大学英语精读单词表第三册

Unit 1
NEW WORDS
brush
n. brief fight or encounter 小冲突；小接触

process
n. course; method, esp. one used in manufacture 过程；制作法

arbitrary
a. based on one's own opinion only, not on reason 任意的；武断的

circumstance
n. (usu. pl.) conditions, facts, etc. connected with an event or person 情况，环境

subsequent
a. following, later 随后的，接下去的

fate
n. what will happen or happened to sb. or sth. 命运

due
a. expected; supposed (to) 预期的；约定的；到期的

temporary
a. lasting only for a limited time 暂时的

stroll
a. walk at leisure 散步，闲逛

obvious
a. easily seen or understood; clear 明显的，显而易见的

downfall
n. ruin 垮台；衰落

employment
n. one's regular work or occupation; job 职业；工作

wander
vi. move about without a purpose 闲逛；漫游

commit
vt. do (sth. wrong, bad, or unlawful)干（坏事），犯（错误、罪）

arrestable
a. deserving to be arrested

offence (AmE offense)
n. crime; the hurting of feelings; something unpleasant 罪行；冒犯；不愉快的事

straight face
a face or expression that shows no emotion, humor, or thought 板着的脸
petty
a. small; unimportant 小的；不足道的

doorstep
n. a step in front of a door

regard
vt. consider in the stated way 把……看作；把认为(as)

counterculture
n. a culture, esp. of the young who oppose the traditional standards and customs of their society 反主流文化

unconcerned
a. not worried; untroubled; indifferent 无忧虑的；淡漠的

casual
a. careless; informal 漫不经心的，随便的

conversational
a. of or commonly used in talking 会话（用）的

confirm
vt. make certain; support 证实，肯定；确定

belief
n. something believed; trust 相信；信念；信仰

thoroughly
ad. completely; in every way 完全地，彻底地

thorough a.

disreputable
a. having or showing a bad character; having a bad name 声名狼籍的

worldly
a. experienced in the ways of society 老于世故的

au fait
a. (F) familiar 熟悉的；精通的

aha
int. a cry of surprise, satisfaction, etc. 啊哈！

magistrate
n. civil officer acting as a judge in the lowest courts 地方法官

conduct
vt. direct the course of; manage 处理；主持；引导；指挥

defence (AmE defense)
n. the act of defending in court the person who has been charged 辨护

solicitor
n. (esp. in Britain) lawyer who advises clients on legal matters and speaks on their behalf in lower courts （初级）律师

witness
n. a person who gives evidence in a court of law; sth. serving as evidence or proof 证人；证据

trial
n. the act or fact of examining and deciding a civil or criminal cas

e by a law court 审判

dismiss
vt. (of a judge) stop (a court case) 驳回，对……不予受理

cost
n. (pl.) the cost of having a matter settled in a law court. esp. that paid to the winning party by the losing party 诉讼费

award
vt. give by a decision in court of law; give or grant by an official decision 判给；授予

accent
n. way of speaking typical of the natives or residents of a region, or of any other group 口音；腔调

respectable
a. deserving respect 值得尊敬的

reliable
a. that may be relied or depended upon 可靠的，可信赖的

given
prep. taking into account; if allowed or provided with 考虑到；假定

obscure
a. not clearly seen or understood 模糊的；晦涩的

guilty
a. having broken a law; showing or feeling that one has done wrong 有罪的；内疚的

revolve
v. (cause to) go round in a circle （使）旋转

brilliant
a. causing great admiration or satisfaction; splendid 辉煌的；卓越的

courtroom
n. a room where a law court is held 审判室

meanwhile
ad. during the same period of time 同时

gloomily
ad. depressedly, dejectedly 忧郁地；沮丧地

complain
vi. speak in an unhappy, annoyed, dissatisfied way 抱怨

complaint n.

reproachfully
ad. 责备地

presumably
ad. probably

outrage
vt. arouse anger or resentment by injury or insult 引起……的气愤

successful
a. having done what one has tried to do; having gained a high position in life, one's job. etc. 成功的；有成就的

apologize
vi. say one is sorry 道歉，谢罪

apology n.

PHRASES & EXPRESSIONS
take sb. to court
start an action in law against sb. 对某人提出诉讼

a couple of
(informal) a small number of, a few, usually two 少数，几（个）； 一对

save up
keep for future use; put money away in the form of savings 储蓄

take one's time
do sth. in a leisurely manner; not hurry 慢慢来，不着急

at first
at the beginning 起先

turn out
prove to be 结果；证明是

call on
ask (sb.) to do sth. esp. formally 要求

stand a chance
have an opportunity; be likely to do or get sth. 有机会，有希望

revolve around
have as a center or main subject

turn against
(cause to) oppose, be hostile to

Unit 2
NEW WORDS
tell
v. act as an informer 告发

Yankee
n. (in the Civil War) a native of any of the northern states; a citizen of the U.S. 北方佬；美国佬

great-aunt
n. an aunt of one's father or mother; sister of one's grandfather or grandmother

civil
a. 国内的； 民间的

Confederate
a. of or belonging to the Confederacy 南部邦联的

capture
vt. make a prisoner of; seize 俘虏；夺得

unknown
a. whose name, nature, or origin is not known

form

er
a. of an earlier period 以前的

farmhouse
n. the main house on a farm, where a farmer lives

groan
n. a sound made in a deep voice that expresses suffering, grief or disapproval 呻吟（声）

attic
n. the space just under the roof of a house, esp. that made into a low small room 阁楼

Union, the
n. those states that supported the Federal government of the U.S. during the Civil War; the U.S.A. （美国南北战争期间的）联邦政府；美国
a. of or having to do with the Union

rifle
n. 步枪

awful
a. terrible; very bad

bandage
n. a narrow long piece of material, esp. cloth, for binding a wound or injury 绷带

dreadful
a. very unpleasant or shocking; terrible

bugle
n. a musical wind instrument usually made of brass, used chiefly for military signals 军号，喇叭

filth
n. disgusting dirt 污秽

futility
n. uselessness

futile a.

lean
vi. support or rest oneself in a bent position 靠，倚

establish
vt. find out or make certain of (a fact, answer, etc.), prove 确立，证实

identity
n. who or what a particular person or thing is 身份
identical
a. 同一的；完全相同的确良
Lt.
abbr. lieutenant 陆军中尉

company
n. 连

volunteer
n. person who joins the army, navy, or air force of his own free will 志愿兵

presence
n. being present in a place

skillfully
ad. in a skillful manner 灵巧地，娴熟地

skillful
a. having or showing skill

fan
vt. 扇，扇动；激起

spark
n. 火花

flicker
vi. burn unsteadily; shine with an unsteady light

drug
n. a medicine or substance used for medical purposes

supply
n. (pl.) the food, equipment, etc. necessary for an army, expedition or the like 补给品

pray
vi. 祈祷

valley
n. a stretch of land between hills or mountains; the land through which a stated river or great river system flows 山谷；流域

infection
n. 感染；传染

infect vt.

flare
vi. burn with a bright, unsteady flame （火焰）闪耀

loft
n. a room under the roof of a building, attic 阁楼

ferry
n. 渡口；渡船

headquarters
n. (used with a sing. or pl. v. ) the place from which the chief of a police force or the commanding officer of an army sends out orders 司令部

proof
n. evidence showing that sth. is true 证据

bear
vt. show; have

seal
n. 印，图章

item
n. a single thing among a set, esp. included in a list 条；项

commanding
a. having command; in charge

commanding officer
指挥官

command
vt. 指挥

Gen.
abbr. general 将军

madam
n. respectful form of address to a woman (whether married or unmarried)夫人，太太，女士，小姐

risk
vt. endanger; take the chance of

patrol
n. a small group of

soldiers, vehicles, etc. sent out to search for the enemy, or to protect a place from the enemy 巡逻队

junior
a. younger or lower in rank than another

hobble
vi. walk awkwardly; limp 跛行；蹒跚

crutch
n. support used under the arm to help a lame person to walk 拐杖

wagon
n. four-wheeled vehicle for carrying goods, pulled by horses or oxen 四轮运货马（牛）车

hitch
vt. fasten with a hook, ring, rope, etc. 钩住，拴住，套住

mare
n. female horse or donkey

alongside
prep. close to; along the side of

mule
n. an animal that has a donkey and a horse as parents 骡

disaster
n. a great or sudden misfortune; terrible accident

line
n. a row of defence works, esp. that nearest the enemy 战线，防线

horseman
n. a person who rides a horse, esp. one who is skilled

pistol
n. handgun 手枪

crack
v. (cause to) make a sudden explosive sound （使）发出爆裂声

sprawl
vi. lie or sit with hands and feet spread out, esp. ungracefully

lower
vt. move or let down in height 放下；放低

secretary
vt. an official who takes charge of a governmental department; an employee in an office, who is in charge of correspondence, records, making appointments, etc. 部长，大臣；秘书

ragged
a. (of a person ) dressed in old torn clothes; (of clothes) old an torn 衣衫褴褛的；破旧的

parade
vt. cause to walk in an informal procession for the purpose of being looked at; cause to march in procession 使列队行进
n. 游行；检阅

chill
v. (cause to) have a feeling of cold as from fear; (cause to ) become cold, esp. without freezing （使）感到冷；（使）冷

fort
n. 要塞，堡垒

stumble
vi. walk or move in an unsteady way; strike the foot against sth. and almost fall
stream
vi. flow fast and strongly; pour out

PHRASES & EXPRESSIONS
take prisoner
capture and hold as a prisoner, esp. as a prisoner of war 俘虏

flare up
break out or intensify suddenly or violently; burst into bright flame or rage 突发；加剧；突然发光；突然发怒

write out
write in full, write (sth. formal)

brush aside
disregard, ignore 不理；漠视

bring through
save (sb.) from (an illness, etc.)

Unit 3
NEW WORDS
administrative
a. of the management of affairs 行政的，管理的

administration
n. 管理（部门），行政（机关）

puzzle
vt. fill with doubt and confusion 使迷惑

step (-) up
n. promotion; increase in size, speed, etc.
mechanic
n. skilled workman, esp. one who uses or repairs machines and tools 机械工；机修工

sweaty
a. covered with sweat, sweating

palm
a. 手掌

profession
n. occupation, esp. one requiring special training, such as law, medicine, or teaching

convince
vt. make (sb.)

feel certain; cause (sb.) to realize

compel
vt. force (sb. or sth. to do sth.)

pace
n. rate or speed of development, or in walking, etc. 速度；步速

calendar
n. 日程表，日历

opportunity
n. favourable occasion or chance

reflection
n. careful thinking; consideration 深思；考虑

reflect vi.

stimulate
vt. encourage; excite 刺激；激励

freshman
n. student in his first year at a college or university

failure
n. a person, attempt, or thing that fails; lack of success

ivory
n. 象牙

ivory tower
n. place or condition of retreat from the world of action into a world of ideas and dreams 象牙塔

self-reliance
n. ability to do things and make decisions by oneself 依靠自己；自力更生

reliance
n. trust, confidence; dependence 信赖；信心；依靠

technological
a. of or related to technology 技术的

corporation
n. (AmE) 有限公司

run-down
a. old and broken or in bad condition

renovate
vt. restore (old buildings, oil paintings, etc.) to a former, better state 修复，修整

semester
n. (AmE) either of the two periods into which a school year is divided; term 学期

repay
vt. pay back (money, etc.)

loan
n. sth. lent, esp. a sum of money 借出的东西；贷款

distribute
vt. divide among several or many; give or send out 分发；分送

distribution n.

variety
n. difference in quality, type or character; a number of or a collection of different things 变化，多样化；种种

challenge
n. the quality of demanding competitive action, interest, or though 挑战

doctoral
a. having to do with the university degree of doctor 博士的

energetic
a. vigorous 精力充沛

dissertation
n. （学位）论文

poet
n. one who writes poetry

learned
a. showing or requiring much knowledge 博学的

journal
n. magazine or daily newspaper 杂志；日报

occasional
a. happening from time to time, not regular 偶尔的，间或的

nudge
n. (fig.) words, actions or feeling that stimulate 启示
vt. push or touch slightly, esp. with the elbow to attract attention; (fig.) stimulate

fellowship
n. position or a sum of money granted to a person for advanced study or research 研究员职位；研究员薪金

switch
vt. change or shift; turn

urban
a. of a town or city

civil rights
n. the rights of a citizen without regard to his race, religion, sex, etc. 公民权

lawyer
n. person who practises law 律师

intuition
n. (power of) the immediate understanding of truths, events, facts without reasoning 直觉

analysis
n. the separation of a substance into parts for careful examination and study 分析

creation
n. act of creating; sth. created 创造（物）

clay
n. 粘士

point
n. mai

n idea or purpose 要点；意义，目的

pathway
n. path

rare
a. unusually good; distinctive 稀有的；杰出的

magic
n. mysterious charm; strange influence or power; art of obtaining mysterious results by tricks 魔力；魔术

PHRASES & EXPRESSIONS
stay up
not go to bed until after the usual time 不睡觉，熬夜

take notes
记笔记

build on
base on; use as a base for further development

keep a diary
记日记

leave out
fail to mention or include; omit

send off
post; dispatch

work at/ on
give one's attention to doing or trying to do

catch one's breath
rest and get back one's normal breath, as after running; stop breathing for a moment from surprise, fear, shock, etc.


Unit 4

NEW WRODS
hermit
n. person who avoids other people and lives alone 隐士

shift
vi. move from one place, position, etc. to another 转移，移动

vagrant
n. person who lives a wandering life with no steady home or work 流浪者

appetite
n. desire or wish, esp. for food 食欲，胃口

attract
vt. draw towards oneself 吸引

attraction n.

attractive a.

peculiar
a. unusual; strange 奇特的；奇怪的

populace
n. population; the common people

lone
a. without other people or things 孤独的

isolate
vt. separate from others 使隔离，使孤立

mistrustful
a. lacking confidence or trust

shopping-bag
n. 购物袋

huddle
vi. crowd together 挤作一团

warmth
n. the state or quality of being warm

companionship
n. 伴侣关系，友谊；一群伙伴

companion n.

bum
n. wandering beggar 游民，叫化子

keen
a. eager, anxious to do things 热心的，渴望的

conventional
a. following accepted practices, customs, and standards 习俗的，寻常的

convention
v. 习俗，惯例

sociologist
n. a person who studies societies and human behavior in groups 社会学家

neighborhood
n. a group of people and their homes forming a small area within a larger place 街坊，四邻

inexplicably
ad. in a way not capable of explanation

leftovers
n. (used with a pl, v.) food remaining uneaten after a meal

garbage
n. waste material; rubbish; scraps of food to be thrown away

garbage can
dustbin 垃圾桶

resident
n. person living in a place permanently, not just a visitor 居民

slip
vt. give or pay secretly 悄悄给

overtly
ad. publicly 公开地

collection
n. the gathering of money at a religious service; money collected 募捐；募金

collection box
a box for the collection of money, esp. one passed from hand to hand in church 奉献箱

doorway
n. 门口；门道

morally
ad. with regard to right behavior 道德上

category
n. class 种类

claim
vt. de

clare to be true; ask for as a right; take as a rightful owner 声称；要求；认领

constraint
n. sth. that limits one's freedom of action 拘束

rent
n. money paid regularly for the use of a room, building, or piece of land 租金
vt. pay at regular times for the use of (property)租用

payment
n. the amount of money (to be) paid

relief
n. help given to people in trouble 救济

quasi
a. half; seeming 半，准

anchor
n. 锚；依靠

layer
n. 层

stuff
vt. fill tightly with 把……塞满

protection
n. the act of protecting or the state of being protected

protective a.

cope
vi. deal successfully with a difficult situation 对付，应付

volunteer
vt. tell or say without being asked; make a willing offer 主动讲；自愿提供

voluntary a.

soup
n. 汤

communicative
a. ready and willing to talk or give information 愿意交谈的

communication
n. 交流；通讯

conversation
n. (an) informal talk 谈话

intrusion
n. coming unasked and unwanted (often suggesting rudeness and invasion of privacy)侵犯；打扰

rotten
a. having gone bad 腐烂的；腐朽的

considerate
a. thoughtful of the rights or feelings of others 体谅的

dental
a. of or for the teeth

wherever
conj. in, at, or to whatever place

fantasy
n. any strange mental image or illusion; wild imagination 怪念头；幻想

psychiatrist
n. doctor who treats mental and emotional disorders 精神病医生

loss
n. the act or example of losing sth.

escalator
n. 自动楼梯

priest
n. 牧师；教士；神父

lodging
n. a (temporary) place to live （临时）住所（使）暂住，（使）寄宿

entitle
vt. give the right to 给……以权利

disability
n. the condition of being unable to perform a task or function because of a physical or mental impairment 伤残

pension
n. regular payment made (by a government or a company) to sb. old, retired, or disabled 养老金；退休金；抚恤金

crate
n. a plastic or wooden tray divided into sections for carrying bottles of milk, beer, etc. 篮，篓，箱

nun
n. 修女；尼姑

shepherd
vt. take care of guide or direct (people) like sheep 看护；带领

better
vt. improve

PHRASES & EXPRESSIONS
keen on
interested in, fond of

on end
continuously 连续地

pass by
go past; pay no attention to 从……旁走过；忽视

turn away
refuse to allow (sb.) to enter 将……拒之门外

keep up
maintain; continue

once in a whole
sometimes; but not often 间或，偶尔

in general
in most cases; usually 通常

cope with
deal effectively with 善于处理

not matter how/what, etc.
however, whatever, etc.

at a loss
uncertain what to do or say; confuse

d 不知所措；因惑

be entitled to
have the right to

Unit 5

NEW WORDS

anticipation
n. expectation

anticipate
vt.

issue
n. 发行物（刊物的）一期

tuck
vt. put or push into a desired convenient position so as to hold tightly; draw together into a small space 塞（进）；卷（起）

bound
vi. move along quickly by jumping or leaping movements 跳跃

flip
v. turn or move quickly or with a jerk

tight
a. drawn, fixed or fastened together firmly 紧的，牢的
ad. firmly, closely

couch
n. a long comfortable seat with a back and arms on which more than one person may sit; sofa 长沙发椅

approach
v. come near or nearer(to)

cautiously
ad. very carefully 细心地，谨慎地

cautious a.

type
vt. write (sth.) with a typewriter

line
n. a row of words in a poem; a row of words on a page of writing or in print （诗、文的）一行

helpless
a. unable to look after oneself or take action to help others, powerless

assume
vt. take as true without actual proof; suppose 假设，主观认为

ranch
n. a very large farm for raising horses, cattle or sheep 大牧场，大农场

nursery
n. a place where small children are temporarily cared for 托儿所

day nursery
n. a place where small children are cared for during the day

training
n. the process of training or being trained; instruction

correspondence
n. the act of exchanging letters 通信

correspondence course
n. an educational course in which instruction and work are exchanged between the teacher and student by post 函授课程

formally
ad. according to proper rules or lawful forms 正式地

formal a.

qualify
vt. make fit or competent for a special purpose 使具有资格

enrol(l)ment
n. the number of people who have registered themselves as members of a school, a program, etc.; registering 注册人数，注册，登记

enrol(l)
v. 注册，登记

motel
n. a roadside hotel providing overnight lodging for motorists 汽车旅馆

frantic
a. wildly anxious, afraid, happy, etc.

acre
n. 英亩

addition
n. the act of adding 加，加法

full-time
a. occupying all normal working hours

typewriter
n. 打字机

keyboard
n. the set of keys on a typewriter, piano, etc. 键盘

junk
n. old useless things 破烂，垃圾

tap
n. a short light blow 轻叩

midnight
n. the middle of the night 午夜

ecstatic
a. marked by a state of overwhelming emotion, esp. great joy 欣喜若狂的

drawn
a. (of the face) looking very tired or worried or tense 憔悴的；紧张的

respond
vi. act in answer to the action of another; answer

dad
n. (colloq.) father

evenly
ad. calmly, peacefully

even a.

primarily
ad. mainly; chiefly

emba

rrassment
n. a feeling of shyness, shame or guilt

index
n. sign or indication 指数，指标

pressure
n. a constraining influence upon the mind （心理上的）压力

tension
n. (a feeling of) nervous anxiety, worry, on pressure 紧张

arrival
n. the act of arriving

rack
vt. shake violently 猛力摇动

vulnerability
n. being liable to be damaged or hurt 易受伤性；脆弱性

vulnerable a.

dry goods
(AmE) cloth, ribbons, laces, curtains and similar textile fabrics 织物尖商品

session
n. a meeting or period of time devoted to a particular activity 会议；（从事某项活动的）一段时间

journalist
n. a person whose profession is writing for, editing, or publishing newspaper or magazines, a reporter 新闻工作者，记者

memento
n. sth. which reminds one of a holiday, a friend, etc. 纪念品

cranky
a. (of a machine) shaky; malfunctioning 不稳的；有毛病的

PHRASES & EXPRESSIONS
have sth. to oneself
have sth. for one's own private use
at work
working; operating

catch on (to)
(informal) learn; understand 学会，懂得

set one's mind to (or on)
pull all one's efforts into doing (sth). 决心做

stand/be in sb's way
be in a position to delay or prevent someone from his intended actions 阻碍，妨碍

send away for
request (sth.) or order (goods) to be sent by post 函索

run out
come to an end; be used up 到期；用完，耗尽

in addition (to)
besides; as well (as)

help out
give help; help (sb.) at a time of need 帮助；帮助（某人）摆脱困境

on guard
ready to defend or protect; watchful 警惕，提防

in tears
crying

hold back
control; make (sth.) stay in place 抑制，阻止

go on
take place or happen

go ahead
make progress; advance

Unit 6
NEW WORDS

shiver
vi. shake, tremble, esp. from cold or fear 战栗，发抖

capsule
n. 胶囊（药）

instruction
n. (often pl.) advice on how to do sth.; order 用法说明；指示

instruct vt.

purgative
n. a medicine to produce bowel movements 泻药

acid
a. sour; marked by an abnormally high concentration of a sour substance 酸的；酸性物质过多的

germ
n. 病菌，细菌

influenza
n. a contagious disease which is like a bad cold but more serious 流行性感冒

epidemic
n.& a. (disease) spreading rapidly among many people in the same place for a time 流行病（的）

flu
n. (short for) influenza

pneumonia
n. a serious illness with inflammation of one or both lungs 肺炎

detached
a. indifferent; separate, not connected 超然的；冷漠的；分离的

detach vt.

pirate
n. a person who attacks and robs ships at sea 海盗

papa
n. father

lightheaded
a. unable to think clearly or move

steadily as during fever or after drinking alcohol; dizzy and faint 神志不清的；眩晕的

prescribe
vt. order or give(sth.) as a medicine or treatment for a sick person 开（药）

sleet
n. a mixture of rain and snow; rain that freezes as it falls 雨夹雪；冻雨

brush
n. rough low-growing bushes; small branches broken off from trees 矮灌木丛；断落的树枝

varnish
vt. cover (sth.) with a smooth appearance

Irish
a. 爱尔兰（人）的

setter
n. a type of dog with red hair; a hunting dog 塞特狗

creek
n. a small stream

glassy
a. like glass, esp. (of water) smooth and shining

slither
vi. slide unsteadily 不稳地滑动

slide
v. (cause to) move smoothly along a surface （使）滑动

flush
v. drive (birds) up from the trees or bushes so as to shoot; (of birds) fly up suddenly （使）（鸟）惊飞
(sides of the face) become rosy or reddened by a sudden flow of blood to the face （脸）发红

covey
n. a small flock or group (of small birds) 一小群（鸟）

quail (pl. quail or quails)
n. a kind of small bird, valued as food 鹌鹑

overhang
v. hang over or stand out over 悬于……之上，突出于……之上

light (lit or lighted)
vi. land and settle 停落

scatter
vi go off in all directions 散开

mound
n. small hill; a large pile of earth, stones, etc. 土墩

poise
vt. balance

unsteadily
ad. shakily

unsteady a.

icy
a. covered with ice; extremely cold

springy
a. flexible (as a spring moving up and down)有弹性的

commence
vt. start; begin

thermometer
n. a instrument for measuring and snowing temperature 温度计

absolutely
ad. completely; certainly

gaze
vi. look long and steadily 凝视

slack
a. not tense; relaxed 松弛的；放松的

PHRASES & EXPRESSIONS
bring down
reduce; cause to fall 减少，降低
be detached from
show no interest in, be indifferent to

would rather
would prefer to; would prefer that 宁愿

out of sight
unable to be seen

keep from
prevent oneself from (doing sth.); stop (doing sth.)

take it easy
not to work too hard; not to worry too much 不紧张，不急

hold tight onto oneself
keep firm control over oneself

Unit 7

HEW WORDS
shelter
n. (sth. that gives) cover or protection 掩蔽（处）

synopsis (pl. synopses)
n. summary or outline (of a book, play, etc.)提要，梗概

celebration
n. marking (of an event or a special occasion) with public or private rejoicings 庆祝

celebrate v.

midst
n. middle part
prep. amidst

missile
n. 导弹

afterwards
ad. later, after that

bomb
n. 炸弹

abridge
vt. make shorter by using fewer words 缩略，删节

grab
vt. take roughly, snatch eagerly

dialo

g(ue)
n. 对话，对白

portable
a. that can be easily carried or moved 手提式的

carry
vt. a person who reads news or introduces people on radio or television

employee
n. a person who is employed

civil defense
a civilian emergency program for protecting people and their property against enemy attacks or natural disaster 民防

post
n. place of duty岗位

design
vt. intend; make a drawing or patterns of (sth.) 设计

basement
n. a room or rooms in a house which are below street level 地下室

pool
vt. put (thing or money) together, esp. for common advantage 把……集中在一起（共用）

stuff
n. things in a mass; matter

chorus
n. sth. said or cried by many people at one time; song fro all to sing together 齐声说的话（或喊声）合唱

assent
n. agreement

entrance
n. gate, door, or other opening by which one enters 入口处

overtake
vt. catch up with 赶上

crazy
a. mad, foolish

accommodate
vt. have enough space for; provide with a room in which to live or stay 容纳；向……提供住宿

accommodation n.

plead
vi. make continual and deeply felt requests 恳求(used for expressing surprise or disapproval)

whirl
vi. move or travel rapidly; move quickly round and round 飞速移动；旋转

infant
n. child during the first few years of its life 婴儿

precious
a. highly valued; of great value or beauty 珍贵的

deserve
vt. Have a right to; be worthy of 值得

illogical
a. be against logic; without logic 不合逻辑的；无缘由的

foreigner
n. person belonging to a foreign country

aggressive
a. always ready to quarrel; not afraid of opposition; enterprising 挑衅的；放肆的；积极进取的

greedy
a. excessively eager to acquire; wanting to get more than one's share贪婪的

semi-
pref. half

idiot
n. a very stupid or foolish person 白痴

bet(bet or betted)
vt. be very sure; risk (money) on the result of a future event 确信；用……打赌

fling (flung)
vt. move (oneself) violently, esp. in anger throw violently or with force 使（自己）猛扑；用力扔，掷

hand-to-hand
a. in close contact 逼近的，直接交手的

slaughter
vt. kill (animals, people) in large numbers 屠杀

siren
n. penetrating whistle as a warning 警报

searchlight
n. powerful light with a beam that can be turned in any direction 探照灯

pounding
n. a severe beating or blow 猛击

pound v.

reverberate
vi. echo repeatedly 回响

log
n. 原木

avenue
n. wide street in a town

giant
a. of great size or force
n. man, animal, or plant much larger than normal

first
n. 拳头

blast
vi. produce a hard sharp sound 发出刺耳响声

cellar
n. an underground room, usu. used for stor

ing goods 地窖

depart
vi. leave a place

departure n.

barricade
n. barrier of objects put across or in front of sth. as a defense 障碍；街垒

generator
n. a machine which generates, usu. electricity

movable
a. that can be moved

mob
n. a large noisy and disorderly crowd, esp. one that has gathered for mischief or attack 一伙人；一群暴徒

intermittent
a. pausing or stopping at intervals; not continuous 断断续续的

remind
vt. tell or cause (sb.) to remember 提醒

military
a. connected with soldiers, armies 军事的

vehicle
n. a means of carrying or transporting sth. 车辆（统称）

piercing
a. (of sound) very sharp and clear, esp. in an unpleasant way; penetrating 尖厉的；刺穿的

pierce v.

give
vi. bend; yield to pressure 弯曲；塌下

pitch
n. the degree of highness or lowness of a musical note or speaking voice 声音的高低，调子

tune
vt. adjust (a radio or television receiver) to respond to waves of a particular frequency

definitely
ad. without a doubt; clearly

definite a.

identify
vt. 认出；识别

harmless
a. that cannot cause harm

harm n.

bruise
vt. injure the outside of 碰伤；使（皮肉）青肿

clot
vt. 使（血等）凝块

Amen
int. may this be true 阿门（基督教徒祈祷结束时的用语）

hey
int. (used to call attention or express surprise)

scare
vt. frighten

gesture
n. movement, usu. of the hands, to express a certain meaning 姿势，手势

murmur
n. a soft low sound

half-hearted
a. showing little effort and no real interest.

wreckage
n. the broken parts of a destroyed thing 残骸

shaky
a. shaking or unsteady

block party
(AmE) a party of celebration help in the street by the residents of a block or neighborhood, esp. to raise funds for a local church or block club

carry-over
n. sth. carried or left over 剩余物

realization
n. being or becoming conscious

deaden
v. (cause to) lose strength, feeling, brightness, etc.

disquiet
vt. disturb

phon(e)y
a. pretended; false

laughter
n. laughing 笑声

desperately
ad. with little hope of success 绝望地；拼命地

desperate a.

underneath
prep. beneath; under

naked
a. not covered by clothes; nude 裸体的

claw
vt. tear, seize, pull with claws or hand 用爪抓

stairway
n. 楼梯

destroy
vt. break to pieces; put an end to 摧毁

PHRASES & EXPRESSIONS
in the midst of
in the middle of

break up
cease to be together 散开

grad/get/take hold of
get possession of; grasp 抓住

break down
destroy

fit in
find space or room (for sth. or sb.)

draw lots
use lots to decide sth. 抽签

make a / the difference
have

an effect or influence; matter 有关系，有影响

come up
grow louder, stronger or brighter

head for
move towards, go to

figure out
work out; understand (sth. or sb.) by thinking 解决，算出；理解，弄清楚

or else
otherwise; if not

mean business
be ready to act ( not merely talk); be serous 是当真的

pile up
heap up 堆起

get one's hands on
find; get possession of

in the way of
in the matter of; as regards 在……方面； 关于

go on
be lit （灯）亮

go off
stop, discontinue

call off
stop or give the order to stop; cancel 停止；取消

blow one's top
(sl.) explode with anger 在发脾气

hold……against
allow(sth) to affect one's judgement of (sb.) 因（某事）而嫉恨（某人）

take up
begin, undertake

born of
owing existence to; deriving or resulting from

Unit 8
New words
hostile
a. unfriendly; belonging to an enemy 敌对的

view
vt. consider, regard

escape
n. & v. 逃跑；逃避

nighttime
a. occurring at night

interfere
vi. get in the way of another 干涉；妨碍

interference n.

researcher
n. advantage, profit, good effect 益处

tense
a. feeling or showing nervous anxiety 紧张的

irritable
a. easily annoyed or made angry

means
n. method or way

psychologist
n. person who has studied or is skilled in psychology 心理学家

contribute
vi. help in bringing about 贡献

growth
n. growing; development

concentration
n. concentrating or being concentrated

span
n. length of time during which sth. Continuses or works well 一段时间

self-control
n. control of one's own feelings, behavior, etc.

creative
a. having the power to create; inventive

remarkable
a. deserving attention; unusual, out of the ordinary 显著的；非凡的

shape
vt. influence and determine the course or form of 形成，塑造

industrialist
n. one owing an industry or engaged in its management

maintain
vt. state or assert as true; keep up 断言；维持

picture
vt. imagine; make a picture of

inventor
n. a person who makes up or produces sth. new

notable
a. outstanding; worthy of notice 著名的；值得注意的

achiever
n. one who achieves; winner

vividly
ad. in a lively manner 生动地；逼真的

vivid a.

immeasurably
ad. to an extent or degree too great to be measured; beyond measure

driftvi. float or be driven along by wind, waves or currents 漂（流）

athlete
n. person who is trained and skilled in physical exercises and who competes in games that need strength and speed 运动员

pole-vaulting
n. jumping with the help of a long pole held in the hand 撑竿跳

champion
n. person or team taking the first place

in competition 冠军

meet
n. (AmE) gathering esp. for competitive sports

clear
vt. get past or over without touching

bar
n. 横竿；杆；条状物

stadium
n. 露天体育场

trace
n. mark showing that sb. or sth. has existed or happened 痕迹

memory trace
chemical change occurring in the brain when new information is absorbed and remembered 记忆痕（脑部吸收或记忆信息时所产生的化学变化）

vision
n. sth. seen in the mind's eye; the power of imagination 想象（力）

automatically
ad. 自动地；无意识地

automatic a.

appropriately
ad. properly, suitably

appropriate a.

purposeful
a. having a conscious purpose

self-image
n. view of oneself 自我形象

accomplishment
n. sth. completely and successfully done 成就

recommend
vt. advise or suggest; speak favorably of 建议；推荐

soar
vi. fly or go up high in the air; rise 翱翔；升腾

screen
n. white surface on which cinema films, TV programs, etc. are sown 银幕；屏幕

project
vt. cause a picture from a film or slide to fall on a surface, etc. 映，投射

goal
n. one's aim or purpose 目标

attain
vt. succeed in arriving at, esp. after effort, reach 获得；达到

attainment
n. the act of attaining; (usu. pl) sth. successfully reached or learnt, esp. a skill

substitute
n. a person or thing acting in place of another 代替者；代用品

athletic
a. having to do with active games and sports; of or concerning athletes

achievement
n. sth. successfully finished or gained 成就

after
prep. in pursuit of; in search of

neglect
vt. pay no attention to; give no or not enough care to 忽视

combination
n. joining or putting together 结合

method
n. way of doing sth.

merely
ad. only; simply

well-being
n. health and happiness; welfare 康乐；安康

vacation
n. time of rest and freedom from work of school; holiday

realm
n. area; kingdom 领域；王国

enjoyment
n. the act or fact of enjoying; pleasure; satisfaction

PHRASES & EXPRESSION
amount to
develop into; be equal to

interfere with
hinder, affect; interrupt 干扰；妨碍

contribute to
help to achieve; give help towards 有助于

get along with
have a friendly relationship with

due to
because of; cause by

come true
happen just as was wished, expected, or dreamt

go about
make a start at; undertake 着手做

Unit 9

NEW WORDS
bunker
n. strongly-built shelter for soldiers, esp. one built underground 地堡

fascist
a. 法西斯主义的
n. 法西斯分子

dictator
n. a ruler who has absolute power over a country, esp. one who has obtained such power by force 独裁者

partner
n. 伙伴

agg

ression
n. the starting of a war, fight, or quarrel without just cause 侵略

mistress
n. 情妇

Italian
a. 意大利的
n. 意大利人；意大利语

guer(r)illa
n. 游击队员

execute
vt. kill (sb.) by law; carry out, perform 处死；实施，执行

executive
a. & n.

dump
vt. drop or unload (sth.) in a heap or carelessly 倾倒

string
vt. hang with a string or rope

heel
n. （脚）后跟

lamppost
n. post for a street lamp 路灯柱

pauper
n. a person with no means of livelihood, esp. one who is supported by charity 贫民

plot
n. a piece of land (usu. small)

cemetery
n. place for burying the dead 公墓；墓地

horrible
a. causing a feeling of great shock, fear or dislike

horror n.

climax
n. the point of greatest interest or intensity 高潮

degradation
n. 羞辱

Fascism
n. 法西斯主义

shabby
a. dishonourable; mean; worn out 不光彩的；卑鄙的；破旧的

Fuehrer
n. （德）元首

strengthen
v. make or become strong(er) 加强

resolve
n. resolution 决心

bride
n. a girl or woman just married or about to be married 新娘

spectacle
n. an object of contempt or disrespect; a public show or scene 引入鄙视的对象；场面

preparation
n. things done to get ready for sth.

Alsatian
a. 阿尔萨斯的
n. 阿尔萨斯狼犬

poison
vt. 毒死，放毒
n. 毒药

farewell
n. goodbye

appreciation
n. understanding of the qualities or worth of sth.; grateful feelings 欣赏；感激

loyal
a. true to one's friends, group, country, etc. faithful 忠诚的

instruct
vt. give orders or directions to 命令；指示

file
n. 卷宗；档案

word
n. order

interpret
vt. explain or tell the likely meaning of (sth.)

interpretation n.

private
a. personal; one's own 私人的；个人的

mostly
ad. chiefly; almost all

associate
n. a person connected with another, esp. in work

assemble
vt. gather or collect together 集合

inaudible
a. that can not be heard

moisture
n. slight wetness; water or other liquid spread in small drops in the air or on a surface 潮湿，湿气

retire
vi. withdraw; go away 退出

unendurable
a. unbearable

canteen
n. a place in a military camp, factory, etc. where people may buy and eat food, meals, drinks, sweets, etc. 食堂

weird
a. strange; unnatural

request
vt. Demand politely 请求

meantime
n. & ad. (in) the time between

spell
n. a period of time

strict
a. rigid 严厉的

relief
n. the fact or state of lessening or freeing from anxiety, fear, or pain （忧虑等的）减轻，解除

enormous
a. very large

defensible
a. that can be defended

doom
vt. cause to suffer

sth. unavoidable and unpleasant, such as death or destruction

noon
n. midday

apparently
ad. evidently; it seems (that)

apparent a.

vegetarian
a. relating to a person who eats vegetables but no meat （有关）素食的

chauffeur
n. a person employed to drive someone's car

liter
n. （容量单位）升

gasoline
n. 汽油

fuel
n. 燃料

intimate
a. close in relationship 亲密的

collaborator
n. partner in an activity 协作者，同伙

passageway
n. 走廊

revolver
n. 左轮手枪

decent
a. right and suitable 合宜的；得休的

interval
n. time between two events 间隔

sofa
n. 沙发

drip
v. fall or let fall in drops

swallow
vt. 吞咽

chancellor
n. chief minister of state (in some countries e.g. Germany)总理（或首相）

institute
vt. set up for the first time 建立

PHRASES & EXPRESSIONS
meet one's end
die

string up
hang (sth.) high with strings; put to death by hanging 用绳吊起；吊死

call in
ask to come or go in

break in
enter a building by force （非法）强行进入

build up
increase, strengthen gradually

in the meantime
meanwhile

in charge of
responsible for

round up
collect, gather together 集拢

have done with
finish with; stop doing or using 结束；终止

to a/ the day
exactly (in time)

Unit 10
NEW WORDS
fantastic
a. unbelievably large or great 极大的；难以置信的

spurt
n. a short sudden increase of activity, effort or speed; burst 猛增；突然加速；迸发

conjure
vt. cause (sth.) to appear in the mind 唤起；使想起

smoky
a. giving out much smoke

mill
n. factory or workshop

classic
a. typical 经典的，典型的

representation
n. sth. that represents 代表

represent vt.

symbol
n. sign, mark, or object which represents a person, idea, value, etc. 象征

inadequate
a. not adequate; insufficient

misleading
a. causing wrong conclusions; causing mistakes

mislead vt.

invention
n. the act of inventing; sth. invented

horse collar
马轭

agricultural
a. of agriculture

furnace
n. 熔炉，炉子

apply
vt. put into use or operation 应用，运用

occur
vt. take place; happen

breed
vt. raise (esp. animals) 饲养

vote
n. 选票；选举（权）

advanced
a. far on in development; modern

blast
n. 鼓风；送风

blast furnace
鼓风炉；高炉

electronics
n. 电子技术；电子学

surroundings
n. (used with a pl. v. ) everything around and about a place; conditions of life 环境

characteristic
a. showing the individual character 表示特性的

essential
a. necessary; most important

or

ganization
n. the act of organizing; an organized body or system

repetitive
n. the act of organizing; an organized body or system

repetitive
a. of or characterized by the act of repeating

repetition n.

function
n. special duty (of a person) or purpose (of a thing) 职责，功能，作用

outdated
a. no longer in general use; old-fashioned 过时的

quicken
v. make or become quick(er)

acceleration
n. 加速

dramatize
vt. put into dramatic from; express or represent (sth.) in a dramatic or exaggerated way

account
n. report or description

transportation
n. the business of carrying people or goods from one place to another 运输

transport vt.

BC abbr.
Before ( the birth of) Christ 公元前

available
a. capable of being got, obtained, used, etc. 可获得的；可利用的

camel
n. 骆驼

caravan
n. (往返于沙漠地带的）商队

average
vt. have as an average 平均为

per
prep. for each 每

mph
abbr. miles per hour

chariot
n. two-wheeled carriage pulled by horses （古时）双轮马拉战车

maximum
n. & a. (being) the largest number, amount, etc.

roughly
ad. about; more or less but not exactly

impressive
a. making a deep impression on the mind and feelings 给人深刻的印象的

exceed
vt. go or be beyond a limit, measure, or degree 超过

coach
n. large, old-fashioned, closed carriage pulled by horses 四轮大马车

operate
v. (cause to ) work, be in action

mere
a. nothing more than

locomotive
a. railway engine 火车头

race
n. main division of any living things; nation or tribe 属；人种

airplane
n. 飞机

flick
n. sudden, light blow or stroke; sudden short movement 轻弹；突然的轻快动作

rocket
n. 火箭

capsule
n. the part of a spaceship in which the pilots live and work and from which the engine is separate when the takeoff is completed 宇宙密封舱

altitude
n. 高，（尤指海拔）高度

mineral
n. 矿物，矿石

accelerative
a. 加速的

trend
n. general direction; tendency 趋向；倾向

pattern
n. the way in which sth. happens or develops 模式

statistical
a. 统计的；统计学的

unmistakable
a. clearly recognizable

innovation
n. the introduction of sth. new; new idea, method, or invention 革新；新方法

stage
n. point, period or step in development 阶段；时期

cycle
n. series of events taking place in a regularly repeated order 循环；周期

feasible
a. capable or being carried out or done; possible 可行的

diffusion
n. the act of spreading out (knowledge, etc.) widely 扩散；传播

embody
vt. give form to express 体现

generate
vt. cause to exist or occur; produce 发生；产

生

shorten
v. make or become shorter

scientific
a. of science; guided by the rules of science

radically
ad. fundamentally; essentially; extremely

striking
a. very noticeable; attracting attention 显著的

ancestor
n. 祖先

marketplace
n. square or open place in a town where a market is held

refrigerator
n. 冰箱

frige
n. refrigerator

peak
n. the highest point or level; the pointed top fo a mountain or hill 顶峰；山峰

novelty
n. sth. new and unusual; innovation 新奇的事物

novel
a. 新颖的，新奇的
likewise
ad. in the same way

astonishing
a. very surprising; amazing

stepped-up
a. increased in size, speed, or extent

accelerate
v. (cause to) move faster 加速

PHRASES & EXPRESSIONS
conjure up
cause to appear as a picture in the mind 使联想起

labo(u)r along
move slowly and with difficulty

go by
pass ( in place or time)

feed on
(of animals) live on (food); draw strength, support or satisfaction from

in turn
in proper sequence or succession 依次，轮流，转而

put to work
apply