2017考研英语阅读真题逐句拆分解析(128)

2017考研英语阅读真题逐句拆分解析

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提升阅读和翻译能力要打好基础，要做到这一点，一定要学会精读，以历年真题为依托，仔细研究每个句子，日积月累，坚持百日，相信会有很大的提升。下面凯程在线带大家来逐句拆分解读历年阅读真题，从成分到词汇及这你翻译，帮助大家打好基础，提升综合能力，大家抓紧学起来。

It's a self-examination that has, at various times, involved issues of responsibility, creative freedom and the corporate bottom line.

译文：这是一种在不同时期涉及责任、创作自由和公司底线问题的自我反省。

分析：这是一个有定语从句的复杂句。阅读时首先注意主干为It is a self-examination...，that后面引导的是限定性定语从句，修饰self-examination，定语从句的宾语是一个of词组，其核心是issues，在介词of后面是三个并列的短语，都是用来修饰和限定issues的。这三个短语因为是并列的关系，所以只在最后一个短语前面使用并列连词and。at various times是插入语，将动词的两部分分开了。

【词汇指南】

摘自《十天搞定考研词汇》(王江涛、刘文涛)

examine [iɡ'z?min](v.)考试,测验;检查(中考词汇)(2007年-阅读1、2008年-阅读4、2009年-阅读3、2012年-阅读3)(exa=exact-精确的，min=mean-含义，e-尾缀→所谓“考试”就是让学生准确回答出问题的“含义”，即“考试,测验”，引申为“检查”;因为“考试”就是“检查”学生学习状况的一种方式。)

1个派生词：

●examination [iɡ,z?mi'nei??n](简写为exam)(n.)考试;检查,细查(中考词汇)(2009年-阅读

4)(ation-名词后缀)

vary ['v??ri](v.)改变,变化;使多样化(CET-4)(var=ver-词根,转，y=ify-动词后缀→使转变——即“改变,变化”，引申为“使多样化”。)

3个派生词：

●variable ['v??ri?bl](adj.)易变的;可变的;变量的(n.)变量(CET-4)(2010年-阅读3、2012年-阅读4)(vari=vary-改变、变化，able-能…的,可…的→易变的;可变的——引申为“变量的”。后来，根据“变量的”又引申出了名词词义“变量”之意。)

●variation [,v??ri'ei??n](n.)变化,变动;变异(CET-4)(2007年-阅读2)(vari=vary-改变、变化，ation-复合后缀→变化、变动——引申为名词词义“变异”。)

various (adj.)各种各样的

involve [in'v?lv](v.)卷入,连累;涉及;参与(CET-4)(2005年-阅读3、2007年-阅读1、2007年-阅读2、2010年-阅读2、2012年-阅读2)(in-前缀,向里,入内，volv-词根,转,滚,拧,扭，e-尾缀→向里卷、卷入其中——即“卷入,连累”，引申为“涉及;参与”。) 1个派生词：

●involved [in'v?lvd](adj.)纠缠的,混乱的;涉及的,牵连的(超纲词汇)(2012年-阅读3)(ed-的)

issue ['i?ju:](v.)发布,发行;出版(n.)问题(CET-4)(2003年-阅读2、2006年-阅读1、2007年-阅读4、2008年-阅读2、2012年-完形、2012年-阅读1、2010年-阅读2、2013年-完型、2013

年-阅读4)(is=es-向外,出来，su=send-发送，e-尾缀→向外发送——即“发布，发行”，引申为“问题”。因为从欧洲中世纪开始，政府[教会]所“发布”的公告，都是为了解决重大的社会“问题”。)

考点搭配：

management issue 管理问题(2007年-阅读4)

issue a report 发布一份报告(2008年-阅读2)

responsibility [ri,sp?ns?'biliti](n.)责任;责任感;职责;义务(CET-4)(2007年-阅读3)(ity-名词后缀)

考点搭配：fulfill one’s social responsibilities 实现某人的社会责任(2011年-阅读4) create [kri'eit](vt.)创造,创作;造成,引起,产生(中考词汇)(2011年-阅读3)(cre-词根,增长;制造,产生，ate-动词后缀→创造,创作——引申为“造成,引起,产生”。)

3个派生词：

●creature ['kri:t??](n.)创造物,产物;生物(包括人/动物) ②(2005年-阅读1、2009年-阅读

1)(ure-名词后缀)

●creative [kri'eitiv](adj.)创造的;有创造力的(CET-4)(2003年-翻译、2009年-阅读1)(ive-的)

●creativity [,kri:ei'tiviti](n.)创造能力(超纲词汇)(2007年-阅读2、2009年-阅读1)(ity-名词后缀)

free [fri:](adj.)自由的,不受控制的;空闲的;免费的(vt.)使自由,解放;使解脱(中考词汇)(2008年-阅读4、2012年-完形)(有学者认为，fre=fly-飞，e-尾缀→自由地飞翔——即“自由的,不受控制的”，引申为“空闲的;免费的”。)

考点搭配：be free to do sth. 自由地做…，随意地做…(2012年-完形)

2个派生词：

●freely ['fri:li](adv.)自由地,无拘束地;免费地(CET-4)(2008年-阅读2)(ly-副词后缀)

●freedom ['fri:d?m](n.)自由(权);独立自主(高考词汇)(dom-名词后缀)

corporation [,k?:p?'rei??n](n.)公司,企业;【英】市政委员会;法人(CET-4)(2003年-阅读1、2007年-阅读4、2012年-阅读2)(corpor-词根,团体,组织;身体，ation-名词后缀→源于“公司、企业、机关”都是“团体”性组织——即“公司,企业;【英】市政委员会”，引申为“法人”。)

1个派生词：

●corporate ['k?:p?rit](adj.)团体的;公司的,法人的;全体的(CET-6、考研词汇)(2007年-阅读4)(有学者认为，corporate一词是corporation的形容词形式，由其简写而来。) bottom ['b?t?m](n.)底部,下端(中考词汇)(2008年-阅读4)(bo=base-基础,底层，tt=tend-伸展，om=ment-名词后缀→伸展到最“底层”的部分——即“底部,下端”。) line[lain](n.)线,线条(中考词汇)(2013年-阅读1、2012年-完形)(有学者认为，“line”一词具有象形色彩。其中，l-象形字母,表示“线条”，ine-尾缀→线,线条) 考点搭配：lined up 排着队的(2011年-阅读2)

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