高考英语语法填空试题经典

高考英语语法填空试题经典

一、高中英语语法填空

1．阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

It seems to be something in our blood ________ makes human beings want to conquer (征服)" things by climbing them, no matter whether it's Qomolangma --- the ________ (high) peak on Earth ---________ Uluru, a big rock that sits 348 meters above the ground in the central Australian desert. Many ________ (visit) to Uluru climb the rock even though there's no road to it, except for a chain-and-pole path that's been hammered into the rock by early explorers. There's even a sign at the bottom of the rock ________ (write) in seven languages, reading: "Please don't climb."

For starters, the rock has spiritual significance for the local Aboriginal people, and ________(set) foot on it is considered disrespectful. Other concerns include some people leaving litter on top of the rock, and some even urinate (撒尿)on it since there's no toilet up there. When it rains, the human waste is washed down onto the rock, which can be ________ (harm) to the environment. Also, according to ABC News, 35 people ________ (die) so far trying to climb it. This is ________ the Australian government announced earlier this month that climbing Uluru ________ (ban), starting from Oct 26, 2019.

【答案】that；highest；or；visitors；written；setting /to set；harmful；have died；why；will be banned

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，人们很喜欢到澳大利亚中部沙漠去攀登Uluru，这一做法带来了一系列问题，当地政府决定禁止人们攀登这块巨石。

（1）考查定语从句。句意：似乎在我们的血液里有某些东西，让人们想通过攀登来征服事物。本题定语从句的先行词是不定代词something，使用关系代词that来指代先行词，引导定语从句并在句中作主语。所以填that。

（2）考查形容词。句意：似乎在我们的血液里有某些东西，让人们想通过攀登来征服事物。无论它是世界最高峰-珠穆朗玛峰，还是位于澳大利亚中部沙漠中地面以上348米的巨大岩石Uluru。根据常识可知珠穆朗玛峰是世界最高峰，应该使用形容词最高级作定语。所以填highest。

（3）考查连词。句意：似乎在我们的血液里有某些东西，让人们想通过攀登来征服事物。无论它是珠穆朗玛峰—世界最高峰，还是位于澳大利亚中部沙漠中地面以上348米的巨大岩石Uluru。句中使用whether…or…固定短语，"无论......还是......"，连接上下文。所以填or。

（4）考查名词。句意：尽管没有路，但很多游客还是会前往Uluru去攀登这块巨石。所填词在句中充当主语，而且表示人，所以要用visit表示人的名词形式visitor在句中做主语，而形容词many说明应该使用可数名词复数形式，故填visitors。

（5）考查非谓语动词。句意：在巨石的底部用七种语言写着一块牌子：请勿攀登。名词短语a sign与动词write构成被动关系，要用过去分词短语作定语，其作用相当于定语从句。所以填written。

（6）考查非谓语动词。句意：踏上这块岩石被认为是无礼的。本句中可以使用动名词短

语做主语表示经常性习惯性的动作，也可以使用不定式短语做主语表示一次性的动作。所以填setting/to set。

（7）考查形容词。句意：下雨的时候，垃圾废物被冲下岩石，这对环境是有害的。句中应该使用harm的形容词形式与系动词构成系表结构，所以填harmful。

（8）考查时态。句意：根据ABC，到目前为止在攀登巨石时候，已经有35人死亡。句中时间状语so far意为"到目前为止"，通常与现在完成时连用，本句主语是复数名词，所以填have died。

（9）考查表语从句。句意：这就是为什么这个月的早些时候澳大利亚政府宣布将从2019年10月26日开始禁止攀登Uluru。句中表语从句缺少连词，且该表语从句表示最后的结果，why引导表语从句表示最后的结果。所以填why。

（10）考查时态语态。句意：这就是为什么这个月的早些时候澳大利亚政府宣布将从2019年10月26日开始禁止攀登Uluru。本句主语climbing Uluru与动词ban构成被动关系，且表示将来的事情，要用一般将来时的被动语态。所以填will be banned。

【点评】本题考点涉及定语从句，形容词，连词，名词，非谓语动词，时态，表语从句，时态语态等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。

2．阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

The powerful Hurricane Barry weakened but remained a weather nightmare on Tuesday. It ________ (strike) parts of Arkansas with at least six________ (inch) of rain and caused flash flooding that drowned ________animal shelter and killed a puppy.

Heavy rains were falling. The Humane Society of Clark County issued an SOS after flooding drowned its recently rebuilt shelter. "SOS! We are flooded. It's on the building! "the official said in a Facebook post. "We need help! Can any of you keep a dog ________two at your houses? Help! Help! Help!" Video from the scene showed wet dogs wandering loose in the shelter, the floor covered in water. Many offered their homes and yards ________the animals. A short time ________(late), the official posted an update on Facebook________(say) foster homes have been found for all 72 dogs. "We are so blessed! People from all over have come to ________ (we) rescue. Donations. Cleaning. Fostering. It's really________ (impress)." the post said. After the rainfall, a ray of sunshine shone brightly in the states ________the storm burst last week.

【答案】 struck；inches；an；or；to；later；saying；our；impressive；where

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，飓风袭击了阿肯色州的部分地区，并引发了山洪暴发，淹没了一家动物收容所，导致一只小狗死亡。一名官员在Facebook上请求人们救助小狗，为所有72只狗找到了寄养家庭的故事。

（1）考查时态。句意：它袭击了阿肯色州的部分地区，带来了至少6英寸的降雨，并引发了山洪暴发，淹没了一家动物收容所，导致一只小狗死亡。根据上文可知飓风发生在星期四，应用一般过去时。故填struck。

（2）考查名词。句意：它袭击了阿肯色州的部分地区，带来了至少6英寸的降雨，并引发了山洪暴发，淹没了一家动物收容所，导致一只小狗死亡。inch为可数名词，由six修饰

应用复数形式。故填inches。

（3）考查冠词。句意：它袭击了阿肯色州的部分地区，带来了至少6英寸的降雨，并引发了山洪暴发，淹没了一家动物收容所，导致一只小狗死亡。animal shelter为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且animal为元音音素开头的单词。故填an。

（4）考查连词。句意：你们谁能在家里养一只或者两只狗吗?结合语境可知表示“或者”应用or，故填or。

（5）考查介词。句意：许多人把自己的家和院子提供给了这些动物。offer sth. to...固定短语“提供某物给……”，故填to。

（6）考查副词。句意：不久之后，这名官员在Facebook上更新了一条消息，称已经为所有72只狗找到了寄养家庭。表示“不久之后”短语为a short time later，故填later。

（7）考查非谓语动词。句意：不久之后，这名官员在Facebook上更新了一条消息，称已经为所有72只狗找到了寄养家庭。本句中say做非谓语动词与逻辑主语an update构成主动关系，应用现在分词，故填saying。

（8）考查代词。句意：来自世界各地的人们来救助我们。come to one's rescue固定短语，“营救某人”,结合上文we可知应填our，故填our。

（9）考查形容词。句意：这真是令人印象深刻。结合上文It's可知应填形容词作表语，故填impressive。

（10）考查定语从句。句意：雨后，一缕阳光在上周风暴爆发的各州明亮地照耀着。本句为定语从句修饰先行词state，且先行词在从句中做地点状语，故应用关系副词where。故填where。

【点评】本题考点涉及时态，名词，冠词，连词，介词，副词，非谓语动词，代词以及形容词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。

3．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Scientists say crocodiles have outlived dinosaurs ________some 65 million years. One reason why they are such good ________ (survive) is that they can go for a very long time without eating. And they are expert hunters,________(use) their strong jaws to bite their prey(猎物) and then swallow it whole. When they lose a tooth they grow one right back. A crocodile can go through 8,000 ________(tooth) in one lifetime!

What does the expression "crocodile tears" mean? Simply put, "crocodile tears" are fake sadness. You pretend ________(cry) and feel bad for something when in fact you could not care ________(little). A great word to describe it is insincere. The phrase "crocodile tears" comes from an old myth that crocodiles would shed tears while eating their prey. A religious worker wrote that ________ a crocodile found a man by the water, it would kill him if it could. Then the crocodile would cry tears on the man, but then finally swallow ________(he). Another myth suggests ________crocodile is very clever indeed. Crocodiles, the story goes, would cry tears as a false show of guilt or sadness to trick their prey. The prey would come closer and then become

dinner.

Scientists explain that crocodiles DO create tears, but they do not cry. The tears help to clean their eyes. Crying is purely emotional and it ________ (reserve) for us humans.

【答案】 by；survivors；using；teeth；to cry；less；if/when/once；him；the；is reserved 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，解释了短语“鳄鱼的眼泪”的含义，它表示虚假的悲伤。科学家解释说，鳄鱼的确会流泪，但它们不会哭。眼泪有助于清洁他们的眼睛。哭纯粹是感情用事，是人类的天性。

（1）考查介词。句意：科学家说，鳄鱼比恐龙寿命长约6500万年。outlive by固定短语，“比……寿命长”，故填by。

（2）考查名词。句意：它们是如此优秀的幸存者的一个原因是它们可以长时间不吃东西。根据上文good为形容词修饰名词可知应填名词survivor“幸存者”，且主语they are可知应填复数形式，故填survivors。

（3）考查非谓语动词。句意：它们是专业的捕猎者，用它们强有力的下颚来咬它们的猎物，然后把它整个吞下去。本句中use做非谓语动词，与逻辑主语they构成主动关系用现在分词，故填using。

（4）考查名词。句意：一条鳄鱼一生能咬掉8000颗牙!tooth为可数名词，由8000修饰应用复数形式，故填teeth。

（5）考查非谓语动词。句意：你假装哭泣，为某事感到难过，而实际上你根本不在乎。pretend to do sth.固定短语“假装做某事”，故填to cry。

（6）考查形容词。句意：你假装哭泣，为某事感到难过，而实际上你根本不在乎。根据上文”you could not“可知为“否定词+形容词比较级”表示最高级结构，故填less。

（7）考查连词。句意：如果/当/一旦一条鳄鱼在水边发现了一个人，它会杀死他。本句可理解为条件状语从句，表示“如果”，可填if；也可理解为时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”或“一旦”，可填when或once，故填if/when/once。

（8）考查代词。句意：然后鳄鱼会对着他哭，最后把他吞下去。做动词swallow的宾语应用人称代词的宾格形式，故填him。

（9）考查冠词。句意：另一个传说表明鳄鱼确实很聪明。此处表示特指“鳄鱼”这个物种，应用定冠词，故填the。

（10）考查时态语态。句意：哭纯粹是感情用事，是人类的天性。本句中it指代上文crying，且与谓语动词构成被动关系，且描述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为it，故填is reserved。

【点评】本题考点涉及介词，名词，非谓语动词，形容词，连词，代词，冠词以及时态语态等多个知识点的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。

4．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

As Alison Gopnik described in her recent book, there are two kinds of parents in modern America: The Carpenter and the Gardener. The "carpenter" thinks that his or her child

can________(shape). "The idea is that if you just do the right things, get the right skills and read the right books, you're going to be able to turn your child ________a particular kind of adult，" she said

The "gardener", however is seldom concerned about ________ (control) what the child will become and instead provides a protected space ________explore). The style is all about:" creating a rich, nutritious but also variable, diverse, active ecosystem".

Gopnik, a psychology and philosophy professor at the University of California, Berkeley, said." Many parents are carpenters, and ________is really necessary for them to bring up their children." She spent decades researching children's development and finally ________(find) that parents often focused too much on what their children would be as adults. The harm is that parents and their children may become________ (anxiety), tense or unhappy.

"We're so concerned about our children ________ we think have difficulty mastering their own future that we're unwilling to allow them to ________ (free) explore the world." she says. The truth is that the ________ (little) that parents worry about outcomes, the better their children may live in life.

【答案】be shaped；into；controlling；to explore；it；found；anxious；who/that；freely；less

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了现代美国存在的木匠型父母和园丁型父母的特点。

（1）考查语态。句意:“木匠型”父母认为他或她的孩子可以被塑造。可知，此处主语与动词之间为被动关系，又因为空前有情态动词can.。故填be shaped。

（2）考查介词。句意: “木匠型”父母认为他或她的孩子可以被塑造。turn .. into...固定短语，“将......变成......”，故填into。

（3）考查非谓语动词。句意: 然而，“园丁型”父母很少关心孩子会变成什么样，而是提供一个受保护的探索空间。此处用所给词的动名词作介词about的宾语。故填controlling。（4）考查非谓语动词。句意: 然而，“园丁型”父母很少关心孩子会变成什么样，而是提供一个受保护的探索空间。此处用所给词的动词不定式作后置定语，修饰名词space。故填to explore。

（5）考查代词。句意: 很多父母都是“木匠型”父母，对他们来说，把孩子抚养成人是非常必要的。此处为It's十形容词十for sb十to do sth”的结枸，意为“对某人来说，做某事是……”,在该句中是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式。故填it。

（6）考查时态。句意: 她花了几十年的时间研究孩子的发展，最后发现父母往往过于关注孩子成年后的状况。根据并列连词and及前句中的谓语动词spent可知，此处用所给动词的一般过去式。故填found。

（7）考查形容词。句意: 危害在于父母和他们的孩子可能会感到焦虑，紧张或不快乐。此处用所给词的形容词作become的表语。故填anxious。

（8）考查定语从句。句意: 我们非常关心我们的孩子，我们认为他们很难掌握自己的未来，我们不愿意让他们自由探索世界。分析句子结构可知，该空引导的是一个限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语(we think是插入语)且先行词是our children，故此处用关系代词who/that引导该定语从句。故填who/that。

（9）考查副词。句意: 我们非常关心我们的孩子，我们认为他们很难掌握自己的未来，我们不愿意让他们自由探索世界。此处用所给词的副词修饰动词explore。故填freely。（10）考查形容词。句意: 事实是，父母越不担心结果，他们的孩子可能生活得越好。根据句意“事实是，父母对结果的担心越少，他们的孩子的生活就越好”可知，此处用所给形容词的比较级,且枸成“the十比较级,the十比较级”的结枸。故填less。

【点评】本题考点涉及语态，介词，非谓语动词，代词，时态，形容词，定语从句，副词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇社会类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。

5．阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

I remember well the first time I saw Dr. Homes. He had invited Miss Sullivan and me________(call)on him one day.

It was early in the spring, just after I had learned to speak. We________(show)at once to his library where we found him seated in a big armchair by an open fire. There was a smell of print and leather in the room________told me that it was full of books, and I stretched out my hand________(gentle) to find them. My fingers lighted upon a beautiful series ________Tennyson's poems, and when Miss Sullivan told me________it was I began to recite.

But I________(stop) suddenly. I felt tears on my hand. I had made my ________ (love) poet weep, and I felt a deep________(sad). He then made me sit in his armchair,________(bring) me different interesting things for me to examine, and at his request I recited other my favorite poems. After that I saw Dr. Holmes many times and learned to love the man as well as the poet.【答案】to call；were shown；which/that；gently；of；what；stopped；loved/beloved；sadness；bringing

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，节选自海伦凯勒的自传小说《假如给我三天光明》。作者讲述了自己很清楚地记得第一次见到奥利佛·温代尔·霍尔姆斯博士时的情景。（1）考查非谓语动词。句意:他邀请我和苏立文小姐去他家做客。invite somebody to do something,固定短语，“邀请某人做......”动词不定式做宾语补足语,故填to call。

（2）考查时态语态。句意:我们立刻被人领到了他的图书馆,他坐在图书馆里的大扶手椅上,靠着壁炉。句子的主语:We,所以是被别人领着,应该用被动语态,作者回忆已经发生过的事情,所以时态用过去式,故填were shown。

（3）考查定语从句。句意:房子里面有一股油墨和皮革的味道,这里显然到处都是书。后面的定语从句修饰先行词smell,指物,关系代词在从句中做主语,故填which/that。

（4）考查副词。句意:于是我轻轻地伸手摸索起来。副词修饰动词"stretched out",所以填gentle的副词形式,故填gently。

（5）考查介词。句意:我的指尖无意中落在了Tennyson的一套诗集上。a series of,固定短语“一套”故填of。

（6）考查宾语从句。句意:当Miss Sullivan把诗集的名字告诉我以后,我就开始背诵。动词told后跟宾语从句,宾语从句中缺少was的表语,诗集叫什么？故填what。

（7）考查时态。句意:突然间,我停止了背诵。作者回忆已经发生过的事情,时态应为一般过去式,故填stopped。

（8）考查形容词。句意:我已经使我所钟爱的诗人落泪。形容词修饰名词poet,所以填love 的形容词形式,故填loved/beloved。

（9）考查名词。句意:我也感到了巨大的忧伤。冠词和形容词都提示应该填名词,所以要填sad的名词形式,故填sadness。

（10）考查非谓语动词。句意:他让我坐在他的扶手椅上,同时,他还拿出了很多有趣的东西让我查验。he与bring在逻辑上是主动关系,所以应该用bring现在分词做伴随状语。故填bringing。

【点评】本题考点涉及非谓语动词，时态语态，定语从句，副词，介词，宾语从句，名词以及形容词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。

6．语法填空

In China, the history of people planting and using bamboo can date back as far as 7000 years. As early as the Shang Dynasty, bamboo was being used in ancient peopled dally lives. It was used for food, clothing, housing, transportation, ________ (music) instruments and even weapons.

The ________ (apply) of bamboo in science and technology is thrilling. In 251 BC, Li Bing, in Sichuan,________ (lead) the local people in building the Dujiang Weirs, the first irrigation network in the world, in which bamboo played ________ important role. The world's oldest water piper was also ________ (make) of bamboo. During the Han Dynasty, the people in Sichuan ________ (success) sank a 1600-metre-deep well with thick bamboo ropes. This technology did not spread to Europe ________ the 19th century, and it was by using the technology ________ the Americans drilled the first oil well in Pennsylvania in 1859.

In Chinese culture, bamboo is well-known as ________ of the "four gentlemen" in plants. To many distinguished men, bamboo is a symbol of goodness and honesty. It is always closely related to people of positive spirits. Bamboo culture contributes to encouraging People to hold on when ________ (face) tough situations.

【答案】 musical；application；led；an；made；successfully；until；that；one；facing 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了竹子在人类历史上所起的重要作用。

（1）考查形容词。空后是名词instruments，应该使用形容词作定语修饰该名词，故填musical。

（2）考查名词。前有定冠词the修饰，且该短语在句中作主语，所以使用名词，填application。

（3）考查时态。本句介绍历史上李冰在四川带领当地人修建都江堰的故事，所以使用一般过去时，句中的谓语动词应该使用过去式，填led。

（4）考查冠词。play a role in....固定短语，“在……中起作用”。形容词important作为动词修饰role，因为该词以元音音素开头，所以使用an，故填an。

（5）考查非谓语动词。be made of固定短语，“由……制成”。世界上最古老的水管也是由竹子制成的，故填made。

（6）考查副词。在英语中副词通常作状语修饰形容词、副词、动词或整个句子。本句中

副词successfully修饰谓语动词，在句中作状语，故填successfully。

（7）考查连词。not...until...固定短语，“直到……才……”，该连词短语在句中引导时间状语从句。竹子直到19世纪才传到欧洲。故填until。

（8）考查强调句型。强调句型的基本结构是：It is/was+被强调成分+that/who+其他成分；本句中强调句型强调的是方式状语by using the technology，故填that。

（9）考查数词。句意：在中国文化中，竹子作为四君子之一而出名。one of + 名词复数表示“……之一”。故填one。

（10）考查非谓语动词。句意：竹子文化有助于鼓励人们在面对困难处境时坚持下去。本句连词when的后面省略了people are，故用现在分词，填facing。

【点评】本题考点涉及形容词，名词，时态，冠词，非谓语动词，副词，连词，强调句型以及数词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。

7．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Car registration plates (牌照) are just a series of numbers and letters, right? Well, yes…but not for everyone.

France was the first country ________ (introduce) plates in 1893. Early number plates differed ________ shape and size, and were made of lots of different materials, including iron, cardboard and even pressed soybeans. In fact, it was not until 1957 ________ car manufacturers and the governments agreed on standardized plates. ________ was first registered in the UK was A1. The letter "A" showed the number was from London, while the number "1" showed it was the first number issued. At the moment, number plates ________ (consist) of a sequence of letters and numbers are applied in the UK.

Different EU countries also use different arrangements of numbers and letters, and ________ (they) systems have changed many times because these letter-number ________ (combine) keep running out. In the past decades, some number plates ________ (become) extremely valuable, particularly those that spell out words. ________ (basic), numbers on the plates can be used to represent words or parts of words. For example, "NVERLA8" means "Never Late". And the most ________ (expense) number ever was "M1" which an anonymous buyer has acquired for ￡331,000.

【答案】to introduce；in；that；What；consisting；their；combinations；have become；Basically；expensive

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了车牌的发展史，包括材质、形状以及车牌上数字和字母所代表的含义等。

（1）考查非谓语动词。句意：1893年，法国是第一个引入车牌的国家。分析句子可知，此处为固定句型“be+形容词+to do sth.”，故填to introduce。

（2）考查介词。句意：早期车牌在形状和大小上都不相同。differ in固定短语，“在……方面不同”，故填in。

（3）考查强调句型。句意：事实上，直到1957年，汽车制造商和政府才就标准化车牌达

成一致。分析句子可知，此处为强调句型“it is/was not until…that…”，意为“直到……才”，故填that。

（4）考查主语从句。句意：在英国首次注册的是A1。分析句子可知，此句为主语从句，从句缺少主语，因此需要连接代词what做主语，且在句首需大写，故填What。

（5）考查非谓语动词。句意：目前，由一系列字母和数字组成的车牌在英国适用。分析句子可知，number plates与consist是逻辑上的主动关系，因此需使用现在分词作定语，故填consisting。

（6）考查代词。句意：不同的欧盟国家之间也使用不同的数字和字母安排，他们的系统已经改变了很多次，因为这些字母和数字的组合在不断耗尽。修饰名词systems需用形容词性物主代词，故填their。

（7）考查名词。句意：不同的欧盟国家之间也使用不同的数字和字母安排，他们的系统已经改变了很多次，因为这些字母和数字的组合在不断耗尽。these为修饰可数名词复数的指示代词，应使用名词复数。故填combinations。

（8）考查时态。句意：在过去的几十年里，一些车牌变得极其宝贵，特别是那些拼出单词的车牌。分析句子可知，in the past decades一般与现在完成时连用，主语some number plates是复数概念，故填have become。

（9）考查副词。句意：基本上，盘子上的数字可以表示单词或部分单词。分析句子可知，修饰整个句子时要使用副词，故填Basically。

（10）考查形容词。句意：有史以来，最贵的一个车牌是一名匿名买家以331000英镑购买的M1。分析句子可知，修饰名词number需用形容词，故填expensive。

【点评】本题考点涉及非谓语动词，介词，强调句，主语从句，代词，名词，时态，副词以及形容词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。

8．阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式(每空至多3词)。

When an important holiday comes, I usually think of what gifts to buy or prepare for my family members. It is the act itself rather than the thing you buy that ________(matter). Either a small present, a text message or a phone call can mean a lot to the receivers. ________, I had never got anything from my son, who is a university student. Parents never forget to celebrate their children's birthday, but their children seem to be very ________ (forget). They seldom do something in return.

Life is unpredictable, and you never know what will happen tomorrow. When my son came back during the summer vacation, my wife and I, as usual, ________ (meet) him at the station. ________arriving home, much to my surprise, my son took out a wrist watch and gave it to me, ________ (say) it was a birthday gift for me. It is a very fashionable watch, ________ shows not only hours, minutes and seconds but days as well. You can imagine how surprised and excited I was at that moment.

Some people say children get too much care and love from their parents and just take them for

granted. It is natural for people to have such concerns and ________(worry), but things may not turn out as badly as ________ (expect). We need to look more at the positive side of life, as a famous writer once said, "Life is ________best classroom one can never get."

【答案】matters；However；forgetful；met；On/Upon；saying；which；worries；expected；the

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者最开始认为父母对孩子的爱从来都没有回报，但通过儿子暑假回来送给他一块手表作为生日礼物这件事改变了作者的看法。

（1）考查主谓一致及时态。句意：重要的是行为本身而不是你买的东西。此处描述的客观事实，应使用一般现在时；同时这里用了强调句“It is +强调部分+that...”，强调句的特点是去掉It is 和that剩余句子成分还能构成完整句子，matter是动词“重要”的意思，陈述句是The act itself rather than the thing you buy matters。故填matters。

（2）考查副词。根据文章第一句“When an important holiday comes, I usually think of what gifts to buy or prepare for my family members.”每当重要的节日到来，我通常会考虑给家人买或准备什么礼物和第四句“I had never got anything from my son,”我从未收到我儿子的任何东西，可知，前后有转折关系，再加上空格后面有逗号，应使用转折副词however。故填However。

（3）考查形容词。句意：父母永远不会忘记庆祝他们孩子的生日。seem to be固定短语，“好像是...”后面加形容词或名词，这里可以判断是形容词“健忘的”。故填forgetful。

（4）考查时态。句意：像往常一样我太太和我去车站接他。根据“When my son came back dur ing the summer vacation,”这个时间状语从句可以判断主句“my wife and I, as usual, ___4___ (meet) him at the station.”中的meet也用过去式。故填met。

（5）考查介词。句意：让我们大为吃惊的是，一到家我儿子就拿出一块表送给我。介词后面加名词、代词、动名词，arriving 是动名词，根据句意可以判断用on/upon表示“一...就”。故填On/Upon。

（6）考查非谓语动词。句意：让我们大为吃惊的是，一到家我儿子就拿出一块表送给我，说是给我的生日礼物。动词say和前面句子没有连词连接说明say不能和谓语动词took out 同等地位，即say 是非谓语动词，它和逻辑主语my son是主动关系，应使用现在分词saying。故填saying。

（7）考查定语从句。句意：它是块非常时尚的手表，不但有时针、分针和秒针还有日期。空格处缺少主语，前面先行词a very fashionable watch是物做后面从句主语，有逗号隔开是非限制性定语从句，应使用关系代词which。故填which。

（8）考查名词。句意：人们关心和担忧是很自然的。并列连词and前面是可数名词复数concerns“关心的事情”，可以判断worry在这里是可数名词“担忧的事情”，也应使用复数形式。故填worries。

（9）考查非谓语动词。句意：事情不会和预期的一样糟糕。as+形容词/副词+as和...一样，引导比较状语从句，as badly as后面完整句子应该是things are expected，在状语从句中当主句的主语和从句的主语是同一个，可以省去从句主语和系动词，只保留动词，这里expect应为被动，所以用过去分词expected。故填expected。

（10）考查冠词。句意：生活是人们能够得到的最好课堂。这里best是形容词good的最

高级修饰后面名词classroom, 形容词最高级要加定冠词the。故填the。

【点评】本题考点涉及主谓一致，时态，副词，形容词，时态，介词，定语从句，名词，非谓语动词以及冠词等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。

9．阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Jackie Robinson made his debut (初次露面) with the Brooklyn Dodgers on April 15,1947, and broke the color barrier ________African Americans in baseball.

"It was the most ________ (eager) expected debut in the history of the national pastime," sports author Robert wrote. "It ________(represent) both the dream and the fear of equal opportunity, ________ it would change forever the color of the game and the attitudes of Americans."

________quietly tolerating harsh racist treatment from baseball fans and team members________(like), Robinson rose to Rookie of the Year and proved himself to be one of the most________(talent) and fiercest players in the game. Just two years into the Major Leagues, Robinson won the National League Most Valuable Player Award. He'd go on to play in six World Series and helped give the Dodgers ________ World Series win in 1955.

Off the field, Robinson was a forefather of the Civil Rights Movement, speaking out against ________ (race) discrimination and ________ (push) baseball to use its economic influence to fight against racialism.

【答案】 for；eagerly；represented；and；After；alike；talented；a；racial；pushing

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，杰基·罗宾逊于1947年4月15日在布鲁克林道奇队首次亮相，并在棒球比赛中为非裔美国人打破了肤色障碍。

（1）考查介词。句意：杰基·罗宾逊于1947年4月15日在布鲁克林道奇队首次亮相，并在棒球比赛中为非裔美国人打破了肤色障碍。表示“为……”，所以填for。

（2）考查副词。句意：这是这项全国性运动历史上最受期待的首次亮相。该空修饰形容词expected，用副词，所以填eagerly。

（3）考查时态。句意：它代表了机会均等的梦想和恐惧，它将永远改变比赛的颜色和美国人的态度。表示发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时，所以填represented。

（4）考查连词。句意：它代表了机会均等的梦想和恐惧，它将永远改变比赛的颜色和美国人的态度。表示并列关系，所以填and。

（5）考查连词。句意：在默默忍受了球迷和队友的种族歧视之后，罗宾逊成为了年度最佳新秀，并证明了自己是比赛中最有天赋和最勇猛的球员之一。根据句意文中表示“在……之后”，句子第一个单词的首字母大写，所以填After。

（6）考查副词。句意：在默默忍受了球迷和队友的种族歧视之后，罗宾逊成为了年度最佳新秀，并证明了自己是比赛中最有天赋和最勇猛的球员之一。表示“两者都，同样地”，所以填alike。

（7）考查形容词。句意：在默默忍受了球迷和队友的种族歧视之后，罗宾逊成为了年度最佳新秀，并证明了自己是比赛中最有天赋和最勇猛的球员之一。该空修饰名词players，

用形容词，所以填talented。

（8）考查冠词。句意：他后来参加了六次世界大赛，并帮助道奇队在1955年赢得了一次世界大赛。文中泛指“一次世界大赛”，World的首字母发音是辅音，所以填不定冠词a。（9）考查形容词。句意：在球场之外，罗宾逊是民权运动的鼻祖，公开反对种族歧视，推动棒球运动利用其经济影响力对抗种族主义。该空修饰名词discrimination，用形容词，所以填racial。

（10）考查非谓语动词。句意：在球场之外，罗宾逊是民权运动的鼻祖，公开反对种族歧视，推动棒球运动利用其经济影响力对抗种族主义。介词against之后，用v+ing形式，所以填pushing。

【点评】本题考点涉及介词，副词，时态，连词，形容词，冠词，非谓语动词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。

10．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Kiwis are endangered little birds native to New Zealand. It ________ (believe) that these small birds exist as a result of New Zealand's isolation (隔离)from the other parts of the world, forcing animals there ________ (adapt)and evolve (进化)so as to be able to survive and reproduce. The evolution is what has led to the present________(appear) of the kiwi bird.

Kiwis are a national symbol of New Zealand, with the name kiwi ________(be) associated with many things in New Zealand including their famous rugby national team.

Kiwis have excellent memories and can remember something that ________(happen) as long as five years back. Even though they have feathers, their feathers look and feel ________ (much) like hair rather than feathers.

This enables them to be able to hide in a bush and go ________ (complete) unnoticed by their natural enemies.

Unlike most birds, the kiwi bird has a great sense of smell ________ enables them to sniff out prey (猎物)hidden in bushes and underground.

The smallest kiwi bird has ________ height of 45 centimeters and wight of 2 kilograms while the largest kiwi can grow________ 50 centimeters tall and can weigh 3.5 kilograms.

【答案】is believed；to adapt；appearance；being；happened；more；completely；that/which；a；to

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了几维鸟的相关信息。

（1）考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：人们认为，这些小鸟的存在是新西兰与世界其他地方隔绝的结果。此处是陈述种客观事实，故应该使用一般现在时；It is believed that... “据人们认为……”，因此填一般现在时的被动语态。故填is believed。

（2）考查非谓语动词。句意：迫使那里的动物适应和进化，以便能够生存和繁殖。force...to do sth.固定短语，“强迫……做某事”，故填to adapt。

（3）考查名词。句意：这种进化导致了几维鸟的出现。present在句中为形容词，因此应该填入所给形容词的名词形式。故填appearance。

（4）考查非谓语动词。句意：几维鸟是新西兰的国家象征，kiwi这个名字与新西兰的许

多事物都有联系，包括新西兰著名的橄榄球队。此处是“with+名词+分词”结构，由于kiwi 与动词短语be associated with之间是主动关系，因此填所给词的现在分词形式。故填being。

（5）考查时态。句意：几维鸟的记忆力很好，他们能记住五年前发生的事情。故应该使用一般过去时，因此应该填入所给动词的过去式。故填happened。

（6）考查形容词。句意：尽管它们有羽毛，但它们的羽毛看上去和摸起来都更像是茸毛而非羽毛。因此填形容词的比较级。故填more。

（7）考查副词。句意：这使得它们能够躲在灌木丛中，完全不被天敌发现。此处是用于修饰过去分词unnoticed，因此用副词，填completely。

（8）考查定语从句。句意：与大多数鸟类不同的是，几维鸟有很强的嗅觉，能够嗅出隐藏在灌木丛和地下的猎物。此处是一个限制性定语从句，先行词是a great sense of smell，指物，且引导词在定语从句中作主语，因此填关系代词that或which，引导该限制性定语从句。故填that/which。

（9）考查冠词。句意：最小的几维鸟身高45厘米，体重2公斤。have a height of... 固定短语，“有……高”，因此填冠词a。故填a。

（10）考查介词。句意：而最大的几维鸟可以长到50厘米高，重3.5公斤。介词to后接数字表示能到达多高。故填to。

【点评】本题考点涉及时态语态，主谓一致，非谓语动词，名词，形容词，副词，定语从句，冠词以及介词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。

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