2016考研英语长难句训练题与解析(6)

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[摘要]为了帮助考生们攻克考研英语长难句，今天，中公考研英语辅导老师从历年的考研英语真题中挑选出了比较重要的题型，考生们要认真记忆。

从历年的考研英语真题中我们可以得知，考研英语长难句以各种形式遍布在英语试卷中。很显然，对于很多考生来说，考研英语长难句就像一只拦路虎，让考生望而却步。那么，怎样才能攻克考研英语长难句这只拦路虎呢?要想长难句不再难，方法之一就是在复习的时候，多多练习一些经典的考研英语长难句。俗话说：熟能生巧!一种句型，当你练习了几遍，考试时看到同样的句型，也就知道该如何作答了。为了帮助各位2016考研的同学攻克长难句，今天，中公考研英语辅导老师给大家整理了一些经典的长难句训练题，并附有详细的解析，《2016考研英语长难句训练题与解析》希望能帮助大家。

考研英语长难句训练题：

21. It takes more upkeep, burns more fuel and is slowoff the starting line it depends on learning-a gradualprocess-instead of instinct.

22. Plenty of other species are able to learn, and one of the things they've apparently learned iswhen to stop.

23. Instead of casting a wistful glance backward atall the species we've left in the dust I.Q.-wise, itimplicitly asks what the real costs of our ownintelligencies might be.

24. Research on animal intelligence also makes us wonder what experiments animals wouldperform on humans if they had the chance.

考研英语长难句解析：

第21题：

【分析】复合句。本句的谓语动词有三个：takes，burn 和is。because 引导原因状语从句，其中插入语 a gradualprocess 作 learning的同位语，对 learning 进行补充说明。

【译文】它需要更多的给养，消耗更多的能量，而且起步比较慢，因为聪明依赖学习--一个循序渐进的过程--而不是一种本能。

【点拨】upkeep 是由"副词+动词"构成的合成词，意为"(房屋，设备等的)保养，维修;保养费，维修费"，其相应的短语 keep up 意为"继续，坚持，保持，维持"。

第22题：

【分析】并列复合句。and 连接两个并列分句。在第二个分句中，they've apparently learned 是修饰things 的定语从句，when to stop 由"特殊疑问句词+动词不定式"构成，作表语。

【译文】很多其他的物种也能学习，而且它们显然已经学会的一件事就是何时停止学习。

【点拨】apparently 在此处的意思是"显然地"，另外一个意思是"表面上地(未必真实地)"。

语法拓展

疑问代词或副词后的不定式

疑问代词 who, what, which 等和疑问副词 when, where,how 等后面跟不定式，构成不定式短语。这种结构在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语等句子成分。此结构可以改写成由该疑问词引导的从句，从句所作的句子成分不变。如：Perhaps the most difficult challenge is how tosurvive without friends. 可以改写成 Perhaps the most difficult challenge is how we survivewithout friends(也许最艰难的挑战，就是生活中孤独无友。)

第23题：

【分析】复合句。介词短语 Instead of...I.Q.-wise作句子状语，句子主干是it...asks。 what 引导的从句作 ask 的宾语。

【译文】这一问题不是惆怅地回望那些我们人类在智力上已远远超越的物种，而是含蓄地询问我们的智力的真正代价可能是什么。

【点拨】1) cast a glance at 表示"瞥一眼"。2) wistful 意为"惆怅的，忧思的"。

3) I.Q.-wise 由"I.Q. + -wise" 而来，后缀 -wise 表示"关于"。4) implicitly 意为"含蓄地，暗示地"。

第24题：

【分析】多重复合句。本句的主干结构为 Research...make us wonder...。wonder 后跟 what 引导的宾语从句，其中包含 if 引导的条件状语从句，宾语从句使用了虚拟语气。

【译文】对于动物智力所做的研究同样也使我们思考:如果动物们有机会的话，它们会对人类做什么样的实验。

【点拨】wonder 在此处为及物动词，意为"想知道"，后面常跟疑问动词，另外还有"对...感到奇怪，对...感到怀疑"的意思。wonder 还可以作名词，意为"惊奇;奇迹"。

考研英语长难句的复习，要懂得举一反三，下次看到同样的句型的时候，要能够正确解答。跟随中公考研一起来练习，让考研英语长难句不再难。最后，预祝2016考研的同学们，复习越来越好，考研大捷。

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