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情态动词表推测的讲解及练习题

九年级英语表推测语气的讲解与练习

表推测时，英语中只使用must,may,might,may not和can't。这五个表达的语气依次递减：

must:一定（语气肯定）

may：也许（不很肯定）

might：或许（比may语气更弱）

may not：也许不（表否定）

can't：一定不（must的反义）

推测现在的事情用must,may,might,may not和can't+do或be

e.g.She must be at home now.

The boy may play now.

推测过去的事情用must,may,might,may not和can't+have done

e.g.She might have been ill yesterday.

He must have hold the party.

情态动词must, can, could, may, might表推测的用法

情态动词中的must, can, could, may, might都表推测。其中must的可能性最大，can / could次之，may / might最小。具体用法如下：

1.must的用法

（1）表示推测“可能性”时，意思是“一定、准是”，语气较肯定，较有把握。He must be American. = It is certain that he is American. 他准是个美国人。

（2）must表推测只能用于肯定句。如果要表示“一定不、肯定不”的意思时，应用can’t,如询问某种可能时，应用can。

He must know my address. 他肯定知道我的地址。（一定）

He can’t know my address. 他肯定不知道我的地址。（一定不）

Can he know my address? 他知道我的地址吗？（询问可能性）

（3）must表示推测时，可以推测现在/正在发生的动作/过去发生的动作。

He must have a car now. （现在）他一定有辆小汽车。

He must be doing his exercises in the classroom.（正在进行）他一定在教室里做练习。

He must have finished the work.（过去发生）他一定已完成了工作。

注：must表示推测时很少用于将来的情况。一般不用He must come tomorrow.可用It`s certain / I’m sure that he will come tomorrow.

（4）在反意疑问句中，当附属部分含有表示推测意义的must时，疑问部分的助动词应与must后面的动词在非推测情况下的用法保持一致。

He must be a worker, isn’t he? （现在）他准是个工人，是吗？

It must have rained last night, didn’t it? （过去）昨晚一定下雨了，是不是？

You must have learned English for many years, haven’t you? （完成时）你一定学了好多年英语，是吗？

2.can / could的用法

（1）can表示推测“可能性”时，往往用于否定句或疑问句。Can’t“一定不”，语气很肯定。can在疑问句中意思是“会、可能”。用于肯定句时，表示理论上的，潜在的可能性（有倾向，实际上未必会发生或者不涉及实际是否发生）往往与sometimes 或者someone 有关。

Accidents can happen.

He can’t be at home. = It is impossible that he is at home. 他一定不在家。

（2）can /can’t后可接进行时/完成时，表示对现在发生的动作或过去发生的动作进行推测。

They can’t be reading in the library. 他们一定不在图书馆读书。

He can’t have gone to Shanghai for I saw him a minute ago.

他不可能去了上海，我刚才还看见他。

It’s so late. Where can s he have gone? 天晚了，她可能去哪儿了呢？

（3）在反意疑问句中，当陈述部分含有表示推测意义的can’t时，疑问部分的助动词应与can’t后面的动词在非推测情况下的用法保持一致.

He can’t be a teacher, is he? 他不是教师，是吗？

She can’t have finished her homework, has she? 她一定没有完成家庭作业，是不是？

could可用于表示某事有可能发生表示可能性不大的推测。意思相当于may/might Don’t eat it. It could be poisonous. 不要吃它，可能有毒。

The plane could be delayed by fog. 飞机可能会因为雾晚点。

（5）could还可以用于表示客气、委婉、礼貌的请求语气。

Excuse me, could you tell me the way to the bus station?

Could you help me?

（6）couldn’t表示否定推测，表示某事不可能真实，或由于特定事实或环境某事肯定不会发生。

It couldn’t possib ly be poison. 这不可能是毒药。

表示对过去发生的事推测，常常和have done 连用

He was not at home last night . He could/ might have gone to movies.

I didn't see her at the meeting yesterday; she couldn't have spoken at the meeting.

3. may和might的用法

（1）may, might表示推测“可能性”时，意思是“可能”、“也许”，语气没有must 肯定。

He may / might be American. = It is possible that he is American.

他可能是个美国人。

注：might不表示过去时态，只是语气上比may更委婉，表示的可能性更小。

（2）may, might表推测时，可以用于否定句，意思是“可能不、也许不”，但不用于疑问句。

He may / might not be at home. 他也许不在家。

（3）may, might可以推测现在正在发生的动作或过去发生的动作。

He may / might be sleeping now. （现在）他可能正在睡觉。

The boy may / might not be watching TV at home. （现在）

这个男孩可能没在家看电视

These students may / might have seen the film before.（过去）

这些学生以前可能看过这部电影。

（4）may, might还可以推测将来的情况。

I think we should take raincoat with us, it may rain.

我想我们应该带上雨衣，可能要下雨了。

She might not come this afternoon. 她今天下午可能不来

能用于表推测的情态动词：must, can, could, will, would, may, might, should, ought to

1.在肯定句中一般用must (一定)，may（可能），might / could（也许，或许）。

（1）He must/may/might know the answer to this question?

他一定/可能/也许知道这个问题的答案。

（2）It is cold in the room. They must have turned off the heating.

屋里很冷，他们肯定把暖气关了。

2.否定句中用can’t / couldn’t(不可能), may not/might not(可能不)。

（1）It can’t/couldn’t be the headmaster. He has gone to America.

这不可能是校长，他去美国了。

（2）He may not/might not know the scientist.

他也许不认识那位科学家。

3.疑问句中用can/could (能……?)。

（1）Could he have finished the task? 他可能把任务完成了吗？

（2）Can he be at home now? 他现在能在家吗？

注：以上三种句式中情态动词的语气按程度都是依次递减的。Might, could 并非may, can的过去式，而表示语气较为委婉或可能性较小。

（1）She must / may / might / could arrive before 5. 5:00前她一定/可能/也许到。

（2）She must/may/might/could walk miles and miles among the hills without meeting

anyone. 她一定/可能/也许会在山里一连走好几英里而遇不到一个人。

（1）He must / may / might / could be listening to the radio now.

他一定/可能/也许正在听收音机。

（2）He can’t ( couldn’t ) / may ( might ) not be at home at this time.

这个时候他不可能/可能不在家。

（3）Mr. Bush is on time for everything .How can ( could ) he be late for the opening ceremony ? 布什先生一向准时，这次开幕式他怎么可能迟到呢？

（1）It must / may / might / could have rained last night .The ground is wet.

地湿了，昨晚肯定/可能/也许下雨了。

（2）The door was locked. He can ( could ) not / may ( might ) not have been at home .

门锁着，他不可能/可能不在家。

（3）Can / Could he have gotten the book？难道他找到书了吗？

注：情态动词 should /ought to表推测时，意为“想必会，理应……”但与“have +过

去分词”连用时，则又可构成虚拟语气意为“本应该做某事却没做”。例如：

（4）It’s seven o’clock. Jack should/ought to be here at any moment.

现在七点钟了，杰克理应随时到达。（推测）

（5）She should / ought to have attended your birthday party, but she had to look after her mother in hospital. （虚拟）

她本该出席你的生日晚会的，可是她得在医院照顾她妈妈。

（6）Tom should not /ought not to have told me your secret, but he meant no harm. （虚拟）汤姆本不该告诉我你的秘密，可是他并无恶意。

补充强调：推测的句型特点（对某一次的推测句型有两部分：语气和时态）

（1）语气部分：（以下情态动词语气由强至弱）

肯定句：must、may、might（=could）

否定句：can’t（=couldn’t）、mayn’t、mightn’t

疑问句：can、could（语气更加委婉不确定）

（2）时态部分：

be have done

be doing

语气部分写在前时态部分写在后，组合在一起就是推测

（三）几组表推测的情态动词用法

“情态动词＋完成时”是历年高考的热点，在做此类练习时，既需要掌握这一结构的基本用法，又应该仔细体会题干所提供的语言信息，准确理解语言环境和说话人的含义，尤其要注意题干中时态给予的暗示。

1.must have done表示对已经发生的事情的推测，意为“

种肯定的推测。这种结构一般只用于肯定句，其否定形式是

表示“不可能，肯定不会”。例如：

He didn’t hear the phone . He must have been asleep.

他没有听到电话响，他肯定是已经睡着了。

He must have been to Shanghai. 他一定去过上海。

They can’t have gone out , because the light is on . 他们不可能出去，因为灯亮着。

2. can（could）have done表示对过去的时间内可能发生的事情的猜测，can have done 一般只用于否定句和疑问句。could have done 还可以用于肯定句，常用来表示本来可能完成而实际未完成的动作。例如：

He can’t have finished the work so soon. 这项工作他不可能完成得这样快。

We could have walked to the station , it was so near . 我们本来是可以走到车站去的，路很近。

3. may（might）have done

（1）表示对已经发生的事情的不太肯定的推测，意为“可能已经，或许已经”。

（2）虚拟用法表示本可以做，但却没做（表示很委屈地责备）

If we had taken the other road , we might have arrived earlier.

如果我们选择另一条路，我们可能会到得早一些。

He might have given you more help, he was very busy.

他本来是可以给你更多帮助的，尽管他很忙。

4. needn’t have done 指实际上做了本来不必要做的事，意为“本来不必”。例如：There was pl enty of time . She needn’t have hurried.

时间很充裕，她本不必匆忙。

You needn’t have told him the news.

他本来不必把这个消息告诉他。

5. should （ought to ）have done指本该做而实际未做的事，意为“本来应该”。其否定式shouldn’t（oughtn’t）have done 则表示某种行为不该发生但却发生了。例如：

You should have started earlier , but you didn’t.

你本应该早一点出发，但是你没有。

You ought to have helped him （but you didn’t ）. 你本应该帮助他。

We shouldn’t have waited for her because she never came.

我们本不应该等她，因为她根本不会来。

6.Would have done 本想做（却没做）wouldn’t have done 本不想做（却做了）

I would have helped you, but I was too busy.

我本想帮你，但我太忙了。

小试牛刀

一、单项选择

1 John___ come to see us tonight, but he isn't very sure yet.

A. may

B. need

C. can’t

D. must

2 John isn’t in the classroom. He play soccer on the playground with Bob.

A. can

B. must

C. shou ld

D. can’t

3 That _______not be her husband . She is still single.

A. may

B.can

C. could

D. might

4 You___ go and see a doctor at once because you got a fever.

A. can

B. must

C. dare

D. would

5 -Can you speak Japanese? -No, I____.

A. mustn't

B. can't

C. needn't

D. may not

6 -He___ be in the classroom, I think.

-No, he ___ be in the classroom. I saw him go home a minute ago.

A．can; may not B. must; may not C. may; can't D. may; mustn't 7 -Is Lena swimming in the pool?

-No, she swim. She is terrified of water.

A. may not

B. must not

C. can't

D. needn't

8 He isn't at school. I think he ___ be ill.

A. can

B. shall

C. must

D. might

9 -What do you think “upset” mea ns?

- I’m not sure. It mean “sad”.

A.may

B. must

C. can

D. should

10 The children___ play football on the road.

A. can't

B. can

C. mustn't

D. must

11.The road is wet . It ______last night.

A. must rain

B. must have rained

C. could have rained

D. can have rained

12 .He ______you more help , even though he was busy .

A might have given

B might not give

C may not have given

D may give

练一练

1. Look! The light is out in her room. She ———— to bed already.

A. must go

B. had to go

C.must have gone

D.has gone

2. We had a wonderful time yesterday. You ———— .Why didn't you come?

A. had to come

B.should have come

C.might have come

D.must have come

3. ─There were already five peop le in the car but they managed to take me as well.

─ It______ a comfortable journey.

A. can't be

B. shouldn't be

C. mustn't have been

D. couldn't have been

4. My sister met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday afternoon, so he ___ your lecture.

A. couldn't have attended

B. needn't have attended

C. mustn't have attended

D. shouldn't have attended

5. I was really anxious about you. You _____ home without a word.

A. mustn't leave

B. Shouldn't have left

C. Couldn't have left

D. needn't leave

6. Oh, I’m not feeling well in the stomach,I_____ so much fried chicken just now.

A. shouldn’t cut

B. mustn’t have eaten

C. shouldn’t have eaten

D. mustn’t eat

7. Mr.White _____ at 8:30 for the meeting, but he didn’t’ show up.

A. should have arrived

B. should arrive

C. should have had arrived

D. should be arriving

8. You ______ be tired - you've only been working for an hour.

A. must not

B. won' t

C. can' t

D. may not

9. - Isn' t that Ann's husband over there?

- No, it _______ be him -I'm sure he doesn't wear glasses.

A. can't

B. must not

C. won't

D. may not

10. There ____ be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practised a lot in the driving school.

A . mustn’t B. shan’t C. shouldn’t D.needn’t

11. I was on the highway when this car went past followed by a police car. They

______ at lease 150 km an hour.

A. should have been doing

B. must have been doing

C. could have done

D. would have done

12. He _____ have completed his work; otherwise, he wouldn’t be enjoying himself by the seaside.

A. should

B. must

C. wouldn’t

D. can’t

13. ---- The woman biologist stayed in Africa studying wild animals for 13 years before she returned.---- Oh, dear! She _______ a lot of difficulties!

A. may go through

B. might go through

C. ought to have gone through

D. must have gone through

14. This cake is very sweet. You __________ a lot of sugar in it.

A．should put B．could have put C．might put D．must have put 15. —Catherine, I have cleaned the room for you.

—Thanks. You it. I could manage it myself.

A．needn’t do B．needn’t have done

C．mustn’t do D．shouldn’t have done

16.—Tom is never late for work. Why is he absent today?

—Something ________ to him.

A．must happen B．should have happened

C．could have happened D．must have happened

情态动词+have done 结构

1．---You didn’t wait for Mr. Smith last night, did you?

---No, but we ______. He didn’t return home at all.

A. couldn’t have waited

B. needn’t have

C. didn’t need to

D. should wait

2．Harry ______ have won the Physics competition easily yesterday, but he gave up.

A. could

B. might

C. should

D. must

3．---May I speak to your manager Mr. Smith at six o’clock tonight ?”

---“I’m sorry, Mr. Smith to a conference before then.”

A. will have gone

B. had gone

C. would have gone

D. has gone

4．---Tom took away our teacher’s cell phone without being permitted.

--- Really? I can’t imagin e that he _______ have done such a thing.

A. must

B. may

C. can

D. should

6．The weather turned out to be fine yesterday. I_________ the trouble to carry my umbrella with me .

A. should have taken

B. could have taken

C. needn't have taken

D. mustn't have taken

7．He paid for a seat, when he ______ have entered free.

A. could

B. would

C. must

D. need

8．I didn’t see her in the meeting room this morning. She at the

meeting .

A. mustn’t have spoken

B. mightn’t have spoken

C. can’t have spoken

D. shouldn’t have sp oken

9．--- Hi, is that Peter Brown?

---Sorry. You ______ the wrong number .

A. must dial

B. must have dialed

C. should dial

D. should have dialed

10．I was on the highway when this car went past followed by a police car . They ______ at least 150 kilometers an hour .

A. should have been doing

B. must have been doing

C. could have done

D. would have done

11. He is not poor. You ____ have lent him the money.

A. can’t

B. needn’t

C. couldn’t

D. mustn’t

12. There was plenty of time. You ___ have hurried.

A. won’t

B. mustn’t

C. needn’t

D. couldn’t

13.He paid for a seat, when he ___ have entered free. (05 山东)

A. could

B. would

C. must

D. need

--- On, it ___ my brother, Peter.

A. must be

B. must have been

C. can have been

D. might be

14. I ____ here in time, but I met an old friend of mine. I stopped and talked with him for some time.

A. shouldn’t have come

B. must have come

C. needn’t have come

D. could have come

15. They ____ have finished the work yesterday, but it was raining hard.

A. must

B. could

C. should

D. might

16.Something ___ to him. ( 05江西22题)

A. must happen

B. should have happened

C. could have happened

D. must have happened

情态动词表推测用法总结及专项练习

情态动词表推测用法总结及专项练习 1.can / could用于表推测的用法 (1) 从使用句型上看，can 通常只用于否定句或疑问句，一般不用于肯定句，而could 可用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句。两者没有时间上的差别，只是could 比can 更委婉，更不确定。如：It can’t [couldn’t] be true. 那不可能是真的。 What can [could] they be doing? 他们会在干什么呢? We could go there this summer. 今年夏天我们可能要去那儿。注：can 有时也用于肯定句中表示推测，主要用于表示理论上的可能性(即从理论上看是可能的，但实际未必会发生)，或表示“有时”之意。如： Even experienced teachers can make mistakes. 即使是有经验的教师也可能出错。 She can be very unpleasant. 她有时很令人讨厌。 (2) 从时间关系看，对现在或将来情况作推测，后接动词原形；对正在进行的情况作推测，后接be doing 结构；对过去情况作推测，后接动词完成式。如： He could have gone home. 他可能已经回家了。 He can’t [couldn’t] have understood. 他不可能理解了。

Why does he know this? Can [Could] someone have told him about it? 他怎么知道? 会是哪个人告诉他了吗? (3) “could+完成式”除表示对过去的推测外，还有以下重要用法： ①表示过去没有实现的可能性，常译为“本来可以”。如： I could have lent you the money．Why didn’t you ask me? 我本来可以借这笔钱给你的。你为什么不向我提出? ②用来委婉地责备某人过去应该做某事而没有去做，常译为“本来应该”。如： You could have helped him. 你本来应该帮助他的。 ③表示“差点儿就要”。如： I could have died laughing. 我差点儿笑死了。 2. may / might用于表推测的用法表示推测，两者都可用，只是might 比may 语气更不确定，表示的可能性更小。 (1) 在句型使用方面：两者均可用于肯定句和否定句，但用于疑问句时，may通常不用于句首，但可用于疑问句的句中（如特殊疑问句等），而might尽管可以用于疑问句的句首，但不算普通，通常会改用其他句式（如用could等）。如： He may [might] know the answer. 他可能知道答案。

高考情态动词专项练习及答案详解

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(完整word版)情态动词表推测专项练习题

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Mike can’t have found his car, for he came to work by bus this morning. 6.句子中含有表示猜测的情态动词时，其反意疑问句的构成不能再用原句中的情态动词，而应根据原句在去掉情态动词的情况下的主谓关系来确定其反问形式。 ①The man in the white clothes must be a doctor, isn’t he? ②She must have seen the film before, hasn’t she? ③He must have an uncle abroad, doesn’t he? ④You must have met Uncle Wang in the shop yesterday, didn’t you? 7.在表示“猜测”方面的区别情态动词must,can,could,should,may,might 都可以用于表示“猜测”（注意：could, might 表示推测时不表示时态, 其推测的程度不如can, may）。实际上，“猜测”与“可能性”在逻辑上是有必然联系的。如果认为没有某种可能性，人们就不会作出某些猜测。因此，请注意六个情态动词之间的区别与它们各

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情态动词讲解归纳集团公司文件内部编码：（TTT-UUTT-MMYB-URTTY-ITTLTY-

链接中考语法：情态动词一、情态动词的特点：情态动词，又叫情态助动词。它们具有以下特点： ⑴它们必须与其他动词连用，即：情态动词＋动词原形，表示说话人对所述动作的看法，如需要、可能、意愿或怀疑等。 ⑵绝大多数情态动词没有人称和数的变化，即第三人称单数不加-s（以be和have开头的情态动词短语除外）。 ⑶在意义上，情态动词具有“多义性”。例如：can既可表示能力，又可表示可能、允许等意义。二、部分情态动词的基本用法： 1.can的基本用法： ⑴表示体力或智力上的能力，即“能够，会”，可与beableto转换。例如：HecanspeakEnglish./HeisabletospeakEnglish. 他会讲英语。Canyouplaybasketball— No,I can’t.你会打篮球吗——我不会。如果表示将来具备的能力，要用willbeableto。例如：IfIhaveagoodsleep,Iwillbeabletodotheproblem. 假如我睡个好觉，我就能做那道题目了。

⑵表示许可，主要用于口语，书面语一般用may。例如：Canwegohomenow,please— No,you can’t.我们可以现在就回家吗——不可以。Youcanonlysmokeinthisroom. 你只能在这间房间里抽烟。 You can’t keepthelibrarybooksformorethanamonth.图书馆的书借期不可超过一个月。 ⑶表示“可能”，与may同义，但一般用在疑问句中。例如：Whatcanhepossiblywant他可能会想要什么呢另外，在否定句中，否定形式can’t表示推测“不大可能”。例如：Anybodycanmakemistakes. 任何人都可能会犯错误。Thenews can’t betrue.那消息不大可能是真的。与第一、二人称连用时，还可以就可能的解决问题的方式或可能的行为提出建议。在这里，也可用could使语气婉转。例如： Can/Couldwemeetagainnextweek下周我们可以再见面吗Whatshallwedo—Wecan/couldtryaskingLucyforhelp.我们怎么办呢—— 我们可以请露茜帮忙试试看。Youcan/couldhelpmewiththecooking.你可以帮我做饭。 2.may的基本用法: ⑴表示“许可”，用can比较口语化。例如：Youmay/cancomeifyouwish. 如果你想来，你就来。Youmaynotpickflowersinthispark.

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情态动词表推测专项练习题

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情态动词一、概述情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度，认为“可能、应当、必要”等等，但本身意义不完全，不能单独作谓语，必须和其他动词一起构成谓语。除ought, used, have后跟不定式外，其他情态动词一律跟动词原形。情态动词主要有：can/could, may/might, must, ought to, used to, need, dare, shall/should, will/would, have to等。二、基本用法（一）can和could的用法 1．表示能力，可译为“能，会”。 I can swim. 我会游泳。 Emily can dance well and her mother could dance well when she was young. The cinema can seat 1,000 people. I could not read such an easy book when I was 7 years old. 2．表示允许、许可，常用在口语中。could比can语气上要客气。 --- Could I use your dictionary? 我可以用一下你的字典吗？ ---Yes, go ahead. 可以，用吧。（或Yes, you can. 但不能说Yes, you could.） Could/ Can you tell me how to get to the zoo? 劳驾，你能告诉我怎么去动物园吗？ He asked me whether he could take the book out of the reading room. 3. 表示可能（理论上或是逻辑判断上）。 The temperature can fall to–60℃,that is60℃below freezing.气温可降至—60℃，也就是零下60℃。 You mustn′t smoke while you′re walking around in the wood.You could start a fire. 在林子里走时勿吸烟，那样可能会引起火灾。 3．表示推测，可用于肯定句（can罕见）、否定句和疑问句，但更常见于疑问句或否定句。在此种用法中can和could没有时态的区别，只是表示可能性的大小，can表示推测的可能性比could大。 Can he be ill at home? 他会是生病在家吗？ Can the story be true? 这个故事会是真的吗？

情态动词表推测的用法

情态动词表推测的用法一、must表示推测的用法 must表示推测时，只用于肯定句，表示很大的可能性，意为“一定，准是，必然会”。其否定形式是can’t/couldn’t (不可能)。例如： 1. You haven’t eaten anything since this morning; you must be hungry. 2. That can’t be Mary —she’s in hospital. 二、can/could表示推测的用法 1. can表示推测时，多用于肯定句和疑问句。当用于肯定句时，指“有时可能会”，是理论上的可能，其时间意义宽泛不具体。例如： Even experienced teachers can make mistakes. 2. could表示推测时，既可以用于肯定句，又可以用于疑问句。例如： My book has disappeared. Who could have taken it? 3. can’t/couldn’t表示推测时，用于否定句，是语气最强的否定推测，意为“不可能，一定不(是)”。例如： He can’t/couldn’t have see n her there. 【即学即练】一、用表示推测的情态动词must, could, , can的适当形式填空。 1. — Hi, Tom. Any idea where Jane is? — She be in the classroom. I saw her there just now. 2. — I hear they went skiing in the mountains last winter. — It be true because there was little snow there. 3. Accidents happen on such rainy days. 二、翻译下列句子，注意情态动词的推测用法和情态动词后动词的形式。 —那个人一定是布朗先生。—不可能是他，他去纽约了。【反义疑问句】又叫附加疑问句。它表示提问人的看法，没有把握，需要对方证实。反义疑问句由两部分组成：前一部分是一个陈述句，后一部分是一个简短的疑问句，两部分的人称时态应保持一致。如：She was ill yesterday, wasn’t she? They don’t work hard, do they?

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