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KET必背词汇

KET必背词汇
KET必背词汇

Colours

Light['lait]光亮的/dark['dɑ:k]黑暗的brown orange red black green pink white blue grey purple yellow Communication and technology 通讯科技

address[?'dres]地址computer information信息

photography[f??t?gr?fi:]摄影conversation[?k?nv??sei??n]交谈internet by post邮寄digita l[?did?it?l]数字k eyboard键盘phone call电话dot laptop screen拍摄download下载mouse鼠标chat聊天envelope ['env?l?up]信封online联机website网站

Documents and texts 文件和文本

Davertisement 广告diploma[di?pl?um?]毕业文凭magazine [?m?ɡ??zi:n]杂志postcard明信片article[?ɑ:tikl] 文章menu [?menju:]菜单project [pr??d?ekt]放映bill账单message 信息text文本insurance[in??u?r?ns]保险newspaper报纸ticket['tikit]车票card letter 信note笔记diary ['dai?ri]日志licence许可证passport护照

Education教育

Advanced/?d'vɑ:nst,/高级的diploma[di'pl?um?]毕业证书library studies exam考试mathematics [,m?θ?'m?tiks]数学study board寄宿geography[d?i??ɡr?fi]地理subject's科目history历史practice练习bookshelf书架practise练习teacher

information资料term学期clever聪明的instructions指令,说明pupil学生test 测验coach[k?ut?]教练language语言remember记得course过程learn desk书桌lesson science 科学dictionary ['dik??n?ri]字典level水平student Entertainment and media 娱乐和传媒

Drawing拉museum博物馆radio actor广播演员drum鼓声music adventure/?d'vent??/ musician reggae瑞格舞advertisement广告exhibition[,eksi'bi??n]展览festival节日screen拍摄article['ɑ:tik?l]文章film电影paint绘画作品painter['peint?]画家cartoon卡通片group团体、cinema/'sin?m?]电影theatre电影院circus马戏团instrument仪器journalist['d??:n?list]新闻工作者picture competition比赛keyboard键盘laugh /lɑ:f, l?f]笑magazine杂志

剑桥少儿英语一级上要求背诵单词和课文

剑桥少儿一级上要求背诵课文和单词 一单元: 1.背诵part9 2..听写pencil-case(铅笔盒)、ruler(尺子)、book(书)、bag(书包)、eraser(橡皮)、desk(课桌)、my(我的)、your(你的)、his(他的)、our(我们的)。 二单元: 1.熟唱part9 2.听写horse(马)、fish(鱼)、duck(鸭子)、turtle(乌龟)、cow(奶牛)、rabbit(兔子)、chicken(小鸡)、goat(山羊)、frog(青蛙)、sheep(绵羊)。 三单元 1.背诵part11 2.听写apple(苹果)、banana(香蕉)、pear(梨子)、grape(葡萄)、mango(芒果)、orange(橙子)、peach (桃子)、coconut(椰子)、lemon(柠檬)、watermelon(西瓜) 四单元: 1.背诵part9 2.听写bird(鸟)、clock(闹钟)、hat(高顶帽)、baseball(棒球)、table(桌子)、flower(花)、sock(袜子)、watch(手表)、car(小汽车)、pig(猪) 五单元: 1.背诵part8 2.听写hair(头发)、eye(眼睛)、ear(耳朵)、leg(腿)、hand(手)、foot(脚)、head(头)、nose(鼻子)、mouth(嘴巴)、arm(手臂) 六单元: 听写game(游戏)、draw(画画)、bee(蜜蜂)、cup(茶杯)、hat(帽子)、ice cream(冰激凌)、jacket (夹克)、mouse(老鼠) 七单元: 1.背诵part8 2.听写fruit(水果)、potato(土豆)、pineapple(菠萝)、bean(胡豆)、carrot(胡萝卜)、tomato(西红柿)、onion(洋葱)、pea(青豆)、pumpkin(南瓜)、vegetable(蔬菜) 八单元 1.背诵part1 2.听写blue(蓝色)、yellow(黄色)、brown(棕色)、white(白色)、black(黑色)、green(绿色)、purple (紫色)、pink(粉色)、grey(灰色)、red(红色) 九单元: 1.背诵part8 2.听写train(火车)、jeep(吉普车)、ship(轮船)、boat(小船)、plane(飞机)、bus(公交车)、motorbike (摩托车)、mat(地毯)、under(在….的下面)、behind(在….的后面) on(在…上面)、between(在…之间)、next to(在…的旁边)、in front of(在..的前面) 十单元: 听写数字1-20

(整理)专八翻译必备词汇.

专八翻译必备词汇(1) (1) 把握大局:grasp the overall situation (2) 摆谱儿:put on airs;keep up appearances (3) 白手起家: start from scratch (4) 拜年:pay New Year call (5) 班门弄斧:teach one's grandma to suck eggs (6) 报销:apply for reimbursement (7) 爆冷门:produce an unexpected answer (8) 曝光:make public (9) 奔小康:strive for a relatively comfortable life (10) 闭门羹:given cold-shoulder (11)比上不足,比下有余:fall short of the best, but be bette r than the best (12)逼上梁山:be driven to drastic alternatives (13)变相涨价:disguised inflation (14)边远贫困地区:outlying poverty-stricken areas

(15)边缘知识人:Marginal intellectuals (16)表面文章:Lip service;surface formality (17) 博导:Ph.D supervisor (18)补发拖欠的养脑筋:Clear up pension payments in arre ars (19)不眠之夜:white night (20)菜鸟:green hand (21)产品科技含量technological element of a product (22)长江三角洲:Yangtze River delta (23)长江中下游:the middle and lower reaches of Changji ang River (24)超前消费:pre-mature consumption (25)城镇居民最低生活保障:a minimum standard of living for residents (26)城镇职工医疗保险制度:the system of medical insuran ce for urban workers

KET官方词汇表

精品文档Abbreviations Abbreviations used in the Vocabulary List are: abbrev adj adv Am Eng art Br Eng conj det exclam int n phr v pl prep prep phr pron sing v abbreviation or acronym adjective adverb American English article British English conjunction determiner exclamation interjection noun phrasal verb plural preposition prepositional phrase pronoun singular verb Summary of Points to be noted The list does not include every word that may appear on a KET paper. The list covers receptive and productive vocabulary. It is updated every year.

精品文档 and (conj)和,与;就;而且;但是;然后 A a, an (art)[ei] [?n]一 able (adj) ['eibl] 能干的;有能力的;能 be able to 会;能够 about (prep) [?'baut] 关于;大约 What about a cold drink? I have about £3. a book about animals above (prep) [?'b?v] 超过;在……上面;在……之上 act (v) [?kt]扮演;装作;行动 accident (n) ['?ks?d?nt] 事故;意外;[法] 意外事件;机遇 across (prep) [?'kr?s] 穿过;横穿 The bank’s across the road. He walked across the bridge. activity (n)[?k't?v?t?] 活动;行动;活跃 actor (n)['?kt?] 男演员;行动者;作用物 actually (adv) ['?ktj??l?; -t??-]实际上;事实上 add (v)[?d]加;增加 address (n) [?'dres] 地址;演讲;致辞;说话的技巧 adult (adj & n)['?d?lt; ?'d?lt] 成年的;成年人 advanced (adj [?d'vɑ?nst]先进的;高级的;晚期的;年老的 adventure (n) [?d'vent??]冒险;冒险精神;投机活动 advertisement (n) [?d'v??t?zm(?)nt; -t?s-] 广告,宣传 aeroplane (n) ['e?r?ple?n] 飞机(等于airplane) afraid (adj) [?'fre?d]害怕的;恐怕;担心的 after (prep) ['ɑ?ft?] 在……之后 afternoon (n) [ɑ?ft?'nu?n]午后,下午 afterwards (adv)['?ft?w?dz]后来;然后 again (adv) [?'gen; ?'ge?n]又,此外;再一次 against (prep) [?'genst; ?'ge?nst]反对,违反;靠;倚;防备 We watched England play against France. age (n) [e?d?]年龄;时代;寿命,使用年限;阶段 I don’t know his age. ago (adv) [?'g??]以前,以往 agree (v) [?'gri?]同意;赞成;承认;意见一致 Yes, I agree with you. Don’t you agree, Sam? air (n) [e?]空气,大气;天空;样子;曲调 to travel by air airport (n) ['e?p??t]机场;航空站 all (det & pron) [??l]全部 all right/alright (adv)好;顺利;正确的 almost (adv)差不多,几乎 alone (adj & adv)独自的;单独的;孤独的 already (adv)已经,早已;先前 also (adv)也;而且;同样 always (adv)永远,一直;总是;常常 a.m. (adv)上午,午前(ante meridiem) ambulance (n)['?mbj?l(?)ns]救护车;战时流动医院 among (prep) [?'m??]在…中间;在…之中

六年级小学生英语必背单词

一、学习用品(school things) pen钢笔pencil铅笔pencil-case铅笔盒ruler尺子book书bag包comic book漫画书postcard明信片newspaper报纸schoolbag书包eraser橡皮crayon蜡笔sharpener 卷笔刀story-book故事书notebook笔记本Chinese book语文书English book英语书math book 数学书magazine杂志dictionary 词典 二、人体(body) foot脚head头face脸hair头发nose鼻子mouth嘴eye眼睛ear 耳朵arm手臂hand手finger手

指leg腿tail尾巴 三、颜色(colours) red红色的blue蓝色的yellow黄色的green绿色的white白色的black黑色的pink粉红色的purple 紫色的orange橙色的brown棕色的 四、动物(animals) cat猫dog狗pig猪duck鸭rabbit兔horse马elephant象ant 蚂蚁fish鱼bird鸟eagle鹰beaver海狸snake蛇mouse老鼠squirrel松鼠kangaroo袋鼠monkey猴子panda熊猫bear熊lion狮子tiger老虎fox狐狸

zebra斑马deer鹿giraffe长颈鹿goose鹅hen母鸡turkey火鸡lamb小羊sheep绵羊goat山羊cow奶牛donkey驴squid鱿鱼lobster龙虾shark鲨鱼seal海豹sperm whale抹香鲸killer whale虎鲸 五、人物(people) robot机器人friend朋友boy男孩girl女孩mother母亲father父亲sister姐妹brother兄弟uncle叔叔man男人woman女人Mr、先生Miss小姐lady女士;小姐mom妈妈dad爸爸parents父母grandma/grandmother奶奶

ket分类词汇表

ket分类词汇表 KET分类词汇表 Natural World and Weather air (n.)空气 countryside (n.) 乡下/农村 river (n.) 河 beach (n.)海滩east (n.) 东方 space (n.) 场地/空间/太空 cloud (n.)云 field (n.) 田地/场地 spring (n.)春天 grass (n.)草 fire (n./v.) 火/起火 star (n.)星星 grow (v.) 生长 flower (n.) 花 storm (n.) 暴风雨 hill (n.) 小山 fog (n.) 雾summer (n.) 夏天 hot (a.) 热的 foggy (a.) 雾的 sun (n.)太阳 sea (n.) 海forest (n.) 森林 sunny (a.) 晴朗的 sky (n.) 天空 ice (n.) 冰 thunderstorm (n.)雷雨 snow (n.) 雪 island (n.) 岛 tree (n.)树 south (n.) 南方 lake (n.) 湖 warm (a.) 温暖的 water (n.) 水 moon (n.) 月亮 wind (n.) 风 weather (n.) 天气 mountain (n.) 山脉 windy (a.) 有风的 west (n.) 西方 north n. 北方 winter (n.) 冬 天 wet (a.) 湿的 outdoor adj. 户外的 wood (n.) 木;木材 cold (a.) 冷的plant (n. / v.) 植物/种植 wool (n.) 羊毛 country (n.) 国家/农村,乡下 rain (n. / v.) 雨/下雨 world (n.) 世界 Colours light/dark (a.) 浅色/深色 green (a.) 绿色 purple (a.) 紫色 black (a.) 黑色 grey (a.) 灰色 red (a.) 红色 blue (a.) 蓝色 orange (a.) 橘色 white (a.) 白色 brown (a.) 棕色 pink (a.) 粉红色 yellow (a.) 黄色 Travel and Transport (aero)plane (n.)飞机 plane (n.) 飞机 engineer (n.) 工程师 airport (n.) 机场 platform (n.) 站台 lorry (n.) 卡车

ket分类词汇表

KET分类词汇表Natural World and Weather air (n.)空气 beach (n.)海滩 cloud (n.)云 grass (n.)草 grow (v.) 生长 hill (n.) 小山 hot (a.) 热的 sea (n.) 海 sky (n.) 天空 snow (n.) 雪 south (n.) 南方 water (n.) 水 weather (n.) 天气 west (n.) 西方 wet (a.) 湿的 cold (a.) 冷的 country (n.) 国家/农村,乡下countryside (n.) 乡下/农村 east (n.) 东方 field (n.) 田地/场地 fire (n./v.) 火/起火 flower (n.) 花 fog (n.) 雾 foggy (a.) 雾的 forest (n.) 森林 ice (n.) 冰 island (n.) 岛 lake (n.) 湖 moon (n.) 月亮 mountain (n.) 山脉 north n. 北方 outdoor adj. 户外的 plant (n. / v.)植物/种植 rain (n. / v.)雨/下雨 river (n.) 河 space (n.) 场地/空间/太空 spring (n.)春天 star (n.)星星 storm (n.) 暴风雨 summer (n.) 夏天 sun (n.)太阳 sunny (a.) 晴朗的 thunderstorm (n.)雷雨 tree (n.)树 warm (a.) 温暖的 wind (n.) 风 windy (a.) 有风的 winter (n.) 冬天 wood (n.) 木;木材 wool (n.) 羊毛 world (n.) 世界 Colours light/dark (a.) 浅色/深色black (a.) 黑色 blue (a.) 蓝色 brown (a.) 棕色green (a.) 绿色 grey (a.) 灰色 orange (a.) 橘色 pink (a.) 粉红色 purple (a.) 紫色 red (a.) 红色 white (a.) 白色 yellow (a.) 黄色Travel and Transport (aero)plane (n.)飞机 airport (n.) 机场ambulance (n.) 救护车brake (n./v.)刹车 bridge (n.) 桥 arrive (v.) 到达 flight (n.) 飞行/航班garage (n.) 汽车修理场/车库helicopter (n.) 直升飞机journey (n.) 旅行、旅程leave (v.) 离开 left (n./a.) 左边/左边的passport (n.) 护照 petrol (n.) 汽油 petrol station (n.) 加油站pilot (n.) 飞行员plane (n.) 飞机 platform (n.) 站台 police car (n.) 警车 problem (n.) 问题 suitcase (n.) 旅行箱 ticket (n.) 票 tour (n./v.) 观光/旅游 tour guide (n.) 导游 tourist (n.) 游客 traffic (n.) 交通 canal (n.) 运河/水道 coach (n.) 长途客车 crossroads (n.) 十字路口 delay (v.) 延迟 driving licence (n.) 驾驶执照 engine (n.) 发动机 engineer (n.) 工程师 lorry (n.) 卡车 luggage (n.) 行李 mechanic (n.) 机械师 mile (n.) 英里 mirror (n.) 镜子 motorway (n.) 高速公路 park (v.) 停车 passenger (n.) 乘客 railway (n.) 铁路 roundabout (n.) 道路交叉处的环形路 traffic lights (n.) 交通灯 travel agent (n.) 旅行社 underground (a.) 地下的 wheel (n.) 车轮

一级剑桥英语必背单词

实用文档 一级剑桥英语必背单词 1、动物 animal cat dog sheep elephant duck 大象绵羊鸭动物猫狗 butterfly fish lizard 鱼蜥蜴蝴蝶 crocodile giraffe hippo snake cow goat 蛇鳄鱼母牛山羊河马长颈鹿 monkey rabbit bat 蝙蝠猴子兔子tiger chicken bird horse chick mouse 老虎老鼠鸟马小鸡鸡、鸡肉 bear lion spider 狮子蜘蛛熊 实用文档 frog panda bee turtle tortois puppy 青蛙熊猫蜜蜂乌龟乌龟小狗

monster zebra fox 妖怪斑马狐狸 2、交通工具 bike bus car motorbike plane helicopte r 飞机直升飞机自行车公共汽车轿车摩托车 ship airplane train boat 轮船船喷气式飞机火车 3、食物、饮料、水果 French drink fruit food 薯条水果食物饮料、喝 hot dog fries fish chicken 鸡肉鱼热狗 实用文档 rice carrot tomato pea sausage cake 米饭胡萝卜西红柿豌豆香肠蛋糕bread dinner 面包正餐 sandwich pizza onion coconut milk 三明治比萨饼洋葱椰子牛奶

coffee juice burger 咖啡果汁汉堡包 meat ice cream orange banana apple 肉冰淇淋橘子香蕉苹果 lemon hamburger meal 柠檬汉堡包一餐 pineapple pear peach watermelon melon 菠萝梨桃子西瓜甜瓜 实用文档 grape potato leaf 葡萄土豆叶子 mango egg bean breakfast lunch supper 芒果鸡蛋豆早饭中饭晚饭 strawberry lemonade 草莓柠檬汁 What do you do every day? 你每天做什么?drink milk eat cakes have breakfast 喝牛奶吃蛋糕吃早饭 read books learn English 学英语看书

六级写作翻译必背单词

英语四六级考试是教育部主管的一项全国性的英语考试,其目的是对大学生的实际英语能力进行客观、准确的测量,为大学英语教学提供测评服务。大学英语考试是一项大规模标准化考试,是一个“标准关联的常模参照测验”。大学英语四、六级考试作为一项全国性的教学考试由“国家教育部高教司”主办,分为四级考试(CET-4) 和六级考试(CET-6),每年各举行两次,分别在同一天的上午和下午进行。从2005 年1 月起,成绩满分为710 分,由国家教育部高教司委托“全国大学英语四六级考试委员会”给每位考生发成绩单。2013 年12 月考次起,全国大学英语四、六级考试委员会对四、六级考试的试卷结构和测试题型作局部调整。调整后,四级和六级的试卷结构和测试题型相同。为了适应新的形势下社会对大学生英语听力能力需求的变化,进一步提高听力测试的效度,全国大学英语四、六级考试委员会自2018 年 6 月考试起将对四、六级考试的听力试题作局部调整[1] 。 写作必背: a host of +n.(pl.) 很多……。 作文万能句子:In contemporary society, it has become a trend for a host of individuals to ..... a case in point is …一个典型的例子就是……convenient:adj. 方便的

常用结构:It is convenient for sb.to do sth. entertain vt. 娱乐;招待。名词形式entertainment be occupied with something (头脑等)全神贯注于某件事物intelligent adj. 聪明的;智能的。 intelligent control 智能控制in large numbers 大量地。 作文万能句子:As a matter of fact, intelligent people in large numbers have come to realize the significance of.../ negative impacts of ... negative:adj. 消极的;负面的。消极影响即negative effects impact: n. 影响,碰撞,冲击力;v.对. 产生影响。常用结构:have an impact on 对…有影响;对. 造成冲击phenomenon n. 现象,常说的厄尔尼诺现象即el nino phenomenon inadequate adj. 不足的 thought-provoking adj. 发人深思的sobering adj. 令人警醒的individual n. 个人 youngster n. 年轻人apparently adv. 显然。 作文万能句子:Apparently, this picture/saying/chart/phenomenon can be naturally associated with the significance of .../the negative influences of .../ close relation between ...and .... / intend to do sth. 想要做某事normal adj. 正常的harmonious adj. 和谐的。 Harmonious Society 和谐社会;harmonious relationship 和睦关系advisable adj. 明智的,可取的。

最新剑桥KET词汇表-(纯英文版)

A a/an (det) able (adj) be able to about (adv & prep) ? What about a cold drink? ? I have about £3. (adv) ? a book about animals (prep) above (adv & prep) accident (n) across (prep) ? The bank’s across the road. ? He walked across the bridge. act (n & v) n. v. activity (n) actor (n) actually (adv) ad (n) ? an ad on TV add (v) address (n) adult (adj & n) advanced (adj) adventure (n) advertisement (n) advice (n) aeroplane (n) afraid (adj) after (adv & prep) afternoon (n) afterwards (adv) again (adv) against (prep) ? We watched England play against France age (n) ? I don’t know his age. aged (adj) ago (adv) agree (v) ? Yes, I agree with you. ? Don’t you agree, Sam? air (n) ? to travel by air airport (n) alarm clock (n) album (n) all (adv, det & pron) all right/alright (adj, adv & exclam) almost (adv) alone (adj & adv) along (prep) already (adv) also (adv) always (adv) a.m. (adv) (ante meridiem的缩写) amazing (adj) ambulance (n) among (prep) and (conj) angry (adj) animal (n) another (det & pron) answer (n & v) any (det & pron) anybody (pron) anymore (adv) anyone (pron) anything (pron) anyway (adv) anywhere (adv) apartment (n) apartment building (n) apple (n) appointment (n) ? an appointment with the doctor area (n) arm (n) armchair (n) around (adv & prep) ? to travel around (adv) ? to sit around the table (prep) arrive (v) art (n) article (n) ? an article about skiing artist (n) as (conj & prep) conj. ? as good as ? as soon as possible ? the same as ask (v) assistant (n) as well (adv) as well (as) (prep) at (prep) at / @ (prep) ? My email address is david@https://www.wendangku.net/doc/c610374923.html, at all ? It doesn’t matter at all. attractive (adj) aunt (n) autumn (n) available (adj) away (adv) ? He’s gone away. ? It’s two miles away. awful (adj) B baby (n) back (n, adv & adj) backpack (n) bad (adj) 精品文档

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高考必背单词语句翻译练习 1. Casual observations and basic research have shown that population densities(密度) can be much higher than in rural habitats due to abundant availability of food. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. Exposure to the sun can accelerate the ageing process. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. When we suspected something was going wrong, the seventy-six thousand pesos that we had accumulated in the fund were already gone. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4. In the experimental condition, first, median reaction times were calculated for each participant, in order to examine general response speed (regardless of response accuracy). _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5. She accused her employer of sex discrimination. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 6. The government has acknowledged that homelessness is a problem but it has failed to grasp the scale of the problem. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 7. In general, lower frequency words will tend to be encountered and acquired (and are also taught) later than higher frequency words. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 8. Poverty should be reduced and adequate healthcare and nutrition made available to all children. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 9. She adored her parents and would do anything to please them. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 10. She has advocated an expansion of courses in demography at the university level and also the introduction of elementary

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VOCABULARY LIST Key English Test (KET) Key English Test for Schools (KETfS)

Introduction to the KET Vocabulary List The KET Vocabulary List gives teachers a guide to the vocabulary needed when preparing students for the KET and KET for Schools examinations. Background to the list The KET Vocabulary List was originally developed by Cambridge ESOL in consultation with external consultants to guide item writers who produce materials for the KET examination. It drew on vocabulary from the Council of Europe’s Waystage (1990) specification and other vocabulary which corpus evidence shows is high frequency. The list covers vocabulary appropriate to the A2 level on the Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR) and includes receptive vocabulary (words that the candidate is expected to understand but which is not the focus of a question) and productive vocabulary (words that the candidate needs to know in order to answer a question). The list does not provide an exhaustive list of all words which appear on the KET and KET for Schools question papers and candidates should not confine their study of vocabulary to the list alone. How the list is updated The vocabulary of English changes over time, with words being added and other words falling into disuse. In order to maintain its currency, the KET Vocabulary List is updated on an annual basis, with the decision to add or remove words being informed by reference to the Cambridge Learner Corpus and English Vocabulary Profile. The Cambridge Learner Corpus is a collection of over 44 million words of English, based upon evidence of language use by learners from all over the world and from which the English Vocabulary Profile has developed. The English Vocabulary Profile shows the most common words and phrases that learners of English need to know in British or American English. The meaning of each word or phrase in the wordlists has been assigned a level between A1 and B2 on the CEFR. A preview version of the English Vocabulary Profile can be accessed by visiting the website: https://www.wendangku.net/doc/c610374923.html, Organisation of the list ?Word sets Some categories of words that a learner at this level might be expected to know, e.g. days of the week, are not included in the alphabetical list but are listed in Appendix 1. Although ‘grammar words’ (pronouns, modal verbs, etc.) are included, the Language Specifications section of the KET and KET for Schools Handbooks (available from https://www.wendangku.net/doc/c610374923.html,) should be consulted for a more complete listing. ?Exemplification Example phrases and sentences showing how words might be used are given only where words with different meanings need to be constrained. For example, bank is followed by ‘I changed my money in a bank’ – this shows that bank is limited to the idea of a financial institution: candidates are not expected to know other meanings, such as ‘a river bank’.

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