英语国家概况1 作业一

英语国家概况1 作业一

I. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F):

1. Britain is no longer an imperial country.

2. The Commonwealth of Nations includes all European countries.

3. The Scots and Welsh have a strong sense of being British.

4. Most people in Scotland speak the old Celtic language, called “Gaelic”.

5. Wales is rich in coal deposits.

6. Cardiff, the capital of Wales, is a large city.

7. Ireland is part of Great Britain.

8. The capital of Belfast is a large city with half a million people.

9. The majority of Irish people were descendants of the original Celtic people who inhabited British

Isles before the Romans arrived 2000 years ago.

10. The British government does not have direct rule from London over Northern Ireland

II. Choose the answer that best completes the statement or answers the question:

1. Which of the following is NOT considered a characteristic of London? ( )

A. The cultural center

B. The business center

C. The financial center

D. The sports center

2. Who were the ancestors of the English and the founders of England? ( )

A. The Anglo-Saxons

B. The Normans

C. The Vikings

D. The Romans

3. Why did the Scottish Kings decide to form an independent singular Scottish state in the 9th century? ( )

A. They needed a unified independent nation to fight against Viking raids.

B. They felt it necessary to develop their own industry.

C. They were threatened by the Anglo-Saxons’ invasi on.

D. They had to do it in order to resist the English.

4. Where do the majority of people in Scotland live? ( )

A. In the Highlands

B. In the Lowlands

C. In the Uplands

D. In the west of Scotland

5. When did Scotland join the Union by agreement of the English and Scottish parliaments? ( )

A. In 1715

B. In 1688

C. In 1745

D. In 1707

6. In the 17th century, the English government encouraged people from Scotland and Northern England

to emigrate to the north of Ireland, because ( )

A. they wanted to increase its control over Ireland

B. they had too many people and didn’t have enough space for them to live in Britain

C. they intended to expand their investment

D. they believed that Ireland was the best place for them

7. Northern Ireland is the smallest of the four nations, but is quite well-known in the world for .

( )

A. its most famous landmark, the “Giant’s Causeway”

B. its rich cultural life

C. its low living standards

D. its endless political problems

8. Which of the following statements is NOT true about the UK economy? ( )

A. Britain remains one of the Group of Seven large industrial economies.

B. Britain has experienced a relative economic decline since 1945.

C. There has been a period of steady decreasing of living standards.

D. Some smaller economies have overtaken the UK in terms of output per capita.

9. Which of the following was NOT the reason for the relative economic decline since 1945? ( )

A. Britain did not invest in modern equipment and new products.

B. Britain spent a high proportion of its national wealth on the military.

C. Britain had been heavily in debt to finance the war.

D. Britain had carried out the nationalization of the businesses.

10. Which of the following livestock has the biggest number in the UK? ( )

A. Beef cattle

B. Dairy cattle

C. Chicken

D. Sheep

11. Where is the best agricultural land in Britain? ( )

A. In the southeast of England

B. In the northeast of England

C. In the southeast of Scotland

D. In the northeast of Scotland

12. Which of the following is NOT a company in the energy sector? ( )

A. Shell

B. ICI

C. RTZ

D. British Gas

13. Which of the following books is written by Geoffrey Chaucer? ( )

A. The Canterbury Tales

B. Beowulf

C. King Lear

D. Morte D’Arthur

14. Which literary form flourished in Elizabethan age more than any other form of literature? ( )

A. Novel

B. Essay

C. Drama

D. Poetry

15. Among the following writers, who was NOT one of the great trio? ( )

A. Ben Johnson

B. William Shakespeare

C. Thomas Malory

D. Christopher Marlowe

16. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of British government? ( )

A. It offers the Queen high political status and supreme power.

B. It is both a parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy.

C. It is the oldest representative democracy in the world.

D. It has no written form of constitution.

17. Which of the following kings was executed in the civil war? ( )

A. James I.

B. James II.

C. Charles I.

D. Charles II.

18. What happened in 1215? ( )

A. It was the year of Norman Conquest in British history.

B. Forced by barons, King John signed the Magna Carta.

C. Henry IV granted the Commons the power to review money grants.

19. Which of the following is NOT true about the Great Council? ( )

A. It included barons and representatives from counties and towns.

B. It was sometimes summoned by the kings to contribute money.

C. It later developed into what we now know as the Cabinet.

D. It represented the aristocrats as well as the communities.

20. Under whose reign was the Bill of Rights passed? ( )

A. James II.

B. William of Orange.

C. Oliver Cromwell.

D. George I.

III. Fill in the blanks:

1. Britain is a country with a history of invasions. In 43 AD Britain was invaded by , in

the late 8th century they experienced raids from Scandinavia and in the 11th century they suffered invasions from .

2. The Anglo-Saxons began to settle in Britain in the century.

3. The UK economy can be divided into three main sectors: industries, secondary

industries and industries.

4. Since the discovery of oil and gas under the , Britain has gained a strong position

in the offshore oil industry.

5. Glaxo-Wellcome is the biggest drug company in the world while is the second

largest paint manufacturer in the world.

6. written by Geoffrey Chaucer is often studied by middle school

and college students today.

7. Students attend schools from the age of 11 up to around the age of 19.

8. The newspapers carry more serious and in-depth articles of particular political and

social importance.

9. The other category of newspapers is which are often called “gutter press”.

10. Officially speaking the British newspapers are free from government control and and

can print what they like, but many British laws limit the freedom of newspapers.

11. , the ancestor of the present Queen, Elizabeth II, united England under his rule in 829.

12. The doctrine of the “divine right of kings” held that the sovereign derived his authority from

, not from .

13. During the civil war in the 17th century, those who represented the interests of Parliament are called

, and those who supported the King were called .

14. In 1215, some feudal barons and the Church forced King to sign the

to place some limits on the King’s power.

15. In medieval times, kings would summon a group of wealthy barons and representatives of counties,

towns and cities _ called to raise money.

IV. Tell what you know about the following in your own words:

1.The Anglo-Saxons:

2.Main sectors of the UK economy:

3. The Canterbury Tales:

V. Questions:

Answer the questions according to the relevant text.

1. “British history has been a history of invasion.” Please illustrate this point with the examples from the text. How did each of the invasions influence English culture?

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