英语高三教材3单元答案

Unit 3　The land down under
课文练习解答提示
　POST-READING
　1. (1) Modern Australia is made up of six states and two territories: Western Australia, South Australia, Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania, Australian Capital Territory and Northern Territory.
　(2) In 1901, the Commonwealth of Australia was founded.
　(3) The first Australians were the Aborigines and Torres Strait Islanders. In the seventeenth century, European explorers began arriving on the continent.
　(4) The capital of Australia is Canberra.
　(5) It is not mentioned in the text.
　(6) It is not mentioned in the text.
　(7) The Australian flag shows the UK flag and a large star with seven points.
　(8) It is not mentioned in the text.
　(9) Australian English differs in pronunciation from British and American English, and some of the vocabulary used "down under" is quite different from what you may have learnt in your English class.
　2. (1) Six of the points represent the states and the seventh stands for all the territories. The other stars on the flag represent the Southern Cross - a group of stars in the southern sky that can be used to find the South Pole.
　(2) The first Australians were the Aborigines and Torres Strait Islanders.
　(3) When the American War of Independence made it possible for England to send prisoners to North American, Australia was chosen as a new place where prisoners and criminal were sent. They were from England.
　(4) The newcomers changed the way land was managed and introduced new plants and animals that were harmful to the Australian ecosystems. As a consequence, the original Australians suffered. Many Aborigines and Islanders were moved and had their land taken away from them.
　(5) Aborigines and other non-Europeans did not enjoyed the same rights. It would be many years until Australia learnt to respect Aborigines and recognize the importance of a diverse society.
　(6) After the First World War, the country experienced social and economic unrest and suffered from the Great Depression of the 1930s. After the Second World War, Australia began to transform itself into the modern country it is today.
　(7) Australian English differs in pronunciation from British and American English, and some of the vocabulary used "down under" is quite different from what you may have learnt in your English class.
　3. (1) fact　(2) example　(3) fact　(4) definition　(5) example　(6) example
　LANGUAGE STUDY
　Word study
　1. (1) be like　(2) change into　(3) different kinds, varied　(4) being crime　(5) rule, control　(6) companion　(7) woman　(8) become stronger
　2. (1) have differed　(2) resembled　(3) newcomers　(4) governed　(5) immigration　(6) has transformed　(7) strengthen　(8) diverse
　Grammar
　1. (1) a big business (n．)　(2) slow (adj．)　(3) somebody (pron．)　(4) four (numeral)　(5) away (adv．)　(6) in great trouble (prep. phrase)　(7) to be t

asted (infinitive)　(8) offering more jobs (gerund)
　(9) encouraged (passive voice)　(10) what it used to be (noun clause)
　2. (1) come　(2) remains　(3) stand　(4) keep　(5) looks　(6) had fallen　(7) smells, must have gone　(8) seemed
　INTEGRATING SKILLS
　Reading
　1. Australia was probably once connected to South America, but the continents separated as the earth's plates moved. Having been separated from other continents for millions of years, Australia has many plants and animals that cannot be found anywhere else in the world.
　2. Because the baby kangaroos are very small and weak. They are then carried in a pocket of skin for several months while they feed on the mother's milk and grow stronger.
　3. Australia is the only country in the world that covers an entire continent. Two-thirds of the country is dry or desert.
　4.（略）
　课后练习解答提示
　PRACTISING
　Vocabulary
　1. Across: (1) island　(2) chairwoman　(3) fence　(4) fellow　(5) vocabulary　(6) governor
　Down: (2) criminal　(3) female　(7) Straits　(8) birthplace　(9) newcomer　(10) barbecue
　2. (1) governed　(2) resembles　(3) transformed　(4) an outing　(5) differ　(6) chewing　(7) roast　(8) As a consequence　(9) concept　(10) lemonade
　3. (1) diverse　(2) entire　(3) pointed　(4) clawed　(5) hairy　(6) medium　(7) outdoors
4.略
　Grammar
　1. Predicative: 2, 3, 5, 7, 9, 12
　2. (1) The mysterious power of nature seems to embody on this kind of stone
　(2) the Australia is a country of Opal
　(3) The reason is very simple - it is the largest Opal producer in the world
　(4) About 95% of all the Opals come from this country
　(5) their greatest dream was to find the precious Opal which could make them lead a happy life ever since
　(6) it was not a easy job to mine the Opal
　(7) If you have an interest to buy an Opal
　(8) the safest way is to find an expert on Opal to give you some advice
　3. The Kangaroo's feet don't seem short but long. The Kangaroo's leg don't look small and strong but large and strong.
　INTEGTATING SKILLS
　Reading
　1. Australia was discovered about 53,000 years ago. It is possible that the first people crossed into Australia from Asia on a great land bridge when the water level of the oceans was lower.
　2. Their spiritual faith and their gods were important to them, and their knowledge, customs and memories were handed down by the elders of the race. Cave painting have been found which are at least 20,000 years old and are perhaps the oldest form of art yet discovered on earth.
　3. They invented different kinds of fishing nets, and also a curiously shaped piece of wood for hunting, which could be thrown and would return to the thrower if it did not strike anything. The Kooris lived by hunting animals, birds and fish, and by gathering roots, nuts and wild fruits. They became experienced at finding underground springs.
　4. Koori cul

ture and history were recorded in a collection of stories called the "Dreamtime" or the "Dreaming". Dreamtime is often said to mean "the time before time", or the point when all things were created.
　5. Some Dreamtime stories describe changes in climate, volcano eruptions and other natural events. In addition to proving them with a shared history and culture, the legends contain information about how to survive in areas where there is very little water.
　6. No one knows how many Kooris lived in Australia, maybe between 300,000 and three million. Just over 200 years ago Kooris made up 100% of the population, but today they only make up a little over 1% of the population.
　7. Language experts and people who care about the languages do what they can to keep and even revive the ancient languages. Some languages that once disappeared have been brought back to life, and there are now schools and TV stations that broadcast programmes in Koori language.
　8. In 1960, the Kooris were made citizens of Australia, 53,000 years after arriving in the country. In the last few decades, the Australian government and the Kooris have worked hard to improve the situation and make sure that all Australians are treated with the respect that they deserve. Many important new laws have been passed and a special council was set up in 1991 to address issues of equality and rights. The country is now heading for a future where cultural diversity is appreciated and celebrated. Working together as one people, Kooris and other Australians hope to heal the wounds of history and build a society where all members are truly equal.