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材料英语证书考试PEC无机非金属材料词汇

材料英语证书考试PEC无机非金属材料词汇
材料英语证书考试PEC无机非金属材料词汇

材料英语证书考试(PEC)-无机非金属材料词汇

alloy 合金atomic-scale architecture 原子尺度结构(构造)brittle 脆性的

ceramic 陶瓷composite 复合材料concrete 混凝土conductor? 导体crystalline? 晶态的devitrified 反玻璃化的(晶化的)

ductility (可)延(展)性,可锻性electronic and magnetic material? 电子和磁性材料element 元素fiberglass 玻璃钢

glass 玻璃glass-ceramic 玻璃陶瓷/微晶玻璃insulator 绝缘体materials science and engineering 材料科学与工程

materials selection 材料选择metallic 金属的microcircuitry 微电路microscopic-scale architecture 微观尺度结构(构造)noncrystalline 非晶态的nonmetallic 非金属的oxide 氧化物periodic table 周期表plastic 塑性的、塑料polyethylene 聚乙烯polymer 聚合物property 性能(质)refractory 耐火材料、耐火的semiconductor 半导体silica 石英、二氧化硅silicate 硅酸盐silicon 硅

steel 钢structural material 结构材料wood 木材

aluminum alloy 铝合金gray iron 灰口铁amorphous metal 无定形金属high-alloy steel 高合金钢austenitic stainless steel 奥氏体不锈钢

high-strength low-alloy steel 高强度低合金钢Brinell hardness number 布氏硬度值Hooke’s law 胡克定律carbon steel 碳钢

impact energy 冲击能cast iron 铸铁lead alloy 铅合金Charpy test Charpy试验low-alloy steel 低合金钢

cold working 冷作加工lower yield point 屈服点下限copper alloy 铜合金magnesium alloy 镁合金creep curve 蠕变曲线

malleable iron 可锻铸铁primary stage 第一(初期)阶段martensitic stainless steel 马氏体不锈钢secondary stage 第二阶段

modulus of elasticity 弹性模量tertiary(final)? stage 第三(最后)阶段modulus of rigidity 刚性模量

dislocation climb 位错攀(爬)移nickel alloy 镍合金ductile iron 球墨铸铁nickel-aluminum superalloy 镍铝超合金

ductile-to-brittle transition temperature 韧性-脆性转变温度nonferrous alloy 非铁合金ductility (可)延(展)性,可锻性

plastic deformation 塑性变形elastic deformation 弹性变形Poi ssion’s ratio 泊松比engineering strain 工程应变

precious metal 贵金属engineering stress 工程应力precipitation-hardened stainless steel 沉淀(脱溶)硬化不锈钢fatigue curve 疲劳曲线

rapidly solidified alloy 速凝合金/快速固化合金fatigue strength (endurance limit) 疲劳强度(耐久极限)refractory? metal 耐火(高温)金属

ferritic stainless steel 铁素体不锈钢Rockwell hardness 洛氏硬度ferrous alloy 铁基合金shear modulus 剪(切)模量

fracture mechanics 断裂机制shear strain 剪(切)应变fracture toughness 断裂韧性shear stress 剪(切)应力

gage length 标距(长度),计量长度,有效长度solution hardening 固溶强化galvanization 电镀,镀锌steel 钢

strain hardening 应变强化white iron 白铁,白口铁superalloy 超合金wrought alloy 可锻(锻造、轧制)合金tensile strength 拉伸强度

yield point 屈服点titanium alloy 钛合金yield strength 屈服强度tool steel 工具钢Young’s modulus 杨氏模量toughness 韧性

zinc alloy 锌合金upper yield point 屈服点上限

annealing point 退火点linear coefficient of thermal expansion线性热膨胀系数refractory 耐火材料borosilicate glass 硼硅酸盐玻璃

expansion 膨胀silicate 硅酸盐brittle fracture 脆性断裂magnetic ceramic 磁性陶瓷silicate glass 硅酸盐玻璃clay 粘土

melting range 熔化(温度)范围soda-lime silica glass 钠钙硅酸盐玻璃color 颜色modulus of rupture 断裂模量softening point 软化点

cosine law 余弦定律network former 网络形成体specular reflection 镜面反射creep 蠕变netwrok modifier 网络修饰体/网络外体

static fatigue 静态疲劳crystalline ceramic 晶态陶瓷nonoxide ceramic 非氧化物陶瓷structural clay product 粘土类结构制品

diffuse reflection 漫反射nonsilicate glass 非硅酸盐玻璃surface gloss 表面光泽E-glass 电子玻璃(E玻璃)

nonsilicate oxide ceramic 非硅酸盐氧化物陶瓷tempered glass 钢化玻璃electronic ceramic 电子陶瓷nuclear ceramic 核用陶瓷

thermal conductivity 热传导率enamel 搪瓷nucleate 成(形)核thermal shock 热震Fourier’s law 傅立叶定律Opacity 乳浊

transformation toughening 相变增韧fracture toughness 断裂韧性optical property 光学性质translucency 半透明

Fresnel’s formula Fresnel公式partially stabilized zirconia ??部分稳定氧化锆transparency 透明glass 玻璃polar diagram 极坐标图

viscosity 粘度glass-ceramic 玻璃陶瓷/微晶玻璃pottery 陶器(制造术)viscous deformation 粘性变形

glass transition temperature 玻璃转变温度pure oxide 纯氧化物vitreous silica 无定形二氧化硅/石英玻璃glaze 釉

reflectance 反射(率)whiteware 白瓷Griffith crack model Griffith裂纹模型refractive index 折射率working range 工作(温度)范围

intermediate 中间体/中间的

admixture 外加剂fiberglass 玻璃钢metal-matrix composite 金属基复合材料aggregate 聚集体

fiber-reinforced composite 纤维增强复合材料particulate composite 颗粒复合材料aggregate composite 聚集体复合材料

hardwood 硬质木材polymer-matrix composite 聚合物基复合材料anisotropic 各向异性hemicellulose 半纤维素

portland cement 波特兰水泥cement 水泥interfacial strength 界面结合强度property

averaging 性能平均

ceramic-matrix composite 陶瓷基复合材料isostrain 等应变radial cell 径向细胞concrete

混凝土isotress 等应力

softwood 软质木材continuous fiber 连续纤维isotropic 各向同性specific strength 比强度discrete (chopped) fiber 不连续(短切)纤维laminate 层状的strength-to-weight ratio 强度质量比率

dispersion-strengthened metal 弥散强化金属lignin 木质素whisker 晶须

longitudinal cell 经向(纵向)纤维wood 木材woven fabric 纺织构造E-glass 电子玻璃matrix 基质(体)philosophy 基本原理

cross over 交叉,穿过,跨越restriction 限制(定)configuration 构造(形式),结构align 使成一直线(一行)

elongate 拉长(的)/延伸(的)aggregate 集料,粒料,骨料chop 切utility 效用,实用,功用in regard for 考虑到

cite 引用(证、述),援引,列举,举出(例),提到,谈到embed 埋置,把? 嵌入(或插入)dielectric 电介质implication 含意(义)

epoxy 环氧树脂polyester 聚酯polyetheretherketone (PEEK) 聚醚酮醚polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) 聚苯亚砜

entrant 新到者requisite 必需的imitate 仿deciduous 每年落叶的,非永久的commonality 共性,共同特点

dramatic 生动的vertically 竖直地,直立地longitudinal 经度的,纵向的sap 树液cellulose 纤维素alignment 直线排列

phenol-propane 苯酚-丙烷manifest 显示,出现,显露dimension 尺寸specify 详细说明staggering 令人惊愕的

igneous 火成的inspection 检查,视察interstice 空隙,裂缝enclose 包围,封闭entrain 混(气泡)于混凝土中

entrap 截留的,夹杂的thaw 融化(解),解冻identify 认识,鉴定,确定generality 一般(性),一般原则,普遍(性),通则

consistent with 与? 一致emphasis 强调,重点,重要性axially 轴向weighted average 加权平均elementary 基本的reverse 相反的

rigorous 严格的,严密的,精确的bound 限度take for granted 被忽略(视)communicate 传达,传递deflect 偏转

unless otherwise state 除非另外说明appreciation 正确评价,鉴别substantial 多的,大的,大量的offset 弥补,抵消,偏移

assembly 装配,组装,总成

capacitor 电容器electron-hole pair 电子-空穴对piezoelectric coupling coefficient 压电耦合系数ceramic 陶瓷

electronic conduction 电子传导piezoelectric effect 压电效应charge carrier 载流子energy band 能带polymer 聚合物

charge density 电荷密度energy band gap 能隙positive charge carrier 正载流子coercive field 矫顽(电)场energy level 能级

PZT 锆钛酸铅conduction band 导带extrinsic semiconductor 非本征半导体remanent polarization 剩余极化conductivity 传导率

Fermi function 费米函数resistivity 电阻率conductor 导体Fermi level 费米能级resistance 电阻current 电流ferroelectric 铁电性

reverse piezoelectric effect逆压电效应dielectric 介电性,介电体free electron 自由电子saturization polarization 饱和极化

dielectric constant 介电常数glass 玻璃Seebeck potential 赛贝克(电)势dielectric strength 介电强度hysteresis loop (电)滞回线

semiconductor 半导体domain (电)畴insulator 绝缘体spontaneous polarization 自发极化drift velocity 漂移速率

intrinsic semiconductor 本征半导体superconductor 超导体electric permittivity 电容率,介电常数metal 金属

temperature coefficient of resistivity 电阻率温度系数electrical conduction 电导negative charge carrier 负载流子

electrical field strength 电场强度Ohm’s law 欧姆定律thermocouple 热(电)偶electrically poled 电极化的orbital 轨道

transducer 变(转)换器/换能器electron 电子paraelectric 顺电性的valence band 价带electron hole 电子空穴

Pauli exclusion principle 泡利不相容原理voltage 电压commonality (特点等的)共有,共同特点,共性in light of 按照,根据

manifestation 显示,表明,表现,表现形式,现象give way to 让路(步),退让,让位,屈服spacing 间隔(距)abstract 抽象

reciprocal 倒数的mobility 迁移率drift 漂移precisely 正好地hypothetical 假(设)定的delocalize 使离开原位extension 扩展(充)

pseudocontinuous 准连续的nature 自然状态conductive to 有助(益)的on the order of (数值)相当于,大约,数量级为,跟相似的

accessibility 能进入(的),可得到(的)inability 无能(力)attribute to 归结于agitation 扰动wave packet 波包(群)

irregularity 不规则,无规律reminiscent 回忆往事的,提醒的,暗示的ultimately 最后(终)于trace 追溯,上溯

ambient 周围的(环境)tabulate 把......制成表格,列表finite 有限的empirical 经验的ironically 冷嘲的,具有讽刺意味的,用反语的,挖苦的,令人啼笑皆非的synchronization 同时发生,同步cooperative 配合

account for 解释,占多少比例speculation 思索cryogenic 低温学的appreciable 可评估的,可感知的breakdown 崩溃,击穿

subsection 细分asymmetrical 不对称的dipole 偶极子polarization 极化crystallographic

晶体的,晶体学的

at the expense of 以…..为代价symmetrical 对称的exaggerate 夸张(大)extrapolate 推断(知),外推

induce 诱导prefix 前缀intriguing 引起? 的兴趣(或好奇心)stem from 由…引起的,产生(起源、归因于),出身于

constrain 强迫,抑制,约束straightforward 简单,易懂的ensuring 确保,保证pseudo-single crystal 准单晶

consolidate 加固,使合成一体transmitter 变送器,发射机oscillation 振动megahertz MHz

acceptor level 受主能级device 元件impurity 杂质amorphous semiconductor 无定形半导体diode 二极管

intrinsic semiconductor 本征半导体amplifier 放大器donor level 施主能级microcircuit 微电路Arrhenius behavior ???Arrhenius行为

dopant 掺杂剂n-type semiconductor ??n型半导体base 基极drain 漏极p-n junction? ??p-n 结carrier mobility 载流子迁移(率)

electron hole 电子空穴p-type semiconductor? p型半导体chalcogenide 硫族(属)化物emitter 发射极rectifier 整流器

charge 电荷energy band gap 能隙reverse bias ?反向偏置charge carrier ??载流子exhaustion range 耗尽区saturation range 饱和区

charge density 电荷密度extrinsic semiconductor 非本征半导体source 源极chip (基)片Fermi function 费米函数

thermal activation 热激活collector 集电极Fermi level 费米能级III-V compound III-V化合物compound semiconductor 化合物半导体

field-effect transistor (FET) 场效应晶体管II-VI compound II-VI化合物conduction band 导带forward bias 正向偏置transistor 晶体管

conduction electron 传导电子gate 栅极valence band 价带conductivity 传导率Hall effect 霍尔效应clustered 丛生,成群overlap 交迭

activation 活化,激活occurrence 发生,出现,事件,发生的事情dominate 支配,占优势semilog 半对数的ambient 周围(环境)的

phosphorus 磷plateau 平原/平台compensation 补(赔)偿intimate 亲密at right angle 成直角sideways 侧(横)向

in order 整齐,状态良好,适应on the average 平均,按平均数计算,一般地说zinc blende 闪锌矿counterpart 配对物

threshold 开始(端),极限photovoltaic 光电nondepletable 耗不尽的silane 硅烷xerography 静电复印术photoconductive 光敏polarization 极化herald 先驱,先兆excess 过量的,额外的,附加的overshoot 过冲distort 畸变,使失真

antiparallel spin pairing 反平行(电子)对domain (bloch) wall 畴壁flux density 通量(磁力线)密度eddy current 涡流

garnet 石榴子石Bohr magneton 玻尔磁子electron spin 电子自旋hard magnet 硬(永)磁铁(体)ceramic magnet 陶瓷磁铁(体)

energy loss 能(量)损(失)hysteresis loop (磁)滞回线coercive field 矫顽(磁)场exchange interaction 交互作用

induction 感应(诱导)coercive force矫顽(磁)力ferrimagnetism 铁氧体磁性,(亚)铁磁性inverse spinel 反尖晶石

diamagnetism 抗(反)磁性ferrite 铁氧体,铁素体Joule heating 焦耳热domain structure 畴结构ferromagnetism 铁磁性

magnetic dipole 磁偶极子magnetic field 磁场metallic magnet 金属磁体soft magnet 软(暂时)磁体(铁)

magnetic field strength 磁场强度paramagnetism 顺磁性spinel 尖晶石magnetic flux line 磁通量(力)线

permanent magnet 永(久)磁体superconducting magnet 超导磁体magnetic moment 磁矩

permeability 导磁性(率)

textured micostructure 织构magnetism 磁性preferred orientation 择优取向transition metal 过渡金属magnetite 磁铁矿(石)

relative permeability 相对(磁)导率transition metal ion 过渡金属离子

magnetization 磁化remanent induction 剩余感应YIG 钇铁石榴子石Magnetoplumbite 磁铅石,磁铁铅矿saturation induction 饱和感应

nomenclature 命名routinely 常规,惯例counterpart 对手modest 小的reversible 可逆的traced out 探寻踪(轨)迹

primitive 原始的,早期的,开始的,基本的,简单的visualize 目测,观察,设想relativistic 相对论的aligned 排列好的distinction (差)区别,特性tetrahedrally 四面体的octahedrally 八面体的inventory 清单,目录cancellation 抵(取)消

traverse 在?? 上来回移动,沿? 来回移动flunctuate 波动,涨落,起伏,动摇不定ingot 铸模,铸块,锭fidelity 保真Samarium 钐Alnico 磁钢simultaneously 同时发生的product? (乘)积solenoid 螺线管deflection 偏转interchangeably 可交(互)换的,可代替的

gem 宝石dodecahedral 十二面体的waveguide 波导hexagonal 六方晶系的strontium 锶fortuitous 偶然的,幸运的perovskite 钙钛矿

availability 利用(或获得)的可能性levitation 悬浮

学位英语考试_最常用的600个高频词汇

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