高温烟气沸腾炉(英文版)
H I GH TEMPERATURE GAS
BOILING FURNACE
Operational Mannual
Huangshi Energy-Saving Equipment in Building Material Factory Add: 161-1 West Hangzhou Road, Huangshi City, Hubei Province Postcode: 435003
Tel/Fax: 0714-******* https://www.wendangku.net/doc/c85955707.html, E-mail: 6352860@https://www.wendangku.net/doc/c85955707.html,
Contents
I General Introduction
II Baking Furnace
III Preparation before Ignition IV Open and Ignition
V Running
VI Banked Fire and Standby VII Coking Treatment
VIII Safety Rules
IX Others
I General Introduction
High temperature gas boiling furnace is a new type industrial furnace burning coal as its fuel. It has features as high efficient of burning and heating, remarkable effect of environmental protection. It largely applies to industrials as building material, chemical, metallurgy and non-ferrous metal etc. It can achieve great social benefits and economical benefit.
High temperature gas boiling furnace can supply heating stably, and has characteristics of running smoothly and operation easily.
II Baking Furnace
1.Baking furnace according to defined curve (drawing 1).
Drawing 1: Baking Curve
2.Control speed of temperature rising and time of heat preservation by
changing fuel feeding quantity and air inputting mode. If actual temperature is below to given furnace temperature, operator who should immediately increase temperature slowly, not warming significantly and speedy; if actual temperature is higher than given temperature, operator who should immediately preserve heat, and does not allow to take cooling measures.
3.After furnace temperature rising to 600℃by temperature rising curve,
operator who could start combustion device to slowly baking continuity.
4.Record furnace temperature timely when baking. Spill water sufficiently.
Keep even warm of marshalling and components. Closely inspect
marshalling and components, if it has any abnormal conditions of deformation or damage, find out reason and remove it by appropriate measures in time.
III. Preparation before Ignition
1.Grain size and water content of fuel coal are crucial for furnace normal
running. Requirements of fuel coal: water content<8%; grain size<10mm; if working condition needs to control quantity of fly ash, coal diameter(d) should be controlled within 2～10mm.
2.Prepare operating tools: hook, rake, spade, wheelbarrow and wire screen
(mesh size < 10mm) etc.
3.Prepare ignition material (heating consumption as an example of 1×106×
4.18kJ/h)
Wood: about 150kg; diameter<10mm; length is about 500mm (exclude iron nail etc.);
Superior soft coal: 100～200kg; it is well to sift grain size to about 1～6mm;
Charcoal, waste oil and cotton yarn: some;
Harsh yellow sand or slag: slag granularity<10mm, granularity of dry yellow sand<3mm.
4.Inspect equips of blower, disc feeder, bucket elevater, coal crasher and slag
discharging system etc. are normal.
5.Start bucket elevater and coal crasher sequentially for coal feeding of bunker.
Water content of raw coal should less than 8%.
6.Inspect if there has jam in false ogive. Overspread 100mm dry harsh yellow
sand on main furnace bed. Start blower and after sand boiling then reduces air inputting gradually to sand appears to bubbling condition. Pay attention to record turndown radio of air door and blasting pressure at this time. Stop blower and ventilate hole of false ogive on where not boiling to furnace bed boiling evenly and completely.
7.Spread about 200mm dry harsh yellow sand on main bed, and input about 8%
superior broken soft coal of total bed material. Then start blower to make
mixing evenly.
IV. Open and Ignition
1.Add appropriate firewood according to furnace type. Preheat furnace muffle
and warm bedding material. After there is ample burning charcoal bed (about 60mm), then hook out big unburnt firewood and shakeout crimson burning charcoal bed evenly.
2.Start blower and increase air pressure to 3500Pa immediately then close
blowing air door. Mix charcoal, sand and coal evenly. Open blowing air door slowly to make even moving of furnace material. And stir ceaselessly; hook out coke button; after all material firing to a golden color then increase opening ratio of blowing air door for its boiling combustion. Pay attention to that not to add coal at this time, and only permit to increase cold sand for avoiding coking, until charcoal content of furnace material down to normal value.
3.When charcoal content of furnace material reaching to normal value, use disc
feeder to input coal automatically. Adjust opening ratio of main air door to support normal combustion. Input material and begin to running only at this time.
V. Running
As fast changeable of furnace temperature results in that furnace is easy to flame out or coking in short time. Operator should monitor instruments for acquiring actual burning condition. Pay attention to adjust quantity of air blowing, air inducing and coal feeding for keep boiling combustion within normal working range. Controlling of furnace temperature and heating supply by increasing/decreasing air quantity.
1.Air inputting quantity
If air door does not be moved but air capacity reducing and air pressure is increasing automatically, which states that coal grainsize is too big or material bed is too thick. At this time it is capable to discharge slag for keeping even air quantity.
If coal-feeding quantity is a certain value, operator who would adjust air- inputting quantity for keeping normal running. It is capable to reduce air quantity when temperature reducing, contrarily to increase air quantity appropriately. Additionally, operator could control temperature by adjusting coal quantity. However, as heating capacity is changing by coal-feeding quantity, air quantity should be adjusted in time for avoiding coking.
2.Temperature of material bed
It is ought to control temperature of material bed within a normal working range when running for combustion is more rapidly and entirely as possible. Temperature of material bed should be controlled within 950～1050℃when firing hard coal; and as soft coal is easy to fire so material temperature could be controlled between 850～950℃.
Main reasons of temperature changing when running are as follows:
2.1 Changing of air quantity or coal quantity;
2.2 Ratio maladjustment of air and coal;
2.3 Unevenly coal feeding; even if haut coal feeding by jamming;
2.4 Changing of coal kind when furnace running and quantity adjusting of air
and coal is out of time and incorrectly;
2.5 Uneven mixture when firing blended coal or incorrectly adjustment of coal
feeding
Therefore, operator who should closely monitor temperature changing, also should adjust and control temperature of material bed in time.
3.Second, third and fourth blasting
Second blasting is mainly to supply oxygen and accelerate changing between bubble phase and granule phase for assisting combustion and cooling. If furnace working on 80% loading for a long time, it is ought to increase second blasting appropriately for decreasing upper temperature of furnace.
Third blasting is auxiliary bed blasting designed for burning out of fly ash more sufficiently. After temperature of auxiliary bed reaching about 800℃, then start it slowly.
Fourth blasting is for coal broadcasting, and starts it to feed coal when normal combustion of furnace muffle.
VI. Banked Fire and Standby
It is feasible to banked fire and standby after working one or two shifts. Firstly to stop feeding coal when banked fire, after furnace temperature reducing to about 800℃(observe flame that appears to orange color) then stop blower. Input about 10% rice coal (fine coal) of total weight of material bed by spade rapidly. Start blower to work about 3～4 seconds for sufficient mixing of coal and furnace material. Stop blower and draft fan before furnace temperature rising. Close up air door and furnace door, then enters to condition of banked fire. When running furnace again, start blower at first, then open blasting air door and increase furnace temperature slowly. Stir furnace material ceaselessly and hook out coke button. Increase air inducing and start system device after whole furnace material becoming to orange color evenly, then enter to normal running. VII. Coking Treatment
1.Coking in low temperature
Low temperature coking occurs on the conditions of ignition or banked fire, which is mainly caused by uneven blasting, low furnace temperature and raking unevenly to burner in time also could cause low temperature coking.
When running furnace it is ought to keep even combustion on everywhere of furnace muffle. Adjust air quantity by furnace temperature rising. Rake roaring burner evenly. Operator should abide to principles of inputting ignition coal frequently, fewer and evenly.
If coking in low temperature, operator could rake out coke button in the process of temperature rising.
2.Coking in high temperature
When temperature rising to about 1100℃, if not to take measures of cooling such as discharge bottom slag in time that is easy to cause high temperature coking. Other reasons also tend to cause high temperature coking as bottom slag is too thick; coal-feeding quantity is too big; thermal capacity of coal becoming too high; or ratio maladjustment of air and coal and etc.
Operator should stick to his post and closely inspect changing condition of furnace when operating. Once finding temperature is rising too high or many hole spray flame, operator should reduce coal-feeding quantity immediately and induce excess air to blast boiling bed strongly, meanwhile discharge excessive bottom slag and input appropriate amount of cold and wet slag to boiling bed. Operator should rake out coke button from furnace door in time when coking is not serious. Once coking seriously it is ought to stop furnace for clearing then start again.
VIII. Safety Rules
1.It is ought to close blowing air door at first when start blower. Then turn on it
to needed position slowly for avoiding overrun of motor electricity.
2.Shut off furnace door before starting blower for avoiding injury by spray
flame.
3.Operator should not stand in front of furnace door when ignition.
4.When baking raw coal to supply heat, air temperature of dryer inlet should be
controlled below 700℃. It is feasible to install an additional explosion proof device if necessary.
IX. Others
1.Exam condition of slag bed by steel fork before starting furnace, clear out
cinder button timely.
2.Control coal grainsize within 10mm and muffle temperature within 1100℃.
3.It is inadvisable to stop furnace and banked fire frequently because of rapid
cold and rapid warm that may impair furnace usage life.
4.Not to adjust thermal instrument willfully after it has been defined well.
5.Special notice of furnace used in chemical industry:
Turn on blow off valve before ignition for ventilating unburnt smoke when ignition to ensure product’s appearance quality.
When auxiliary muffle becoming orange color (about 800℃), open air door on auxiliary bed to keep boiling condition. After smoke becoming white color, then start draft fan for working.
6.Furnace also can use diesel oil to ignite. Its operating points are as follows:
After cold testing, input 8% flammable soft coal of total sand weight (grainsize<10mm).
Inspect oil temperature; oil pressure and oil supply system whether normal or not before ignition. Close up compressed air valves is also necessarily.
Clear out the potential oil stains or coking buttons on nozzle tip for ensuring accessibility of spout.
Close up one way throttle; Open stopping valve of oilway; Open motor of oil pump; Adjust overflow valve by system requirement to monitor oil pressure to normal value.
Insert burnable oil cotton yarn to combustion passage by furnace door or use those oil cotton yarn stacked in front of oil nozzle to ignite.
Open compressed air valve at first when ignition to input some compressed air, then open one way throttle to spout appropriate amount of oil for atomizing by air (when ignition by electricity, it is feasible to switch on the current to cause flash). Adjust quantity of compressed air and oil proportional after oil mist firing that can support stable burning of flame results in combustion is completely.
As flame easy to concentrate at one point or a few points when ignition, so operator should scatter blazing furnace material of light yellow color by rake for avoiding coking.
When flame of oil nozzle is steadying, open air door of blower slowly to make furnace material boiling for burning evenly.
Increase air quantity in accordance with requirement of furnace running to complete ignition.
Stop one-way throttle, compressed air valve, motor of oil pump and stopping valve in sequence after finishing ignition.
If flame goes out or ignition unsuccessful, it is ought to stop igniting, close oil valve and air valve. Then ignition again according to requirements stated above after exhausting unburnable oil and gas in furnace completely.
Pay attention not to input coal immediately when igniting as coal content of material bed exceeds in normal value at this time. When observing furnace temperature to decline by eyes, open disc coal feeder to input coal automatically.
If furnace temperature is too high, it is feasible to add some wet sand for temperature cooling.
Open valve of draft fan when igniting for ensuring contain a little negative pressure in furnace. Operator should not stand in front of furnace door for avoiding injury by blazing.
7.Furnace can equip with slag discharging system. Its operating points are as
follows:
Inspect grating at slag hole before igniting. Clear out all potential jamming at slag hole, close all air valves of furnace and slag discharging system.
After running some time, adjust slag-discharging valve on discharging duct to exhaust slag intermittently and systematically according to stacking condition of slag in furnace.
When using the system to discharge slag, close air inputting valve at first, then start slag-discharging blower, open needed air valve on discharging pipeline after running steady, exhaust all slag in duct then to close air valve.
Close air valve on discharging duct after all slag has been exhausted out. Then close blower and air inputting valve.
If jamming of slag hole in furnace muffle, please discharge it by hand immediately from emergency slag hole.
If jamming of slag passage, it is ought to dredge pipeline immediately for early recovery, otherwise to discharge slag from emergency slag hole by hand.