高考英语完形填空词义辨析题

词义辨析要点

[要点巩固]

词义辨析考查的面广，该内容也是英语学习中的一个难题，欲觅简明准确的解释并非易事，考生在学习时首先应掌握其基本意思，再结合特定的语境进行比较。有鉴于此，我们将在教学中所积累的并结合高考试题，给考生提供中学英语中常见的同义词（语），易混词（语）及相似句型等方面的指点。英语中的同义词（语），易混词（语）及相似句型之间的区别，有的属英汉语意差别，有的属不同搭配表达意义不同，有的属搭配不同表达意义相同，有的属语气轻重有别，有的则属搭配范围和习惯不同等等。因此我们只能把重点放在中学英语学习过程中常见的易混、易错之处，不求面面俱到，只求对症下药，说清为止。

[例题剖析]

例1

2. Jim passed the driving test, ______ surprised everyone in the office.

A. which

B. that

C. this

D. it

剖析：该题为非限制性定语从句，that不能引导非限制性定语从句，故用which .正确答案为

A.

3.The president spoke at the business meeting for nearly an hour without _____ his notes.

A. bring up

B. referring to

C. looking for

D. trying on

剖析：此题考查短语动词的区别，这四个短语的基本意义为：bring up“养育、提出;吐出”，refer to“论及、说到、谈到、提及；参考、参阅、参照”，look for“寻找、寻求” try on“试穿，试戴”，根据题义：“经理在商务会议上讲了一个小时没看讲稿”。应选B。

6.--- Ow! I’ve b urnt myself!

--- I _____ a hot pot.

A. touched

B. kept

C. felt

D. held

剖析：touch“触摸”，keep “保持” feel “感觉” hold“拿着”，所给的语境是“烫伤”故选A，因为触摸，才可能烫伤。

7.The old tower must be saved, _______ the cost.

A. however

B. whatever

C. whichever

D. wherever

剖析：题义：“无论什么样的代价，这座古塔一定要拯救。”whatever可表示, “无论什么”whichever“无论哪个”。

9.The World Wide Web is sometimes jokingly called the World Wide Wait because it _______ be very slow.

A. should

B. must

C. will

D. can

剖析：此题考查情态动词，should“应该”,must “一定”，will“将会、总是”，can“可能”，根据题义“…… 因为有时可能会很慢。”故选D。

10.---People should stop using their cars and start using public transport.

---_______ .The roads are too crowed as it is.

A. All right

B. Exactly

C. Go ahead

D. Fine

剖析：此题考查交际用语在一定语境中的应用。all right“不错，好啊”，exactly“（用于对

答）正是、一点不错”，go ahead“前进，（催促对方）先请”，fine“好的、棒的”，根据题义，表示对对方所说的完全同意，“一点不错，正是”之意，故选B。

13.My mother always gets a bit ______ if we don’t arrive when we say we will.

A. anxious

B. ashamed

C. weak

D. patient

剖析：题义“如果我们没有在我们所说的时间到达，父母就会着急。”故选：A

16.I am sure David will be able to find the library--- he has a pretty good _____ of direction.

A. idea

B. feeling

C. experience

D. sense

剖析：idea “主意、想法”，feeling“感觉、情感”，experience“经历、经验”，sense“感觉、辨别力、判断力”，a good se nse of direction“方向感很强”。故选D。

19.I couldn’t ______. The line was busy.

A. go by

B. go around

C. get in

D. get through

剖析：此题考查短语动词的区别。go by“走过、流逝”，go around“四处走走”，get in“进入、收集”get through（用于电话等）联络到”。从下句“线路很忙”，故选D。

20.We’ve been looking at houses but haven’t found _______ we like yet.

A. one

B. ones

C. it

D. them

剖析：此题考查代词的区别。题义“我们一直在看房子，但还没找到我们所喜欢的一套（房子）。答案为A,此处的one相当于a house，而ones相当于houses，it和them应指上文提到的同类同物。又如: Meeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment,_______ I will always treasure. ( NMET 35)

A. that

B. one

C. it

D. what

答案为one 相当于a moment。意为：“．．．．．．，我将永远珍惜的时刻”。

例2.

22. No one helped me. I did it all ____ myself.

A. for

B. by

C. from

D. to

剖析：考查介词的区别。根据题义“没人帮助我，我独自做的”。by oneself“独自地”，for oneself“替/ 为自己”。故选B。

23. Mary wrote an article on _____ the team had failed to win the game.

A. why

B. what

C. who

D. that

剖析：“Mary写了一篇关于为什么球队没有获胜的文章”。故选A。

25. We haven’t enough books for ______; some of you will have to share.

A. somebody

B. anybody

C. everybody

D. nobody

剖析：“我们没有给每人一本这么多的书，有些只能共同使用。”everyone与否定词not连用表示部分否定，“并非都……”。故选C。另外all, both, always, every以及every构成的复合不定代词等，与not连用也表示部分否定。

26. Tom, you_____ leave all your clothes on the floor like this.

A. wouldn’t

B. mustn’t

C. needn’t

D. may not

剖析：答案为B。此题为情态动词的否定式。wouldn’t“不会”，mustn’t“不准、不得”，needn’t“不必”，may not“不可以”。

27.They wanted to charge $ 5,000 for the car, ____ we managed to bring the price down.

A. but

B. so

C. when

D. since

剖析：此题为连词，根据题义表示转折，故选A。

31.---Oh, dear! I’ve just broken a window.

--- ______. It can’t be helped.

A. Never mind

B. All right

C. That’s fine

D. Not at all

剖析：此题为交际用语的区别。Never mind“不要紧、没关系”，All right（表示同意）“好、可以”，That’s fine“很好”，Not at all（用来回答thank you）表示“不用谢”。故选A。( It can’t be helped.= We must accept it.你已经把它打碎了，没办法弥补了。)

[实战演练]

选词填空

1. alone / lonely

①Let him _______.

②I shall have a companion in the house after all these _______ years.

答案: alone , lonely

辨析：alone可以用作形容词或副词，作形容词时，只能在句子中充当表语或宾语补足语，用来陈述“单独一人，无其他人”这样一个事实。lonely只能用作形容词，在句子中充当表语或定语，指人时，作“孤独的、寂寞的”解；指地方时作“荒凉的、人迹稀少的”解。

2. accept / receive

Mary _______ a gift from a friend, but she didn’t seem to ________ it.

答案: received, accept

辨析：accept表示主观上“乐意接受”；receive 表示客观上“收到某物”。但receive education （接受教育）, receive guests（接见客人）。

3. means / way / method

①Thoughts are expressed by ________ of speech.

②He always speaks in a careless ________.

③He worked out the maths problem with a different ________.

答案：means, way, method

辨析：这三个词都可以解释为“方法、方式、手段”。means前用介词by；其后用of+名词或动词的-ing形式。way作“方法”讲时，前面可用介词in。method一般指“（系统的）一套方法或方式”，前面用介词with.

4.other / others / the other / the others / another

①We study Chinese, maths, English and ________ lessons.

②I don’t want this one. Please give me ________.

③She has two children. One is a boy, ________ is a girl.

④Some are singing and dancing, some are drawing,and________ are climbing the hill.

⑤There are fifty-five students in our class. Thirty of us are girls. ____ are boys.

答案：other; another; the other; others; The others

辨析：other作前置定语，修饰单数或复数名词。another用于泛指三者以上的不定数目中的“另一个”。the other表示两者中的“另一个”或两部分中的“另一部分”，是特指。others用作代词，泛指“其他人”或“其它物”。the others指整体中除去一部分后，剩余的全部。

5.instead / instead of

①If you are too busy, you may come another day ________.

②If you have no time, I’ll go ________ you.

答案：instead; instead of

辨析：instead是副词，意思是“代替，顶替”，通常被放在句尾，也可放在句首。instead of是介词词组，意思除了“代替”外还有“而不是”之意。

6.occur / happen / take place

①An idea suddenly ________ to me.

②The car accident ________ yesterday.

③I ________ to be out when you came here.

④Great changes have ________ in my home town.

答案：occurred; happened/occurred; happened; taken place

辨析：occur属较正式的用语。它可指一件偶然事件的“发生”；也可指在一定的时间“发生”、“出现”一定的事件，它还可以表示抽象事物，如思想等的“产生”，其后接to sb.时，常作“想起”、“想到”解。happen属普通用语，常用来表示偶然事件的“发生”。其后接不定式或用在“It happened that…”句型中的时候，作“恰好”、“碰巧”、“偶然”解。take place也作“发生”解，但一般没有偶然的意味。它更常用来指一个预先安排好的事情的“发生”，常作“举行”解。

7.wish / hope

①I _______it will be fine tomorrow.

②I _______you success.

③I _______it would be fine tomorrow.

④He sent me an e-mail, _______to get further information.

答案：hope; wish; wish; hoping

辨析：这两个词使用的句型不同（如①②）。hope所表示的愿望一般可以实现，wish所表示的愿望实现的可能性不大。wish 接从句时用虚拟语气。

8.include / contain

①The price _______ the postage.

②The parcel _______a dictionary.

答案：includes; contained

辨析：两者均有“包含”、“包括”之意。但include表示所包含之物中的一部分；contain指所包含之物的全部或部分，也可表示某一种物质中含有什么成分。

9.damage / destroy

①Don’t do anything that _______the relation between the two countries.

②In 1941,the Germans tried to _______the city of St.Petersburg.

答案：damages; destroy

辨析：damage意为“损害”、“损坏”，其破坏程度比destroy小；destroy意为“摧毁”、“毁坏”、“破坏”，含有彻底或严重毁坏，以至不复存在、无法修复、无法工作或使用之意。

10.worth / worthy

①-How much is this old book _______?

-It’s worth $30.

②Is this book _______reading once again?

③This book is _______of being read.

答案：worth; worth; worthy

辨析：worth只作表语，其后一般跟名词或动名词，若跟不定式或动名词作主语，用“It is worthwhile to do/doing”结构；worthy可作表语或定语，作表语时，其后可跟“of+名词或doing 的被动形式或不定式的被动形式”，作定语是，意为“有价值的，可敬的，相称的”。

11.believe / believe in

①I _______what he said.

②They _______God.

答案：believe; believe in

辨析：believe作及物动词是，其后可跟名词，表示“相信”；后接从句或复合宾语时，表示“认为；料想；相信”等。believe in是一个动介型短语动词，表示“信奉；信仰（指对某种思想、主张、观念、行动具有信心）”和“信任（have trust in）”。

12.cost / pay / spend / take

①The furniture ______(me) 6,000 yuan altogether.

②Careless driving may ______you your life.

③I ______ $15 for the dictionary.

④How much (What) do you _______on clothes each year?

⑤It _______(us) a whole day to paint the house.

答案：cost; cost; paid; spend; took

辨析：cost“价值为，值（钱）”，以物作主语，可跟双宾语或只跟直接宾语。pay“花费，支付（金钱）”，同spend一样以人作主语，但常与for, to do搭配，其后可跟宾语、单宾语或不跟宾语。spend“花费（金钱）”，与on, for连用，义同pay for;“花费（时间）”，与on,(in)doing 连用；“度过（时光）”。take“需要，必要”，常以（做）某事为主语，以时间做宾语或跟双宾语，常用在“It takes sb some time to do sth.”的句型中。

13.besides / except / but / except for

①Your composition was well written _______a few spelling mistakes.

②She helps to cook and wash _______looking after the baby.

③He has done everything _______what I asked him to do.

④No one knows Mr. Benson’s address _______his daughter.

⑤We go to the night club _______it is raining.

答案：except for; besides; except; except /but; except when

辨析：but和except都表示“除……之外，没有”，两者大多数情况下可以互换，但在no, all, nobody, nothing, no one等词后多用but。except表示从整体上减去一部分，而besides还包括除去的那部分，相当于in addition to。except for意为“除了……之外”，用于排除非同类事物，其中for表示理由或细节，订正或修正某些事实。except that用做连词，后跟从句，根据从句的需要也可用except when, except where等。

14.raise / rise / lift

①She _______and left.

②He _______his voice to make himself heard clearly.

③The rock is too heavy to _______.

答案：rose; raised; lift

辨析：raise是及物动词，意为“举起，抬起”，是lift的同义词，两者有时可以互换，只是lift 比raise更口语化，更强调提重物时的费力情况，多指将某物举成垂直状态。rise 意为“升起，提高，起立”，是不及物动词，主语是人时，表示站起来；主语物时，表示某物本身移动到较高的位置或是由底向高变化的过程。

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/c517907446.html,mon / ordinary / general

①Clods are _______in winter.

②His _______supper consists of only bread and milk.

③This book is intended for the _______reader, not for the specialist.

答案：common; ordinary; general

辨析：common强调“常见的，不足为奇的”。ordinary强调“平常的，平淡无奇的”。general 意为“普通的，一般的”。

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/c517907446.html,y / lie

①You can _______your coat on the bed.

②These eggs were not _______by hens but by geese.

③By studying we are _______ a foundation for the future.

④He _______in the bed with a bad cold yesterday.

⑤He _______to his father about the amount of money he had spent.

答案：lay; laid; laying; lay; lied

辨析：lay用作及物动词，表示小心地“放下”、“放平”的意思，还可以引申表示“铺设”、“设置”、“砌（砖）”、“产（卵）”、“下（蛋）”、“奠定（基础）”等意思，其过去式、过去分词、现在分词分别是laid, laid, laying。lie是不及物动词，当表示“躺下”、“平躺”、“位于”、“在于”等意思时，其过去式、过去分词、现在分词分别是lay, lain, lying；当表示“说谎”、“撒谎”，其后常接to sb. (about sth.),过去式、过去分词、现在分词分别是lied, lied, lying。

17.one / that / the one

①His attitude to me was _______of a comrade.

②I’m looking for a house and I like _______with a garden.

③I like this book better than _______I read last time.

答案：that; one; the one

辨析：one和that均可替代前面提到过的名词，that强调特指，且常用of连接后置定语，相当于“the+名词”；one 用于泛指，带有前置定语，相当“a(n)+名词;the one用来替代同类事物中特指的另一个，that的复数形式为those，而one的复数形式是ones。另外不可数名词用that来代替。

高考英语真题词义辨析(优选.)

最新文件---------------- 仅供参考--------------------已改成-----------word文本 --------------------- 方便更改 高考英语真题词义辨析 1.What was so ______ about Jasmine Westland’s victory was that she came first in the marathon bare-footed. A. awful B. essential C. impressive D. obvious 2.The old rules have to be ______ because they only applied to the circumstances that existed when they were made a hundred years ago. A. developed B. established C. observed D. revised 3.My good performance in the job interview left me about my future and about what I can do here. A. puzzled B. sensitive C. optimistic D. embarrassed 4.In an attempt to save money, some housewives like to go from shop to shop to search for real _______. A comments B. champions C. bargains D. traditions 5.Her ______ for writing was a desire for women to get the right to higher education. A. motivation B. qualification C. talent D. technique 6.Hardly had Sabrina finished her words when Albert said ______, “Don’t be so mean,” po inting a finger of warning at her. A. dreadfully B. guiltily C. indirectly D. sharply 7.Instead of blaming the child who had broken the vase, she gave him a ______ smile and let him go. A. cautious B. grateful C. tolerant D. wild 8.Legend has it that the origin of the Dragon Boat Festival is to the soul of Qu Yuan. A. remember B. remind C. recover D. recall 9.Top graduates from universities are ______ by major companies. A. chased B. registered C. offered D. compensate

高考英语阅读理解词义猜测题附答案

III词义猜测 【命题特点】考查根据上下文推测生词和短语的能力,突出考查对语境的分析和把握的能力。【常见考法】 1. The underlined word “…”probably means____. 2. The word “…”used in paragraph “…”refers to/suggests____. 3. The phrase “…”in the sentence can be replaced by ____. 4. Which of the following is the cl osest in meaning to the word “…”? 5. What is the meaning of the underlined word in paragraph “…”? 6. By saying “…”, we mean_____. 7. What do you think of the expression “…”stands for? 8. The meaning of word “…”in the passage is related to_____. 一．通过定义或解释推测语义 有些概念性生词出现后，作者会给出它的定义、同位语、修饰性从句或是定语。这些修饰成分可以帮助我们推断出生词的语义 （1）定义句的谓语动词在文中多为：be, mean, deal with, be considered to be, refer to, be called, be known as, define（下定义）, represent, signify（表示，表明）, constitute（指。。）等。 （2）解释则常用as you know, to be called, to mean, to refer to, that is（to say）, in other words, namely 等词语以及同位语和定语从句来提示下文将前面的信息加以重复或解释。 （3）有时作者会用复述的形式来解释语义，而复述部分可以是词、短语或从句。 （4）还有下一些标点符号，如冒号、破折号、括号等都表示后文要继续解释说明前文。eg. 1. The powerful poison was imperceptible when mixed in liquid, that is, it could not be tasted, seen, or smelled. (无法察觉的，感觉不到的) 2. The Greek marriage was monogamous-----men and women were allowed only one spouse （配偶） at a time. （一夫一妻制） Exercises: 1. Pantomime refers to a short play in which no words are spoken. ____默剧，哑剧_______ 2. Anthropology is the scientific study of man. _____人类学______ 3. We will meet you in the foyer, the entrance hall of the theatre. ____门厅_______ 4. He began to shave his whiskers, which had grown thick on both cheeks（脸颊）. ___胡须______ 5. Some computer scientists are developing artificial-intelligence machines that they say will think like people. ____人工智能_______ Test1 There is no cure（治愈）for Alzheimer’s. But a drug called ARICEPT has been used by millions of people to help their symptoms（症状）. 61. What is ARICEPT？（C） A. A medicine to cure Alzheimer’s B. A medicine to delay signs of aging. C. A medicine to reduce the symptoms of Alzheimer’s. D. A medicine to cure brain damage. Test 2 Here is The Pines, whose cook has developed a special way of mixing foreign food such as caribou, wild boar and reindeer with surprising sauces. （1）According to the passage, The Pines is a ______. （D） A. place in which you can see many mobile homes

高考英语完形填空高频词汇整理完整版

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