外研版高中英语必修二Module2知识详解.doc

必修二Module2

Ⅰ. 单词荟萃

1. addict n.入迷的人;瘾君子→adj.使人上瘾的，使人入迷的→adj.上瘾的，入迷的→addiction n.瘾，入迷，嗜好

2. danger n. 危险→adj.危险的→vt.危及;使遭到危险

3. adj.有力的；有功效的→adj没有力量的→power n.力量，权利

4. n.联系；关系；关联→connect v.联系→adj.有关联的

5. vt.减少→reduction n.减少

6. adj.违法的,不合法的→legal adj.合法的

7. v.不同意，意见不合→n.不一致，争论→agree vt.同意→

n.协议;（意见等）一致

8. treatment n. 治疗→treat v.治疗

9. v.影响→n.影响，作用

10. participant n.参与者；参加者→v.参加，参与→participation n.参与，参加

11. v.认出，识别；认可→recognition n.认出，识别，承认

Ⅱ.短语检测

1．与...有关系9．提高（价格等）

2．破门而入10．由于...的结果

3．与..共享11．设定一个日期

4．处于危险中12．制定计划

5．对..上瘾13.列出一个...的单子

6．处于痛苦中14. 培养新的兴趣

7．听取某人的建议15.参加...班/课程的学习

8．为了

Ⅲ.佳句再现

1．Thirteen people die every hour from illness related to smoking tobacco, such as cancer,bronchitis and heart disease.

2．It was such a dangerous drug that he nearly died.

3．Now I work in a centre for drug addicts, helping others to stop taking drugs.

4.In most states in the US, it is against the law to smoke in public buildings.

5.I couldn’t agree more.

Ⅳ.单元语法

1.addict n. 入迷的人，有瘾的人

(1)addictive adj. 使人上瘾的；是人着迷的

addicted adj. 入迷的，有瘾的

addiction n. 瘾，入迷，嗜好

(2)be/get addicted to 热衷于；对...上瘾

【温馨提示】

和addicted搭配的to为介词，后面若加东西要用动名词形式

【活学活用】

(1)Smokers are likely nicotine.吸烟的人容易对尼古丁上瘾

(2)I took up skiing a couple of years ago and I .

我几年前开始练滑雪，发现这项运动挺让人着迷

2.likely adj.(probable)很可能的adv. 或许，很可能

(1)unlikely adj. 不太可能的

(2)be likely/unlikely to do sth. 很可能/不太可能做某事

It is likely/unlikely that... 很可能/不太可能...

【易混辨析】likely，possible和probable

(1)意义上：likely和probable表示的可能性都较大，possible表示的可能性则较小

(2)搭配上：

sb./sth. be likely to do...

It is likely/possible/probable that...

It is possible(for sb.) to do sth.

【易错警示】

likely的主语既可以是物，也可以是人，但不能说It is likely(for sb.) to do;probable和possible 的主语必须是形式主语it

如：He is likely to take the job.

It is likely/probable/possible that he will take the job.

It is possible for him to take the job.

【活学活用】

(1)The war continue.战争很可能会继续

(2)Is it to get tickets for the game?有没有可能弄到比赛的票？

3.affect vt.(to produce an effect or change)影响；(to touch or move)感动；[(of disease) to attack; to infect](疾病)侵袭

be deeply affected by........ 被...所深深感动

【易混辨析】affect,effect 和influence 三个词都含“影响”之意

(1)affect v.指“产生的影响之大足以引起反应”，着重“影响”的动作，有时含有“对...产生不利影响”的意思。

(2)effect n.效果，影响，作用，常用语短语have an effect on中

(3)influence n.&v.影响，指“通过说服、举例等对行动、思想、性格等产生不易察觉到的、潜移默化的影响”。作名词时可以成短语have an influence on

【温馨提示】

effect作名词时表示“影响，作用”，而作动词时意为“使发生，实现，引起”

【活学活用】

(1)Your opinion will not my decision.你的意见不会影响我的决定

(2)What do you think the changes will have you？

你认为这些变化会给你带来什么样的影响？

(3) by a high school biology teacher, he took up the study of medicine.

在一位高中生物老师的影响下，他开始从事医学研究

4.ban vt.[to officially forbid (sth.)]明令禁止n.禁止，禁令

(1)ban sb. from (doing) sth. 命令禁止某人做某事

a ban on sb./sth. 对...的禁令

(2)forbid sb. from doing sth./forbid sb. to do sth. 禁止某人做某事

prevent/stop/keep sb.from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事

【易混辨析】ban 和forbid

(1)ban指官方正式地禁止危险的、危害公众的事物，含谴责或不赞成的态度

(2)forbid是普通用语，表示清楚地、态度强硬地直接禁止某人做某事，用于较小的事物，或由个人、上级、官方、长辈发出的正式规定或规则，或客观条件不允许

【活学活用】

I.根据汉语意思完成句子

(1)Charlie’s been for a year.查理被禁止驾车一年

(2)We have put a smoking.我们已经颁布了禁烟令

II.单项填空

(1)he rain us to go out yesterday.

A. banned

B. forbade

C.prevented

D.made

【解析】B 考查动词辨析。句意：下雨阻止了我们出去。此处指客观条件不允许，因此用B。prevent 要用于搭配prevent sb. from doing

5.recognize vt.认出，识别；认可，承认；公认；赏识

(1)recognition n. 认出，识别；承认；公认

recognizable adj. 可辨认的，可识别的；可承认的

(2)recognize...as 公认...为；承认...是

It is recognized that... 人们承认...

【易混辨析】recognize和know

recognize意为“认出，辨别出”，强调从外表上辨认出，指一时性的动作；know是状态行动词，表示知道某个人并认识他，在一定程度上还对他有所了解，指长久性的一种情况。【活学活用】

(1)I him,but I could hardly him when I saw him last night.

我认识他，但当我昨晚看到他时，我几乎认不出他了

(2)He a talented writer. 他被公认为是一个有天分的作家

(3) the project was much harder than expected.

人们认识到这个工程比预料的要难很多

Ⅴ.短语学习

1.be related to 和...有关系，和...有联系

in relation to 关于；涉及

be connected with 和...有联系

have sth./nothing to do with 和..（没）有关系

【温馨提示】

be related to 中to为介词，后面要加名词或动名词

【活学活用】

The theme of the reading passage the theme of the dialogue. 阅读文章的主题与对话的主题有关

2.be in danger在危险之中

be in danger of... 有...的危险

be out of danger 脱离危险

【易混辨析】danger 和risk

(1)danger是常用词，指“目前的危险，也可指今后的或不一定发生的危险”

(2)risk指“风险”，含有“主动冒险”的意思

【活学活用】

(1)Children’s lives every time they cross this road.

孩子们每次过这条马路都面临着生命危险

(2)He rescued the child at the of his own life.

他冒着生命危险把那个孩子救出来了

3.break into (to enter a building or car by using force,in order to steal sth.)强行闯入

break into tears/laughter/cheers 突然大哭/大笑/欢呼起来

break away from 逃走；逃脱

break down (机器等)出故障，坏掉；(身体)跨掉,(精神)崩溃；失败；划分；使分解(为) break in 闯入，强行进入；打断，插嘴

break out 突然发生

break through 突破，冲破；克服，战胜

break up 粉碎，分裂；(婚姻等)结束

【温馨提示】

break into 和break in 都有“闯入”的意思，但break into是及物动词，后面要加宾语，而break in是不及物动词，后面不加宾语，如：

Burglars broken in while they were away on holiday.他们假日外出时，有窃贼进入了屋内。【活学活用】根据语境选择break合适的短语填空

(1) The thieves the office and stole some money.

(2) Please don’t on our conversation.

(3) He and cried when he heard the new .

(4) Scientists think they are beginning to in the fight against cancer.

(5) Their marriage has .

(6) Our car on the way home.

(7) I was in a nightclub in Brixton and a fight .

4.so as to = in order to 为了

【温馨提示】

so as to不能放句首，而in order to 或不定式to短语则可以放于句首

so as to 为了，表目的

so...as to 如此...以至于，表结果

【活学活用】

(1)He ran catch the first bus.他飞快地跑以便赶上第一班车

(2)He ran his balance and fell.他跑的太快了，结果失去平衡摔倒了Ⅵ.句型学习

1.It was such a dangerous drug that he nearly died.

【句型公式】

such/so...that “如此...以至于”，用来引导结果状语从句

a/an+adj.+单数可数名词

such+ adj.+复数可数名词+that 从句

adj.+不可数名词

adj./adv.

so+ +that 从句

adj.+a/an+单数可数名词

many+名词复数

few +名词复数

so+ much+不可数名词+that从句

little +不可数名词

【温馨提示】

“such+a/an+adj.+单数可数名词+that”可以与“so+adj.+a/an+单数可数名词+that”互换，

要注意不定冠词的位置。

【句式点拨】

(1)so或such与所修饰的部分放于句首时会引起部分倒装。如：

So attracted was he by the fame that he forget the time.

Such a lively lesson did he give us on my first day at school that I still remember it today.

(2)so后面也可以直接加动词的过去分词。如：

The book is so written that it gives a quite wrong idea of the facts.

(3)当前后主语相同时，我们还经常用到so..as to...和such...as to...来表示“如此...以至于”如：I was so stupid as to play football in the rain.

【活学活用】

(1)He made that everyone admired him.

他做了如此精彩的演讲，所有人都很佩服他

(2)There were a lot of people we didn’t have enough seats for everyone. 人太多了，没有足够的位置给每个人坐

(3) the force of the explosion that windows were broken.

爆炸的威力相当大，窗子都碎了。

2.I couldn’t agree more. 我非常赞同

【句式点拨】

此句中，“couldn’t+比较级”表示肯定一一，“再...不过了；非常”。在比较集中，经常用比较级和否定结构结合表示最高级含义或表示肯定强调。如：

We couldn’t have found a better place for a picnic.

I have never seen a more interesting film.

【活学活用】

1.根据汉语意思完成句子

(1) The weather .天气再糟糕不过了。

2.单项填空

---How was the movie last night?

---I’ve never seen before. It was so breathtaking!

A.the best one

B.the better one

C. a good one

D. a better one

【解析】D 从回答者的第二句话可知，电影非常棒，因此，用比较级和否定结构表示最高级概念，因此选D

课后习题

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1．Smoke a health,so you’d better give it up.

2．You will be a to the drug if you keep on taking it.

3．The stepmother t the girl better than her own child.

4．I think it would be god if they b smoking in restaurants and cafes as well. 5．No, I d . I don’t think it would be the right thing to do.

Ⅱ.选词填空

be related to, share with, take my advice, so as to,put up

1. The test questions are kept secret prevent cheating.

2. More and more people die from illnesses pollution.

3. If you don’t ,you will be sorry one day..

4. The government the price of cigarettes to stop people buying them.

5. I have an office that I some other teachers.

Ⅲ.单项填空

1.Studies show that people are more to suffer from back problems if they always sit before computer screens for long hours.

A.likely

B.possible

C.probable

D.sure

2.Scientists have been worried for years about the of air pollution on the earth’s natural conditions.

A.effect

B.reason

C.account

D.cause

3.Every weekend,Mrs Green asked her daughter to visit the museum to her interest in science.

A.grow

B.develop

C.make

D.build

4.It was that the tourists wanted to spend more time taking pictures outdoors.

A.so fine weather

B.such fine weather

C.so fine a weather

D.such a fine weather

5.The computer system suddenly while he was searching information on the Internet.

A.broke down

B.broke out

C.broke up

D.broke in

6. that Maric was able to set up new branches elsewhere.

A.So successful her business was

B.So successful was her business

C.So her business was successful

D. So was her successful business

7.Yao Ming was recognized one of the best basketball players in China.

A .as B.for C.with D.like

8.The couple finally bought the house they wanted, for they enough money .

A.had saved

B.were saving

C.would save

D.were to save

9.The matter your fate can not be taken for granted

A.has to do with

B.related to

C.referred to

D.connecting with

10.---It is not a good idea to go hiking on such a day.

--- .It looks like rain.

A.Yes

B.Why not?

C. Certainly

D.Absolutely

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高一英语第十一次课----- 必修三module3 一、考点、热点回顾 （一）key words and phrases 1.experience vt.经历n(可数)经历n(不可数)经验 2.cause vt.引起，导致cause sb. to do sth.导致某人去做某事cause sb. trouble/problems 给某人带来麻烦/问题 cause n.起因，理由，事业-------指造成某事的直接原因，后常接of或to do reason n.原因，理由------指从逻辑推理上得出的原因，后常接for或定语从句。 3.bury vt.埋葬 bury oneself in =be buried in 专心于，埋头于bury one’s face in one’s hands 双手捂脸4.occur vi.发生-------指发生时，有计划无计划均可。脑海中出现某种想法。 happen vi.发生------指事先无计划偶然发生。碰巧作某事happen to do sth. take place 发生-------指事先安排，计划的事情。举行。 以上三词均无被动形式。 sth. Occurs sb. 某人想起=strike/hit eg: A good idea occurred to me . It occurs to sb. to do sth.某人想起It occurred to me to visit my teacher. It occurs to sb. that…某人想起It occurred to me that I should visit my teacher. 5.take off 去掉，脱掉，起飞，成功，休假，减去，移动 6.strike vt＆n.(雷电，暴风雨等）袭击=hit，击打，碰撞，罢工，想起=occur to,打动 (1)The miners went on strike for higher pay. (2)Does this clock strike twelve? (3)A good idea struck me while I was walking along the river. (4)He hit me ,so I struck him back. (5)A huge forest fire broke out after the lighting struck. (6)I am still struck by the native beauty of the lake. 7.ruin vt.毁坏，破坏，使堕落n.毁灭，崩溃，废墟in ruins 变成一片废墟 8.warn vt.警告，告诫，提醒注意warn sb. of/about sth.提醒某人注意某事 warn sb. not to do sth.= warn sb.against doing sth. 提醒某人不要做某事 give a warning 发出警告without warning 毫无预警 9.in all 总共，总计 above all 最重要的是after all 毕竟at all 确实，根本first of all首all of a sudden突然all in all从各方面考虑all along一直，始终 10.possibility n.可能性，可能发生的事 There is a/no possibility that… 有（不）可能There is a/no possibility of doing sth.有（没有）的可能 possible adj.可能的It is possible (for sb.)to do sth. It is possible that……. 11.set fire to =set….on fire 放火（焚烧）……. on fire着火（状态）catch fire 着火（动作）put out a fire扑灭火 12.put out 扑灭（火），伸出，出版 put off推迟put up张贴，建造put away放好，收好put on 穿上，上演put forward 提出 1．拿起；拾起；搭载；学会；收听2．平均 3．有史以来4．到……时为止 5．结束；告终6．扑灭 7．放火烧…… 8．总共 9．带来损害10．使某人无家可归 pick up on average of all time by the time end up put out set fire to in all do/cause damage make sb. homeless

最新外研版高中英语必修三Module3

单词 1experience n. 经验；实践；经历；阅历 v. 经历；经受；遭受；感受experienced adj. 有经验的；熟练的 from/by experience 凭经验；从经验中(得出) be experienced in…在……方面有经验 【易错警示】 experience作“经验”讲是不可数名词，作“经历”讲是可数名词。 2cause n. 原因；动机；理由；根据；目标；理想；事业 v. 引起；惹起；促成 for a good cause为了正义的事业 cause sb to do sth 促使某人做某事 【词语辨析】 cause和reason (1)cause 指“导致某事发生的原因或起因，常跟of搭配”。如： We do not yet know the cause of the accident. 我们尚不清楚事故的原因。 (2)reason 指“做某事的理由”，常跟for或why引导的定语从句搭配。如： He has given no reasons for his decision. 他并未说明他决定的理由。 【活学活用】 (1)Tell me _______________you were so late this morning. 告诉我今天上午你来这么晚的原因。 (2)______________________was carelessness. 火灾的起因是粗心。 3occur v. 发生；出现；存在；浮现 occurence n. 发生的事情，事件；发生；出现sth occur to sb 某事浮现在某人的脑海中；某人想到某事 It occurs to sb that/It occurs to sb to do… 某人想到…… 【短语辨析】 take place, happen, occur, come about和breakout 以上词或短语都含有“发生”的意思，区别如下：(1)take place表示“发生，举行，举办”，一般指非偶然性事件的发生，即这种事件的发生是由于某种原因或根据事先的安排。 (2)happen作“发生”讲，一般用于偶然或突发性事件。另外还可以表示“碰巧”。常用于搭配：happen to do sth/It happens that… (3)occur作“发生”讲，其意义相当于happen，但它还可以表示“想到，突然想起”。 (4)come about表示“发生，产生”，多指事情已经发生了，但还不知道为什么，常用于疑问句和否定句。可以构成句型：How did it come about that…？……是怎么发生的？ (5)break out意为“发生，爆发”，常指战争、灾难、疾病或者争吵等事件的发生，也可以表示突然大声叫喊等。 【易错警示】 上面表示“发生”的五个词或短语，都是不及物动词。其主语都是事情、事件等。 4ruin v. (使)破产；(使)堕落；毁灭 n. 毁灭；崩溃；废墟；遗迹 in ruins 成为废墟 go/fall/come to ruin 毁灭；灭亡；崩溃；破坏掉【词语辨析】 ruin, damage和destroy (1)ruin现在多用于借喻中，泛指一般的“弄坏”，还可指“价值、用途降低或外表损坏”等。 (2)damage多指不一定全部破坏、损坏，可能还可以修复。它既可作名词，也可作动词。作名词时常构成搭配：cause/do damage (to…)(对……)造成损害。(3)destroy指“彻底毁坏掉以至不能或很难修复”。【活学活用】 用ruin, damage或destroy的适当形式填空 (1) The rain caused great _______to the crops. (2)A big fire __________the tall building. (3)She poured water all over my painting, and _______it. 5strike v. 打；撞击；碰撞；(突然)袭击；某人突然想到/意识到；让(某人)觉得；留下……印象；擦(火柴)；罢工 be on strike在罢工 go on strike 举行罢工 It strikes me that…某人突然想到/意识到…… be deeply struck 被深深打动 strike sb as…让某人觉得…… 5strike v. 打；撞击；碰撞；(突然)袭击；某人突然想到/意识到；让(某人)觉得；留下……印象；擦(火柴)；罢工 be on strike在罢工 go on strike 举行罢工 It strikes me that…某人突然想到/意识到…… be deeply struck 被深深打动 strike sb as…让某人觉得…… 短语 精品文档