第16讲考试题型专讲专练四：阅读理解(3)(一)

第四篇

This is not a diet (减肥食谱) or a hard ~exercise program. Nobody can stick to those for long. Instead, it's a simple way to make weight loss a natural part of the life you already live. And guess what? It's fun! You don't have to give up the foods you love or do regular exercises. It's about balancing calories(平衡卡路里) in tiny ways that add up to big benefits (好处). You just use some tricks the "naturally thin" people do. Pick the ones you like, stick with them, and you'll lose weight and be strong!

Talk it UP. Every time you pick up the phone, stand up and walk around. Heavy people sit on average two and h half hours more every day than thin people, according to a study.

Get face time. We use e-mail so much that we've forgotten what our colleagues look like. Pick a colleague or two who sit farthest from you: and deliver 10 of those daily messages in person. And go out of your way: go to a bathroom or a copy machine on another floor and take the stairs, of course.

Think about your drink. Consider beer or wine instead of a frozen drink. A glass of regular beer has 140 calories and a serving of wine has 126 calories, while a strawberry daiquiri has about 300 and a margarita 340. Reduce a total of 100 calories each day and you'll be able to lose about 10 pounds in a year. This is really not difficult to do.

4. What is mainly talked about in the passage?

A. How to do exercises daily.

B. How to lose weight easily.

C. How to work comfortably.

D: How to eat and drink regularly.

答案：B

解析：了解文章的结构和主题，再对四个选项进行排除。

第五篇

Among the few scientists who have had a great effect on science and history, Albert Einstein is perhaps the greatest. An American university president once commented that Einstein had created a new view of the universe. His theory has completely changed the way

scientists understand time and space, Now, more and more people agree that the universe is something complicated than what they have ever thought before.

Einstein was born in Germany in 1879. By 1914, young Einstein, internationally famous, became a professor at an institute in Berlin. He had few duties, little teaching and unlimited opportunities for study. However, his peaceful life was soon broken by the First World War.

Einstein hated violence. He was deeply affected by the war; he sat unhappily in his office doing little and lost interest in his research. Only when peace came in 1918 was he able to get back to work.

In the years following the First World War, people showered honors upon him. He became the head of the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute of Theoretical Physics. In 1921 he won the Nobel Prize for Physics and was greatly honored and respected in Germany. However, his life was again disrupted. The Second World War broke out and Einstein had to move to the US, where he lived until his death in 1955.

5. The first paragraph is mainly about ____.

A. the secret of the universe

B. Einstein’s great influence

C. an American college president

D. the difficulty of Einstein’s theory

答案：B

解析：找出关键词，用排除法和逻辑推理。

4.词意判断题专讲专练：

第一篇

In 2000, with little but a bar and a church left to make it a destination, tiny St. James, Nebraska, was taken off state highway maps. Then the church closed, and the small farm village in the state's northeast corner looked set to just disappear. Thanks to five devoted women, it didn't.

In May 2001, after meeting with staff from the Center for Rural Affairs, the friends--Louise Guy, Vicky Koch, Jeanette Pinkelman, Mary Rose Pinkelman and Violet

Pinkelman--opened a weekend market for vendors (小商贩) to sell handcrafts and local food.

"We felt like, what can we do to bring the community together?" says Mary Rose Pinkelman. "We decided to make a place to sell local goods.” They set up shop in the church school, which, though closed for nearly 40 years, had been well maintained. The first weekend, 16 vendors took over an old classroom. The result was an instant hit. Today, the market draws up t0 70 vendors--who sell such items as homemade jellies, baked goods, hand-woven rugs, and farm-grown produce--and what Pinkelman calls an unexpected number of visitors. In the process, the market has made St. James a destination again, putting it back on the state road map.

1. What does the underlined phrase "an instant hit" (Paragraph 3) mean?

A. A fast blow.

B. A sudden beat.

C. A big strike.

D. A quick success.

答案：D

解析：在文章中找出词组出现的部分，通过和对上下文进行逻辑推理和使用排除法得出答案。

第二篇

Joseph Lemasolai wrote a book about his life. His people, The Maasai, are nomads, meaning they do not stay in one place for long. They move their villages in search of good grass and fresh water for their cattle. 39“The cow is the centerpiece of pretty much everything we do,” Joseph explains. “That’s why we move. We could not be nomads without cattle. You can’t move for nothing- you can’t just walk around!”

When he was very young, 40Joseph spent much of hi s time looking after his family’s cattle, taking them to food and water and watching out for lions. He played on the grassland with his friends.

When Joseph was about six years old, he left his family to attend a boarding school. There, Joseph faced difficulties much like other children do. He was laughed at because he was fat. He got into trouble daily with his teachers.

But Joseph also faced difficulty most children do not. 41“Every time school closed for

vacation, I had to find my way home,” Joseph says.“That was ones of the hardest things: The village might be 5 miles away, or it might be 50. Sometimes I wouldn’t know exactly where my family was. I had to search for them.”

Joseph later attended high school in a city. After graduation, he went to college. Finally, he became a social studies teacher, and now he is teaching seventh graders at a school.

Every summer, Joseph travels back to the grassland to visit his mother, brothers, and friends. 42And he takes a group of students with him to see both the beauty and the difficulty of growing up in the part of the country. “ I like to show them the other side of the coin,” Joseph says.

2. The word “centerpiece” in Paragraph 1 means “________”.

A. the reason of moving

B. the things already done

C. the most important part

D. the animal in the middle

答案：C

解析：了解文章的主题，在相应的段落中用对词法和逻辑推理，再对四个选项进行排除。

第三篇

By the time she got the box open, Nancy was so excited that she could hardly contain herself. Eagerly she removed the cotton surrounding the small object inside the box, and held it up to the light. It glittered and sparkled--- made alive by the bright sunlight pouring through the window.

Nancy turned the object slowly in her hands, first this way and then that way. It continued to sparkle and shine as if it had a light of its own. She cried out in delight. Her diamond engagement ring had been found and returned to her, just as the woman on the phone had promised.

For two weeks, Nancy almost collapsed after losing the ring on the subway. She had placed ads in the newspapers and on the radio, offering a reward for the return of the ring. And, she had almost given up hope when the phone call came.

A kind, elderly female voice informed her that she had found the ring between seat cushions.

She had called, she said, to make sure of the e exact address and had promised to return the ring by insured mail the next day. And then she had added sweetly: “There’s no need to send a reward either. I lost my engagement ring once when I was young, and some kind, unknown person returned it to me the next day. I feel I’m only paying back an old debt of thanks.”

Nancy had thanked the finder profusely and asked her name, but the other woman had said that it wasn’t important. And, now, here was the ring once again in her hand. She put it back on her finger and breathed a huge sigh of relief.

3. The word “object” in the first and second paragraphs refers to the _____

A. box

B. ring

C. cotton

D. sunlight

答案：B

解析：在相应的段落中用对词法和逻辑推理。

第四篇

Nancy Bright and her husband John had been working overtime and saving for a long time so that they could pay the advance for Nancy’s dream house. Today was the day that they had enough money in hand to make a down payment on the house. But the real estate （房地产） agent informed them that she had received another offer for the house. Although the other offer was slightly less than that of Nancy and John’s, that person with the new offer was willing to pay the whole amount at once .The owner, in urgent need of money, wanted to accept the second offer.

Nancy and John looked at each other with disappointed looks. They walked back home feeling very low about having lost the house. Soon they recovered and involved themselves into their daily lives, though once in a while Nancy would sink into a mild depression over losing the house.

One day Nancy woke up in the morning feeling even lower than usual. She kept feeling sick, even lost interest in her routine coffee. She pull all these symptoms down to the stress of

working hard and losing her dream house. A week passed and she seemed to get worse. John was worried and insisted on taking her to the doctor. The doctor, after taking a few tests, informed them with a huge smile that Nancy was two months pregnant! John and Nancy were overjoyed but also worried about not having their own house before the baby was born.

One evening Nancy wandered into the street where her dream house was, and as she passed by it, she was surprised to see that there were notices stuck on all the house. On closer examination she found that the notices were for all the residents to move out of the house as they were building a highway and the whole row of the houses needed to be pulled down. Nancy suddenly realized that not getting her dream house had been a blessing in disguise. She thanked God and decided to be happy with the blessings she had and started looking forward to the birth of her child.

4. What does the phrase “a blessing in disguise” in the last paragraph mean?

A.A good luck

B.A dirty trick

C.A secret wish

D.A false alarm

答案：A

解析：找出文章的核心，再看结尾段，用排除法对四个选项进行排除。

第五篇

Advice on Public speaking

Building confidence （信心）

Faith in yourself, you topic and your healthy mind is a must if you are to be a better public speaker. Many speakers are not prepared and lose confidence because of that. But others lack confidence because they are afraid of being judged---and possibly made fun of ---just like they were in high school speech class. Build your confidence by using all your tools and knowing that you are excellent.

Knowing what’s up

You have to know your topic inside and out. Nothing kills your speech like “um” and

“uh” in ever y sentence. Research your subject to the point where you are an expert. And that’s half the battle.

Practicing

Researching and knowing your topic is one thing, but actually delivering that information is another. Practicing your speech in advance is a must. You will find your beats and your direction, through hours in front of the mirror practicing. So when you climb up on stage, it will be like riding a bike, unless you don’t know how to ride a bike.

Dressing properly

You will want to dress properly for the occasion （场合）---which could be a suit or simply a Jacket. Make sure it also has the comfort you need. If the clothes are not comfortable, you may not pay full attention to your speech.

Making connections

Make a personal connection with someone in the audience （听众）.

It might be someone you know that you can call out to, or someone in the front row you can speak directly to. Maybe your speech leads you to ask them a question, which is an easy way for you to take yourself from the stage and place yourself as one of your audience. It also takes the pressure off.

5. What does “that’s half the battle” mean in the text?

A. You have already won the battle

B. You are getting on the way to final success

C. You need experts to guide you in public speaking

D. You should write sentences without “um” and “uh”

答案：B

解析：在文章中找出词组出现的部分，通过和对上下文进行逻辑推理和使用排除法得出答案。

初中英语阅读理解-7选5专项练习(有答案)

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专四阅读理解

4) For a long time, researchers have tried to nail down just what shapes us--or what, at least, shapes us most. And over the years, they've had a lot of exclamation moments. First it was our parents, particularly our mothers. Then it was our genes. Next it was our peers, who show up last but hold great sway. And all those ideas were good ones--but only as far as they went. Somewhere, there was a sort of temperamental dark matter exerting an invisible gravitational pull of its own. More and more, scientists are concluding that this unexplained force is our siblings. From the time we are born, our brothers and sisters are our collaborators and co-conspirators, our role models and cautionary tales. They are our scolds, protectors, goads, tormentors, playmates, counselors, sources of envy, objects of pride. They teach us how to resolve conflicts and how not to; how to conduct friendships and when to walk away from them. Sisters teach brothers about the mysteries of girls; brothers teach sisters about the puzzle of boys. Our spouses arrive comparatively late in our lives; our parents eventually leave us. Our siblings may be the only people we'll ever know who truly qualify as partners for life. "Siblings," says family sociologist Katherine Conger, "are with us for the whole journey." Within the scientific community, siblings have not been wholly ignored, but research has been limited mostly to discussions of birth order．Older sibs were said to be strivers；younger ones rebels；middle kids the lost souls．The stereotypes were broad，if not entirely untrue，and there the discussion mostly ended． But all that’s changin9．At research centers in the U．S．，Canada，Europe and elsewhere，investigators are launching a wealth of new studies into the sibling dynamic，looking at ways brothers and sisters steer one another int0—or away from--risky behavior how they form a protective buffer(减震器)against family upheaval；how they educate one another about the opposite sex；how all siblings compete for family recognition and come to terms--or blows--over such impossibly charged issues as parental favoritism． From that research，scientists are gaining intriguing insights into the people we become as adults．Does the manager who runs a harmonious office call on the peacemaking skills learned in the family playroom? Does the student struggling with a professor who plays favorites summon up the coping skills acquired from dealing with a sister who was Daddy’s girl? Do husbands and wives benefit from the inter—gender negotiations they waged when their most important partners were their sisters and brothers? All that is under investigation．“Siblings have just been o ff the radar screen until now，”says Conger．But today serious work is revealing exactly how our brothers and sisters influence us．1．The beginning of the passage indicates that A．researchers have found out what shapes us．B．our peer is the last factor influencing us． C．what researchers found contributes in a limited way． D．what researchers found is good and trustworthy．2．In the third paragraph, the author tries to demonstrate that our siblings A．offer us much useful information． B．have great influences on us． C．are the ones who love us completely． D．accompany us throughout our life． 3．In scientific community, previous research on siblings A．mostly focused on the sibling order． B．studied the characteristics of the kids． C．studied the matter in a broad sense． D．wasn’t believable and the discussion ended． 4．Which of the following is NOT sibling dynamic? A．A brother cautions his sister against getting into trouble． B．Sisters have quarrels with each other． C．Siblings compete for parental favoritism． D．Older kids in a family try hard to achieve． 5．From the last paragraph，we can conclude that A．managers learned management skills from the family playroom． B．spouses learned negotiation skills from their siblings． C．studies on siblings are under the way。 D．studies on siblings need thorough investigation． 5) What comes to mind when you hear the word--diversity? Issues of race or gender may spring to mind．Equal rights? Or minority issues? I encourage people to look at a much wider definition of the word．1 would tend to say diversity is “differentness” in any form．A good example of this kind of diversity has been experienced by every person who ever left behind the comforts of home and moved into uncharted territory．Issues of diversity are informed not only by your cultural background and context，but also by your religion，age，field of work，family situation，personality，and countless other factors that make us unique．Diversity affects everyone．