最新整理12月英语六级听力真题详解

12月英语六级听力真题详解

conversation 1

Hey I just read a great book about physics。I think you‘d like it。It’s

called the physics of the world。It‘s written by a scientist named Sylvia

Mendez。

Oh I read that book。It was great。The writer is a warm and competent guide

to the mysteries of physics。【1】I think it promises enrichment for any reader

from those who know little about science to the career physicist。

And it‘s refreshing tosee【2】a strong curious clever woman adding her voice

to the scientific discourse and a field that has been traditionally dominated by

men。I think she has to be commended for making an effort to include anecdotes

about little known female scientists。You know they were often victims of a

generation firmly convinced that the woman’s place was in the home。

【3】I like how the book is clearly written with each chapter brought to life

by pieces of fascinating knowledge。For example in one chapter she exposes a

myth that I‘ve heard taught by university physics professors。I’ve often heard

that medieval glass windows are thicker at the bottom because glass flows like a

fluid。This，she shows，is not true。The distortion is actually thanks to a

peculiarity of the glassmakers process。

【4】Yeah I like how she cultivates scientific engagement by providing a host

of Do It Yourself experiments that bring the same foundational principles of

classical physics that govern everything from the solar system to your kitchen

table。From using complex laws of physics to test whether a spinning egg is

cooked to measuring atmospheric pressure by lifting a piece of cardboard。Her

hands-on examples make her book a truly interactive read。

Yes I must say this a equation-free book is an ideal read for scientists of

all stripes，anyone teaching science and even people who dislike physics。

Question 1：what does the woman say about the book the man recommended?

1.【解析】强调类定位词promise

Question 2：what can we find in the book the man recommended?

2.【解析】引言类关键词see

Question 3：How does the author bring her book to life?

3.【解析】特殊疑问词定位词how以及缘由类定位词by，双重强调。

Question 4：How does the book cultivate readers interest in physics?

4.【解析】特殊疑问词定位词how以及缘由类定位词by，双重强调。

conversation 2

A：Hi professor。I was hoping I could have a moment of your time if you‘re

not too busy。【5】I’m having some problems getting started on my dissertation and

I was hoping you could give me some advice on how to begin。

B：Sure。I have quite a few students though.So can you remind me what your

topic is?

A：the general topic I chose is aesthetics，but that‘s as far as I’ve got I

don‘t really know where to go from there。

B：【6】Yeah，that‘s much too large a topic。You really need to narrow it down

in order to make it more accessible。Otherwise you’ll be writing a book。

A：Exactly。That‘s what I wanted to ask you about。I was hoping it would be

possible for me to change topics。【7】I’m really more interested in nature than

beauty。

B：I‘m afraid you have to adhere to the assigned topic。【7】Still，If you’re

interested in nature，then that certainly can be worked into your dissertation。

We‘ve talked about Hume before in class right。

A：Oh yeah，he‘s the philosopher who wrote about where our

ideas of beauty

come from。

B：【8】Exactly。I suggest you go to the library and get a copy of his

biography。Start from there。But remember to stick to the parameters of the

assignment。This paper is a large part of your cumulative grade。So make sure to

follow the instructions。If you take a look at his biography。You can get a good

idea of how his life experiences manifest themselves in his theories of beauty。

specifically the way he looked towards nature as the origin of what we find

beautiful。

A：Great。Thanks for taking the time to answer my questions，Professor。I‘ll

let you get back to class now。

B：If there‘s anything else you need，please come see me in my office any

time。

Question 5：What is the man‘s problem?

5.【解析】首个对话出题原则。

Question 6 What does the professor think of the man‘s topic?

6.【解析】强肯定定位词yeah和really，双重强调。

Question 7 What’s the man really more interested in?

7.【解析】强肯定定位词really，且nature是重复出现原则。

Question 8 what does the professor say the man has to do?

8.【解析】强调类定位词exactly

passage 1

During the arctic winter from October to March，the average temperature in

the frozen north typically hovers around minus 20 degrees Celsius。【9】Butthis year the Arctic is experiencing much higher temperatures。On February the 20th

the temperature in Greenland climbed above freezing or zero degrees Celsius and

it stayed there for over 24 hours。Then on February the 24th the temperature on

Greenland‘s northern tip reached six degrees Celsius。Climate scientists

describe the phenomenon as stunning。Weather conditions that drive this bizarre

temperature surge have visited the Arctic before。They typically

appear about

once in a decade。【10】However，the last such increase in temperature took place

two years ago。This is troubling as climbing arctic temperatures combined with

rapid sea ice loss are creating a new type of climatefeedback loop which could

accelerate Arctic warming。Indeed，sea ice cover in the Arctic is melting faster

than expected。Without those masses of cooling sea ice，warm air brought to the

Arctic can penetrate further inland than it ever did before。The air can stay

warmer longer too。This drives additional melting。Overall earth is warming at a

rapid pace。2014 through 2017 rank as the hottest years on record and the Arctic

is warming twice as fast as any place else on earth。This raises unique

challenges for Arctic wildlife and indigenous people who depend on Arctic

ecosystems to survive。Previously climate forecasts predicted that

Arctic summer

ice would disappear entirely by around 2060，【11】but based on what scientists are

seeing now the Arctic may be facing summers without ice within 20 years。

Question 9。What did climate scientists describe as stunning?

9.【解析】转折类关键词But

Question 10。What does the passage say about that temperature surge in the

Arctic?

10.【解析】转折类关键词However

Question 11。what may occur in 20 years according to scientists’recent

observations?

11、【解析】转折类关键词+末句原则第11题答案位置

Passage2

【12】A good dose of willpower is often necessary to see any task through

whether it‘s sticking to a spending plan or finishing a great novel。And if you

want to increase that willpower。【13】Anew study suggests you just simply have to

believe you have it。According to this study，what matters most is what we think

about our willpower。If we believe it’s a finite resource，we act that way，we

feel exhausted and need breaks between demanding mental tasks。However，people

who view their willpower as a limitless resource get energized instead。The

researchers used a psychological assessment tool to test the validity of the

study。They asked 1100 Americans and 1600 Europeans to grade different

statements such as after a challenging mental activity，my energy is depleted

and I must rest to get it refueled again or I can focus on a mental task for

long periods without feeling tired。

【14】Although there was little difference between men and women

overall。Americans were more likely to admit to needing breaks after completing

mentally challenging tasks European participants on the other hand

claimed they

were able to keep going。Based on the findings，【15】theresearcherssuggest that

the key to boosting your willpower is to believe that you have an abundant

supply of it。Your feelings about your willpower affect the way you behave。But

these feelings are changeable，they said。Changing your beliefs about the nature

of your self-control can have positive effects on character development。This

leads to healthier behaviors and perceptions of other people。

Question 12 What is often necessary for carrying through a task?

12.【解析】短文首句原则

Question 13 What is the finding of the new study?

13.【解析】建议类关键词原则suggest

Question 14 What do we learn about European participants as compared with

their American counterparts?

14.【解析】转折类关键词Although

Question 15 What do the research say concerning people‘s feelings about

willpower?

15.【解析】引言类关键词suggest

lecture 1

Here is my baby niece Sarah。Her mum is a doctor and her dad is a lawyer。

By the time Sarah goes to college the jobs her parents do are going to look

dramatically different。In 2013，researchers at Oxford University did a study on

the future of work。【16】They concluded that almost one in every two jobs has a

high risk of being automated by machines。Machine learning is the technology

that‘s responsible for most of this disruption。It’s the most powerful branch of

artificial intelligence。It allows machines to learn from data and copy some of

the things that humans can do。My company，Kaggle，operates on the cutting edge

of machine learning。We bring together hundreds of thousands of experts to solve

important problems for industry and academia。This gives us an

unique

perspective on what machines can do，what they can‘t do and what jobs they might

automate or threaten。Machine learning started making its way into industry in

the early 90s。It started with relatively simple tasks。It started with things

like assessing credit risk from loan applications，sorting the mail by reading

handwritten zip codes。Over the past few years，we have made dramatic

breakthroughs。Machine learning is now capable of far，far more complex tasks。In

2012，Kaggle challenged its community to build a program that could grade high

school essays。【17】The winning programs were able to match the grades given by

human teachers。Now given the right data，machines are going to outperform

humans at tasks like this。A teacher might read 10000 essays over a 40-year

career。A machine can read millions of essays within minutes。We

have no chance

of competing against machines on frequent high-volume tasks，but there are

things we can do that machines cannot。Where machines have made very little

progress is in tackling novel situations。Machines否定类关键词can’t handle things they

haven‘t seen many times before。The fundamental limitation of machine learning

is that【18】it needs to learn from large volumes of past data。But humans don’t。

We have the ability to connect seemingly different threads to solve problems

we‘ve never seen before。

Question 16 what did the researchers at Oxford University conclude?

16.【解析】总结类关键词concluded that

Question 17。What do we learn about Kaggle companies winning programs?

Question 18。What is the fundamental limitation on machine learning?

18.【解析】否定类关键词can’t和haven’t

lecture 2

we‘ve talked recently about the importance of sustainable energy。【19】We’ve also talked about the different theories on how that can be done。So far，our discussions have all been theoretical。Now I have a practical

question for you all。Can you run a 140，000 kilogram train on just the steam

generated by solar power? Well，one engineer，Tim Casselman，believes it‘s

possible。And his home city of Sacramento，California should see the

technology’s first test as part of the upgrading of its rail yard。Casselman，who

is an inventor and self-proclaimed steam visionary，【20】is campaigning for a new

steam train that runs without any fire and could run on an existing 10 kilometer

line drawing tourists and perhaps offering city commuters a green alternative to

their cars。Casselman wants to build an array of solar magnifying mirrors at one

end of the line to collect and focus heat onto water filled tubes。

This would

generate steam that could be used to fill tanks on a small steam train without

the use of fire。Supplying power to trains in this way would offer the shortest

distance from well to wheels he says with the least amount of energy lost。

According to Harry Valentijn， a Canadian engineer who is researching modern

steam technology，a special tank measuring 2 by 10 metres could store over 750

kilowatt hours of energy as high pressure steam enough to pull a two car train

for an hour or so。Energy to drive a steam locomotive can be stored in other

materials besides water 【21】for example a team at Tohoku University in Japan has

studied materials that can store large amounts of heat when heated。These

materials turn from a solid into a liquid absorbing energy as they change phase。

The liquid is maintained above its melting point until steam is

required at

which point the liquid is allowed to turn back into a solid releasing its stored

energy another team at Nagoya University in Japan has tested calcium compound as

an energy storage material。Heating this chemical compound drives off carbon

dioxide gas leaving calcium oxide the gas can be stored under pressure and

attain to recover the energy the gas is fed back over the calcium oxide。In

theory says Valentijn this can create a high enough temperature to generate

superheated steam。

Question 19：What has the speaker previously talked about?

19.【解析】递进类关键词also

Question 20：What is Tim Casselman trying to do in Sacramento?

20.【解析】人称信息类关键词

Question 21：what has a Japanese research team tried to do?

21. 【解析】举例关键词for example

Lecture 3

Today‘s crisis in care for older people in England has two main causes。

First，people are living longer with a lot more complex needs。【22】Second，they rely on a system that has long been marked by a poor

relation between national health and social-care services。

Current services originate in two key measures。They are the National

Health Service and the 1948 National Assistance Act。This required local

government to provide residential accommodation for older people and supervise

care homes run by independent organizations。

They also provided home and community services including meals，day centers

and home helpers and other subsidized services。The National Health Service was

free and wholly publicly provided。It delivered the best health-care for all。No

such vision guided residential and community care though。【23】The care was

substantially provided by voluntary services which worked together

with local

authorities as they long had with eligibility based on income。Today，life

expectancy has risen from 66 for a male at birth in 1948 to around 80 now。In

addition，there is better overall health and improved medical knowledge and

care。This means an unprecedented number of people are surviving longer in

conditions requiring expert support。Families provide at least as much care as

they ever did。Even so，they can rarely without subsidised support address

serious personal needs。Care for older people faced persistent criticism as

these trends became apparent。From the early 1960s，local authorities were

required to plan health and welfare services。The aim was to enable older people

to remain in their own homes for as long as possible，but this increased concern

about the lack of coordination between free health and paid-for

social care。

Through the 1970s， a number of measures sought to improve matter。However at a

time of financial crisis，funding diminished and little changed。In the 1980s，

the government cut spending。【24】Meanwhile，preference for private over public

services made management even more difficult。Simultaneously，the number of sick

older people grew。Governments emphasized the need to improve services。They did

so though while doing little to stop the erosion of available aid。Services were

irregular across authorities。Unless you were prepared to pay，they were

increasingly difficult to obtain for any but the most severely disabled。Why has

60 years of criticism produced so little change。Discrimination against older

people has a long history。【25】Additionally，those affected by inadequate health

and social care are too vulnerable to launch the protests that have

addressed

other forms of discrimination。

Question 22 what is one cause of the current crisis in care for the elderly

in England?

22.【解析】序数词原则Second

Question 23。What does the speaker say about residential and community

care?

23.【解析】前有No such 否定类关键词和though转折类关键词

Question 24。What made management of care for the elderly more difficult in

the 1980s?

24.【解析】并列类关键词meanwhile

Question 25。What does the speaker say about older people in England?

25.【解析】递进类关键词Additionally