贵州大学2013-2014学位英语真题

2011-1

PART I 听力

.。。。。。。

PART II 词汇选择(10 minutes, 10 points)

Section A (0.5 point each)

21. It was fascinating to watch my husband as he literally became president before my eyes.

A. liberally

B. wisely

C. actually

D. theoretically

22. The rights that the citizens of those countries enjoy can all be incorporated in the laws of those individual countries.

A. embodied

B. excluded

C. immersed

D. interpreted

23. These are the men and women who run the house and tend to the special needs of its residents.

A. take to

B. amount to

C. attend to

D. object to

24. These women hoped that cease-fire would continue and that the violence would end once and for all.

A. quickly

B. conclusively

C. universally

D. temporarily

25. There is some excitement on the horizon, but I can’t tell you about it.

A. in the distance

B.soon to happen

C. without a question

D.at first sight

26. Low interest rates created easy credit conditions, fueling a housing construction boom and encouraging consumption.

A. contaminating

B. ectinguishing

C. stimulating

D.transporting

27. War involves inflicting the greatest amount of damage in the briefest space of time.

A. imposing

B. avoiding

C. compensating

D.fabricating

28. Inflation can destroy the fabric of society by adversely affecting fixed income groups.

A. stability

B. perplexity

C. evolution

D.structure

29. The participants of the meeting were astonished by the discrepancy between the mayor’s words and his actions.

A. difference

B. correlation

C.conformity

D.separation

30.The English writing of college students in China is generally redundant for lack of specific words.

A. ambiguous

B. wordy

C. unconvincing

D.stereotyped

Section B (0.5 point each)

31. Without mutual trust, willingness to engage _____ in the learning process is hindred.

A. deliberately

B. collaboratively

C. destructively

D. individually

32.Humans have to settle the problems with food, clothes and _____ before they can survive.

A. cabin

B. mansion

C. shed

D. shelter

33.How did it _____ that in English the correlation between spelling and pronuciation is not very close?

A. come about

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/cf7909490.html,e on

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/cf7909490.html,e to

D. come by

34. While the test-oriented approach to teaching is _____ desirable, it is widely used in China.

A. other than

B. not only

C. nothing but

D. far from

35. In january 1995, George W. Bush was _____ as the new governor of Texas.

A. turned in

B. taken in

C. sworn in

D. put it

36. The latest data showed that global ozone _____ had dropped several percent over the last decade.

A. penetrations

B. concentrations

C. dimensions

D. extensions

37. Scientists have been trying to _____ what factors can cause aging.

A. find out

B. turn out

C. set out

D. carry out

38. Ten years _____ her career as a lawyer, she decided to start her own firm in Chicago.

A.within

B. during

C. into

D. amid

39. The tower of the World Trade Center _____ after it was hit by the plane.

A. dissipated

B. paddled

C. hedged

D. collapsed

40. I could speak their language and _____ with their problems because I have been there myself.

A. collide

B. coincide

C.identify

D. associate

PART III 完形填空(10 minutes, 10 points, 1 point each)

Early in January 2009, the temperature in Tanana Alaska, fell to 55 below zero F. It was so cold that when the airport runway lights stopped working, crews were __41__ from going outside to fix them.

So it was a real concern whe Vicky Aldridge, a nurse practitioner at the village health center, realized that 61-year-old Winkler Bifelt was bleeding __42__ and needed medical treatment at Fairbanks Memorial Hospital, __43__ 150 miles away. The sun was already down when Aldridge made the __44__ telephone call to Frontier Service in Fairbanks.

“We told them the only way we could fly was if they could find enough vehicles to __45__ the runway with headlights so we could land,” said Bob Hajdukovich, the company’s president. Aldridge’s next calls went to airport and town officials, who, __46__, called villagers. Forty five minutes later, enough cars, trucks, minivans and snowmobiles had lined up so that the runway was __47__.

Pilots Nate Thompson and David Fowler landed without __48__, and then took off again, with Bifelt.

“There is this wonderful caring __49__ in the village,”Aldridge said, “if anyone needs anything, all I have to do is call one or two people and everything will get __50__”

41. A. objected B. obstructed C. obliged D. observed

42. A.intimately B. integrally C. intentionally D. internally

43. A. less B. some C. but D.even

44. A. eagerness B. pressure C. emergency D. hurry

45. A. line B. cross C. span D. park

46. A. by turns B. in turn C. in order D. in return

47. A. lightened B. illustrated C. cleared D. widened

48. A. reason B. support C. hesitation D. atmosphere

49. A. status B. occasion C. surrounding D. atmosphere

50. A. into control B. out of danger C. done well with D. taken care of

PART IV 阅读理解(45 minutes, 30 points, 1 point each)

Passage one

November 25 is the International Day for the Elimination of Violence Against Women. This day was recognized by the General Assembly of the United Nations in 1999 with a view to raising public awareness of violations of the right of women. Why was this step necessary?

In many cultures women are viewed and treated as inferior or as second class citizens. Prejudices against them are deep rooted. Gender base violence in all its forms is an ongoing problem, even in the so-called developed world. According to former UN Secretary General Kofi Annan,”violence against women is global in reach, and takes place in all societies and cultures. It affects women no matter what their race, social origin, birth or other status may be.”

Radhika Coomaraswamy, UN expert of the Commission on Human Rights on violence against women, says in his report that for the vast majority of women, violence against women is “a taboo issue, invisible in society and a shameful fact of life.” Statistics issued by a victim study institution in Holland indicate that 23 percent of women in one South Amercian country, or about 1in 4, suffer some form of domestic violence. Likewise, the Council of Europe estimates that 1 in 4 European women suffer domestic violence during their lifetime. According to the British Home Office in England and Wales in one recent year, an average of two women each week were killed by current or former partners. The magazine India Today International reported that “for women across India, fear is constant companion and rape is the stranger they may have to confront at every corner, on any road, in any public place at any hour”. UN experts described violence against women and girl as “today’s most serious human rights challenge.”

51. This passage is intended to __________.

A. point out the root of violence against women

B. find solutions to violence against women

C. criticize the governments’ inaction about violence against women

D. make people better aware of violence against women

52. The word “gender” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to “__________”.

A. race

B. society

C. culture

D. sex

53. According to former UN Secretary General Kofi Annan, violence against women could be widely found __________.

A. in South American countries

B. in rich countries

C. in developing countries

D. across the world

54. By “violence against women is a taboo issue”, Radhika Coomaraswamy means that the vast majority of women __________.

A. turn a blind eye to the problem

B. don’t want to talk about the problem

C. turn a deaf ear to the problem

D. have been accustomed to the problem

55. According to the last paragraph, violence against women is __________.

A. more serious in South American countries

B. more serious in European countries

C. equally serious in South American and European countries

D. less serious in developed countries

56. According to the passage, women in India __________.

A. often live in the fear of violence against them

B. suffer more serious domestic violence

C. must have their companions everywhere

D. are facing most serious human rights challenges

Passage Two

When you think of monkeys, you probably think of the Tropics. Few species of monkeys venture into temperate lands. Nevertheless, there are one or two notable exceptions.

In the high Atlas Mountains of North Africa, where snowfall is common during the winter, small groups of Barbary apes roam through forests of cedar and oak. One isolated group of these monkeys can be found 200 miles to the north, living on the Rock of Gibraltar, at the southern most tip of Europe.

How do naturalists explain this mystery? Some believe that the monkeys colonized other areas of Europe in the distant past and that those of Gibraltar are the only surviving group. Others think that Arabic or British colonizers brought them to the Rock. Legend has it that the monkeys crossed the narrow straits dividing Europe from Africa by means of a long-lost underground tunnel. Whatever their origin, they are now the only free range monkeys. The Barbary apes inhabit the pine woods that cover the upper part of the Rock. Although they number only a hundred or so, they have become “the peninsula’s most famous resdents,” according to the International Primate

Protection League.

Since seven million tourists visit Gibraltar every year, the mischievous monkeys have an ample food supply. Although they feed on wild plants, they have become skilled at begging and occasionally stealing food from visitors. Local authorities also provide the monkeys with fruit and vegetables.

Apart from feeding, the monkeys spend 20 percent of their day grooming each other. Both male and females monkeys care for and play with the young ones. They live in close knit groups, where stress sometimes leads to confrontation. While the older monkeys use threats and screams to chase away the younger ones, they also have an unusual tooth-chattering behavior that seems to calm them down.

Their arrival on Gibraltar may remain a mystery; still, these sociable monkeys add a special charm to the limestone headland that guards the entrance to the Mediterranean sea. Gibraltar would not be the same without them.

57. The monkeys on the Rock of Gibraltar are special because __________.

A. they live in tropic areas

B. they inhabit temperate lands

C. they live in forests

D. they came from North Africa

58. Which of the following is NOT the possible origin of the Gibraltar monkey?

A. They may be the surviving group of European.

B. they may have been brought ot Gibraltar by colonizers.

C. they may have come from Africa through the long- lost tunnel.

D. they may have swum across the narrow straits from Africa.

59. The population of “the peninsula’s most famous residents” __________.

A. is growing rapidly

B. outnumbers the local people

C. is threatened by too many visitors

D. is about five scores

60. We canlearn from the 5th paragraph that Gibraltar monkeys __________.

A. mainly feed on food from visitors

B. often threaten local tourists

C. are very naughty

D. are raised by the local authorities

61. The word “grooming” in the 6th paragraph is closest in meaning to “__________”.

A. cleaning

B. biting

C. fighting

D. isolating

62. According to the passage, __________.

A. Gibraltar would be better without the monkeys

B. the monkeys heve added beauty to the Rock of Gibraltar

C. Gibraltar monkeys and those in the high Atlas Mountains are of different species

D. the older Gibraltar monkeys are very fierce to the younger ones

Passage three

Which would you give up: TV, Cell, or Web? From November 6 to December 3, a 1-question online poll was placed on high-traffic websites in 15 countries(Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Germany, Gndia, Italy, N etherlands, Philippines, Russia, Singapore, Spain, United Kingdom, United States). A total of 150 respondents in each country participated in the poll. In this global survey, 11 of 15 countriessay they’d turn off the TV berfore they’d silence their cell phone or log off the Internet. Women,especially, will give up their favorite shows, voting to do so by a greater percentage than men in all but four countries. “I work 50-plus hours a week, and more importantly, the programs I watch on TV are free on the web.” Paula Kress of Georgia explains why she’d give up on TV.

Younger respondents are more likely to take a pass on television, but older folks don’t necessarily stay stay away from the online experience. In Singapore, not a single person over 45 voted to stop surfing. “I’m not much for sitting in front of the screens, but I need the Internet to keep in touch with friends and family.” Hanna Larna explains why she’d keep the web and ditch TV.

In the United States, people vited to give up TV, yet Americans sit in front of the flat screen for an average of four hours, 37minutes a day. But if the decision had been made by respondents over 45, the cell phone would have gotten the boot instead.

In Canada people voted to give up the cell. The cost effect analysis shows that people there pay some of the highest rates for their cell phone plans, which may be why they have the lowest number of cell users among the western countries polled. “I don’t want to be reachable at every moment.”is another logical explanation.

Why was Brazil the only country to pick the Internet (and by such a huge margin)? Brazil has some of the lowest rates of Internet use worldwide, with just 35 users per 100 people.(The U.S. and U.K. both have 72.) Brazil’s cost to hook up is also high, about $26a month, compared with $7.4in Germany.

63. what is the most important reason for Paula Kress to give up TV?

A. she doesn’t have time to watch TV.

B. she doesn’t like sitting in front of screens.

C. she can watch TV programs on the web.

D. she finds online programs more interesting.

64. Survey results in Singapore show that __________.

A. women watch TV programs for a longer period of time than men

B. men depend as much on cell phones as women do

C. younger people use cell phones more than older people

D. older people enjoy the Internet just like the younger ones

65. Which of the following phrases is closest in meaning to “get the boot”(Para. 3)?

A. be dismissed

B. catch on

C. be favored

D. become dominant

66. It is implied that among the Americans polled, there were more __________.

A. men

B. women

C. younger people

D. older people

67. How many countries picked the cell phone in the survey?

A. 2

B. 3

C. 4

D. 5

68. In the last paragraph, the author mainly __________.

A. describes the findings in the Brazilian survey

B. discusses the gap between Brazil and the western world

C. presents the reasons behind the Brazilian decision

D. analyzes the development of the Internet in Brazil

Passage four

Today, world leaders are discussing climates change and what—if anything—can be done to combat global warming. Extreme weather conditions have brought home the fact that our climate is changing—and changing fast. It may be easy to be fatalistic about it, but the truth is that although we humans have caused the problem, we also have the solution. “Think global and act local,”said Friends of the Earth founder David Bower. In many small but important ways we can make a difference. Here are my top tips for how to begin:

Count your food miles. What you eat and where you buy it affects global emissions. Pollution from transport is the fastest growing source of carbon dioxide emissions, so it is madness to fly out-of-season vegetables across the world to supermarkets. We should lobby supermarkets for a system of classifying food according to the distance travelled: 0 for local food, 1 for British, 2 for Europe, and 3 for intercontinental.

Turn off anything that winks at you. A video recorder on standby uses almost as much electricity as one playing a tape. Turning down the thermostat by one degree, not leaving TV and music centres on standby, turning off lights,putting lids on cooking pots, and only half-filling kettles can cut energy consumption by 30%, saving your money as well as saving the planet.

Just stop using petrol. Yes you can, and the cr industry may help you. Hydrogen-powered cars are loved by car designers and could become a reality in about 10 years. Meanwhile, consider converting to liquefied petroleum gas(LPG). You won’t be alone: a new pump for this is opening every day. Meanwhile, you can cut down on conventional petrol use just by changing driving habits—no rapid acceleration, lower speeds, keeping tires at the right pressure.

Well, you can always walk. Or cycle. The majority of car journeys are less than five miles and, honestly, once you’ve stepped out, you’ll find it’s really not that bad. The only energy used is your own and that’s healthy. You only have th look at the collective strength of the people’s fuel

lobby to know this maked sense.

These changes will save you money which you should invest in an ethical saving account. They are profitable and they put the pressure on business to clean up its act.

69. In the first paragraph, the author tries to emphasize __________.

A. his concern over climate change

B. his optimism in finding a way out

C. the necessary of global actions

D. the difficulty in reaching an agreement

70. Which conclusion can be drawn from paragraph 2 ?

A. Centralized distribution of food is highly efficient and cost-effective.

B. Organic food from abroad is better than food produced locally.

C. Supermarkets do a great job of offering a wide selection of goods.

D. It’s better for us consumers to shop in local farmers’ markets.

71. In Paragraph 3 the author tries to convey the message that __________.

A. small changes in small habits can make big differences

B. it is not easy for us to reduce energy consumption at home

C. the present way of using energy leaves much to be desired

D. we individuals may not help much in fighting global warming

72. At presen, to replace petrol-driven cars, people may choose cars driven by _______.

A, electricity B. LPG C. hydrogen D. biofuel

73. For most of the car journeys, walking or cycling __________.

A. is a waste of time

B. is undesirable

C. is a feasible option

D. is what people prefer

74. The passage is focused on __________.

A. the passage of climate change on people’s lives

B. the importance of individuals improving the environment

C. the benefits of cutting energy consumption

D. the small ways that can help fight global warming

Passage five

Some years ago, thumping, jumping noises routinely issued from the apartment upstairs as if baby elephants were competing in the 50-year dash. I went up one day to politely inquire. “No, nobady’s making noise here”the husband and wife both insisted. It must be coming from elsewhere in the building.”Two children about five years old, each holding soccer balls, stood right beside their parents. “Could the thumping be your kids running around, perhaps playing soccer?”, I asked. “Oh no, we never let the kids play in the house.”

For monhs, the pattern continued: the thumping and jumping above, our delicate check-in,

the denial. It got so that every time I saw the couple, I glared without a word of greeting. When they moved out of the building, the thumping stopped.

I suppose I could have forgiven my neighbors and spared them the glare. After all, forgiveness is in, a trend advocated by best-selling books, foundations and research institutes. The notion has gone well beyond spiritual leaders advising that forgiveness is good for the soul and that hard feelings will turn us bitter and hostile. Now the medical community cites studies showing that forgiveness can prevent heart attacks, lower blood pressure and even ease depression.

I may be outnumbered, but I still believe in the healing power of the grudge(不满). I’ve deployed grudges with an equal-opportunity sense of fairness—against teachers and classmates,bosses and colleagues, family and friends. I’ve chosen to stop speaking to certain people permanently and occasionally even spoken ill of them—but more with disbelief than a sense of revenge. I’m neither proud nor ashamed. But I’ve discovered that nothing feels quitea as satisfying as a grudge well nursed.

I’m not against forgiveness itself, I have forgiven people for rudeness as well as for deep misunderstandings and have done so without holding on to hard feelings. What I deplore is the propaganda about forgiveness. No longer an option, forgivensess is an official order. Forgiving so democratically cheapens the very act.

A long standing grudge suggests that we hold certain standards, that we respect ourselves enough to reject bad behavior. Failure to forgive can be just as righteous, just as honorable as forgiveness itself.

75. The author would probably describe the neighbors as __________.

A. careless

B. dishonest

C. ignorant

D. immodest

76. Paragraph 3 is focused on __________.

A. how forgiveness is good for us spiritually and physically

B. how forgiveness has become a fashionable concept

C. what has changed people’s understanding of forgiveness

D. what is the true meaning and virtue of forgiveness

77. By “I may be outnumbered”(Para. 4), the author means that most people in her situation would probably __________.

A. tell people how bad the neighbors are

B. refuse to speak to the neighbors

C. try to practice forgiveness to the neighbors

D. ask the neighbors for an explanation

78. The author seems _________ what she always does with grudges.

A. ashamed of

B. proud of

C. satisfied with

D. disappointed with

79. It can be learned that the author __________.

A. has great difficulty forgiving people

B. regrets failing to practice forgiveness

C. wants to learn how to forgive people

D. opposes “forgiveness without principle”

80. The best title for the passage is __________.

A. To Forgive is God

B. The Right Not to Forgive

C. Forgiveness in, Grudge out

D. The Power of Forgiveness

PART V 翻译(30 minutes, 20 points)

Section A (15 minutes, 10 points)

一、英译汉

Job stress comes in different forms and affects your mind and body in different ways. Small thing can make you feel stressed, such as a copy machine that never seems to work when you need it or phones that won’t quit ringing. Major stress comes from having too much or not enough work or doing work that doesn’t satisfy you. Conflicts with your boss, coworkers, or customers are other major causes of stress.

Section B (15 minutes, 10 points)

二、汉译英

几年来，北京部分地区的房价翻了两番，使许多年轻人买不起理想小区中的房子。不论房价高涨是什么原因造成的，都会加重家长的经济压力。老百姓对此无计可施，只能表达自己的不满。所幸的是，有数据表明中央政府控制房价的努力已初见成效。

PART VI 写作（30 minutes, 10 points）

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition of no less than 150 words under the title of “A Gift to My Parents.” Your writing should cover the following items:

1.What gift do you think is the most appropriate to your parent?

2.Why do you choose such a gift?

3.When do you think is the most appropriate time to give it?

2012-6

研究生学位英语考试试题

Part One：Listening

Part Two：Vocabulary

1．Please do not be ____ by his bad manners since he is merely trying to attract attention.

A disregarded

B distorted

C irritated

D intervened

2. Craig assured his boss that he would ____ all his energies in doing this new job.

A call forth

B call at

C call on

D call off

3. Too much ____ to X-rays can cause skin burns, cancer or other damage to the body.

A disclosure

B exhibition

C contact

D exposure

4. When confronted with such questions, my mind goes ____, and I can hardly remember my own date of birth.

A dim

B blank

C faint

D vain

5. It is well known that knowledge is the ____ condition for expansion of mind.

A incompatible

B incredible

C indefinite

D indispensable

6. Language, culture, and personality may be considered ____ of each other in thought, but they are inseparable in fact.

A indistinctly

B separately

C irrelevantly

D independently

7. Watching me pulling the calf awkwardly to the barn, the Irish milkmaid fought hard to ____ her laughter.

A hold back

B hold on

C hold out

D hold up

8. The manager gave one of the salesgirls an accusing look for her ____ attitude toward customers.

A impartial

B mild

C hostile

D opposing

9. I ____ with thanks the help of my colleagues in the preparation of this new column.

A express

B confess

C verify

D acknowledge

10. It is strictly ____ that access to confidential documents is denied to all but a few.

A secured

B forbidden

C regulated

D determined

11. The pollution question as well as several other issues is going to be discussed when the Congress is in ____ again next spring.

A assembly

B session

C conference

D convention

12. Christmas is a Christian holy day usually celebrated on December 25th ____ the birth of Jesus Christ.

A in accordance with

B in terms of

C in favor of

D in honor of

13. Since it is too late to change my mind now, I am ____ to carrying out the plan.

A obliged

B committed

C engaged

D resolved

14. It was a bold idea to build a power station in the deep valley, but it ____ as well as we had hoped.

A came off

B went off

C brought out

D make out

15. To survive in the intense trade competition between countries, we must ____ the qualities and varieties of products we make to the world-market demand.

A improve

B enhance

C guarantee

D gear

16. He left early on the ____ that he had a bad toothache and had to see the dentist.

A prescription

B pretext

C knowledge

D precondition

17. The new edition of the encyclopedia ____ many improvements, which is the result of the persistent effort of all the compilers.

A embedded

B embodied

C enchanted

D enclosed

18. The boys and girls ____ together round the camp fire telling stories and singing songs.

A reversed

B clapped

C clustered

D contracted

19. The new underground railway will ____ the journey to all parts of the city.

A consume

B eliminate

C formulate

D facilitate

20. The speaker attracted the audience at the very beginning of the lecture by giving a ____ description of his personal experience.

A global

B gracious

C graphic

D prescriptive

Part Three：Reading

Passage one

The potential of closed-circuit television and other new electronic teaching tools is so great that it is fascinating to visualize “the school of tomorrow”.

Televised lessons will originate from a central building having perhaps four or five master studios. The lessons will be carried into classrooms all over a city, or even an entire country.

After a televised lesson has been given, the classroom teacher will take over for the all-important “follow-up” period. The students will ask troublesome questions, and difficult points will be cleared up through discussion.

The teacher in the classroom will have additional electronic tools. On the teacher’s desk, the traditional bright red apple will have been replaced by a multiple—control panel and magnetic tape players. The tape machines will run prerecorded lessons which pupils will follow by headphones. The lessons will be specifically geared to the students’ levels of ability. For instance, which the class as a whole studies history, each student will receive an individual history lesson, directed to his particular level of ability.

Should questions arise, the students will be able to talk directly to the teacher on individual

“intercoms” without disturbing the rest of the class. In this way, the teacher will be able to conduct as many as three classes at the same time.

1.This article is mainly about_______.

A. television

B. electronics

C. the schools of the future

D. communication

2. Closed-circuit television will probably carry lessons to_____.

A. a single classroom

B. one school

C. all the classrooms in the world

D. all the classrooms in a city or country

3. In the schools of tomorrow, the teacher’s desk will____.

A. contain electronic equipment

B. actually be a television set

C. no longer exist

D. look like an isolation booth4. In the schools of tomorrow, students will

4. In the schools of tomorrow, students will_____.

A. all study different subjects at the same time

B. study at different levels within a subject at the same time

C. not study

D. not have to read books5. Electronic tools will enable the teacher to

5. Electronic tools will enable the teacher to_____.

A. teach more than one class at the same time

B. retire

C. teach only a small number of pupils

D. rely on TV stations only

Passage Two：

Industrial Psychology is the application of various psychological techniques to the selection and training of industrial workers and to the promotion of efficient working conditions and techniques, as well as individual job satisfaction.

The selection of workers for particular jobs is essentially a problem of discovering the special aptitudes and personality characteristics needed for the job and of devising tests to determine whether candidates have such aptitudes and characteristics. The development of tests of this kind has long been a field of psychological research.

Once the worker is on the job and has been trained, the fundamental aim of the industrial psychologist is to find ways in which a particular job can best be accomplished with a minimum of

effort and a maximum of individual satisfaction. The psychologist's function, therefore, differs from that of the so-called efficiency expert, who places primary emphasis on increased production. Psychological techniques used to lessen the effort involved in a given job include a detailed study of the motions required to do the job, the equipment used, and the conditions under which the job is performed. After making such a study, the industrial psychologist often determines that the job in question may be accomplished with less effort by changing the routine motions of the work itself, changing or moving the tools, improving the working conditions, or a combination of several of these methods.

Industrial psychologists have also studied the effects of fatigue on workers to determine the length of working time that yields the greatest productivity. In some cases such studies have proven that total production on particular jobs could be increased by reducing the number of working hours or by increasing the number of rest periods, or "breaks," during the day. Industrial psychologists may also suggest less direct requirements for general improvement of job performance, such as establishing a better line of communication between employees and management.

6. From the first sentence of passage, we learn that the primary objective of industrial psychology is

to study ______.

A. working efficiency that leads to the highest output

B. the working skills and the working environment

C. the techniques leading to the highest productivity

D. the utilization of workers to get the greatest profit

7. A test in industrial psychology is used to find out ______.

A. a worker’s achievements

B. a worker's potential for a certain job

C. a worker's psychological problem

D. a worker's motivation for a certain job

8. The industrial psychologist’s function differs from that of the efficiency experts in that the

former______.

A. places great emphasis on maximum production

B. never cares about the increase of production

C. is mainly concerned with workers' satisfaction

D. worries a lot about those workers in poor working conditions

9. In an industrial psychologist's mind, all of the following is important EXCEPT______.

A. the steps in which work is done

B. the state of mind of a worker when working

C. the effect of working environment on a worker

D. the value of the product a worker is making

10. It is certain that ______.

A. Two breaks in a day lead to higher productivity than one

B. working less hours can yield the highest efficiency

C. communication is increasing between the employers and employees

D. changing tools will help increase the production

Passage Three：

The Welsh language has always been the ultimate marker of Welsh identity, but a generation ago it looked as if Welsh would go the way of Manx. once widely spoken on the isle of Man but now extinct. Government financing and central planning, however, have helped reverse the decline of Welsh. Road signs and official public documents are written in both Welsh and English, and schoolchildren are required to learn both languages. Welsh is now one of the most successful of Europe’s regional languages, spoken by more than a half-million of the country’s three million people.

The revival of the language, particularly among young people, is part of a resurgence of national identity sweeping through this small, proud nation. Last month Wales marked the second anniversary of the opening of the National Assembly, the first parliament to be convened here since 1404. The idea behind devolution was to restore the balance within the union of nations making up the United Kingdom. With most of the people and wealth, England has always had bragging rights. The partial transfer of legislative powers from Westminster, implemented by Tony Blair, was designed to give the other members of the club- Scotland, Northern Ireland, and Wales-a bigger say and to counter centrifugal forces that seemed to threaten the very idea of the union.

The Welsh showed little enthusiasm for devolution. Whereas the Scots voted overwhelmingly for

a parliament, the vote for a Welsh assembly scraped through by less than one percent on a turnout

of less than 25 percent. Its powers were proportionately limited. The Assembly can decide how money from Westminster or the European Union is spent. It cannot, unlike its counterpart in Edinburgh, enact laws. But now that it is here, the Welsh are growing to like their Assembly.

Many people would like it to have more powers. Its importance as figurehead will grow with the opening in 2003, of a new debating chamber, one of many new buildings that are transforming Cardiff from a decaying seaport into a Baltimore-style waterfront city. Meanwhile a grant of nearly two million dollars from the European Union will tackle poverty. Wales is one of the poorest regions in Western Europe- only Spain, Portugal, and Greece have a lower standard of living.

Newspapers and magazines are filled with stories about great Welsh men and women, boosting self-esteem. To familiar faces such as Dylan Thomas and Richard Burton have been added new icons such as Catherine Zeta-Jones, the movie star, and Bryn Terfel, the opera singer. Indigenous foods like salt marsh lamb are in vogue. And Wales now boasts a national airline. Awyr Cymru. Cymru, which means “land of compatriots,” is the Welsh name for Wales. The red dragon, the nation’s symbol since the time of King Arthur, is everywhere- on T-shirts, rugby jerseys and even cell phone covers.

“Until very recent times mos t Welsh people had this feeling of being second-class citizens,” said Dyfan Jones, an 18-year-old student. It was a warm summer night, and I was sitting on the grass with a group of young people in Llanelli, an industrial town in the south, outside the rock music venue of the National Eisteddfod, Wales’s annual cultural festival. The disused factory in front of us echoed to the sounds of new Welsh bands.

“There was almost a genetic tendency for lack of confidence,” Dyfan continued. Equally comfortable in his Welshness as in his membership in the English-speaking, global youth culture and the new federal Europe, Dyfan, like the rest of his generation, is growing up with a sense of possibility unimaginable ten years ago. “We used to think. We can’t do anything, we’re only Welsh. Now I think that’s changing.”

11. According to the passage, devolution was mainly meant to

A. maintain the present status among the nations.

B. reduce legislative powers of England.

C. create a better state of equality among the nations.

D. grant more say to all the nations in the union.

12. The word “centrifugal” in the second paragraph means

A. separatist.

B. conventional.

C. feudal.

D. political

13. Wales is different from Scotland in all the following aspects EXCEPT

A. people’s de sire for devolution.

B. locals’ turnout for the voting.

C. powers of the legislative body.

D. status of the national language.

14. Which of the following is NOT cited as an example of the resurgence of Welsh national identity

A. Welsh has witnessed a revival as a national language.

B. Poverty-relief funds have come from the European Union.√

C. A Welsh national airline is currently in operation.

D. The national symbol has become a familiar sight.

15. According to Dyfan Jones what has changed is

A. people’s mentality.

B. pop culture.

C. town’s appearance.

D. possibilities for the people.

Passage Four：

What is true? What is right? What is beautiful? Science considers what is true, starting out with almost unimaginable ideas (The earth is moving! The future is unpredictable!). The job is to understand these ideas and fit them into a broad and logical picture of the universe. Politics considers what is right. This requires broad understanding and eventual consensus of points of view that often appear incompatible. Art is the development of what is beautiful---whether through words, a musical note, or architecture.

Truth, morality, beauty. It has been humanity’s persistent hope that these three ideas should be consistent with each other. Yet successful activities in science, politics, and art diverge greatly, and I believe the three activities can be pursued initially without regard to each other, or without reconciling the possible conflicts that may arise. Today, there is perceived to be a strong contradiction between the results of science and the requirements of morality; for instance, the application of science has led to the development of nuclear weapons, while international morality seems to demand that such results never be applied —— and that research leading to them should be stopped. I hold a position radically different from the general point of view, believing that contradiction and uncertainty should be enhanced.

Niel Bohr loved contradiction. He would not tolerate the idea that quantum mechanics might some day supersede classical physics. For Bohr, classical physics had to remain in permanent contradiction to quantum mechanics and the tension between them retained as a part of science. In the same way, the impacts of science, politics, and art must remain independent. We must learn to live with contradictions, because they lead to deeper and more effective understanding. The same applies to uncertainty.

According to Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle, only probabilistic predictions can be made about the future. Furthermore, small events can have important consequences. An everyday example is weather forecasting. It is fairly successful for predictions up to 5 days ahead, but if you double that period the predictions are no longer accurate. It is not clear whether long-range

predictions are forever excluded, but the example does illustrate that small causes can have significant effects.

This situation has an obvious analogy in free will. In a completely deterministic world, what we know as free will in humans is reduced to a mere illusion. I may not know that my actions are predetermined in some complicated configuration of my molecules, and that my decisions are nothing more than the realization of what has been inherent in the configuration of electrons. According to quantum mechanics, we cannot exclude the possibility that free will is a part of the process by which the future is created. We can think about the creation of the world as incomplete and human beings, indeed all living beings, as making choices left open to probability.

One may argue that this notion is fantastic. Indeed, Einstein firmly believed in causality, and rejected the relevant part of quantum mechanics. (His famous statement

is that, while God can rule the world by any set of laws, “God does not play dice with the universe.”)Attempts have been made to add laws to quantum mechanics to eliminate uncertainty. Such attempts have not only been unsuccessful, they have not even appeared to lead to any interesting results.

Questions:

16.According to the author, what do science, politics and art each try to explain?

17.What is the strong contradiction mentioned in the second paragraph?

18.What is the author’s attitude toward contradiction?

19.How would the author face uncertainty?

20.What is the main idea of the passage?

Passage Five：

I am afraid to sleep. I have been afraid to sleep for the last few weeks. I am so tired that, finally, I do sleep, but only for a few minutes. It is not a bad dream that wakes me ; it is the reality I took with me into sleep . I try to think of something else. Immediately the woman in the marketplace comes into my mind. I was on my way to dinner last night when I saw her . She was selling skirts. She moved with the same ease and loveliness I often saw in the women of Laos. Her long black hair was as shiny as the black silk of the skirts she was selling. In her hair, she wore three silk ribbons, blue, green, and white. They reminded me of my childhood and how my girlfriends and I used to spend hours braiding ribbons into our hair. I don’t know the word for “ribbons”, so I put my hand to my own hair and , with three fingers against my head , I looked at her ribbons and said “Beautiful.” She lowered her eyes and said nothing. I wasn’t sure if she understood me (I don’t speak Laotian very well).

I looked back down at the skirts. They had designs on them: squares and triangles and circles of pink and green silk. They were very pretty. I decided to buy one of those skirts, and I began to

bargain with her over the price. It is the custom to bargain in Asia. In Laos bargaining is done in soft voices and easy moves with the sort of quiet peacefulness.

She smiled, more with her eyes than with her lips. She was pleased by the few words I was able to say in her language, although they were mostly numbers, and she saw that I understood something about the soft playfulness of bargaining. We shook our heads in disagreement over the price; then, immediately, we made another offer and then another shake of the head. She was so pleased that unexpectedly, she accepted the last offer I made. But it was too soon. The price was too low. She was being too generous and wouldn’t make enough money. I moved quickly and picked up two more skirts and paid for all three at the price set; that way I was able to pay her three times as much before she had a chance to lower the price for the larger purchase. She smiled openly then, and, for the first time in months, my spirit lifted. I almost felt happy.

The feeling stayed with me while she wrapped the skirts in a newspaper and handed them to me. When I left, though, the feeling left, too. It was as though it stayed behind in marketplace. I left tears in my throat. I wanted to cry. I didn’t , of course.

I have learned to defend myself against what is hard; without knowing it, I have also learned to defend myself against what is soft and what should be easy.

I get up, light a candle and want to look at the skirts. They are still in the newspaper that the woman wrapped them in. I remove the paper, and raise the skirts up to look at them again before I pack them. Something falls to floor. I reach down and feel something cool in my hand. I move close to the candlelight to see what I have. There are five long silk ribbons in my hand, all different colors. The woman in the marketplace! She has given these ribbons to me!

There is no defense against a generous spirit, and this time I cry, and very hard, as if I could make up for all the months that I didn’t cry.

Questions:

21. When the author met the woman in the market, what was the woman doing?

22. How can you describe bargaining in Laos?

23. According to the author, why did the woman accept the last offer?

24. Why did the author finally decide to buy three skirts?

25. Why did the writer cry eventually when she looked at the skirts again?

Part Four：Translation

1. A second aspect of technology transfer concentrates on US high technology exports. China has

correctly complained in the past that the US was unnecessarily restrictive in limiting technology sales to China. Recently some liberalization has taken place and major increases in technology transfers have taken place as the result. However, some items continue to be subject to restrictions and unnecessary delay, in part because the US Government submits many items

to COCOM(巴黎统筹委员会) for approval. There is significant room for improvement with the US bureaucracy and COCOM.

2. Good manners are necessary because we are judged by our manners. Our manners not only

show what kind of education we have received and what our social position is, but they also tend to show what our nature is. A person with good manners is always an agreeable companion, because he always thinks of others and shows respect for others.

3. Individualism and collectivism have permeated every aspect of Eastern and Western culture,

influencing American and Chinese economics, politics, morals and values, and especially communication patterns. This is important, for research has proved that the number one cause of failure in international business and relations is not economics or even business but cross-cultural communication.

4. It is known to all that knowledge is power. Young people without knowledge cannot expect to

become assets to society. In order to acquire profound knowledge, they strive to study well in school in the first place. This does not mean that knowledge only consists in books. In most cases, the knowledge from books is no substitute for the knowledge derived from social practices. For this obvious reason, young people should also regard it as indispensable to their acquirement of knowledge to learn earnestly from the experienced people and from society as well. In short, the rightly motivated young people are advised to insist on obtaining knowledge from all kinds of sources.

5. 今天，环境问题变得越来越严重了。世界人口在迅速增长，世界变得更为拥挤，我们差

不多快用尽自然资源。同时，我们也正用有害的化学药物污染环境，长此以往，地球上的生命将无法存在。

6．计算机具有的功能可以使一个公司的人在全国甚至全世界一起工作。但是，如果明天的计算机不是根据使用它们的人们的需要和能力设计的话，那么这种功能将毫无用处。换言之，必须遵循以人为中心的哲学。这就意味着改变计算机以适合人们的长处——观察、交流和创新，而不是要人们按计算机所提出的不自然的要求去做。那样只会导致犯错误。7．我们必须具有得体的举止，原因在于人们通过我们的举止，对我们加以评判。我们的举止表明我们的素质、教养和社会地位如何，得体的举止在社会交往中为他人接受和喜欢。

因为举止得体意味着为他人着想和对他人的尊重。

8．最近对于白日梦的研究表明，白日梦是日常生活中不可缺少的一个部分；人们发现它是

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Good afternoon, my dear professors, it is a great honor to have an opportunity for this inturduce. Guizhou University is the only key university in Guizhou prioritized to develop itself in line with the criteria of the "211 Project" . In November 1951, Mao Zedong, then chairman of the country, inscribed in person the Chinese name of Guizhou University. In August 2004, it was merged again and formed the current new Guizhou University with Guizhou University of Technology. Now the University has nine campuses in different parts in Guiyang. The administrative center is located in the Northern Campus on the Huaxi River. The University covers a total area of 4498 mu. And the University consists of 24 colleges, containing 101 undergraduate specialties, 5 PhD programs, 80 Master's programs and 5 Master's programs for specialized subjects all are authorized to confer degrees. The disciplines cover 11 branches of learning: philosophy, economics, laws, education, liberal arts, history, science, engineering, agriculture, medicine and administration. One of the most famous Professors is the President of our school , Zheng Qiang. He is knowledgeable, hard working, dedicated to the development of Guizhou University. In addition, For the benefit of students，he dares to point out our school problems directly, winning the esteem of college students. Facing the new opportunities and challenges in the 21st century, Guizhou University is striving to develop itself into a high-lever university with local colors . Our school is in construction, and the library of our school is the most majestic of all. What’s more，A great number of attractive sights are near to my school, the Hong feng Lake (Red Maple Lake), Huaxi Park and an abundance of historical relics of the Ming and Qing dynasties, such as the Jiaxiu Tower, and the Qingyan Ancient Town. The reason I like this school is that Guiyang is one of China's Spring Cities like Kunming .The climate is often mild and moist, neither extremely hot nor very cold. And it’s a good place to live and have a visit. THANKS FOR YOUR PATIENCE.

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