大学生英语精读4复习期末考试资料
Vocabulary (Unit1)
1. A thoughtful person thinks before speaking and considers the feelings of others.(一个考虑周到的人总是先思考再说话，而且总是考虑到别人的感受。)
2. The library is closing. We might as well go home. (图书馆关门了，我们最好还是回家)
3. I’d like to draw your attention to the fact that there is some sense after all in the speaker’s nonsense. (我想让你注意到这样一个事实，在演讲者的胡言乱语中总有一定的意义)
4. Harry has a vivid imagination; he can make up marvelous stories. (哈利具有丰富的想象力，他能编出奇特的故事)
5. Although Margie was swimming so well, she failed to win the first prize and had to settle for the second. (尽管玛吉游泳游的很棒，但他未能获得第一，而只能屈居第二)
6. I’m quite determined to have the thing finished and done with before leaving the office. (我坚决完成此事并且要在下班前做完)
7. Competitive sports are recommended to young adults to prepare them for the competition world of college and business. (年轻人应该多进行一些经济性的体育运动以适应充满竞争的大学生活和商业活动)
8. It pained me to admit that I was such a fool as to repeat the mistake(承认我是个重复犯同样错误的傻瓜，这使我感到痛苦)
9.My boss paid me and added a bonus for the new customers I had signed up(老板付给我工资并发了奖金奖励我签了新客户) 10.A soldier should never shrink form the duty of defending his country even in the face of certain death(即使面对死亡，一名战士也不应该逃避保卫祖国的职责)
11. Due to exceptionally bad weather, the ship arrived late and the delivery of goods was not on time（由于天气突变，船到晚了，货物无法准时送到）
12.My wife was rather embarrassed when she overheard some of our guests say they didn’t like the meal she’d cooked for them(当我的妻子无意中听到一些客人说他们不喜欢她做的菜，她相当尴尬)
13.People in my hometown tend to eat more sour food on hot summer days presumably because it could help quench their thirst(在我的家乡，炎热的夏天人们好吃酸的食物，因为酸的食物有助于解渴)
14.In the United States it is quite easy to find a place for rent ,but the high cost keeps many young people away(在美国，找到一个地方居住根容易，但高昂的价格使许多年轻人止步不前)
15. The professor was reluctant to stop grading the stack of papers on her desk, but she was really too tired to read on(教授
不情愿停止批改桌上的试卷，但她实在太累了，无法再继续看下去)
16. Bacteria reproduce themselves by splitting into two.(细菌靠自己分裂成俩个进行繁殖)
Unit5
1.Her suggestion may sound reasonable in everybody else’s
eyes I’m afraid it may seem ridiculous.（对你来说他的建议听起来有道理，但在别人的眼里恐怕就太可笑了）
2.Some doctors believe it is brutal to tall dying patients the
truth about their condition because they may become so distressed as to commit suicide.(一些医生认为告诉垂危病人实情是残忍的，以为他们可能会因非常沮丧而自杀)
3.We note with satisfaction that all those activities have helped
to promote mutual understanding and friendship between our two country(我们满意的注意到所有这些活动有利于我们俩个国家间的互相理解和友谊)
4.Contrary to the belief of some doctors, even very old and sick
people want to know the details of their illness so that they can prepare for death in their own special way(一些医生的观点相反，即使是年纪很大，病情严重的人都想知道他们的病情的详细情况，这样他们可能以自己特殊的方式准备死亡的降临)
5.Corruption in government is not tolerated any country that
wants to achieve rapid economic growth and improve the life of its citizens(政府的腐败是任何一个希望经济快速增长，人民生活提高的国家所不能容忍的)
6.Mary betrayed her friends by going back on her words(玛丽
背叛了她的朋友，违背了诺言)
7.The author brings the first chapter of his book to a close by
giving a brief account of the advances science has made since liberation(作者简单的介绍了解放以来所取得的科技成就，以此来结束其著作的第一章)
8.In that accident, Julian risked her own life to help a disabled
woman(在那次事故中，朱丽安冒着生命危险去帮助一个残疾妇女)
9.It pays in the long run to introduce new techniques.(引进新技
术从长远来看是值得的)
10.Mrs. Queen gave us a distorted account of what had
happened; that’s why we no longer believe in the sincerity of her utterances.(格林夫人给我们一个与事实不否的描述，这就是为何我们不再相信她的话的原因)
11.In every country parents always remember the first time
their child utters the word “Mama” or “Dad”.(在每个国家，父母亲总是记得他们的孩子第一次叫妈妈或爸爸的情形)
12.At times the oral English class was noisy, with everyone
participating in an activity at the same time, but at others, the class just sat there and didn’t say anything.(有时英语口语课吵吵闹闹的，大家同时参加一项活动，但其他时候，学生们都坐在那里，一句话不说)
Unit 6
1.Months of training were a necessary prelude to the champions hip bout. （几个月的训练是拳击锦标赛必要的序幕。）
2.It's important that everyone on the project keeps to the schedu le. （每个人坚持按照时间表来做项目是非常重要的。）
3.Seeing that they were very busy then, we took our leave very q uickly lest we should be in the way/get in the way. （看到他们非常忙碌之后，我们很快离开了，以免妨碍了他们。）
4.Applications should be addressed to the committee and not to i ndividuals. （申请应以书面向委员会而不是个人）
5.The teacher singled out Jennifer for special praise, for she was good at writing short, clear sentences arranged in logical sequen ce. （老师挑出来特别表扬詹妮弗，因为她擅长写简短，明确句子的逻辑顺序排列。）
6.A special commission will be set up within three months to stud y the question of how to preserve historical houses in the city. （一个特别委员会将在3个月内成立，研究如何保护这个城市的历
史建筑的问题。）
7.Her appearance isn't relevant to whether she can be a good tea cher. （她的外貌与她是否能成为一名优秀的教师是不相关的。）8.It is not very easy to integrate yourself into a society whose cult ure is so different from your own. （将你自己与一个文化差异很大的社会成为一个整体并不容易。）
9.So graceful was the dancer that she just seemed to glide over th
e floor. （这个舞者非常优雅，她看起来像在地板上滑行。）
10.The ultimate object of scientific inquiry is to discover the laws of nature. （对科学探究的最终目的是发现自然规律。）
11.The driver was still conscious when the ambulance arrived at the scene of the accident. （当救护车在抵达事故现场,这个司机仍然清醒。）
12.Despite continual pain, he refused all drugs. （尽管持续疼痛，他拒绝了所有的药物。） 13.Reading between the lines, her husband figured out tha t she was still bitter about his recent behaviour in spite of the ap parently cheerful tone of the letter. （她的丈夫从行与行之间想通了，尽管她在该信的语气显然开朗，但仍然对他最近的行为感到痛苦。）
14.Owning sets of books is useless unless you read them. （书籍是只拥有看到是没有用的,除非你阅读它们）
15.My aunt almost fainted when she was told that what she boug ht at a very high price was not the original drawing, but just a co py of it. （当我的姑妈被告知她买了很高价钱的不是原版画,只是一个副本时，她几乎晕倒时。）
Unit7
1.1.The nurse on duty hurried to Mr. Spenser’s ward in
answer to his bell.（应斯宾塞先生电铃的召唤，值班护士急忙赶到病房）
2.Catching sight of its mother ,the little child stopped crying
and toddled to meet her （看见他的妈妈，小孩停止了哭泣，蹒跚着走过去迎接她）
3.The football players were trying to make impression on the
national coach（足球运动员正在努力给国家教练留下好印象）4.Banks have to think of ways of making long-term savings
more attractive individuals and businesses.（银行得想办法使长期储蓄更吸引个人和企业）
5.Though he had done a day’s hard work , ha said he
wasn’t in the least tired.(尽管他干完了一天繁重的劳动，但他却说一点也不累)
6.Mr. David in the habit of knitting his brows whenever he
concentrates on a difficult problem.（大为先生只要一专心思考问题，就会习惯性的皱起眉头）
7.Mother always taught me to be thrifty ad not to live beyond
my means（母亲总是教育我要节俭，不要入不敷出）
8.Fruits is best and cheapest when it is in season.（水果当季
时最好，价格最便宜）
9.All of a sudden train jerked to a stop and in the same instant
everyone on the train knew that something must have gone wrong（突然火车急刹车，此时车上的每一个人都意识到一定出事了）
10.We would have succeed in fulfilling the task ahead of
schedule if the weather had not take a hand in our plan(如果不是天气阻碍了我们的计划，我们将会提前胜利完成任务) 11.The two kidnappers thrust him into the back of a jeep and
then drove off at full speed（俩个绑架者将他猛的推进吉普车，然后全速开走了）
12.The night was very dark ,and suddenly a flash of lighting lit
the sky (夜很黑，突然一道闪光照亮了夜空)
13.The Browns were very hospitable to us when we visited
Chicago in the summer of 1995.They showed us around most of the city（当我们于1995年夏天到芝加哥时，布朗夫妇对我们很热情，带着我们逛了大半个城市）
14.Ways must be found to assure our children a decent start in
life
15.In some countries, the constitution forbids the military use of
nuclear energy(在一些国际宪法禁止将核能运用在军事设施上)
Unit10
1. Dana came back from her holiday with renewed strength and decide to go on with the experiment.(以全新的力量和黛娜从她假期回来决定继续实验
2. Mary is as vain as a peacock and always wants to be the focus of attention玛丽白孔雀和总是想成为注意的焦点
3. Timothy’s letters indicate that he loved his daughter and took pride in her and her work盖的信表明,他爱他的女儿,她和她的工作而骄傲
4. Jim had to exert all his strength to pull the drowning man out of the river吉姆不得不发挥他所有的力气去把溺水的人从河里
5. Jane experienced a loss of identity after giving up her career to get married简有一种失落感放弃她的事业后结婚
6. like food, fuel, etc. water is a basic necessity of life像食品、燃料等,水是生命的基本需要
7. Our organization seeks to improve the social status of disabled people by providing them with better employment opportunities 我们组织谋求改善残疾人的社会地位,为他们提供更好的就业机会
8. The hall did not have the capacity for such a large number of people so we had to look for a larger auditorium大厅里没有这样的能力很多人所以我们必须找一个更大的礼堂
9. Thomas Jefferson argued that the greatest contribution you
can make to your country is to preserve freedom by continuing your education and taking care that your children receive the highest level of education possible托马斯·杰斐逊认为,你可以让你的国家最伟大的贡献是为了保护自由继续你的教育和照顾孩子接受教育的最高水平
10. When Albert got a position in London all of his friends envied him because the job would offer him more opportunities to go abroad当艾伯特得到一个职位在伦敦他所有的朋友羡慕他,因为会给他更多的机会去国外工作
11. If you feel you have any cause for complaint about the service you can call the head office of the company如果你觉得你有什么理由抱怨服务你可以叫公司的总部
12. In the absence of any substantial evidence ,the suspect was found not guilty没有任何实质性的证据,犯罪嫌疑人被判无罪
13. Therapies like acupuncture do work and many patients have been healed by them疗法和针灸一样工作,许多病人已经痊愈
Unit 10
1.Dana came back from her holiday with renewed strength and d ecided to go on with the experiment. （Dana带着重新获得的力量从她的假日回来，决定继续她的实验。）
2.Mary is as vain as a peacock and always wants to be the focus of attention. （玛丽总是像白孔雀般骄傲，总是希望成为人们关注的焦点。）
3.Timothy's letters indicate that he loved his daughter and took pride in her and her work.（提摩太的信件表明，他爱他的女儿，
并以了她和她的工作为骄傲）
4.Jim had to exert all his strength to pull the drowning man out of the river.（吉姆不得不发挥他所有的力量，救出河的溺水者）
5.Jane experienced a loss of identity after giving up her career to get married.（简有一种失落感而放弃了她的职业生涯要结婚了）
6.Like food, fuel, etc., water is a basic necessity of life. （像食品，燃料，水等，是生活的基本必需品）
7.The speaker talked about law in general and about internation al law in particular. （该发言人在谈论有关的法律，特别是国际法，。）
8.In a sense, the goal of education is to help every student to reali ze their potential. （在某种意义上说，教育的目标是帮助每一个学生实现他们的潜能）
9.Our organization seeks to improve the social status of disabled people by providing them with better employment opportunities.（我们的组织，旨在通过提供更好的就业机会，提高残疾人的社会地位）
10.The hall did not have the capacity for such a large number of people so we had to look for a larger auditorium. （大厅没有容纳这样的一大批人的能力，所以我们不得不寻找一个更大的礼堂。） 11.Thomas Jefferson argued that the greatest contribution
you can make to your country is to preserve freedom by continu ing your education and taking care that your children receive the highest level of education possible. （托马斯杰斐逊认为，你可以为你的国家做的最大的贡献是维护自由的教育使你的孩子得到最高水平的教育成为可能。）
12.When Albert got a position in London all of his friends envied him because the job would offer more opportunities to go abroa d. （当艾伯特在伦敦得到了地位，他的朋友们都羡慕他，因为这项工作将提供更多的机会走出国门。）
13.If you feel you have any cause for complaint about the service you can call the head office of the company. （如果你觉得你有任何有关服务的抱怨，您可以向该公司总部投诉。）
14.In the absence of any substantial evidence, the suspect was fo und not guilty. （在没有任何实质性证据的情况下，犯罪嫌疑人被判无罪）
15.Therapies like acupuncture do work and many patients have been healed by them.（像针灸疗法的治疗方法，治愈了很多患者）Translation（Unit1）
1.我们接到通知，财政部长将于次日接见我们。
We were informed(我们接到通知) that the Minister of Finance was to give us an audience (接见我们)the next day.
2.我觉得很奇怪，他似乎不记得自己的生日。
I thought it odd(我觉得很奇怪) that he didn’t seem to remember his own birthday.
3.学期论文最迟应在下星期二交来，可是至今大部分学生却几无进展。
Next Tuesday is the deadline for handing in the term papers, but most students have hardly made a dent(几乎无进展) in the work so far.
4.看到学生人数不断减少，校长心里很难受。
It pained the headmaster(校长心里很难受) to find the number of students shrinking.
5.在那个国家一般用现金付账，但支票变得普遍起来了，不久会代替现金作为人民结账的一种方式。
Cash is commonly used in paying bills in that country, but checks are becoming more popular and will, in a short while, replace cash as a way for people to settle their accounts. it is not responsible for
6.该公司声称，这条河流的污染不是它造成的。
The company claims that it is not responsible for(不是他的责任)the pollution in the river.
Unit5
1.我确信这项所谓明智的决定，与期望相反，会带来极其严重的后果。
I am convinced that, contrary to expectations
(与期望相反), the so-called informed decision (这所谓明智的决定)will bring very grave consequences.
2.诚然，他曾欺骗你，但他已经承认自己做错了并道了歉。
所以你不应该老是以怀疑的态度对待他。
It’ true he once deceived you, but he has admitted he has done wrong and apologized. So you shouldn’t always treat him with suspicion (所以你不应该老是以怀疑的态度对待他)
3.他在这个问题公开进行辩论之前就已表明了自己的立场。
He had taken a stand on(表明自己的立场)the issue before it was openly debated.
4.在调查过程中，他们发现了种种形式的政治腐败，并揭露了很多贪官污吏。
In the course of their investigation, they discovered various forms of political corruption and exposed a number of corrupt officials (揭露了许多贪官污吏)
5.玛丽的难处境是：把真相告诉老板从而失信于她的同事，还是让老板蒙在鼓里从而辜负他的责任。
Mary’s dilemma was whether to betrayed her colleagues by telling her boss the truth or to betrayed his trust by keeping him in the dark(让他蒙在鼓里) about it.
6.首先，是什么使你认为这项规划会促进改革？其次，你怎么知
道这些改革会让全县得到好处？
Now, in the first place(首先),what has made you think this program will promote reforms, and in the second（其次）, how do you know these reforms will benefit the whole county?
Until6
1) 那位卫生部副部长一再强调把中西医结合起来是多么重要。The vice minister of health has emphasized time and again how i mportant it is to integrate traditional Chinese medicine with wes tern medicine.
2) 热天很难保藏食品，使之保持新鲜与食用安全。很自然，许多人觉得在夏季还是不上饭店为好。
In hot weather it is rather difficult to preserve food and keep it f resh and safe to eat. Naturally, many people prefer not to eat in r estaurants during the summer months.
It will do us good to underline the points that the author emphas izes in his book. 4) 经过好几天侦查，警方终于弄清这起谋杀案和新近发生的越狱事件有关。
After days of inquiry the police finally tied up the murder with t he case of the recent escape from prison.
5) 我想劝说他们采纳我们的计划，首先因为这一计划所需资金较少，其次，不会造成环境污染。
I want to persuade them to adopt our plan, because, in the first p lace, it calls for less funds and, in the second place, it will not cau se environmental pollution.
6) 父亲用绳子把芹菜 (celery) 扎在一起，放在河里浸了浸，然后拿到菜场去卖。 Father bound the celery together with a rope and dipped it in the stream for a while before he took it to the market for sale. Unit7
1.法庭的判决引起史密斯先生的朋友们的气愤，他们相信他们
是无辜的。
The court’s judgment aroused anger(法庭的判决引起气氛)among Mr. Smith's friends, who believed that he was innocent.
2.当我们经过那家价格昂贵的餐馆时，父亲催我们快走，他说在这样高档的地方用餐时大大超过我们的经济能力的。
2.As we passed the expensive restaurant, father hurried us along saying that it was well beyond our means（大大超过我们的经济能力）to have dinner at such a fancy place.
3.老师在评价一篇文章并给他打分时，可能是根据总的印象而不是根据仔细的分析。
A teacher may evaluate and grade an essay on the basis of his general impression(根据他的总的印象)rather than on a detailed analysis.
4.小狗将我的一张画搞坏了，我真想对它发火，可它那可爱的样子使我不禁笑着把它从地上抱了起来。
I was inclined to get angry at the puppy(我正想对小狗发火)for ruining my painting but he was cute that I could not help but laugh and pick him up.
5.爱德华常常喜爱在那间可以眺望大海的房间里朗诵诗歌。Edward was in the habit of reciting poems(喜爱朗诵诗歌) in the room overlooking the sea.
6.安东尼彻夜未眠，因为他对于是否得插手此事举棋不定。
6.Anthony stayed up all night because he just could not make his mind(举棋不定)whether or not to take a hand in the matter. (对于是否插手此事)
Unit10
1.关键证人的缺席有可能削弱对被告的指控力度。
The absence of the crucial witness(关键证人的缺席）was likely to weaken the case against the defendant.
2.为了帮我们准备好参加辩论，教练要我们经常注意与我们自己的论点相悖的论点。
To prepare us for the debate, the coach wanted us to be always aware of arguments that are quite the reverse of ours.(要我们经常注意与我们自己的论点相悖的论点。
3.尤其是，人们指望你表现出能激励和领导一班人的潜力。
Above all you are expected to demonstrate a potential
(人们指望你表现出潜力）to motivate and lead the team.
4.医生往往为自己能够医治好病人罕见的疾病而自豪。
A doctor often prides himself on the ability（为能力而自豪）to cure his patient of a rare disease.
5.如果不按时将书归还图书馆或到期前不续借，就得按规定罚款。
If books are not returned to the library on time or not renewed before they are due(到期前不续借），a fine must be paid In accordance with the regulations(按规定).
6.总的说，很少有人不抱怨自己的工作的，然而一旦他们没有机会工作了又会不高兴。
On the whole, few people do not complain about their jobs(很少有人不抱怨自己的工作的）. On the other hand, they would be very unhappy if they got no chance to work.
Vocabulary (Unit1)
小学期末考试复习四年级下册英语复习题汇总
小学期末考试复习四年级下册英语复习题汇总 YUKI was compiled on the morning of December 16, 2020
4B U n i t1复习练习 一、英汉互译 1.谢谢 5.一名新学生 2.那位男孩 6.下来 3.爬树 7.在树上的小猫 4.这位女士 8.过来 二、连词成句 to school welcome(.) 2.again don’t trees climb(.) 3.are a nurse you me excuse(,)() 4.student a my new is brother(.) 三、翻译句子 1.你是一位医生吗 you 2.你是不是这儿的新生 new
3.下次不要再爬树了。 trees . （4）那位穿红衣服的女孩是谁？ in 四、改写句子 1.David is a student.(改为一般疑问句) 2.I am a nurse. (改为一般疑问句) 3.That women is Miss Xu.（划线部分提问） 4.The girl isn’t a student.（改为肯定句） 4BUnit 2 At a party复习练习 一、英汉互译 1.在小汽车里 2.哪一条裙子 3.父亲的父亲 4.大眼睛男孩 5.大鼻子的男士 6.我的朋友 7.穿绿色衣服的女孩 8.穿着白外套 9.迈克的自行车 10.我爸爸的猫
二、单词辩音 fathermouth( ) nose seven ( ) latefather( ) mother sister( ) boyclimb( ) bike is( ) 三、改错 1、The boy with big ear is my brother.（） 2、Who`s the girl with the red skirt （） 3、His my brother. （） 4、The one in the red is Wancy. （） 5、He is late to the party. （） 四、填空 1、A: the boy big eyes B: Ben. 2、A: We school. B: Yes, hurry. 3、Here are some flowers you . 4、Who’s girl big mouth?
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马原复习资料重点知识论述题-CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN
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4、小夜莺——机智勇敢、热爱祖国 5、雨来——机智勇敢、热爱祖国、游泳本领高 6、一个中国孩子——热爱和平、憎恨战争 7、盲童安静——热爱生活、珍惜生命 8、琳达一家——一心为他人着想，乐于助人 9、乡下人家——热爱生活，勤劳朴实 10、伽利略—执着追求真理，相信科学、不迷信权威 11、罗丹——做事全神贯注、一丝不苟、执著追求 12、聋哑青年——做事勤奋专注、画技高超 13、父亲(父亲的菜园)——勤劳执著、认准目标、坚持不懈、 4、纪昌——虚心好学、勤学苦练 15、飞卫——堪称名师 16、扁鹊——医术高超 17、蔡桓公——固执己见、自以为是、讳疾忌医 18、文成公主——聪明又漂亮 19、普罗米修斯——不畏强权，为民造福、不惜牺牲自己的生命 20、宙斯——心狠手辣、冷酷无情 21、渔夫——从容、镇定、聪明 22、魔鬼——凶狠狡猾而又愚蠢 三、单元心得体会 1、学习了第1单元，我感受到了祖国的风景是那么的奇妙
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第二部分样题一 一、交际用语（共计10 分，每小题2 分） 1~5 题：选择正确的语句完成下面的对话。 1．— Hi, Wang Xin, nice to meet you! — Hi, Liu Hui. A． Nice to meet you too. B． How do you do ？ C． I'm fine, thank you. 答案： A 解析：本题考查“互相问候”的交际用语。第一说话人以nice to meet you （见到你很高兴）问候对方时，答语 应用 nice to meet you too 来回应，所以答案是A。 2．— How about going to the class together ？ — A． Of course not. B． That sounds great. C． I don't like it. 答案： B 解析：本题考查“提出建议”的交际用语。第一说话人提出一起去上课的建议，如果赞同，根据给出答案，答 语应该是这听起来不错；如果不赞同，则应委婉礼貌地拒绝， C 答案语气太强硬，不太礼貌，所以答案是B。3．— Thank you for sharing this with me. — A． Nothing. B． You can share, too. C． My pleasure! 答案： C 解析：本题考查“回复致谢”的交际用语。My pleasure 是 It's my pleasure 的缩写，意为“不客气、很荣幸”。 常见的表达“不客气”的短语还有：You are welcome/don't mention it/Sure thing 等，所以答案是C。 4．— What will you buy for the Spring Festival ？ — A． I will buy gifts for my family. B． Clothes are on sale. C． I want to go shopping. 答案： A 解析：本题考查“购物”的交际用语。“新年到了，你想买点儿什么呢”，应作出针对性的回答，即为 A 项：“我 想买些礼物送给家人” ；其余两项回答不够清晰，所以答案是A。 5．— — It's dark brown. A． How about his weight ？ B． Is he a tall guy？ C． What color is his hair ？ 答案： C 解析：本题考查“表示询问”的交际用语。第二说话人回答的“dark brown 深褐色”是颜色，因此推断出第一说话人应该是询问跟颜色有关的问题，所以答案是C。 二、词汇与结构（共计30 分，每小题2 分）
2018.4期中考试复习题
期中考试复习题 1.简要说明ARPANET研究中，通信网络方案设计的两个基本问题？ 答：①.网络拓扑结构： 集中式和非集中式拓扑构型 () 分布式网络拓扑构型： ②.分组交换技术 2.简要说明计算机网络主要特征？ 答： （1）组建计算机网络的主要目的是实现计算机资源的共享。 （2）互联的计算机系统是自治的系统。 （3）联网计算机之间的通信必须遵循共同的网络协议 3. 按覆盖的地理范围划分，计算机网络可以分为哪些网络？ 答：广域网、城域网、局域网与个人区域网。 4. 广域网具有那两两个主要的特征？ 答：（1）广域网是一种公共数据网络。 ?（2）广域网研究的重点是宽带核心交换技术。 5.宽带城域网的定义？ 答：宽带城域网是以IP协议为基础，通过计算机网络、广播电视网、电信网的三网融合，形成覆盖城市区域的网络通信平台，为语音、数据、图像、视频传输与大规模的用户接入提供高速与保证质量的服务。 6.宽带城域网技术的主要特征 （1）完善的光纤传输网是宽带城域网的基础。 （2）传统电信、有线电视与IP业务的融合成为了宽带城域网的核心业务。（3）高端路由器和多层交换机是宽带城域网的核心设备。 （4）扩大宽带接入的规模与服务质量是发展宽带城域网应用的关键。 7. 画出宽带城域网的功能结构图？
8.局域网的定义？ （1）局域网（LAN）用于将有限范围内（例如一个实验室、一幢大楼、一个校园）的各种计算机、终端与外部设备互联成网。 （2）按照采用的技术、应用范围和协议标准的不同，局域网可以分为共享局域网与交换局域网。 9.决定局域网性能的三个因素是什么？ 答：拓扑、传输介质与介质访问控制方法。 10.简述局域网的应用范围？ 答：可以用于办公室、家庭个人计算机的接入，园区、企业与学校的主干网络，以及大型服务器集群、存储区域网络、云计算服务器集群的后端网络。 11.简述Internet网络结构的主要特点？ （1）大量的用户计算机与移动终端设备通过符合802.3标准的局域网、802.11标准的无线局域网、802.16标准的无线城域网、无线自组网、无线传感器网络，有线电话交换网、无线3G/4G移动通信网，以及有线电视网接入本地的ISP、企业网或校园网。 （2）ISP将终端用户的计算机汇接到宽带城域网。宽带城域网通过城市宽带出口连接到国家或国际级主干网。 （3）大型主干网是由大量分布在不同地理位置、通过光纤连接的高端路由器构成，提供高带宽的传输服务。 （4）国际或国家级主干网组成Internet的主干网。国际、国家级主干网与地区主干网连接有很多服务器集群，为接入的用户提供各种Internet服务。 12.画出基本的网络拓扑构型的结构？简述其特点。
大学马原考试练习情况总结复习资料计划重要资料库要点(较全面)
绪论马克思主义是关于无产阶级和人类解放的科学 一、什么是马克思主义 马克思主义的内涵 马克思主义是现代无产阶级的思想体系。 马克思主义可以从不同的角度理解，总体有广义与侠义之分： 从狭义上讲：马克思主义是指由马克思和思格斯所创立的基本理论、基本观点和学说的体系。 从广义上讲：马克思主义不仅指马克思和思格斯所创立的基本理论、基本观点和学说的体系，也包括后人对它的运用和发展，即在实践中不断发展了的马克思主义。 二、马克思主义的产生和发展 （二）马克思主义是时代的产物 马克思主义诞生在欧洲，产生于19世纪40年代，以《共产党宣言》的发表为标志。马克思主义的产生和发展有其深刻的经济社会根源、思想渊源和实践基础。 1、资本主义经济的发展为马克思主义的产生提供了经济、社会历史条件。 2、无产阶级反对资产阶级的斗争日益激化，对科学理论的指导提出了强烈的需要。 3、马克思恩格斯的革命实践和对人类文明成果的继承与创新 马克思主义产生的理论前提 德国古典哲学、英国古典政治经济学和英、法的空想社会主义理论。 （三）马克思主义在实践中不断发展 1、马克思主义哲学是时代精神的精华 马克思主义是在实践中不断发展着的科学。马克思主义之所以具有强大的生命力，就在于它是时代精神的反映。所谓时代精神也就是对一定时代的本质、主题和基本特征等方面的概括。每个时代都有自己发展趋向方面的主题、任务及其精神需求，它渗透在这个时代的经济、政治、文化、科学等各个方面。马克思主义之所以能指引着无产阶级时代前进，推动文明进步，根本原因就在于它自觉地植根于社会实践的丰厚土壤，不断地从现实生活中吮吸自己的生命之泉，随着时代主题的转换检验、丰富和发展自己，科学地回答了时代在不同阶段提出的根本性的重大问题。 2、马克思主义具有与时俱进的品格 首先，马克思主义是随着实践发展而发展的科学。实践的观点是马克思主义基本的观点，实践性是马克思主义的本质特性。一句话，实践决定了马克思主义是一门发展的学说。 其次，马克思主义是一个开放性的科学体系。科学性是马克思主义哲学与时俱进的内在根据。 第三，马克思主义具有与时俱进的内在自觉。 3、马克思主义的发展 在总结帝国主义和无产阶级革命时代的新的历史条件下，在总结新的历史经验和概括自然科学最新成就的基础上产生了列宁主义。 为解决半封建半殖民地社会革命的问题，产生了毛泽东思想。 为解决在经济上相对落后的国家如何建设社会主义，产生了邓小平理论。 三、马克思主义科学性与革命性的统一
《大学英语1》期末考试综合复习资料
《大学英语1》期末考试综合复习资料 I. Use of English(20%)—交际英语，共10道选择题，每题2分，共20 分。 II.Reading Comprehension (40%)—阅读理解，4篇文章，共20道选择题，每题2分，共40分。 III.Vocabulary and Structure(30%)—词汇与语法，共30道选择题，每题1分，共30分。 IV.Cloze Test (10%)—完形填空，共10道选择题，每题1分，共10分 I. Use of English (10×2) Directions:In this part there are 10 incomplete dialogues. For each dialogue there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the dialogue. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 1. —Excuse me, could you please tell me how to get to the railway station? —____________ A. No, I couldn’t. B. Sorry, I don’t know. I’m new here. C. I couldn’t tell you. D. You can’t ask me. 2. — What day is today? — _____________. A. Today is March 24. B. Today is not bad. C. Today is sunny D. Today is Saturday 3. —How do you do? Glad to see you. — _________________________ A. How are you? Me too. B. How do you do? Glad to meet you. C. I am fine, thank you. And you? D. Nice, how are you? 4. —I’m sorry. Bob’s not in his office. — _________ A. Can you take a message for me? B. Are you sure for that? C. Would you like to leave a message? D. Can you phone me?
成人教育《土木工程 (4)》期末考试复习资料及参考答案
C1.They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of ______sat a small boy. A. whom B. who C. which D. that D2.The engineer ______my father works is about 50 years old. A. to whom B. on whom C. with which D. with whom B3.They talked a lot about things and persons ________they remembered in the school. A. which B. that C. whom D. what B4.My neighbors used to give me a hand in time of trouble, _______ was very kind of them. A. who B. which C. that D. it C5. I have bought two ball pens, _______ writes well. A. none of them B. neither of them C. neither of which D. none of which A6. She was so angry at all ________ he was doing _________ she stayed up all night. A. that; that B. that; which C. what; that D. what; as C7. ____in this way, the situation doesn't seem so disappointing. A. To look B. Looking at C. Looked at D. To be looked at B8. You will see this product ____ wherever you go. A. to be advertised B. advertised C. advertise D. advertising C9. ____in a recent science competition, the three students were awarded scholarship totaling 21,000 dollars. A. To be judged the best B. having judged the best C. Judged the best D. Judging the best C10. From the dates ____ on the plates, we decided that they were made in Song Dynasty. A. marking B. having been marked C. marked D. to be marked A11. She stood by the window, ____. A. thinking B. think C. thought D. thinks A12. ____ to meet anybody, he went in from the back door. A. Not wishing B. Wishing C. Not wished D. No wishing C13.The editorial ____ now will appear in tomorrow's newspaper. A. writing B. to write C. being written D. write B14. It ____ now pretty late, we took our things and retired to our room. A. is B. being C. turned D. got A15. ____ with the size of the whole earth, the highest mountain does not seem high at all. A. When compared B. While comparing C. Compare D. Comparing B16. The old man came upstairs with great strength, his right hand ____ a stick for support. A. held B. holding C. being holding D. was holding C17. ____ three times in a row, the boxer decide to give up fighting. A. Having defeated B. To have defeated C. Having been defeated D. To have been defeated A18. ____neglecting our education, my father sent me to school. A. Accused of B. Accusing of C. To be accused of D. That he was accused of D19. ____ mainly for the invention of the telephone, Alexander Graham Bell devoted his life to helping the deaf. A. He is remembered B. While being remembered C. To be remembered D. Though remembered A20. ____ that they are fresh from university, the young people have done a good job. A. Given B. Because C. Giving D. As D21. ____ on a clear day, far from the city crowds, the mountains give him a sense of infinite peace. A. If walking B. While walking C. Walking D. When one is walking D22. I understood you were third-year students ____ in English. A. who majors B. who major is C. have majored D. majoring A23. A cool rain was falling, ____ with snow. A. mixed B. mixing C. to mix D. having mixed A24. ____ by the police, the kidnappers had no choice but to surrender. A. Surrounded B. Surrounding C .having surrounded D. To be surrounded C25.____ equal educational opportunities, American Indians in the reservations remained backward and illiterate for a long time.
马原期末考试复习资料总结
马原期末复习资料总结 绪论 什么是马克思主义？ 三个角度：a、从它的创造者、继承者的认识成果讲，马克思主义是由马克思恩格斯创立的， 而由其后各个时代、各个民族的马克思主义者不断丰富和发展的观点和学说 的体系。 b、从它的阶级属性讲，马克思主义是无产阶级争取自身解放和整个人类解放的 科学理论，是关于无产阶级斗争性的性质、目的和解放条件的学说。 c、从它的研究对象和主要内容来讲，马克思主义是由一系列的基本理论，基本 观点和基本方法构成的科学体系，它是一个完整的整体。 马克思主义哲学、马克思主义政治经济学和科学社会主义，是马克思主义理论体 系不可分割的三个主要组成部分。 马克思主义的理论来源 马克思主义的理论来源：德国古典哲学（黑格尔、费尔巴哈）、英国古典政治经济学（亚当斯密、大卫李嘉图）、英、法空想社会主义（圣西门、傅立叶、欧文）。分别对应马克思主义哲学、马克思主义政治经济学、科学社会主义。 马克思主义最根本的世界观和方法论 辩证唯物主义与历史唯物主义是马克思主义最根本的世界观和方法论。首先，辩证唯物主义与历史唯物主义是马克思主义最根本的世界观和方法论。其次，辩证唯物主义与历史唯物主义也是马克思主义理论科学体系的哲学基础。 马克思主义最鲜明的政治立场：马克思主义政党的一切理论和奋斗都应该致力于实现以劳动人民为主体的最广大劳动人民的根本利益。 马克思主义最重要的理论品质：坚持一切从实际出发，理论联系实际，实事求是，在实践中检验和发展真理。 马克思主义最崇高的社会理想：实现物质财富极大丰富、人民精神境界极大提高、每个人自由而全面发展的共产主义社会。 第一章 思维和存在的关系问题是哲学的基本问题。物质是世界的本原。 意识是物质世界长期发展的产物，是自然界长期发展的产物，是社会历史的产物。意识形成经历的三个阶段：及一切物质所具有的反映特性到低等生物的刺激感应性，再到高等动物的感觉和心理，最终发展为人类意识。 实践活动的诸要素：实践的主体（人）、实践的对象（客体）和实践的手段（工具等）。实践具有客观性、 能动性和社会历史性等基本特征。 实践的基本形式：物质生产劳动实践、处理社会关系的实践和科学实验 实践是人的存在的特有方式：一实践是人所独有的活动二实践是人的自觉能动的集中体现三实践是人的现实社会关系的基础 社会生活的实践本质：第一，实践是社会关系形成的基础；第二，实践形成了社会生活的基本领域；第三，实践构成了社会发展的动力。 事物的普遍联系：首先，联系具有普遍性多样性；其次，联系具有客观性条件性；最后，联系具有系统性。 发展、新事物、旧事物：发展是前进的、上升的运动，发展的实质是新事物的产生和旧事物的灭亡。新事物是指合乎历史前进方向、具有远大前途的东西。旧事物是指丧失历史必然性、日趋灭亡的东西。 世界的运动和发展：运动是物质的本质属性和存在方式。一方面，物质是运动着的物质，物质不能离开运动而存在另一方面，运动时物质的运动，物质是运动的主体。 必然性和偶然性的辩证统一关系： 一，偶然之中有必然，偶然性是必然性的表现形式和补充 二，必然性存在于偶然性之中，没有离开偶然性的纯粹必然性 三，必然性和偶然性在一定条件下回相互转化 对立统一规律是事物发展的根本规律，是唯物辩证法体系的实质和核心的原因：
大学英语精读2复习提纲上课讲义
(Units 1-5) 1.If you love plants,the chances are you buy them on ____and then wonder where to put them. A. purpose B. Impulse C . display D . Cue 2.if you have to go through a smoke-filled area, you’d better ____with your head low . A. crawl B. retreat C . proceed D . Drag 3.Mother_____my brother to keep his voice down but he ignored her . A. remarked B. motioned C . shrugged D . Impressed 4.If doing one thing gives you an unpleasant feeling , the normal reaction would be to stop doing it . 5.Among these articles, which do you think are most likely to interest our students? 6.Long after even the latest apple tree had finally broken into leaf, the mulberry’s branches remained stubbornly bare . 7.These schools come under the supervision of locally appointed committees. 8.We should see ourselves as part of nature rather than in conflict with it . 9.These rows of small trees growing close together create living walls for shelter and privacy in the garden. 10.Don’t hesitate to let me know if there’s anything I can do for . 11.During the nine months before her baby is born ,her face is one perpetual (永恒的) smile . 12.Traditional Chinese food is far superior (较高的；优越的) to McDonald’s and KFC or any fast