八年级上册英语语法可数名词和不可数名词知识点整理

可数名词和不可数名词

一、可数名词与不可数名词的区别

普通名词所表示的人或事物是可以按个数计算的，这类名词叫可数名词。可数名词分为个体名词（表示某类人或事物中的个体，如worker, farmer, desk, factory等）和集体名词（表示作为一个整体来看的一群人或一些事物，如people,family 等）。如果普通名词所表示的事物是不能按个数来计算的，这类名词就叫不可数名词。不可数名词分为物质名词（表示无法分为个体的物质，如meat, rice, water, milk, orange 等）和抽象名词（表示动作、状态、情况、品质等抽象概念，如work, homework, time, health, friendship等）。

二、关于可数名词

可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。指一个人或一件事物时，用单数形式；指两个或多个人或事物时用复数形式。名词由单数形式变成复数形式的规则如下：

1. 一般的名词词尾直接加-s 。如：

book →books room →rooms

house →houses day →days

2. 以s,ss, ch,sh, x 结尾的名词，在词尾加-es 。如：

bus →buses glass →glasses；watch →watches；dish →dishes box →boxes

3. 以"辅音字母+y"结尾的名词，要先将y改为i再加-es。如：

city →cities body →bodies；factory →factories等等。

4. 以f 或fe 结尾的名词，要将f或fe改为v再加-es。如：

half →halves leaf →leaves； knife →knives wife →wives

5. 特例[悄悄话：特例常常考，要记住。]

①child →children

②man →men woman →women

policeman →policemen

（规律：man →men）

③tomato →tomatoes

potato →potatoes

[悄悄话：初中英语以o 结尾的名词变复数时只有这两个词加-es，其余的当然加-s喽！如：photo →photos ]

④foot →feet tooth →teeth

[悄悄话：oo变成ee。]

⑤sheep, Chinese, Japanese单、复数同形[悄悄话：变复数时词形不变。]

⑥people单数形式表示复数意义，要求谓语动词用复数；people的复数形式peoples通常指“多个民族”。

三、关于不可数名词

1. 不可数名词没有复数，当它作句子的主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。

如：The food is very fresh.食品很新鲜。

2. 有的不可数名词也可以作可数名词，有复数形式，但他们的意义往往发生变化。

如：water （水）→waters （水域）；orange （橘汁）→oranges （橘子）

3. 很多的不可数名词表示泛指时为不可数，表示种类时就可数，但意义大多不发生变化。

如：fruit →fruits food →foods； fish →fishes hair →hairs

四、名词可数不可数“六注意”

1、可数名词是可以用来计数的名词。可数名词有单数和复数形式。如：desk-desks, apple-apples等。不可数名词是不可以直接用来计数的名词。不可数名词没有复数形式，只有单数形式。如：some bread，a little milk等。

2、单数可数名词表示泛指时，前面要用不定冠词a（an），表示特指时，前面要用定冠词the; 而不可数名词前不能用a（an）修饰，表示特指时，前面一定要用定冠词the。如：

初中英语语法大全——名词

初中英语语法大全——名词 一、名词概述 1.名词的定义 名词是表示人、事物、地点、现象及其他抽象概念等名称的词。英语中的名词有可数名词和不可数名词之分；有其所有格形式；在句子中通常做主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语等。 2.名词的分类 名词分为专有名词和普通名词两类。普通名词又分为个体名词、集体名词、物质名词和抽象名词。个体名词与集体名词多数是可数名词，而物质名词与抽象名词多数是不可数名词。

二、名词的数 名词按照其可数性可以分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词是指可以直接计算数目的名词。个体名词和集体名词多数是可数名词；不可数名词是指无法直接用数目计算的词。物质名词和抽象名词多数是不可数名词。 1.可数名词的数 在英语中，可以直接用数字进行计算的名词是可数名词，不能直接用数字进行计算的名词是不可数名词。通常个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算，视为可数名词;物质名词和抽象名词往往指泛指的物质或者抽象的概念，不能用具体的数字来表示，视为不可数名词。专有名词往往只指一个人或物，因此没有必要再用具体的数字来修饰，一般也视为不可数名词。

eg: I was having dinner at a restaurant. eg: The two children are playing table tennis in the school. eg: Mr.Black gave us some advice on how to learn English well. eg: Paris is the capital of France. ①规则复数变化形式 可数名词在表示两个或两个以上的概念时需要用复数形式。可数名词单数形式变成复数形式的一般规则如下表:

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labour 劳动health 健康life 生活friendship友情patience耐力 3. 普通名词又分为可数名词和不可数名词。 可数名词是可以用简单的数词进行计数的名词,如： box, child, orange； 不可数名词是不可以用简单的数词进行计数的名词。如：water, news, oil, population, information . 4、英语可数名词的单复数：英语可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。 1. 规则名词的复数形式：

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