河北师范大学博士研究生入学考试英语考试是

河北师范大学博士研究生入学考试英语考试是为招收博士研究生而设置，属选拔考试。根据原国家教委颁布的《硕士、博士学位研究生英语教学大纲》的规定：博士生入学时英语水平原则上应达到或略高于硕士生毕业时应达到的水平，本考试以《大学英语教学大纲（文理科用）》中对大学英语六级水平的具体要求为主要依据，兼顾其他同等程度的教材和硕士毕业生应达到的英语水平要求，测试考生在英语语法、词汇、阅读、写作及翻译等方面的语言应用能力，择优选拔，以保证被录取者具有一定的英语水平和应用能力。

一、评价目标

要求考生掌握下列语言知识和技能：

1.语言知识：

语法：考核考生对英语语法（包括句法）基本知识的掌握程度以及对常见语法现象和规则的熟练驾驭程度。

词汇：以《大学英语（文、理科用）》中的词汇为主要依据，兼顾其他同等程度教材和硕士研究生英语教材的词汇，以及六级词汇。考生应熟记其词义，搭配及用法。

2.语言技能：

听力：考生应能听懂日常生活中不同情景的对话、一般性的谈话和讨论。要求能够理解其主旨要义，获取真实信息；理解明确表达或隐含其中的意义；进行合理判断、推理和引申；理解说话人意图及观点倾向。

阅读：考生应能读懂不同题材和体裁的阅读材料（生词量不超过所读材料总词汇量的3%），并能理解其主旨和表达的具体信息和概括性结论；进行有关的判断、推理和引申；根据上下文及其他暗示来推测词义；理解通篇结构以及段落间的联系；了解作者的意图、观点或态度；区分论点和论据、事实和作者的看法。

完形填空：运用语言知识的能力，要求考生辨别语言的连贯性和一致性等语段特征，掌握用于一定语境中的语言规范。该部分测试重点包括语法结构，固定搭配，近义词辨别，逻辑关系，上下文推理，语篇连接等。

翻译：汉译英考查考生选择恰当的英语单词、词组和句型来准确表达汉语意思的能力；适当考查考生对增、减、变词义、断句和合句等汉译英基本技巧的运用能力。

写作：考查考生能用英文写各类应用文、尤其是议论性和论说性文章的能力；能对中国重大政治事件和社会热点进行剖析，对其影响表述自己看法的能力。评价考生在缜密审题基础上能正确立论、恰当选材支持其论点、合理组织篇章结构、正确选择词汇和句型、遵循语法规则等写作能力。

二、考试形式

考试形式为笔试，时间为180分钟。满分为100分。

整份试卷包括试题册和答题卡（Paper One）及答题纸（Paper Two）两部分。考生应将试题册Paper One部分题的答案按要求用2B铅笔填划在答题纸上，将Paper Two部分的翻译和写作用蓝、黑色钢笔或水笔字迹工整地写在相应的答题纸上。

三、试卷结构和内容

试题册有两部分构成：Paper One为客观题，共两大项40题（占总分40%），包括阅读（30%）和完形填空（10%）；Paper Two为主观题，共三大项，（占总分60%），包括辨错（10%）翻译（汉译英15%，英译汉10%）和写作（25%）。

第一部分阅读（30%）

由五篇阅读文章和30个理解选择题组成（30题x1分）。要求考生在45分钟内完成五篇文章阅读，所选文章体裁包括叙述文、说明文、议论文等；题材涉及到科普、社会生活、人文学科、小说、教育、经济等。测试考生的阅读速度、获取信息的能力、阅读技巧、以及记忆性理解程度和信息处理、分析综合等多方面的能力。要求考生能快速阅读各类题材的文章；准确理解并归纳其要义以及作者的基本观点和态度；把握各层次段落与主题的逻辑关系；通过合理的判断、推理来理解文章的深层含义；根据语境的暗示来猜测词义。

第二部分完形填空（10%）

该部分为一篇240-280的文章，题材包括科技，经济，文化，教育，社会生活，人物传记等。文章有20个空白，共20题。考试形式为多项选择，即要求考生从每题给出的四选项中选出一个最佳答案，填入文章空白处，使补足后的文章意思通顺，前后连贯，结构完整。

第三部分辨错（10%）

由10题组成（10题x 1分）。主要测试考生掌握并正确运用语法规则的能力。考查的重点语法项目是：制约句子逻辑关系的连词和关系词；体现句子行为者主语其情感、意图、行为、判断的动词的时态、语态、情态动词和虚拟语气；使句子变得多姿多彩的非谓语动词、省略和倒装。

第四部分翻译（25%）

汉译英段落为150汉词25分钟完成。考查考生使用恰当的词汇和句型，运用基本技巧准确进行语言转换的能力。所译英文句子需符合语法规则，要注意时态语态、搭配、单词拼写、大小写及标点符号的正确使用。

英译汉部分共4个句子20分钟完成。考查考生运用各种翻译技巧，在理解原文的基础上用通顺的语言将一篇阅读理解文章中划线的句子翻译成汉语的能力。所译语言既要忠实原文，又要符合汉语的表达习惯。

第七部分写作（25%）

考查考生的书面表达能力，以及对社会重大事件的关注程度、敏感性和分析、评论的能力。

要求考生根据所规定的情景或给定的题目，在60分钟内完成两部分的写作。

第一部分：应用文写作（20分钟，100字，10%）

第二部分：议论文（40分钟200-250字，15%）

观点正确，内容翔实，言之有物，有说服力。语言通顺，句式有变化，错误少。

整份试卷的题目数、计分和考试时间列表如下：

2018年博士生入学考试英语参考答案

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2019英语硕士研究生入学考试英语一真题及答案

2019年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语一真题及答案 Section ⅠUse of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) Today we live in a world where GPS systems, digital maps, and other navigation apps are available on our smart phones. 1 of us just walk straight into the woods without a phone. But phones 2 on batteries, and batteries can die faster than we realize. 3 you get lost without a phone or a compass, and you 4 can’t find north, a few tricks to help you navigate 5 to civilization, one of which is to follow the land... When you find yourself well 6 a trail, but not in a completely 7 area, you have to answer two questions: Which 8 is downhill, in this particular area? And where is the nearest water source? Humans overwhelmingly live in valleys, and on supplies of fresh water. 9 , if you head downhill, and follow any H2O you find, you should 10 see signs of people. If you’ve explored the area before, keep an eye out for familiar sights—you may be 11 how quickly identifying a distinctive rock or tree can restore your bearings. Another 12 : Climb high and look for signs of human habitation. 13 , even in dense forest, you should be able to 14 gaps in the tree line due to roads, train tracks, and other paths people carve 15 the woods. Head toward these 16 to find a way out. At night, scan the horizon for 17 light sources, such as fires and streetlights, then walk toward the glow of light pollution. 18 , assuming you’re lost in an area humans tend to frequent, look for the 19 we leave on the landscape. Trail blazes, tire tracks, and other features can 20 you to civilization.

博士生考试英语(第二学期)

天津XX大学博士英语考试试卷Array 2010 —2011 学年第二学期期末考试试卷（A 卷） 科目：博士生英语学院：专业： I. Listening Comprehension: (25%) Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. 1. A) She is a little tired. B) She is going to study. C) She wants to listen to music. D) She is going to make a reservation. 2. A) At an art exhibit. B) In a supermarket. C) In a shoe store. D) In a clothing store. 3. A) They had no time. B) They couldn’t afford it after buying their motor-bike. C) The old one was still working. D) They both want to buy a motor-bike. 4. A) She doesn’t understand the man’s question. B) She’ll have th e test ready in a few days. C) She has a few questions about the man’s schedule.

研究生英语期末考试试卷

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A majority of broadcasters in many countries were either state-owned or state-subsidized for much of the last century. Governments began to relax their control in the 1980’s by privatizing national broadcasters and granting licenses to dozens of new commercial networks. The rise of cable and satellite pay-television increased the spectrum of channels. Relatively inexperienced and often financed on a shoestring, these new commercial stations needed hours of programming fast. The cheapest and easiest way to fill airtime was to buy shows from American studios, and the bidding wars for popular shows were fierce. The big American studios took advantage of that demand by raising prices and forcing foreign broadcasters to buy less popular programs if they wanted access to the best-selling shows and movies. “The studio priced themselves out of prime time,” said Harry Evans Sloan, chairman of SBS Broadcasting, a Pan-European broadcaster. Mr. Sloan estimates that over the last decade, the price of American programs has increased fivefold even as the international ratings for these shows have declined. American broadcasters are still the biggest buyers of American-made television shows, accounting for 90% of the $25 billion in 2001 sales. But international sales which totaled $2.5 billion last year often make the difference between a profit and a loss on show. As the pace of foreign sales slows －the market is now growing at 5% a year, down from the double-digit growth of the 1990’s －studio executives are rethinking production costs. 6. Which of the following best characterizes the image embodied in American shows? A. Self-contradictory B. Prejudice-free C. Culture-loaded D. Audience-targeted 7. The intervention of governments in the 1980’s resulted in __________ . A. the patenting of domination shows and movies B. the emergence of new commercial networks C. the promotion of cable and satellite pay-television D. the intense competition coming from the outside 8. The phrase “on a shoestring” (Para. 6) most probably means __________. A. in need of capital B. after a fashion C. on second thoughts D. in the interests of themselves 9. The main reason why American dramas and sitcoms are driven out of prime time is that ____. A. they lose competitiveness B. they are not market-oriented C. they are too much priced D. they fall short of audience expectations 10. American studio producers will give thought to production costs __________. A. if they have no access to popular shows B. because their endeavors come to no avail C. since bidding wars are no longer fierce D. as international sales pace slows down Passage Three How shops can exploit people's herd mentality to increase sales 1. A TRIP to the supermarket may not seem like an exercise in psychological warfare—but it is. Shopkeepers know that filling a store with the aroma of freshly baked bread makes people feel hungry and persuades them to buy more food than they had intended. Stocking the most expensive products at eye level makes them sell faster than cheaper but less visible competitors. Now researchers are investigating how “swarm intelligence” (th at is，how ants，bees or any social animal，including humans，behave in a crowd) can be used to influence what people buy. 2. At a recent conference on the simulation of adaptive behaviour in Rome，Zeeshan-ul-hassan Usmani，a computer scientist from the Florida Institute of Technology，described a new way to increase impulse buying using this phenomenon. Supermarkets already encourage shoppers to buy things they did not realise they wanted: for instance，by placing everyday items such as milk and eggs at the back of the store，forcing shoppers to walk past other tempting goods to reach them. Mr Usmani and Ronaldo Menezes，also of the Florida Institute of Technology, set out to enhance this tendency to buy more by playing on the herd instinct. The idea is that, if a certain product is seen to be popular, shoppers are likely to choose it too. The challenge is to keep customers informed about what others are buying. 3. Enter smart-cart technology. In Mr Usmani's supermarket every product has a radio frequency identification tag, a sort of barcode that uses radio waves to transmit information，and every trolley has a scanner that reads this information and relays it to a central computer. As a customer walks past a shelf of goods, a screen on the shelf tells him how many people currently in the shop have chosen that particular product. If the number is high, he is more likely to select it too.

博士研究生入学考试英语考试大纲(可编辑修改word版)

福州大学博士研究生入学考试 英语考试大纲 一、考查目标 本考试重点考查考生的英语语言知识和语言技能（本考试属水平考试，不 指定任何参考书）。具体要求如下： 1.词汇 要求考生掌握约 5000 个英语词汇和约 500 个常用词组。此外，还应掌握词汇间的词义关系，如同义词、近义词、反义词等；掌握词汇之间的搭配关系，如动词与介词、形容词与介词、形容词与名词等；掌握词汇生成的基本知识，如词源、词根、词缀等。 2.语法 要求考生熟练掌握英语的基本语法知识、常用句型和结构，能正确理解包含这些知识、句型和结构的句子和语篇，并能在实践中准确、自如地运用这些知识。 3.阅读 要求考生能综合运用英语语言知识和阅读技能熟练地阅读和理解一般性题材的文章、科技文章及应用性形式的阅读材料。要求能理解主旨大意，读懂细节，能理解上下文的逻辑关系，并领会作者或话语参与各方的主要意图和态度及其异同等。 4.语篇完形处理 在理解阅读材料的基础上能综合运用词汇、语法、搭配、语段、篇章逻辑 等方面的知识和上下文等对语篇各层次的信息进行正确判断和完形处理。 5．翻译 （1）英译汉 要求考生能在 30 分钟内把一篇 150 词左右的一般性题材的英语短文或科学常识性文章中的段落译成汉语，能准确表达原文的意思，语句通顺，用词正确，无较大的语言错误。 （2）汉译英 要求考生能在 30 分钟内把一篇 150 字左右的一般性题材的汉语短文或科学常识性文章中的段落译成英语。要求译文忠实于原文，译文达意，符合英语表达习惯，无较大的语言错误。 6．写作 要求考生能根据命题或图表等在 30 分钟内写出一篇 200 字以上的短文，或根据所给文章（中文或英文）要求写出 200 字以上的英文摘要。写作部分的考查目标是测试考生用英语书面表达思想和见解的能力。所写文章应切合主题，能正确表达思想，意义连贯，无较大的语言错误。

2018年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语二真题及答案

2018年考研英语（二）试题及参考答案 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) Why do people read negative Internet comments and do other things that will obviously be painful? Because humans have an inherent need to 1 uncertainty, according to a recent study in Psychological Science. The new research reveals that the need to know is so strong that people will 2 to satisfy their curiosity even when it is clear the answer will 3 . In a series of four experiments, behavioral scientists at the University of Chicago and the Wisconsin School of Business tested. Student’s willingness to 4 themselves to unpleasant stimuli in an effort to satisfy curiosity. For one 5 each participant was shown a pile of pens that the researcher claimed were from a previous experiment. The twist? Half of the pens would 6 an electric shock when clicked. Twenty-seven students were told which pens were electrified, another twenty-seven were told only that some were electrified 7 left alone in the room, the students who did not know which ones would shock them clicked more pens and incurred more shocks than the students who knew what would 8 subsequent experiments reproduced, this effect with other stimuli 9 the sound of finger nails on a chalkboard and photographs of disgusting insects. The drive to_10_is deeply rooted in humans. Much the same as the basic drives for_11_or shelter, says Christopher Hsee of the University of Chicago Curiosity is often considered a good instinct-it can _12_New Scientific advances, for instance-but sometimes such_13_can backfire, the insight that curiosity can drive you to do _14_things is a profound one. Unhealthy curiosity is possible to 15 , however, in a final experiment, participants who were encouraged to 16 how they would feel after viewing an unpleasant picture were less likely to 17 to see such an image. These results suggest that imagining the 18 of following through on one’s curiosity ahead of time can help determine 19 it is worth the endeavor. ” Thinking about long-term 20 is key to reducing the possible negative effects of curiosity. Hsee says “in other words, don’t read online comments”. 1. [A]Protect [B] resolve [C] discuss [D] ignore 2. [A]refuse [B] wait [C] regret [D] seek 3. [A]hurt [B] last [C]mislead [D] rise 4. [A]alert [B] tie [C] treat [D] expose 5. [A]message [B] review [C] trial [D] concept

2018年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题(附答案详解)

2018年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(一) Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) Trust is a tricky business. On the one hand, it's a necessary condition1 many worthwhile things: child care, friendships, etc. On the other hand, putting your 2, in the wrong place often carries a high 3. 4, why do we trust at all? Well, because it feels good. 5 people place their trust in an individual or an institution, their brains release oxytocin, a hormone that 6 pleasurable feelings and triggers the herding instruct that prompts humans to 7 with one another. Scientists have found that exposure 8 this hormone puts us in a trusting 9: In a Swiss study, researchers sprayed oxytocin into the noses of half the subjects; those subjects were ready to lend significantly higher amounts of money to strangers than were their 10 who inhaled something else. 11 for us, we also have a sixth sense for dishonesty that may 12us. A Canadian study found that children as young as 14 months can differentiate 13 a credible person and a dishonest one. Sixty toddlers were each 14 to an adult tester holding a plastic container. The tester would ask, “What’s in here?” before look ing into the container, smiling, and exclaiming, “Wow!” Each subject was then invited to look 15. Half of them found a toy; the other half 16 the container was empty-and realized the tester had 17 them. Among the children who had not been tricked, the majority were 18 to cooperate with the tester in learning a new skill, demonstrating that they trusted his leadership. 19, only five of the 30 children paired with the “20”tester participated in a follow-up activity. 1. [A] on [B] like [C] for [D] from 2. [A] faith [B] concern [C] attention [D] interest 3. [A] benefit [B] debt [C] hope [D] price 4. [A] Therefore [B] Then [C] Instead [D] Again 5. [A]Until [B] Unless [C] Although [D] When 6. [A] selects [B] produces [C] applies [D] maintains 7. [A] consult [B] compete [C] connect [D] compare 8. [A] at [B] by [C]of [D]to 9. [A] context [B] mood [C] period [D] circle 10.[A] counterparts [B] substitutes [C] colleagues [D]supporters 11.[A] Funny [B] Lucky [C] Odd [D] Ironic 12.[A] monitor [B] protect [C] surprise [D] delight 13.[A] between [B] within [C] toward [D] over 14.[A] transferred [B] added [C] introduced [D] entrusted 15.[A] out [B] back [C] around [D] inside 16.[A] discovered [B] proved [C] insisted [D] .remembered 17.[A] betrayed [B]wronged [C] fooled [D] mocked