人教版英语九年级-Unit10知识点
Unit10 You’re supposed to shake hands.
本单元词组短语
1. be supposed to do sth 应该做…
2. be expected to do sth. 应该/被期望做…
3. shake hands (with…) (和…) 握手
4. bow to sb. 向某人鞠躬
5. for the first time 首次，第一次
6. people in Korea 韩国的人们
7. greet sb.( in) the wrong way以错误的方式问候某人8. be invited to sw.被邀请去…
9. be invited to do sth. 被邀请做… 10.welcome party 欢迎会
11. as soon as 一… 就…（引导时间状从）12. as soon as sb can 尽可能快的。。。
13.hold out (my hands) 伸出（我的手）14. on both sides of my face在我的两个脸颊上15. be from= come from 来自16. be relaxed about 对…放松/随意
17. a bit/ little late 晚一点18. value the time we spend with sb珍惜我们与某人度过的时间19.in our everyday lives 在我们的日常生活中20. drop by 顺便拜访，随便进入
21. make plans ( to do sth.) 计划做某事22. plan to do sth.计划做某事
23. on the side of the face在脸的一侧24. the town center 在城镇中心
25. as many as sb can = as many as possible 尽可能多的…
26. be on time 守时27. the capital of clocks and watches钟表之都
28. after all 毕竟，终归29. at noon 在中午
30. 15 minutes late 迟到15分钟31. get / be mad (at sb) 生气，气愤
32.make an effort (to do sth) 努力做…33.avoid heavy traffic 避免交通拥挤
34.keep sb waiting让某人一直等候35.without calling first 没有事先打电话
36.go abroad 出国at home 在国内37. be important to 对…是重要的
38. bring your passport 带护照39.clean … off 把…擦掉
40 clean the chalk off the blackboard 把黑板上的粉笔字擦掉
41.the northern coast of Norway 挪威的北海岸
42. during the winter season 在冬季43. knock at/ on 敲（门，窗…）
44. take off 脱下，起飞45. be worth doing sth. 值得做…
46. table manners 餐桌礼仪47. mind your manners 注意你的礼仪
48. stick …into… 把... 插进… 49.hit an empty bowl 敲空碗
50. point at指着, point to指向（侧重方向）51. at the table 在餐桌旁
52 at table 在吃饭53.basic table manners 基本的餐桌礼仪
54. my biggest challenge 我最大的挑战55. on my student exchange program 在我的交换生生
56.there is no reason to do sth.没原因做
57. go out of one’s way (to do sth.)特地做某事…, 格外努力做…
58.make sb feel at home 使某人感到宾至如归
59. a teenage granddaughter 一个十几岁的（外）孙女
60. talk to sb in French用法语和…交谈61.be comfortable doing 舒服/轻松做某事62.behave well/ badly/ politely举止好63. behave oneself 举止规矩
64. as you can imagine 正如你想象的那样65. be different from 与…不同
66.be / get used to sth 习惯于某事be / get used to doing sth.习惯于做某事
67. gradually get used to sth逐渐习惯某事68. cut it up 把它切开
69. eat it with a fork 用叉子吃它
70.put your elbows on the table 把肘部放在桌子上
71. have a safe trip 一路平安，旅途愉快72. show up 出席，露面，到场
本单元知识点
1.In your country, what are you supposed to do when you meet someone for the first time?
【解析】be supposed to do sth 被期望做某事,应该做......
1)当主语是人时,表示劝告、建议、责任等，=should =“to be expected to do sth,
You are supposed to___________( arrive) on time
2)当主语是物时，表示“本应；本该”The train was supposed to arrive half an hour ago.
【拓展】：be supposed to 与should
(1)be supposed是suppose一词的___________ 语态结构。
后接动词不定式，相当于___________ .后接不定式.
即：_______________ . 使用较随便，建议性强
否定式为be not supposed to do sth.
(2)should后接动词______ ，属于_______ 语态形式，使用起来较严肃和正式；
You are not supposed to shake hands. = You shouldn’t shake hands.你不应与之握手。
【解析2】for the first time 首先，第一次
【辨析】at first/first of all
(1) at first = at the beginning 最初，开始【强调在时间顺序或做某事过程等开始之初】
(2) first of all 首先，第一【表明陈述事情的重要性】
【有关time的短语】
in time 及时on time 准时have a good time玩得开心
all the time一直，总是take one’s time 从容不迫kill the time：消磨时间
at times 不时from time to time有时
at that time 在那时at the same time 同时
2.You’re supposed to shake hands你应该握手。
【解析】shake→shook→shaken v 摇动，震动
shake hands 握手shake hands with sb./ shake one's hands与某人握手
3.In the United States, they’re expected to shake hands. 在美国，他们应该握手。
【解析】expect v预料
(1) expect to do sth 预计做某事
(2) expect sb. to do sth 期待某人做某事= look forward to doing sth 期待做某事
(3)I expect so/not
(4) sb. be expected to do sth. 被期望做某事/应该要做某事
Everyone in the class is expected to take part in the discussion. 希望全班同学参加讨论。
4. greeted Paul’s mother the wrong way 以错误的方式问候了保罗的妈妈
【解析】greet =to welcome or say “hello”v “问候,打招呼”
greet with sb.向某人问候
5.I met a Japanese boy called Sato, and as soon as I held out my hand, he bowed.
【解析1】as soon as 一……就……
（引导时间状语从句，从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时）
【解析2】hold out 伸出；坚持hold out one’s hands
hold out my hand 伸出我的手She held out her hand to take the rope. 她伸手去抓那根绳子。【hold相关的短语】
hold on 抓住; (打电话时用语)别挂断... hold up 举起;.
hold back 阻碍; hold off 不使挨近; 挡住; 耽搁; 离开
hold down 压制; 压缩hold on to 坚持; 不放弃
hold in 压住; 忍耐; 抑制
6.We don’t like to rush around, so we don’t mind if people are a little late sometimes.
【解析】run →run →run v 跑
rush out 冲出去rush hour 交通拥挤时间rush around匆匆忙忙；东奔西跑
run away =flee 逃跑run out of =use up 用完
run off 跑掉(其后不直接跟宾语，常与to/ from 连用)
All the students ran off from their classroom to the playground when the earthquake happened.
7.If you tell a friend you’re going to their house for dinner, it’s OK if you arrive a bit late.
【解析】a bit 稍微；有点，修饰形容词、副词的比较级。
【拓展】a bit / a little辨析：
【相同点】a bit 和a little作程度副词修饰形容词、副词、动词或比较级时，
意义相同，为“一点儿, 有些”。
He walked a bit / a little slowly.他走路有点慢。
【不同点】a little可直接修饰名词；而a bit后须加of才可以。
There is a little water in the bottle.= There is a bit of water in the bottle.
否定形式：not a little 作状语，相当于very / quite, “很，非常”；
作定语和宾语时，相当于much, 意为“许多”。
not a bit 作状语时，相当于not at all, 意为“一点也不”，作宾语时则相当于not much。
He is not a little (= very) hungry. 他饿极了。
He is not a bit (= not at all) hungry.他一点也不饿。
用a bit或a little填空。
1. There is _________ time left.
2. I would like you to stay for _________ if you have time.
3. This will give us a _________ of time.
4. He went to sleep soon, for he was not _________ tired.
5. I don't want to stop to have a rest, because I am not _________ tired.
With a little training, she could do very well in the competition.
A. few
B. a few
C. a bit
D. a bit of
8.We often just drop by our friends’homes if we have time如果我们有时间，我们经常回顺便拜访朋友家。【解析】drop by 顺便拜访可以直接使用,也可以在by后面加表示地点的词。
Drop by often when you are free.有空时常来拜访。
drop by sb. = drop in on sb. 顺便走访某人
drop by one’s home = drop in (at) +地点拜访…
【拓展】drop in“拜访,到访”, 后接人时,要借助于介词on；drop in on sb.
后接地点时要借助于介词at。
Don’t forget to drop in on your teacher.
= Don’t forget to drop in at your teacher’s home. 不要忘了顺便去拜访一下你的老师。
10.So I make an effort to be on time when I meet my friends
【解析】make an effort to do sth 努力做某事
11.When you go abroad, it is important to bring your passport.
【解析1】abroad adv 在国外；到国外My father often goes abroad.
abroad 用法：表示到（在）国外，是一个副词，前面不加介词。
go abroad 出国live abroad 住在国外at home and abroad 在国内外
13. After class, students are expected to clean the chalk off the blackboard.
【解析】clean ... off 把......擦掉
【拓展】clean up 把……打扫干净（v. + adv.）clean up the table = clean the table up
14. Where I ’m from, we ’re pretty relaxed about time.在我们国家, 我们对时间相当宽松。（3a)
【解析】relax v. 放松
relaxing adj. 使人放松的,令人感到轻松的
relaxed adj. “宽松的, 不加以约束的”, 后面常接介词about 。
be relaxed about 对……感到放松, 对......比较随意
My parents are relaxed about my clothes.我的父母对我的服装不加约束。
relaxation n. ①“放松,消遣”时, 是不可数名词；②“休闲活动”是可数名词。
15. We value the time we spend with our family and friends in our everyday lives.
【解析1】value v “重视；珍视 n “价值”
→ valuable adj. 贵重的；宝贵的
【解析2】 (1) every day 每天= each day 做状语，放在句末，对其提问用 how often
He exercises every day.
(2) everyday adj. 每天的 ，作定语，修饰名词，放在名词之前
everyday English 日常英语
Cooking breakfast is her everyday job. 做早饭是她的日常工作。
【拓展】everyday/every day 的区别：前者是形容词，而后者是副词性短语。
【解析】after all 毕竟
16.If you ’re even 15 minutes late, your friend may get mad . （3a)
【拓展】mad adj. 很生气；疯的be mad at sb.= be angry with sb. ==对某人生气 get mad 大动肝火，气愤(强调动作和过程)
be mad 感觉很生气(表示状态)
be/ get mad at /with sb.生某人的气= be/ get angry with sb.
be/ get mad about sth. 因某事而生气
17. I always leave the house early to avoid heavy traffic .
【解析1】avoid v 避免 (后接Ving ）
【拓展】后接ving 形式作宾语的动词还有：
【解析2】traffic n. 交通; 路上行驶的车辆
heavy traffic 交通繁忙, 交通拥堵, 车水马龙
18. We usually plan to do something interesting, or go somewhere together.
【解析1】plan to do 计划做某事
【解析2】 go somewhere 去某地
somewhere adv. 在某处；到某处
注意: somewhere 是副词, 前面不可用介词
【拓展】somewhere 常用于肯定句中, anywhere(任何地方)常用于否定句和疑问句中。在疑问句中, 可以用somewhere 或anywhere, 如果期望对方回答“是”, 就用somewhere;如果不知道对方会回答“是”还是“不是”, 用somewhere 、 anywhere 都可以。
19. it’s important to be on time. 准时很重要。
【解析】be important to sb. 对某人来说非常重要
20.In many eastern European countries, you take off your gloves before shaking hands.
avoid 避免 mind 介意
suggest 建议 Practice 练习 enjoy 喜欢 Keep 保持 后接ving 形式的动词
【短语】take care 小心take charge of 负责，看管
take hold of 握住take off 脱下/(飞机等）起飞take out 取出
take a look 看一看take away 拿走take exercise 做运动
take it easy 不紧张take one’s time 从容不迫
21. but it is worth the trouble if you want to understand another culture.
【解析】be worth doing sth 值得做某事
Section B
1.In China, you’re not supposed to stick your chopsticks into the food.
【解析】stick into 插入；伸入
2. They go out of their way to make me feel at home.他们竭力使我感觉像在自己家里一样。【解析1】go out of one’s way 特地；格外努力
go out of one’s way to do sth = try one’s best to do sth 竭力做好某事
He would go out of his way to help anyone in trouble. 他常不怕麻烦去帮助有困难的人
He went out of his way _______________(make) me happy.
【与way有关的短语】
all the way 一路上in no way 决不by the way 顺便提一下，另外in a way 在某点，在某种程度上by way of 经由，通过……方式
get in the way 挡道in one's / the way 妨碍，阻碍in this way 用这种方法lead the way 带路，引路lose one's way 迷路
on the / one's way (to) 在去……的路上
【解析2】make sb. feel at home 使某人感到宾至如归
【拓展】make mistake 犯错误make a decision 做决定
make one’s bed 整理床铺make a noise 制造噪音
make faces 做鬼脸make friends 交朋友
3. I’m very comfortable speaking French now.
【解析】be comfortable doing sth. 做某事很轻松, 乐意做某事
I feel comfortable talking with you. 和你讲话感觉很舒服。
4.My biggest challenge is learning how to behave at the dinner table（2b)
【解析】behave v. 表现；举止→ behavior n. 行为；举止；习性；态度
He behaves himself like a man. 他表现得像一男子汉。
6. I thought that was pretty strange at first, ...
【解析】pretty (1)adv“颇；相当地”常用于口语，只可以修饰其他形容词或副词After six months, I could speak Chinese pretty well.6个月之后, 我就能讲相当好的汉语了
(2)adj. 漂亮的；秀丽的；好看的
What a pretty little garden! 多么漂亮的小花园！
【注】pretty语气较beautiful弱,且大多用来指年轻的女性, 一般不用来描写成年男性。
pretty也可以用于男女儿童, 表示漂亮、活泼、可爱
7.…you’re not supposed to eat anything with your hands except bread …
（1）except“除......之外”不包括所说的东西
例：I get up early except Sunday. （不包括星期天）
Nobody was late for the meeting except me today.
（2）besides的意思是“除了......之外，还有”
例：Five others are late besides me. （包含我在内）
8.Another thing is that it’s impolite to say that you’re full.
【解析】full adj. 吃饱的；满的，充满的
【辨析】be full of/ (be) filled with
【共同点】“充满…”, 有时可以换用。
【不同点】be full of指“充满的”这一状态,
(be) filled with通常指动作。
9. …, but I gradually getting used to it. 但是我逐渐习惯。
【解析】get used to = be used to，“习惯于某事或做某事的意思”，
to为介词，后接名词或动名词，不能跟动词原形。
They have got used to getting up early in the morning. 他们已习惯早起。
be / get used to结构可以用于各种时态中,。
You’ll be / get used to the work soon. 你不久就会习惯这个工作的
【注意】在学习be used to结构时,一定要注意它与以下几个结构的区别:
used to do sth.意为“过去常常”,在这里to是动词不定式符号；
be used to do sth.和be used for doing sth.意为“被用来做某事”, 是被动结构。
John used to smoke. 约翰过去抽烟。
This kind of wood can be used to make violins.这种木头可以用来制作小提琴。
10.You have to cut it up and eat it with a fork.你必须把它切碎，用叉子吃。
【解析】cut up 切碎；切开
【拓展】与cut有关的短语
cut down 砍倒cut one’s hair 理发cut up 切碎cut in 插嘴cut off切断，停止
11、keep sb. doing sth.让某人一直做某事
keep (on) doing sth. 一直做某事
keep sb. from doing sth.= stop sb.(from) doing sth.= prevent sb. (from) doing sth. 阻止某人做某事其他短语：
keep away from …与…保持距离keep…out of… 阻止…进入
keep off…远离，避开
keep+ adj. 保持（某种状态）∕keep+n.+adj. 使…保持（某种状态）
keep a pet 饲养一个宠物
12. clean off 把…擦掉
out 把…内部彻底打扫干净
up 打扫干净
13.you are supposed to / are expected to knock before entering.=befor you enter.(时间状语) knock vi. 敲门，其后常接介词at/on
v. 碰撞，knock into 与…相撞；knock down 撞到
n. 敲击声；敲击There is a knock at the door.
14.Let me give you some suggestions and advice about Chinese customs.
①give sb. some suggestions and advice 给某人提出一些建议和意见
make/ offer a suggestion 提出建议
ask for a suggestion 征求建议
②suggest v. 建议suggest/ advise doing sth.
Suggest + that 从句(用虚拟语气should 可以省略)
We suggested / advised putting off the sports meet.
She suggests that we should start early tomorrow.
④advice n. 不可数；忠告，劝告，建议
a piece of advice 一条建议some pieces of advice/ some advice 一些建议
advise v. advise doing sth. 建议做某事advise sb. to do sth.建议某人做某事
15.empty adj. 空的，反义：full 满的
v. 倒空反义：fill 装满Please empty the bottle.
16. Point at anyone with your chopsticks. 用筷子指着别人。
point…at…瞄准，对着He is pointing his finger at me.
point…to…指向The hour hand pointed to twelve.
Point…out指出The teacher pointed out many mistakes in my homework.
语法精讲：动词不定式
不定时的基本形式为：to+动词原形，有时可以不用to，这里的to 是不定式符号，本身无词义，动词不定式的否定形式是not+（to+）动词原形。
一、动词不定式的句法功能
功能例句说明
主语To speak English is not easy for us=It is not easy for us to
speak English.
作主语用的不定式，常常用it作形式主语，而把不
定式放在后面。
表语My work is to clean the room everyday.=To clean the room
every day is my work.
多数情况下，不定式作表语，可转换作为主语。
宾语—What sports does he like to play?
—He likes to play basketball.
只能做某些动词的宾语，一般不作介词的宾语。
宾补My mother made me play the piano all the time. 在make，let，see，hear，watch等使役、感官动词
后，不定式省略to。
定语Have you got anything to say? 你有要说的吗？不定式作定语，要放在所修饰词的后面。
状语I'm sorry to trouble you.
I went to the library to study English.（表目的）
不定式作状语，其逻辑主语要和句子的主语一致。
2. 不定式作主语
动词不定式作主语时，常用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语放在句末
其结构为：It+be+adj.（+ for/ of sb.）+动词不定式
如：To learn English well is useful.→ It is useful to learn English well.
It’s important for us to protect the environme nt.
注意：在kind，good，nice，clever等表示人的品质的形容词后，不用for而用of。如：It's very kind of you to help me. It's very clever of you to do like that.
3. 不定式作宾语
有些谓语动词后只能用不定式作宾语，常见的这类词是表示命令、打算或希望的，如：would like, like, want, wish, hope, decide, plan, expect等。
如：Would you like to see a film this evening?
②在find, think，feel, make后跟不定式作宾语时，常用it代替，而将真正的宾语放在后面。
如：I find it easy to read English every day.
③常见的一些不带to的动词不定式
Why not do..., Why don't you do..., had better（not）do..., would rather do,
could/would/will you please（not）do...
④既可接动词不定式又可以接ing 形式作宾语，意思差别不大的动词有begin, start,like, love, hate 等。
Then I start to watch English-language TV. I like to eat vegetables.
4. 不定式作宾语补足语
不定式作宾语补足语时与宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系。如：Lucy asked him to turn down the radio. tell, ask, want, allow, get, would like, encourage后常跟动词不定式作宾语补足语。
如：My mother encourages me to learn Japanese.
注意：还有一些使役动词和感官动词也用不定式作宾补，这时不定式要省略to。这些动有：
一感（feel）、二听（hear, listen to）、三让（let, make, have）、四看（look at, see, watch, notice）。但变被动语态时，必须加上to。如：
My friends were made to work the whole night by the boss.
5. 不定式作定语
①不定式作定语时，应放在名词之后。它与名词有逻辑上的动宾关系。
②如果是不及物动词，且与所修饰的词之间有动宾关系，要在不定式后加上适当的介词。
There is nothing to worry about. 没有什么可担心的。
5.不定式作状语
表示目的、原因、结果或条件。
We were very excited to hear the news. (原因)
He hurried to the school to find nobody there. (结果)
6.不定式作表语
My job is to help the patient.
7.不定式常和疑问词what, which, when, where, how连用，相当于一个宾语从句。如：The teacher is telling the students what to do. 老师正告诉学生们做什么。
He didn't know where to go. 他不知道去哪里。