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SteamScot是一家在苏格兰提供蒸汽火车之旅的私有的铁路公司。目前他们在苏格兰运作三个具体的铁路旅行。这些旅行是针对旅游市场并贯穿夏季。大约70%的旅客是国内游客与其他30%的海外游客。

过去十年来，公司一直相当盈利,借助各种助学金,他们正考虑扩大业务。然而,它也意识到在未来五年内主要检修的资本存量以及大修必须实行。这正是该公司董事会面对的进退两难的局面。

预计在明年将有250万英镑。这笔钱可以用来打开一条威廉堡,或因弗内斯之间的新路线,或对其当前的路线开展维修、更换计划。

最近的一份报告强调以下恐怖威胁,预计在未来三年内来自美国的参观者下降,但欧洲的游客可能会增加欧元上升趋势。它还希望访问苏格兰的旅游机构，将在英国组织一个主要的广告宣传活动,以鼓励更多来自英国的访问者。

SteamScot董事会也正在考虑改变他们的价格,但不知道这是不是一个明智的做法。目前的平均价格是一次旅程￡4并且有60000名游客使用我们的服务。一份由董事会委托的关于价格、供给与需求的报告显示在下面的表格。

门票价格需求量供给量

￡6 20,000 100,000

￡5 40,000 80,000

￡4 60,000 60,000

￡3 80,000 40,000

￡2 100,000 20,000

￡1 120,000 0

问题：

1.steamscot面临的基本经济问题是什么?

这个问题是什么,什么是更换和维修计划的机会成本?

2。从上表中,建一个供给和需求的安排的一个图表,并确定均衡价格和数量。

3.a)计算,总收益和价格弹性需求。

(1)。价格从4上涨到5。

(2)。价格从4下跌到3。

b),如果你是steamscot董事会的一员, 在这两种情况下你有什么推荐给公司呢?听听你的意见。

4。苏格兰旅游机构的广告将会如何影响SteamScot旅行的需求?做出图表。

5。除了价格上升,别的什么决定将鼓励steamscot去增加供应它的旅行?

6。如果财政大臣要减少所得税,这会影响steamscot产品的需求吗?解释你的答案,参照所得弹性需求。

7。用图,显示如果苏格兰行政院给SteamScot一项补贴出会发生什么平衡。解释如何变化,市场会回到平衡。

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