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英语写作-Summary范文

英语写作-Summary范文
英语写作-Summary范文

Oliver Huang

Dr. Flanagan, Ryan P

Principles of EnglishGun Control : Need ? Should ?

24 October 2017

MarketingCatalog

Xiangxi Liu claims in his essay“Gun Control? NO!” published on Zhihu website in 2016 that there is no need for government in America toachievegun control thoroughly. He emphasizes thatAmericans need guns as protection in case because of inadequate police distributingover America.“If the nearest police station is 45-minutes-ride away your home, what can you do without guns when some bad guy is trying to break into your house?” He said, “Call 911? Or just call for an ambulance.”He offers a story of his friend who was attacked at home without guns and his own experience as agun-taking agent for federation as an illustration. It’s understandable to believe Xiangxi argued as abovebasing on his desire tomake response to questioners in the website. Besides, considering his job as gun-taking agent for government, it can be assumed that he wanted to express his own ideas about gun control which he thinks are clear enough to help insight this issue.

In “The NRA thinks you're stupid”(2017) published on CNN, Michael A. Nutter argues thatNational Rifle Association(NRA)has no sincerity to take action on gun control. Hepoints out that the leaders in NRA chose political distraction instead of real gun safety reform because of the great benefits from guns.According to Michael, the attitude of NRA is not satisfactory because “It is an amazing display of disingenuous and cynical political sleight of hand that, the NRA grudgingly agrees that some regulation of these devices is OK.”To support his argument, the author quotes what NRA said to its supporters “it is OK to support ‘some regulation’ of bump stocks”,and also offers questions both straight andemotional to challenge NRA’s motivation and sincerity.As far as Michael’s profession is concerned, a reporter for CNN, it can be assumed that his argument is not only about his thoughts but to gain greater amount ofreaders as well.

In a 2015 article published in Analysis of Social Issues and Public

Policy,WolfgangStroebeinsists that gun prevalence is positively related to homicide rates. The

argument outlines that there is no evidence for a protective effect of gun ownershipand contrarily for the unsafe aspect. As what Stroebe suggests in his article,although gunsare not a primary determinant for homicide,their efficacy as murder instruments just makes it easier.The author showsa horrible mass-shooting event first following graph made of data about US household gun ownership rate and homicide rate,which are functioned as an illustration.Then a few other firearm-related deaths related gun-ownership are provided to further explain the similar influence gun prevalence has. Considering Stroebe’s identity as the emeritus professor of social psychology at Utrecht University and a senior researcher, who has gain reputations, it’s reliant to believe he writes this article to make contributions to the field Social Psychology which he devoted decades to studying.

In assay“Unpacking Heat: Dueling Identities and Complex Views on Gun Control among Rural Police” published in Rural Sociology,Rachael A. Woldoff, Robert C. Litchfield and Angela Sycafoose Matthewsargue that officers’ view about gun control varies as their multiple identities change in the life, such as police trying to control dangerous situations with guns they encounter and citizens who desire guns as self-protection.“Officers symbolically rejected the concept of gun control and instead supported individuals’ gun rights while most of them distanced themselves from gun-related aspects of rural identity”, the authors say. However, authors also point out that when it comes to on-the-job experiences, most of them shows concern about bad influence gun-ownership has on everyday life and also desire to control it.This article is mostly basing on anopinion research about rural police’s attitude to gun control,which covered 200 towns in rural areas. Also, the testimonies of incumbent police make the argument convincing. Like what the authors write in the article, they want to make supplementary contributions about what views rural officers possess on gun control, which is understandable to believe on account of their professions including scholars and officer from FBI. And there is possibility that they want to gain reputations for higher positions in career.

Recommendation

For the first article:1)Unlike most people in China, Liu contradicts gun control in America, which is likely to appeal to people who have similar opinions. They will certainly

know more about gun control and may reaffirm their view. And the supporters of gun control may also read this to find mistakes it has.2) However, basing on lots of experiences of him and his friends, I can feel a tone ofsubjectivity, though he offers some results of researches supporting the argument. Overall, it’s trustworthy to read this essay considering the profession of the author.

For the second article:1)As we all know, NRA has a complicated reputation and influence around the America. Almost everyone interested inguns’ issue takes care of its movements. Therefore,an essay criticizing NRA will certainly attracts audiences mainly as above and people caring about politics. What they will gain includes backgrounds of gun control and the more specific relationshipbetween NRA and guns. 2)There are many direct questions the author asks to NRA, which areconsistent in logical and thus powerful. What worried me most is the lack of the data and results from rigorous researches and analysis. For the third article:1)Even if gun control has been a hit for years, academic articles related this issue are still hard for people who are little educated. Nevertheless, the language there is not much scholarly so that I supposethe readers will not only beexperts well educated in associated fields but also people really interested in this issue. It’s really a good chance for them to understand deeply about gun control from adeeper and more intellectual view.

2)What impressed me most is that the author has shown a strongly logical collaboration among the events as example, graphs made of data collected, and the analysis from researches. However, a slightly subjective attitude can be felt reading the article.

For the forth article:1)The language in this article is a little sophisticated and contains academic terms. But the topic about rural officers’ opinions towards gun control is unique compared to the former essay related to this issue. Therefore,people with an upper level of education and who care about rural areas or care about gun control and officers’ opinions to it can be the ideal audience. 2)As far as I’m concerned, this article has a pretty abounded evidenceabout quotations and references which seems like burdens hampering the proof of their argument. Maybe there should be more mathematical models to support it and make the conclusions more credible.

3)As a native Chinese, who grew up in a country that has an extremely ban on guns, I really don’t have think too much about gun control and gun violence until I happened to

know a series of mass-shooting in America, which shocked me a lot. At first, I feel quite unbelievable that there is a country where people can buy guns freely, then I wonder

why.Maybe after researching the papers above I can figure out many questions in my mind about gun control. Perhaps I can understand why America doesn’t or can’t ban guns thoroughly though there is gun violence happening almost every year. (In fact, I have already known some reasons and answers after reading these articles mentioned above).

4)·Why can American people have gun privately? Is there any background in history and society?

·What is the number on average of the people dying from guns including both murder and commit suicide every year in America?

·Is there any groups of interest that are associated with guns?

·What do you think about gun control if you are a citizen/an officer?

·Do you want to have guns if you live in America? Explain why.

Works Cited

Liu,Xiangxi.“Why It’s Impossible to Ban Guns in America?”, Zhihu Website, Sep 3,

2016,https://https://www.wendangku.net/doc/c512317184.html,/p/22299566.

Nutter,Michael A. “The NRA thinks you're stupid”, CNN, Oct

6,2017,https://www.wendangku.net/doc/c512317184.html,/2017/10/06/opinions/nra-and-gops-bump-

stock-ruse-nutter/index.html.

Stroebe, Wolfgang. “Firearm Availability and Violent Death: The Need for a Culture Change in Attitudes toward Guns”, Analysis of Social Issues and Public

Policy,vol.16,no.1, Dec. 2016, p.7-

35,https://www.wendangku.net/doc/c512317184.html,/doi/10.1111/asap.12100/full.

Woldoff, Rachael A. Litchfield, Robert C. Sycafoose, Angela. “Unpacking Heat: Dueling Identities and Complex Views on Gun Control among Rural Police”, Rural

Sociology, vol.82, no.3, Sep. 2017, p.444-472,

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/c512317184.html,/doi/10.1111/ruso.12142/full.

英文summary写作范例

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英文Summary写作方法、范例及常用句式

摘要是对一篇文章的主题思想的简单陈述。它用最简洁的语言概括了原文的主题。写摘要主要包括三个步骤:(1)阅读;(2)写作;(3)修改成文。 第一步:阅读 A.认真阅读给定的原文材料。如果一遍不能理解,就多读两遍。阅读次数越多,你对原文的理解就越深刻。 B.给摘要起一个标题。用那些能概括文章主题思想的单词、短语或短句子作为标题。也可以采用文中的主题句作为标题。主题句往往出现在文章的开头或结尾。一个好标题有助于确定文章的中心思想。C.现在,就该决定原文中哪些部分重要,哪些部分次重要了。对重要部分的主要观点进行概括。 D.简要地记下主要观点——主题、标题、细节等你认为对概括摘要重要的东西。 第二步:动手写作 A. 摘要应该只有原文的三分之一或四分之一长。因此首先数一下原文的字数,然后除以三,得到一个数字。摘要的字数可以少于这个数字,但是千万不能超过这个数字。 B. 摘要应全部用自己的话完成。不要引用原文的句子。 C. 应该遵循原文的逻辑顺序。这样你就不必重新组织观点、事实。 D. 摘要必须全面、清晰地表明原文所载的信息,以便你的读者不需翻阅原文就可以完全掌握材料的原意。 1 / 19

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大学英语作文范文.

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一篇英语summary范文英语Summary写

一篇英语summary范文英语Summary写第一步:阅读 A.认真阅读给定的原文材料。如果一遍不能理解,就多读两遍。阅读次数越多,你对原文的理解就越深刻。 B.给摘要起一个标题。用那些能概括文章主题思想的单词、短语或短句子作为标题。也可以采用文中的主题句作为标题。主题句往往出现在文章的开头或结尾。一个好标题有助于确定文章的中心思想。 C.现在,就该决定原文中哪些部分重要,哪些部分次重要了。对重要部分的主要观点进行概括。 D.简要地记下主要观点——主题、标题、细节等你认为对概括摘要重要的东西。 第二步:动手写作 A. 摘要应该只有原文的三分之一或四分之一长。因此首先数一下原文的字数,然后除以三,得到一个数字。摘要的字数可以少于这个数字,但是千万不能超过这个数字。

B. 摘要应全部用自己的话完成。不要引用原文的句子。 C. 应该遵循原文的逻辑顺序。这样你就不必重新组织观点、事实。 D. 摘要必须全面、清晰地表明原文所载的信息,以便你的读者不需翻阅原文就可以完全掌握材料的原意。 E. 写摘要时可以采用下列几种小技巧: 1) 删除细节。只保留主要观点。 2) 选择一至两个例子。原文中可能包括5个或更多的例子,你只需从中筛选一至二个例子。 3) 把长段的描述变成短小、简单的句子。如果材料中描述某人或某事用了十个句子,那么你只要把它们变成一两句即可。 4) 避免重复。在原文中,为了强调某个主题,可能会重复论证说明。但是这在摘要中是不能使用的。应该删除那些突出强调的重述句。

5) 压缩长的句子。如下列两例: “His courage in battle might without exaggeration be called lion-like.” 可以概括为:”He was very brave in battle.” “He was hard up for money and was being pressed by his creditor.”可以概括为:“He was in financial difficulties.” 6) 你还可以使用词组代替整句或者从句。请看下面的例子: “Beautiful mountains like Mount Tai, Lushan Mountain, and Mount Huang, were visited by only a few people in the past. Today, better wages, holidays with pay, new hotels on these mountains, and better train and bus services, have brought them within reach of many who never thought of visiting them ten years ago.”

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