牛津译林版八年级下册英语第一单元Past and present全套公开课教案

牛津译林版八年级下册英语第一单元Past and present

全套公开课教案

Unit 1 Past and present

Welcome to the unit

Teaching Aims:

Learn some expressions on transport at different times and arouse the Ss’ interest in learning this unit.

Step 1 Presentation

Present some pictures and lead in the topic of this unit.

Step 2 Listen and answer

Listen to the conversation between Eddie and Hobo and answer the following questions:

1. Where was Hobo’s food an hour ago?

2. Who has just eaten Hobo’s food?

3. What does Hobo think of Eddie?

Step 3Read and act

Read and act the conversation.

Step 4 Explanation

Explain the language points in the conversation:

1. Have you seen my food?

解析：此句用的是现在完成时的一般疑问句。现在完成时由“have/has +动词过去分词形式”构成。现在完成时态主要在以下两种情形下使用:（1）表示过去开始并持续到现在的动作或状态；（2）表

示过去已完成对现在有一定影响的动作。

否定形式为：主语+ haven’t /hasn’t +过去分词

疑问形式：Have/ Has +主语+过去分词…？

肯、否定回答：Yes, 代词+have/has.

No, 代词+ haven’t/ hasn’t.

e.g.

I’ve just eaten it. 我刚吃了它。

You’ve changed. 你变了。

She has lived here for ten years. 她在这住10年了。

—Have you finished your homework? 你完成家庭作业了吗？

—No, I haven’t. 不，没有完成。

★haven’t = have not hasn’t = has not

I’ve = I have You’ve = You have

2. 本课中出现的过去分词有：

see —saw — seen

eat — ate — eaten

change — changed—changed

3. You used to share food with me!

解析：used to do sth. 过去（经常）做某事（现在已经不做了）。

e.g. He used to do exercise in the park every morning, but now he stops because of the awful air. 他过去每天早晨在公园锻炼，但现在因为空气质量差而停止了。

Step 5 Pair work

Talk about the ways of going to school in pairs like this:

A: How do you usually go to school?

B: …

A: How did your parents go to school when they were students?

B: …

Step 6 Transport at different times

Learn some transport at different times by show the pictures, then complete A on page 7.

Step 7 Listen and complete the form.

Step 8Pair work

Work in pairs and take turns to talk about it. Use the conversation as a model.

Step 9 Exercise

1. Fill in the blanks.

Hobo’s food ____ in the _____ an hour ago. But it isn’t there now. Why? Eddie has just ____ it because he was ______. Hobo thinks Eddie has _______ and he is not _____ now because he _____ _____ share food with Hobo.

2. Translation

1) —你看过这部新电影吗？—没看过。

—______ you ______ this new film?

—No, _______ ________.

2)她过去是一名历史老师。

She ______ ______ _____ a history teacher.

3) 他们过去常常步行上学。

They______ ______ ______ to school ______ _______.

4)我们家乡变化很大。

My hometown _________ ________ a lot.

Homework

1. Recite the two conversations.

2. Remember the new words and phrases by heart.

Reading I

Teaching Aims:

1. Learn some new words on talking about the changes in past and present.

2. Practise reading skills by learning the conversation.

Step 1 Revision

词汇：

1. —Have you ________ (看见) my chocolate?

—No, I _________.

2. She has _______ (刚刚) eaten lunch.

3. I used to take the _________ (长途汽车) Nanjing.

4. Where do you work at _________(目前)？

Step 2 New words

1)Read aloud the new words.

2)Complete the B1.

Step 3 Warming up

Enjoy some pictures about Shanghai’s past and present, then tell us the changes in your hometown to lead in the changes in Sunshine Town.

Step 4 Read and answer

1. Why does Millie want to know the changes in Sunshine Town?

2. Why does she interview Mr Chen?

Step 5Tasks

Task 1: Read the conversation between Millie and Mr Chen quickly and silently, write a T if a sentence is true or an F if it is false.

Mr. Chen knows little about Sunshine Town.

1)Mr Chen moved away from his parents when he got married.

2)There is a large shopping mall in Sunshine Town now.

3)The steel factory once put its waste into the Sunshine River.

5) It is easy for Mr Chen to see his old friends now.

6) Amazing changes have taken place in Sunshine Town.

Task 2: Read aloud the conversation again. Sandy wants to learn more about the history of Sunshine Town. She is asking Millie some questions. Work in pairs. Complete their conversation.

Sandy: Tell me more about your interview with Mr Chen, Millie. Has he lived in Sunshine Town all his life?

Millie: Yes. He first lived with his parents in the ____________ part of town, and then moved to another flat two _________ away.

Sandy: What was the town like in the past?

Millie: There were some small ____________ and shops.

Sandy: What did Mr Chen say about the town centre?

Millie: Years ago, there was a __________ and a ________. Now there’s a new park, a new ________ and a large ______________.

Sandy: Were there any factories in Sunshine Town?

Millie: Yes. There was once a ___________ near the Sunshine River.

Task 3: Millie is going to write about the changes in Sunshine town for her history project. She has made some notes. Help her complete the sentences with the information.

Sunshine Town (1)_________________ over the years.

People now have (2)_________________ town.

The (3)______ from the steel factory was once a problem. Luckily, the government took action to improve the (4)_________.

Old people used to (5)__________________________ together.

Old people sometimes (6)_______________ because they cannot (7)________________ as often as before.

People think it is good to see (8)_____________________________.

Step 6 Read

Listen to the recording and read the passage following the tape.

Homework

1. Read aloud the conversation in pairs.

2. Find out the difficult sentences and discuss them with your classmates.

Reading II

Teaching Aims:

1. Learn the language points in this conversation.

2. Do some exercises about the language points.

Step 1 Revision

Work in pairs. Talk about Mr Chen and Sunshine Town with the help of these questions:

About Mr Chen:

1.Where did he live when he was a child?

2.Why did he move to this flat?

3. What did he use to do with his old friends?

About Sunshine Town:

1. What did people in the town have years ago?

2. What has part of the town centre turned into?

3. What did the steel factory put into the river?

4. Do you think Mr Chen lives a better life now?

Step 2 Language points:

1. I’ve lived here since I was born.

主句（用现在完成时）+since + 从句（一般过去时）。这是现在完成时常用的一种句型结构，如：

He __________ (teach) English at this school since he ______ (come) to China.

自从他来到中国就到这所学校教英语。

2. When I got married in 1965, my wife and I moved two blocks

away and we’ve lived in this area since then.

Has the town changed a lot over the years?

since then 从那时起（一直到现在）

over the years 这几年期间

这两个时间状语都是现在完成时的特征性时间状语。如：

He ________ (be) a policeman since then.

Over the years, I ________ (read) lots of books about animals.

be/get married 结婚

e.g. — How long have you been married?

你结婚多久了？

— We have been married for three years. 我已经结婚有三年了。

3. Now the government has turned part of the town centre into a new park.

turn/change … into… 把……变成……

e.g. The cars blocking the exits could turn this place into a death trap.

那些堵住出口的汽车可能使这地方成为死亡陷阱。

4. Later the government realized the problem and took action to improve the situation.

realize vt.意识到；实现

e.g. They have realized the problem.

他们已经意识到这个问题。

We must try our best to realize our China dream. 我们必须要尽最

大的努力实现我们的中国梦。

5. Well, in some ways it is.

in some ways 在某种程度上，在某些方面

如：In some ways I agree with you.

在某种程度上我同意你的观点。

6. Now I feel a bit lonely from time to time.

from time to time 不时，偶尔

如：We have not seen each other for a long time, but we send emails from time to time.

我们已经很久没见面了，但偶尔会通邮件。

lonely 孤单的，寂寞的

alone 单独，独自（= by oneself)

e.g. The old man lives alone, but he never feels lonely.

那个老人独自一个人生活，但他从不感到孤独。

7. Anyway, it’s good to see the amazing changes in the town.

在it is + adjective + to-infinitive 结构中，it 为形式主语，无实际意义，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。如：

It is nice to have a beautiful modern town.

有一座漂亮现代的城镇真好。

Step 3 Exercises

Mr Chen _______ ________ in Sunshine Town since he was born.He _______ the town very well. He first lived with his parents in the ________ part of town. In 1965, he moved two ______ away from his parents because he _______ _______.

The town has changed a lot. They only have some small ___________ and shops, a post office and a _________.

Now they have a new park, a new theatre and a _______ ______ ______, too.

_______ was a serious problem in the past. Now the government has taken action to ________ the _________.

Sunshine Town has turned into a ________ ________ town. Though it has become ___________ for Mr Chen to see his old friends as often as before, he thinks it’s good to see the _________ _________ in the town.

二、翻译句子：

1. 从那以后，她就独自己一人居住。

She _____ ______ _____ _____ ______.

2. 从某种程度上讲，这是项危险的工作。

____ _____ _____, it’s a dangerous job.

3. 她偶尔听听音乐。

She _____ ______ music _____ ____ ____ ______.

4. 目前人类不可能生活在月球上。

At ________, it’s ___________ _____ ________ _______ _______ on the moon.

Homework

1. Remember the new words and expressions.

2. Finish the exercises on workbook.

Grammar

Teaching Aims:

Learn the use of the present perfect tense.

Step 1 Revision

Answer some questions about the conversation between Mr Chen and Millie.

Model 1:

Has Sunshine Town changed a lot? Yes, it has.

Model 2:

Have Mr Chen and his wife moved out of the town? No, they haven’t.

1. Has the government built a new park?

2. Have most of Mr Chen’s old friends moved away?

3. Has it become impossible for them to see each other as often as before?

4. Have Mr Chen and his wife decided to move out of the town?

Step 2The present perfect tense

1. We use the present perfect tense to talk about actions that started in the past and continue to the present.

e.g. I have lived here since I was born.

She has worked in this factory for nine years.

2. We use the present perfect tense to talk about an action that happened in the past and have a connection with the present.

e.g. Eddie has just eaten Hobo’s food.

（Eddie ate the food, and now Hobo has nothing to eat.)

I have already seen the film?

(I saw the film in the past and now I still remember something about the film.)

3. We also use the present perfect tense to talk about how many times an action has happened till now.

e.g. I have already read this book many times.

Mr Chen has been to the USA twice.

4. We make positive statements in the present perfect tense like this:

5. We make negative statements in the present perfect tense like this:

6. We ask and answer questions using the present perfect tense like this:

7. We form the past participles of some regular verbs by adding –ed, just as what we do to form the simple past tense of these verbs:

8. We form the past participle of irregular verbs differently. Here are some examples:

Step 3 A short test

Write the past participles of the verbs below.

borrow plan say

hope cry grow

make send hit

get watch enjoy Complete the sentences below using the present perfect tense.

1 They ___________ (finish) their homework already.

2 John ____ never ______ (visit) China.

3 Mr Li ___________ (repair) over ten bicycles since Monday.

4 We ____________ (not see) each other for years.

5 My parents ___________ (not come) back yet.

6 Our teacher __________ (teach) us a lot about the history of China.

Complete the conversation. Use the correct form of the verbs in brackets.

Millie: ______ you _____ (see) any films recently, Sandy?

Sandy: No, I haven't. What about you?

Millie: I _____ (see) one last Saturday.

Sandy: What's it about?

Millie: It’s about the changes in Beijing over the past century. From this film, I ____________ (learn) more about Beijing’s past and present.

Sandy: Oh, I think I _________ (hear) about the film. Do you plan to see

it again?

Millie: Yes, I’d like to.

Step 4Summary

一、现在完成时的构成：

1. 现在完成时的肯定句句型：

主语+ have /has +过去分词…

e. g. He has lived in Beijing for ten years.

I have finished my homework.

2. 现在完成时的否定句句型：

主语+ have/has+ not+过去分词…

e.g. I have not seen the movie yet.

He hasn’t been to Beijing since then.

3. 现在完成时一般疑问句的构成：

Have/ Has + 主语+ 过去分词…?

Yes, 主语+ have/ has.

No, 主语+ haven’t/ hasn’t.

e.g. Have you finished your homework yet?

Yes, I have. / No, I haven’t.

★ haven’t =have not hasn’t = has not

I’ve = I have He’s = He has

二、用法：以下两种情况应用现在完成时：

1. 过去发生的动作或状态一直持续到现在。

He has lived here since he came to Nanjing.

2. 过去完成的动作，但强调这个过去完成的动作对现在有一定的影响或产生某种结果：

I have seen that film already.

(I saw it in the past and now I can still remember something about the film.)

★ 一般过去时只用来表示过去发生了某事，并不能表明对现在产生了什么影响。

e.g.He lost his mobile phone yesterday. 他昨天丢失的手机。

(We don’t know whether he has found it or not.)

He has lost mobile phone already. 他已经把手机丢失了。

（He can’t use it right now.)

三、判断方法：

1. 依据用法，结合句意判断。如：

他在这所学校教书有三年了。

He has taught at this school for 3 years.

2. 依据一些副词或时间状语判断。

现在完成时常和already, ever, just, never, recently, yet 等副词，以及since, for 引导的时间状语连用。

Have they arrived yet?

★ already “已经”常用于肯定句中，yet “还，仍然，已经”，常用于否定句和疑问句中。

Homework

1. Review the summary on present perfect tense.

2. Finish the exercises on workbook.

Integrated skills

Teaching Aims:

1. Learn some words about describing the changes in Starlight Town.

2. Practice listening skills by listening to the passages about Starlight Town.

Step 1 Revision

Fill the blanks with the right tenses of the verbs:

1. She _____________ (live) here ever since she was ten.

2. Both of them ________________ (be) in Hong Kong for ten days.

3. Both of them ____________ (come) to Hong Kong ten days ago.

4. Half an hour __________ (pass) since the train __________ (leave).

5. Mary _______ just ______(lose) her pen. ______ she ______ (see) it anywhere?

6. _________ you ________ (find) your watch yet?

7. ---Are you thirsty? ---No. I _________just _________ (have) some orange.

8. We _______ already ________ (return) the book.

9. ________ they _______ (build) a new school in the village last year?

10. I _______________(not finish) my homework . Can you help me?

11. Don’t make noise. My father _________ (sleep) in the room.

12. I _________ (buy) a book just now.

13. My father ___________ (read) books every evening.

11. My father _________ (read) the novel twice.

Step 2 Presentation

Present some pictures to learn the new words

Step 3 Lead-in

Present some pictures about Beijing in the past and at present.

Step 4Listening

Listen and complete A1and A2, then check the answers.

Past

Environment: green (1) ___________, clean and fresh (2) ___________, wild (3) __________ near the lake. Transport: bus and (4) ____________Living condition: old (5) _________

Present

Environment: smaller (1) ___________, new (2) ___________ station, tall (3) __________ and new roads. Transport: bus, taxi and (4) _________

Living condition: new (5) ________

Step 5 Complete A3.

1. Complete A3 and then check the answers.

2. Read aloud it.

13 February

Dear Diary,

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once / twice a day / many times a day一天一次/ 两次 /许多次 play football / basketball / volleyball/ 踢足球 /打篮球/ 排球/ 网球tennis badminton / table tennis / baseball羽毛球 / 乒乓球/ 棒球 my favourite sport / football star我最喜欢的运动 / 足球明星 enjoy listening to music喜欢听音乐 What about you?你呢？ What about / How about going fishing?去钓鱼怎么样？ be in / be a member of the Reading Club参加读书俱乐部 play basketball well / dance well篮球打得好 / 舞跳得好 look strong看起来强壮 in his free time在他的空暇时间 make him (feel) happy使他（感到）开心 want / would like to do sth想要做某事 play in the next World Cup踢下一届世界杯 come true变成现实 watch the ball games on TV通过电视看球赛 at / on the weekend // at / on weekends在周末 many of my students我的许多学生 what else / who else别的什么 / 还有谁 a lot of / lots of heroes许多英雄 an inter esting book一本有趣的书 be interested in (sth / doing sth)对….感兴趣 talk about / of谈论… some cakes and bread一些蛋糕和面包 have the parents’ meeting举行家长会 On the School Open Day在校园开放日

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初中英语学习材料 madeofjingetieji 2014-2015学年第一学期期终学业水平调研测试 九年级英语答案 听力原文 A．听对话，选择正确答案。 1. W: You look so tired. Why? M: I watched a football match on TV last night and didn’t go to bed until 11:30. 2. W: You can’t take photos here. Look at the sign on the wall! M: I’m sorry. 3. W: What bad weather it is! We can’t go out. M: But we can go out with an umbrella. 4. M: Do you know anything about the suspect? W: Yes. It’s said that he is a short, thin young man with glasses. And he was seen flying to the United States last night. 5. W: Why do you go home so early？ M: My parents ask me to get home before 6 o’clock. 6. W: Excuse me. I bought a pen here yesterday. But it doesn’t work. Would you mind giving me another one? M: Sure. Here you are. 7. W: Did you watch the film called Action? M: Yes, I did. John Smith played the lead role really well. 8. M: Mum, I’ve got a full mark in the English exam! W: Well done. I hope you will keep on studying hard 9. W: Would you like some more bread or cakes? M: No, thanks. I’ve had enough. But could you get me something to drink? 10. W: This shirt sells for four dollars each, but two only cost you seven. M: I’ll take four, please. B. 听对话或独白，选择正确答案。 听下面一段对话，完成11-12题。 W: Where did you have the charity show? M: In the Sunshine Park. W: Who was the host of the show? M: Mr Wang from the TV station. W: How long did the show last? M: About two and a half hours. W: Was the show a success? M: Yes. Many people donated money. 听下面一篇短文，完成13-15题。 Today more and more people like to go hiking. Why is hiking becoming popular? Firstly, hiking is not only a healthy but also a relaxing activity. It’s good exercise that doesn’t hurt your body. Secondly, it’s simple and cheap to go hiking. All you need to do is to wear a pair of hiking