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19上海高三英语2+2017七宝中学高三英语解析

重点词汇复习及其词性转换

1. balance/ ‘b?l?ns/ vt.使平衡;称n.天平——______________(adj.)——__________(oppo.)

2. bake/ beik/ vt.烤，烘——______________(n.)——______________(n.)

3.beautifula.美的，美丽的——______________(n.)——______________(v.)

4.beg/ beg/ vt.&vi.乞求;请求——______________(n.)

5. begin/ bi’gin/ vi.开始vt.开始——______________(n.)——______________(n.)

6. behave/ bi’heiv/ vi.表现，举止;——______________(n.)——__________(oppo.)

7.believe/ bi’li:v/ vt.相信;认为——__________(oppo.)——______________(n.)

8. belong/ bi’l??/ vi.属于——______________(n.随身物品，常以复数出现)

9.biology/ bai’?l?d?i/ n.生物学——______________(n.)——______________(adj.)

10. calm/ ka:m/ a/v，平静的,使镇静——______________(n.)

11.capable/ ‘keip?bl/ a.有能力的——______________(n.)——__________(oppo.)

12.capital/ ‘k?pitl/ n.资本，资金;首都——______________(n.)——______________(n.)

13.centre/ ‘sent?/ n.中心;中枢vt.集中——______________(adj.)——______________(v.)

14. certain/ ‘s?:t?n/ a.确实的;肯定的——______________(n.)——__________(oppo.)

15.challenge/ ‘t??l?nd?/ n/v.挑战;难题——______________(adj.)——_____________(adj.)——____________(n.)

16.character/ ‘k?rikt?/ n.性格;特性;角色——______________(adj./n)——______________(v.)

17.chemistry/ ‘kemistri/ n.化学——______________(adj./n)——______________(n.)

18. civilize/ ‘sivilaiz/ vt.使文明——______________(adj.)——______________(n.)——__________(oppo.)

19. collect/ k?’lekt/ vt.收集；收藏——____________(adj.)——______________(n.)——_____________(n.)

20. collision/ k?’li?(?)n/ n.碰撞;冲突——______________(v.)

I.句子成分划分

As an assistant at Lowell Obser vatory in Flagstaff , Arizona , Tombaugh’s task was to search among millions of stars for

a moving point of light , a planet that the observatory’s founders thought existed beyond the orbit of Neptune .

①a planet 在此句中做________.(A.主 B.谓 C.宾 D.定 E.状 F.补G.表H.同位语I.插入语)

②the observatory’s founders thought在此句中做________.

(A.主 B.谓 C.宾 D.定 E.状 F.补G.表H.同位语I.插入语)

③请写出本句中的谓语动词:___________.

II.语法巩固

(A)

Garlic

Garlic, a common seasoning found in many different types of food, has a long medical and mythical history. References to garlic (25)___________(find) in Chinese texts that are dated as far back as 3000 BC. The physician Hippocrates used garlic in ancient Greece (26)_________(treat) infections and physical disorders. In many parts of ancient world, garlic was thought to avoid unfriendly spirits, treat wounds (27)_______ ________ _______ protect against disease.

Roman soldiers believed that garlic brought them courage and energy. They took it with them when they went into battle. Egyptians fed garlic to their servants when they built pyramids. They thought that it gave the workers strength. They also believed that garlic had magical and medicinal powers in the Middle Ages, people thought that garlic prevented the plague(瘟疫).

People have praised the virtues of garlic for centuries. Garlic’s popularity began to decline in the early years of the twentieth century, but its reputation (28)_________(restore) in recent years. It is now a valuable cash crop in the state of California. Nearly a half-billion pounds of garlic are produced there each year. The city of Gilroy, California, considers (29)_________ the garlic capital of the world. Each year, the city hosts the Gilroy Garlic Festival in honor of the crop.

Some doctors are studying garlic’s effects as a defense (30)_________ some forms of cancer. Others are exploring its possibilities for treating arthritis. Garlic has also received praise for its ability to lower high levels of cholesterol(胆固醇).

(31)_________ some of the medicinal benefits of garlic have yet to be proven, it is certain(32)_________ many people enjoy the flavour that it adds to food.

(B)

The illegal sale and use of drugs

Despite the respect of most Americans for law and the determination of the legal system to protect the rights of individuals, the United States, like all other countries, does experience crime. Especially in large cities, the crime rate

(33)_______ be high.

A high percentage of crime in the United States is directly related to the illegal sale and use of drugs. Drugs are smuggled into the country by (34)________(organize) groups despite intense efforts by the government to stop the illegal drug trade. Drug abuse in the U.S. has come to be regarded as one of (35)________(challenging) social problems facing the nation. The drug issue always excites strong emotions of American (36)_________ drug abuse is regarded as a major threat to American society, particularly to its younger members. Drug abuse is a social problem as it has (37)_________ wide range of social costs. For example, drug is closely related with crime, automobile accidents. Those (38)__________ become addicted to drug use sometimes rob or break into houses or stores to steal money to pay for the drugs. It has serious effects on individuals physically and mentally, (39)_________ the economic losses caused by drug abuse are great.

Drug use has caused great concern in the United States. The federal government has worked hard to stop the (40)___________(grow) of drug plants in other countries. It has also set up special agencies, sometimes working with agencies from other nations, to catch the smugglers outside and inside the United States. Teachers and many citizens work together to teach children about the dangers of drug use. Many government agencies in the states and private citizen groups work to help drug addicts give up their drug use and turn to useful lives.

Most of us learn at primary school that there are seven continents, but the next generation of kids may be adding one more to that list.According to a recent paper published in the Geological Society of American Journal by a group of researchers, "Zealandia" is a new continent that's __31__ beneath the ocean.

Zealandia is __32__ to be five million sq km. Most of this massive area is covered by water, but its highest mountains already have their own name: New Zealand.The small country is the only part of Zealandia that isn't underwater, but the paper's authors want the huge landmass to be __33__ worldwide as its own continent.

"The scientific value of classifying Zealandia as a continent is much more than just an extra name on a list," the researchers wrote in their paper. Scientists discovered Zealandia all the way back in 1995, then started __34__ research on the area using underwater and satellite __35__technology . After completing their work, they were finally able to write a report suggesting that Zealandia be named a continent.

But who decides on what is a continent and what isn't? There is, in fact, no official organization that does. Some countries' schools teach that there are six or even five continents. This changes depending on where in the world the school is.Due to their __36__ as a "continuous expanse of land", some classify Europe and Asia as the same continent -- known as Eurasia. Schools in Russia and parts of Eastern Europe teach this.

South America as simply America.This argument over how land is defined has even __37__ into outer space. In 2006, the International Astronomical Union (IAU) decided that Pluto was no longer a planet, 76 years after its __38__ in 1930. Experts argued that it no longer met the requirements needed to be called a planet alongside the eight others in our solar system. It was therefore renamed a "dwarf planet (矮行星)", meaning that __39__ books, models and museum exhibits all over the world had to be __40__.

But will the world take the same notice of Zealandia? The best way to tell is to keep an eye on our textbooks.

IV.作文改写

Waste Separation From Your Campus

1.大学生垃圾分类的意识仍然较弱；

2.垃圾分类的重要意义；

3.垃圾分类应该从校园做起。

Undoubtedly, university campuses produce a large amount of rubbish every day. However, there are fewer college students paying close attention to its classification.

Factually, ____________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________

With the rapid increase in the amount of rubbish on campus, rubbish classification does not permit any delay. On one hand, as the well-educated people, college students should act as hosts of the universities and separate waste from this moment in their daily life. On the other hand, university authorities should strengthen students' awareness of environmental protection and guide students to separate waste in a reasonable way.

作文背诵Is Stress a Bad Thing

1.有的人害怕压力；

2.有的人认为压力并不是一件好事；

3.我的看法。

According to a recent survey, in the last few years, quite a number of young people have chosen to quit their demanding but highly-paid jobs. Although they may have their own respective reasons, I don't think their decisions

are wise in reality.

This case is not unique. Some people choose to do something less competitive so that they can lead a

comfortable, easy life that a highly-paid job cannot obtain. They are afraid that the stresses and strain s of work will

rob them of joy and happiness and do them harm both physically and mentally. In fact, however, stress isn't the bad

thing it is often supposed to be. A certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation and challenge, and to give significance to an idle life. People under stress are likely to express their full range of potential and to realize goal of a human life.

Stress is a natural part of everyday life and there is no way to avoid it. What we can do is to learn to deal with it rather that to escape from it. (184 words)

V.优秀试卷练习讲评七宝中学高三英语2017年5月

Summary:

___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ____________

___________ ___________ ___________ ___________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________

重点词汇复习及其词性转换

1. balance/ ‘b?l?ns/ vt.使平衡;称n.天平——balanced(adj.)——imbalance/unbalanced (oppo.)

2. bake/ beik/ vt.烤，烘——baker (n.)——bakery (n.)

3.beautifula.美的，美丽的——beauty (n.)——beautify (v.)

4.beg/ beg/ vt.&vi.乞求;请求——beggar (n.)

5. begin/ bi’gin/ vi.开始vt.开始——beginning(n.)——beginner (n.)

6. behave/ bi’heiv/ vi.表现，举止;——behavior (n.)——misbehavior/misbehave (oppo.)

7.believe/ bi’li:v/ vt.相信;认为——disbelieve/disbelief (oppo.)——belief (n.)

8. belong/ bi’l??/ vi.属于——belonging (n.随身物品，常以复数出现)

9.biology/ bai’?l?d?i/ n.生物学—— biologist (n.)——_biological (adj.)

10. calm/ ka:m/ a/v，平静的,使镇静——calmness (n.)

11.capable/ ‘keip?bl/ a.有能力的——capability (n.)——incapable/incapability (oppo.)

12.capital/ ‘k?pitl/ n.资本，资金;首都——capitalist (n.)——capitalism (n.)

13.centre/ ‘sent?/ n.中心;中枢vt.集中——central (adj.)——centralize (v.)

14. certain/ ‘s?:t?n/ a.确实的;肯定的——certainty (n.)——uncertain/uncertainty (oppo.)

15.challenge/ ‘t??l?nd?/ n/v.挑战;难题——challenged (adj.)——challenging (adj.)——challenger (n.)

16.character/ ‘k?rikt?/ n.性格;特性;角色——characteristic (adj./n)—— characterize (v.)

17.chemistry/ ‘kemistri/ n.化学——chemical (adj./n)——chemist(n.)

18. civ ilize/ ‘sivilaiz/ vt.使文明——civilized (adj.)——civilization (n.)——uncivilized/incivilization (oppo.)

19. collect/ k?’lekt/ vt.收集；收藏——collective (adj.)——collection (n.)——collector (n.)

20. collision/ k?’li?(?)n/ n.碰撞;冲突——collide (v.)

语法巩固答案：

25. are found 26. to treat 27. as well as 28. has been restored

29. itself 30. against 31. Although/Though 32.that

33. can 34. organized 35. the most challenging 36. because

37. a 38. who 39. and 40. growing

改编试题答案：H E J D G F C K I A

VI.优秀试卷练习讲评七宝中学高三英语2017年5月答案

Grammar :

21. could. 考查If only“要是...就好了”的对现在的虚拟句。

23. While/Although/Though.考查让步状语从句。

24. its. 此处People是杂志的名字。

25.going.考查非谓语动词做条件状语。与主语you是主动关系。

26.that. 考查强调句。

27. was portrayed. 考查过去时的被动语态。portray （n/v）肖像画；描述

28. that. 考查定语从句，something做先行词，用that引导。

29. when. 考查时间状语从句。

30. what. 考查表语从句缺主语。

★★★ a fixed definition of beauty 美的固定定义portray （n/v）肖像画；描述

other than除了，不同于grace 优雅

Vocabulary:

31. D. “速度与激情”是当代电影最成功的故事。

32. A . speed past the record （速度）远超记录。

33. B . movie review site 电影评论网站

34. AC . 由后面that develops可知，本题缺一个名词单数。词组group dynamic团体动力学。

35. ABC . the diversity of its cast演员的多样性。cast （n/v）演员;投扔

36. C . 男女主角都是从美国各个种族群中抽取出来的。

37. AD. 缺形容词，“最具进步的力量”。

38. AB . 本题缺动词，series“系列片”，做主语用单数。本句翻译：他指出该系列片“将种族视为一种现实，而

不是一个社会问题亦或是什么沾沾自喜的理由。”

39. BC . 折射其观众，因为在电影中有自己同种族的主角。

40. CD. 票房收据，就是指票房数字。

★★★genre元素disguise伪装spectacle壮观As...put it，正如...所说

set apart 分开as opposed to 相悖于speed past超过dynamic动力；活力的appealing 吸引人的contemporary当代的diversity多样性

Cloze: A B D D A B A C A D B C D A C

解析：本文是一篇说明文。从此现象“美国女性在顶尖劳力市场占比非常低”说起，先分析原因，再讨论如何解决这种问题。同时，作者在结尾呼吁美国公司能以质量而非数量来灵活改变工作场合的不公平，这样才能吸引更多有才能的女性参与到顶尖工作中。

41. A. 女性占据顶尖工作的比例非常低。shockingly令人震惊地，程度副词，最恰当。

43.D. 今天顶尖工作都要求一周超过60小时工作时间。

44.D. 对于那些想给有才能女性希望的公司企业来说,.....

45.A. 我们可以打破神话——高层次的工作只能由时间富余的人来做。

46.B. 职位高工资高的人，想要工作时间少点就要放弃一部分收入。

47.A. 48.C. 49.A. 很多职业女性会很乐意赞同一周7天查看Email且如果有必要的话，她们也会因项目紧张而来办公室，前提是只要在一年时间里，花在工作上的时间是有限定的。很多经理要知道一周7天24小时都在并不等同于一周7天24小时的工作量。（表示工作时间应当灵活安排）

50.D. 51.B. 52.C. 质量是目标，而非数量。领导需要创造一种企业文化，在此文化中，判断有才能的人的依据不是他做了多少工作，而是他为公司作贡献的质量。一个人即使是一周只工作20小时，但他却以产出格外优秀的产品的方式完成了分配给他的工作，他也应当有升职的资格并视为顶尖员工。

53.D.54.A.55.C. “付出贡献”可以帮助那些想要做顶尖工作的有才能的女性，且如果那是她们的选择，就给她们更多的权利吧。但是，只有一小部分的有才能女性会选这条路。如果美国公司不去严肃地改变现有的工作方式，我们也只能埋怨其不公平而几乎没有任何改变。

★★★the portion of top jobs 顶尖工作的比例time commitment时间付出

deliver exceptional results 产生格外优秀的结果be serious about doing认真做....

exceed超过cautious小心谨慎的reluctantly不情愿地hesitantly犹豫地

Reading Comprehension :

阅读(A)解析：本文是篇说明文。主要介绍鱼类在河水中的分布及其大致原因。

56.B。文章中第二段由The principal rivers of the Atlantic slope of the United States，for example，contain several species common to all of them，including the bullhead catfish，the bluegill sunfish and the large mouth bass．None of these species can endure salt water，so that they cannot now move from one river system to another．可知答案选B,意思是“通过大西洋它们又不过去。”因为它们是淡水鱼，而大西洋是海水。

57.D。文章最后一段有“connected at one time”、“flood”、“man”但没有“earthquake”。

58.C 。本段讲不同河流鱼类曾经相似的原因，人也起到作用。instrumental 有帮助的；transfer 转移。

59.A 。考查主旨句。

★★★distribution 分布identical相同的vice versa反之亦然

come about 发生instrumental 有帮助的

课文翻译：

相对较少的淡水鱼种受限于其生活的独立的淡水（河流）生态系统,然而,并不是大部分（鱼）都在高海拔山脊（例如：北美的Rocky山脉）的两侧被发现.换言之,Mississippi Valley的鱼类会有异于the Pacific slope的鱼类.

然而,“鱼类不会生活在两个淡水生态系统”是妇孺皆知的事实,纵使（两个淡水/河流生态系统）皆于同一分水岭进入大海,纵使（两个系统）有如出一辙的物种多样性,此事实也亦是如此.例如,大美利坚的流入Atlantic slope的几个主要河流,有着几个共有的鱼类,包括：the bullhead catfish（鲶鱼）,the bluegill sunfish（蓝鳃太阳鱼）,and the large mouth bass（大嘴鲈鱼）.以上枚举的几种鱼类均为淡水鱼（在咸水环境中难以生存）,因此,这些鱼类几乎不能从一个系统移至另一个系统.另一方面,南北鱼类（直接将species意译为鱼类）种类差异大.又比如,常见的pike（梭子鱼/秋刀鱼）在Atlantic streams（自Maryland北流入）中被发现;the brook trout（鳟鱼）和yellow perch（金鲈）仅在自North Carolina南流的河流中出现.

的河流）,在某一特定时期下,可以相互沟通连接.另外呢,一些河流在平时正常的天气条件下,是完全被分开的,然而,如遇大雨倾盆抑或雪水消融这类特殊天气条件,河流也会出现短暂的互通,这就会为鱼类转移（离开原有系统,到一个新的系统）提供条件.另外,同时水鸟也可能会偶然地带着鱼类的卵进行地点上的转移（人类也有可能成为鱼卵的携带者）,这也为鱼类转移系统开启了便宜之门.

阅读(B) 解析：图表文，需要认真，耐心寻找答案。

60. B. 本题B选项是“答非所问”，找到图一，可知：把制作方式当原因肯定错的。

61. B. 题目中“for the sake of convenience”,对应图二“without the trouble of surgical face mask”和“inserted into your

nose and aim to be undetectable”可知。

62. D。图四最后一段可知答案。

★★★innovative创新的filter过滤undetectable发现不了的

a bold abstract idea一个大胆抽象的想法smog vacuum 烟雾吸尘器

suck up 吸入crystallize结晶

阅读(C)解析：

63. B 。本题目为具体细节题。根据题干中的关键词Queen Liliuokalani的remark定位到第一段的第一句，所indicate 的内容是在第一段的第二句话，意思是观星者是在Hawaiian社会中最受尊重的成员。正确选项B的the importance of astronomy是原文star watchers were among the most esteemed members的总结概括，in ancient Hawaiian society是原文的原词出现。干扰项A的historical role属于原文信息的曲解，选项C的regrettable decline未提及，过度推理，选项D不是in her time，是她评论ancient的观星者。

64. A 。本题目为具体细节题。根据题干中的大写字母Mauna Kea，以及关键词ideal astronomical site定位到第二段But后面的内容。这里提到Mauna Kea的顶峰高于大部分的浓密大气层。选项A中的geographical features就是地质特色的意思，属于同义替换。

65. B 。本题目属于原因细节题。根据题干关键词the construction of the TMT以及opposed by some locals定位到第四段第二句，这里提到a painful reminder of the occupation of what was once a sovereign nation，对曾经主权国家遭占领的痛苦提醒。选项B中的remind 是原文的原词复现，a humiliating history(令人耻辱的历史)是对the occupation of what was once a sovereign nation 的同义转化及总结概括。

66 D 。在最后一段的最后一句里也有作者态度的线索There is no reason why everyone cannot be welcomed on Mauna Kea to embrace their cultural heritage and to study the stars.意思是说有人跑到你们那儿去，接受你们的文化遗产，去看星星看月亮，你们为什么不欢迎? 双重否定表达肯定。

★★★monarch君主esteemed受尊重的erupt爆发observatory天文台cosmos 宇宙

a dormant volcano休眠火山worship崇拜be home to是...的家园

dense atmosphere厚的大气层sacred神圣的controversy 矛盾争议

prioritize优先优待undergo a renaissance经历一次复兴make compromises作出妥协archaeological考古的embrace拥抱；包括cultural heritage文化遗产

选标题：

解析：本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍人类如何一步步从乡村转换到在大城市生活的,并解释原因。

71. AB 。前一句“城市很早就出现了”。但即使200年前也只有少部分人生活在城市里。后一句补充“事实上，几乎大家都住在农场或是小型村庄里”。

72. D。英国只是开始。不久很多其他工业国家也演化成城市社会。此题易混淆选项B，英国是开端，后面不应该再鼓吹英国城市发展。

73.A. 这一段开头就介绍城市化发展的局限。正好对应A选项，而且对接下一句。

74. AC. 工业革命打破城市和乡村平衡。选项AC既提到cities有讲到farmers,而且意思对应下一句。

★★★urbanization城市化ruling elite 统治精英surplus food 过剩食物

Summary : 本文是一篇说明文。介绍一家公司标新立异，采用员工自觉自愿付出上班时间的灵活工作时间。SEMCO is considered the world’s most unusual workplace because its employees have freedom in almost everything in the company, including salaries , time commitment and dressing codes. The CEO believes freedom in workplace boosts productivity and loyalty , and his ideas worked.Employees have the freedom to decide their own project, and are offered flexible working hours and retire plans.(58)

翻译：

1. Shanghai Disneyland has been full of tourists every day since it started.

2. Only by doing good and avoiding evil can we have a clear conscience.

3. The famous saying that there is no end to learning stimulates numerous young people to study hard to explore the unknown(world).

4. Many universities are using MOCCs to make quality education available to their students;however, experts have mixed comments on this latest online teaching approach.

2018届上海市各高中名校高三英语题型分类专题汇编--阅读理解C篇-(带答案精准校对加强版)

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