翻译课堂补充练习

1.To speak of American literature,then,is not to assert that it is completely unlike that of Europe.Broadly speaking,America and Europe have kept steps.At any given moment the traveller could find examples in both of the same architecture,the same styles in dress,the same books on the shelves.

2.He is looking at a country which in important senses grew out of his own,which in several ways still resembles his own----and which is yet a foreign country.

3.The greatest legacy of the babyboom generation’s early childhood has been that it asked all the right questions but resolved nothing.

4.Harry Porter books have spent the past years quite comfortably on bestseller lists nationwide.

5.Nothing gave the Nixons more delight than to be praised by their host for their skill in using chopsticks.

6.The hush-hush chitchat between backbenchers is gradually being replaced by whispered phone conversations and SMS chats.

7.The success and prestige of a statesman is fully proved when he is praised by his host for immersing himself into the culture of the country he is visiting.

8.Today’s dream experts agree with Sigmund Freud,who believed that dreams were the subconscious way of communicating with us and that getting to know our dreams was a way to learn about ourselves.

9.Father’s Day,contrary to popular misconception,was not established as a holiday in order to help greeting card manufacturers sell more cards.

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/c613368965.html,pulsive shopping typically occurs in a continuing vicious cycle.It’s usually set off by depression or some other emotional distress such as boredom, disappointment,anger or fear.When these emotions come,they set off an impulse for crazy shopping which gives a sense of relief.When they reach a depressed state, they’re extremely susceptible to advertising and will buy anything that they will make them more attractive,powerful or secure.Following the purchase,however,there is a letdown usually followed by guilty over the wasted money or increasing debt.This guilt and stress lead to another round of depression,which begins the compulsive shopping cycle all over again.

11.Most people,when they are left free to fill their own time according to their own choice,are at a loss to think of anything sufficiently pleasant to be worth doing.And whatever they decide on,they are troubled by the feeling that something else would have been pleasanter.To be able to fill leisure intelligently is the last product of civilization,and at present very few people have reached this level.Moreover the exercise of choice is in itself tiresome.Except to people with unusual initiative it is positively agreeable to be told what to do at each hour of the day,provided the orders are not too unpleasant.Most of the idle rich suffer unspeakable boredom as the price of their freedom from drudgery.At times they may find relief by hunting big game in Africa,or by flying round the world,but the number of such sensations is limited, especially after youth is past.Accordingly the more intelligent rich men work nearly as hard as if they were poor,while rich women for the most part keep themselves busy with innumerable trifles of whose earthshaking importance they are firmly persuaded.

12.①在人际关系问题上我们不要太浪漫主义。②人是很有趣的，往往在接触一

个人时首先看到的都是他或她的优点。③这一点颇像是在餐馆里用餐的经验。④开始吃头盘或冷碟的时候，印象很好。⑤吃头两个主菜时，也是赞不绝口。⑥愈吃愈趋于冷静，吃完了这顿宴席，缺点就都找出来了。⑦于是转喜为怒，转赞美为责备挑剔，转首肯为摇头。⑧这是因为，第一，开始吃的时候你正处于饥饿状态，而饿了吃糠甜加蜜，饱了吃蜜也不甜。⑨第二，你初到一个餐馆，开始举筷时有新鲜感，新盖的茅房三天香，这也可以叫做“陌生化效应”吧。

考研英语英译汉测试题

Text1

1.But the big question facing the solar industry is whether it has the potential to cut costs enough to compete with electricity generated by power stations.

2.The many different forms of renewable energy will not enter the mainstream without substantially more support for research and development,better incentives and further developed markets where the environmental and social costs are included in the price of energy.

3.Renewable energy might be a good idea in the long term and is a showy way for politicians to prove that they are doing something,but it is already too late to expect it to play a significant role.

4.If the true environmental and health costs of fossil fuels were internalized,their price would rise steeply and renewables would become immediately competitive.

5.Also much of the cost advantage of fossil fuels is due to the large direct and indirect subsidies they enjoy.

Text2

1.When something tastes really good,it is primarily activation of the system of sense of smell which helps us detect the qualities we regard as positive.

2.A unique odor can trigger distinct memories from our childhood or from emotional moments---positive or negative---later in life.

3.Because most scents are mixtures of smells,they“play”on a range of smell sensory cells,allowing humans to distinguish and remember a huge range of fragrance.

4.Although this work is not directly related to any major human diseases,it has opened new windows on the way the brain interprets the world around us and how this affects behavior.

5.Smell is different from the other senses in that the sensory cells are continually dying and being replaced by new cells that have to be wired up correctly in the brain. Text3

1.Losing a job is considered one of the five most stressful life changes you can experience.Those who have been there say it feels like being robbed of your identity and is as painful as the loss of a loved one.

2.Whether you were expecting the cut or were shocked by the news,these emotions can leave you feeling paralyzed and unsure of what to do next.

3.For example,your spouse may insist on keeping close watch on your job search process or your children,feeling the tension,may start behaving badly at school.

4.Reaching a place of acceptance doesn’t have to mean you agree with the company’

s action---just that you’ve decided to move on with your life.

5.It may be hard to believe at first,but you can ultimately use this experience to your advantage---to find another job;strengthen your relationship with your family;and to make some much-needed changes in your life.

Text4

1.For over four centuries,the classic wooden pencil has defied out-of-datedness---a feat that generations of laptops and palm devices cannot match.

2.Even in the outcome of the great technology failure,worldwide output of basic black-lead pencils has continued to grow and now reaches an estimated15billion a year.

3.We always are asked how the pencil justifies itself when there are such fashionable products like digital pens and palms.

4.In fact,the plain yellow No.2pencil has become a rallying point for an anti-technology movement by a growing number of device-weary writers,thinkers, architects and musicians.

5....,urges the declaration of the Lead Pencil Club,a group that has turned its collective back on a computer-crazed world that they complain has degraded the written word and replaced too many sensory experiences with virtual-reality substitutes.

Text5

1.Whether they will venture south of the Thames after dark is unclear,but the makers of a British designed“Jetpod”taxi,which they hope to introduce to cities, insist it will take you to your destination by the shortest route.

2.If it all sounds a little too much like a futuristic fantasy,doubters are being told it will become reality if investors can be found to move it on to the next stage of development.

3.The invention will raise the anger of anti-noise campaigners already battling against increased air traffic and soaring road use.

4.We know that cities like Moscow,Tokyo and New York are crying out for something like this,and there’s nothing remotely like it around.

5.A system of the projecting part that directs part of the thrust down through the wings further reduces noise,and provides the aircraft’s short take-off and landing capability.

课堂句子翻译练习

课堂句子翻译练习 1. 他们都认为他成功的可能性很小。 They all believed that he had a slim chance of success. 2. 我不知道她为何总带有一种闷闷不乐的神情。 I don’t know why she has an air of sadness all the time. 3. 得到所有同学都就做后，学生会主席才开始宣布野营的日程安排。 It was after all the students had taken their seats that the president of the student’s union proceeded to announce the camping itinerary. 4. 胃是人体至关紧要的器官，请善待之。 The stomach is a vital organ of the human body; please take good care of it. 5. 他认为总经理如此重视那些日常琐事是荒唐的。 He considered it ridiculous for the general manager to attach so much importance to those routine trifles. 6. 她的研究涉及到多种语言和文化，富有挑战性。 Her study, which ranged/covered/touched over many languages and cultures, was full of challenge. 7. 根据安排，全体工作人员依次值晚班。 As is scheduled all the members of the staff take turns to do late duty. 8. 想到要远离父母独立生活，她深感不安。 She was greatly upset at the thought of leaving her parents, and living on her own in a remote area. 9. 对于她是否胜任这项工作，我们不甚担心，我们所担忧的却是她的健康状况。 We do not worry so much about her qualifications for the job as about her health. 10; 想到要做一次环球旅行，他为之激动不已。 He was greatly excited about the prospect of having a cruise around the world. 11. 我还没有讲完她便打断了我，道出了一番不得不说的话。 She broke in with what she had to say before I had finsihed speaking. 12. 我们之间对人生所持的不同看法丝毫没有影响我们的友谊、 Our different views of life made no difference at all to our friendship.

大学英语四级新题型模拟训练(翻译)

大学英语四级新题型模拟训练（翻译） 1. A lot of people nowadays have muscular problems in the neck, the shoulders and the back ____________________________(主要是由于工作中的压力和紧张造成的). 2. More than 3 million children have health insurance now, and ___________________________ (超过250万的家庭已经摆脱贫困). 3. _____________________________________________ (除主席之外的所有董事会成员都投票赞成我的建议)to set up a branch office in the suburbs. 4. The emergence of e-commerce and the fast-growing Internet economy are ________________ (为中国的国内外贸易提供了新的增长机遇). 5. The population of elderly people is increasing rapidly because people are living longer than before._________________________________(发达国家尤为如此). 1. mainly due to stress and tension in their work 2. more than two and a half million families have been lifted out of poverty 3. All the board members except the Chairman voted for my proposal 4. providing new growth opportunities for China's foreign and domestic trade 5. This is especially true of developed countries 【

基本功练习之雅思写作英汉互译答案

基本功练习之雅思写作英汉互译答案 （一） 1. Many people believe that the biggest disadvantage of technology is that it may give rise to some unimaginative negative influences. 2. The fact that computers deprive people of their imagination and creativity makes me believe that they are a curse rather than a blessing. 3. It goes without saying that the eye-catching development of the Internet makes many people believe that it is cure-all solution. However, it is not always the case. 4. It cannot be denied that museums can play an educational role for the simple reason that they provide the public with a good opportunity to study their countries’ history and tradition. 5. Many people fail to take into account the vital fact that the diversity of languages will enhance the cultural development and that is why so many languages are on a verge of extinction. 6. Nothing has received more praise and abuse than TV. 7. There is no doubt that the relationship between family members is not as close as it used to be. 8. The reason why advertisements are so prevailing is that they are informative. 9. So prevailing is the Internet that nobody can avoid being influenced by it. 10. It is conceivable that students taking part-time jobs can cultivate their independence and team-work spirit.

《科技英语翻译》课程练习三

《科技英语翻译》课程练习三答案 一、词义选择 二、词义引申 1. 具体化引申 1) High-speed grinding does not know this disadvantage. 译文：高速磨削不存在此不足。 2) The casting takes both the size and the shape of mould. 译文：铸件的体积和形状随铸型而异。 3) Alloy belongs to a half-way house between mixtures and compounds. 译文：合金是介于混合物和化合物之间的一种中间结构。 4) This new crucible furnace is a fuel-efficient model. 译文：这种新型坩锅炉是节油型锅炉。 5) This shows that a vacuum, which is the absence of matter, cannot transmit sound. 译文：这表明真空，即没有空气的状态下，不能传播声音。 6) The bridge was so well built that it lasted for a hundred years. 译文：这座桥建造非常牢固，已使用了百年。 2. 抽象化引申 1) They reach their programmed positions within a few seconds of each other and detonate. Anything nearby is a goner. 译文：导弹相继以几秒之差到达程序制导目标引爆。附近的一切顷刻覆灭。(原文中的goner，本义是“无可挽救的人(或物)”，意义很具体，但如果按照这种直译则文理不通，因此基于goner的内涵及联想意义，作抽象化引申为“顷刻覆灭”。) 2) The major contributors in component technology have been in the semi — conductors. 译文：元件技术中起主要作用的是半导体元件。(contributors一词本义指“贡献者”，表示具体的人，如直接翻译为“主要贡献者”则不符合汉语的语言习惯，因此将该词作抽象化引申，译为“起主要作用”。) 3) These gases trap the sun’s heat whereas sulphur dioxide cools the atmosphere. 译文：这些气体留住了阳光中的热量，而二氧化硫使空气冷却。(从该词与句中宾语的逻辑匹配关系看，若直译为“设陷阱捕捉”，显然文句不顺。因此，抽象化引申为“留住”。)

新英语四级翻译模拟训练附答案(20)

最牛英语口语培训模式：躺在家里练口语，全程外教一对一，三个月畅谈无阻！ 洛基英语，免费体验全部在线一对一课程：https://www.wendangku.net/doc/c613368965.html,/ielts/xd.html（报名网址） 1: The truck driver is __________________________________(对这起交通事故负全责). 2:In the court, the defendant ____________________________(声称自己是清白的). 3:Unemployed, John ________________________________(几乎无法维持生计). 4:________________________________(中国政府声明任何情况下都不首先) use nuclear weapons. 5:___________________________(要想他人尊重你),you should learn to respect them first. 答案： 1: The truck driver is _ responsible for the transportation accident. _( 对这起交通事故负全责). 2:In the court, the defendant _ claims himself innocent _( 声称自己是清白的). 3:Unemployed, John _ nearly couldn’t live on himself _( 几乎无法维持生计). 4:_ Chinese Government declares that under no circumstance will China _( 中国政府声明任何情况下都不首先) use nuclear weapons. 5:_ If you want to be respected by others _( 要想他人尊重你),you should learn to respect them first. 1.The club __________ （采用一套新的制度）concerning its membership. 2.My parents are ________ （不同意）our picnic plan. 3.The swimmer caught in the whirlpool__________ （挣扎着避免溺水. ） 4.The carpet was __________ （固定在地板上）with tacks. 5. （ 2 天了都没有走出沙漠，又没有水喝）__________his thirst was unquenchable. 答案： 1.dopted a new set of rules 2.averse to 3.struggled to keep from drowning 4.fastened to the floor 5.Having been in the desert without water for two days 1. （只要看一眼这封信）____________ ，will convince you that you have been taken in. 2. Please don’t stand in the kitchen, you’re________________ （挡路了）. 3. ________ （如果暴露在空气中）, iron will react with the oxygen of the air. 4. ________ （对听到的事情感到震惊）, he placed both his hands on his mouth. 5. We’d better struggle for the future ________ （而不是为过去而懊悔）. 答案：

题库——英汉互译

题型四英汉互译 学生学习与生活类 Passage 1 1. 现如今许多学生对上网十分感兴趣。 But it has the good sides and the Bad ones. Generally, we can see the following good sides. First it’s quick for kids to get lots of information they need. 2. They can also open their eyes by making use of the Internet. Besides, they can make a lot of friends on the Internet. But the bad sides are also clear. 3. It is easy for kids to fall in love with computer games and it’s hard for them to stop. That is a waste of time and money, 4. 并且这对他们的学习也有害。To make matters worse, a lot of kids get cheated on the Internet. However , I believe that the good sides are over the bad ones, so I would not give up the Internet. But I will never spend more than one hour on the Internet. 5. In this way， it will not have a bad influence on my life and study. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 【主旨大意】本文是一篇议论文。讲述了学生上网的两面性：有利的是可以更快地获取知识、提高学习成绩与结交很多朋友；不利的是很容易沉迷于网络游戏、影响学习及上当受骗。 many students are very interested in surfing the Internet.【解析】对……感兴趣be interested in...；上网surf the Internet。 2.他们也可以通过使用网络来开拓他们的视野。【解析】open eyes开拓视野；

常用时态课堂翻译练习

A. Simple Present (一般现在时) Sb. + do/does + Sth. 1. 我每天都学习 2. Jim每天都打篮球 3. 我早上八点上班 4. Lucy每天晚上八点回家 B. Simple Past（一般过去时） Sb. + 动词过去式(did) + Sth. 1. 我昨天晚上在家学习 2. Mike上周去了上海 3. Jim昨天给Lucy写了封邮件 Write an e-mail to Lucy C. Simple Future（一般将来时） Sb. + be动词 + going to do Sth. /Sb. + will + do Sth. 1.我明天再学习 2.我明天要去上海 3.Mike明天会和我一起吃饭

D. Present Progressive（现在进行时） Sb. + doing + Sth. 1.我正在学英语 2.Lucy正在看书呢 E. Past Progressive（过去进行时） Sb. + was/were + doing + Sth. 1.昨天你来的时候，我正在吃饭 2.昨天，你吃饭的时候，Mike正在看书 F. Future Progressive（将来进行时） Sb. + will + be + doing + Sth. 1.明天你来的时候我应该在学习 2.你明天去上海的时候Lucy应该在上课 G. Present Perfect（现在完成时） Sb.+ have/has + 动词过去分词（done）+ Sth. 1.我已经学完了第一单元 2.Mike已经做完家庭作业了 3.我已经告诉过Lucy这个消息了

2017考研英语翻译模拟练习题(2)

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5年级英汉互译专项练习

五年级英汉互译专项训练 姓名 1.墙上有一面镜子。There is a _______on the wall. 2.天空上的白云真漂亮。 The white ___________in the sky are beautiful. 3.我家前面有一条小道。There is a ____________in front of my house. 4.过来看看我的新窗帘吧。 Come and look at my new _______________. 5.我经常和爸爸下棋。I often play ____________with my father. 6.There is a nature park in our city. 在我们的城市里有一个________________。 7.She is helpful at home.她在家是__________________________。 8.There are some nuts on the desk.Please help yourself. 桌子上有一些坚果，请___________。 9.She can help her mum put away the clothes. 她能帮助妈妈_____________________。 10.P lease empty the trash.请______________________。 11.河上有座桥。There is a __________over the river. 12.森林里有许多树。There are many ____________in the forest. 13.她在浇花。She is watering the ___________. 14.公园里有湖吗？Is there a ___________in the park? 15.我会拖地。I can sweep the __________.

高二课堂翻译练习

学习必备欢迎下载 高二英语翻译练习（1）1.面对证据，他不得不承认偷了那些珠宝。(admit doing) 2. 老实说，我宁愿你没把消息告诉她。（would rather） 3. 公众把失败归咎于当地政府。（blame … on …） 4. 看到他的发型时我忍不住笑了。（can’t help doing） 5. 战争结束时，军队遭受了巨大的损失。（suffer）

学习必备欢迎下载 高二英语翻译练习（2） 1. 不要对别人对你的看法太敏感。（sensitive） 2. 很快，那个官员就发现有人在监视他。（before long, spy on） 3. 不管他的缺点，他的父母还是以他为傲。（regardless of, be proud of） 4. 每次她与丈夫争辩，她都以哭收场。（argue, end up） 5. 明年六月开始建造的公寓是为穷困家庭准备的。（be intended for） Keys to translation 1: 1.in face of the fact, the young man had to admit having stolen the jewels. 2.to be honest, I’d rather you hadn’t told her the news. 3.the public blamed the failure on the local government. 4.I can’t help laughing when I saw his haircut. 5.when the war ended, the army suffered huge losses.

综英翻译课后练习翻译

BOOK2 1.我不喜欢上火车站给人送行。(see…off) I don’t like to see people off at the railway station. 2.公司星期一晚上为你举办告别晚会，七点半有车到旅馆来接你。(pick up) The company is giving a farewell party for you on Monday evening. A car will pick you up at your hotel at half past seven. 3.她太激动了，情不自禁地热烈拥抱我。（give…an embrace） She was so excited that she couldn’t help giving me a warm embrace. 4. 我从未摆脱局外人的感觉。（out of place） I never succeed in overcoming the sense of being out of place. 5. 她环视房间，想看看谁在那儿。（glance） She glanced round the room to see who was there. 6. 他的大鞋子看起来像只小船。（look like） His big shoes look like small boats. 7. 你应该把鸡蛋搅进面粉，而不是反过来做。（fold into） You should fold the eggs into the flour instead of doing it in the opposite way. 1.他认为他们之间的婚姻只不过是个交易而已。(no more than) He thinks that the marriage between them is no more than a business deal. 2.他把身上的钱花了个精光。(use up) He used up all the money he had. 3.这位年轻人从水里把你女儿救了出来。(save …from) The young man saved your daughter from drowning. 4.她是在无处可去，于是就呆在家里看看旧书。(nowhere to) She had absolutely nowhere to go, so she read some old books at home. 5.“我能成为像杰夫（Geoff）那样的好球员吗？”“也许可能，不过离那一天还早着呢。”(a long way to go) “Will I ever be as good a player as Geoff?” “Perhaps, but you still have a long way to go before that day comes.” 6.他那份工作看样子干不长了。(in danger of) He is in danger of losing his job. 7.工厂雇佣童工的情况在许多国家已绝迹了。(die out) The practice of employing children to work in factories has nearly died out in many countries. 1.天开始下雨，她走向附近的一个避雨所。(make for) It started raining, so she made for the nearest shelter. 2.她挑了一顶帽子，正好配她的衣服。(pick out) She picked out a cap to match her dress. 3. 我等了一个小时，可还是没见他的人影。(show up) I waited for an hour, but he didn’t show up. 4. 他们觉得还是呆在原地好。(figure)

福师2014春《英汉互译》课程练习题解析

福师2014春《英汉互译》课程练习题解析 一、句子翻译: （一）、英译汉 1. Vehicles steering in the conventional manner lacked the rapid response, short turning radius, and ease of handling. 解析：本题考点是车辆相关知识的翻译。 传统的车辆转向构件反应迟钝、转弯半径大,操作不便 2. Each patient is an individual with different needs, depending on his or her special illness or condition. 解析：本题考点是车辆相关知识的翻译。 根据他或她各自的不同疾病或情况,每个病人都是有不同需要的个体。 3. A sketch serves to express one’s idea graphically. 解析：本题考点是车辆相关知识的翻译。 草图的作用就是把人们的想法用图表示出来。.. 4.Distance learning is a formal educational process that breaks the traditional mode of classroom teaching. 解析：本题考点是下定义句子的翻译。 远程学习是一种突破了传统的教室教学模式的正规的教育方法..

5.If you confer a benefit, never remember it, if you receive one, remember it always. 解析：本题考点是if条件句的翻译。 施恩勿记,受恩勿忘。 6.Mr.Lin was and still is my teacher. 解析：本题考点是系动词+表语结构的翻译。 林先生过去是现在仍然是我的教师。 7.I had never thought I’d be happy to find myself considered unimportant. But this time I was. 解析：本题考点是宾语从句的翻译。 我从来没有认为自己被认为是无关紧要的是件很高兴的事情。但这一次我是。 8. It has been a long time since man began to make use of information. 解析：本题考点是现在完成时的翻译。 人开始利用信息已经很久了 9. There are two key differences between traditional education and distance learning. Distance learning adds flexibility and availability, regardless of time, place, or pace of learning. 解析：本题考点是there be句型的翻译。

翻译课前练习

2010级本科： 嘿嘿，下个学期《英汉互译》就由我来上了，哈哈，作为英语专业考研的传统的三大方向之一：翻译、文学、语言学，到现在的翻译硕士的研究生考试，我感到非常的“得瑟”，哈哈，只怕你们是“哆嗦”，你又是学英语专业的，难道能不会翻译，所以翻译课的重要性不言而喻。 课前作业就在后面，希望大家还是抓紧时间记点单词，以迎接翻译课的学习，以及迎接全国口译大赛（湖南赛区）的比赛。 提前预祝大家新春快乐！ 知名不具

翻译课前练习 英译汉 We embarked by ship on our journey in the halcyon days of the winter solstice. “It is the most auspicious time for new beginnings,” I told Ed. I had bought some beautiful earrings made of blue-green kingfisher feathers, and I told Ed about the charming superstition taught me by an Old China Hand sea captain: The halcyon days were the fourteen days at the time of the winter solstice when the sea was unnaturally calm, so that the halcyon, or kingfisher, could brood on its nest floating in the ocean. All nature, sun and sea, obeyed the halcyon bird in its breeding season. The world stood still on halcyon days. It was a time for the birth of Christ and for Joshua to pretend to command the sun and for King Canute to command the waves. It was time for the Word to go forth upon the living waters, a time to create new worlds. It was a time for sailors to forswear their profane oaths. It was a time for an odyssey under the Southern Cross following in the wake of Magellan. It would always be the time for the big events in my life, though I never planned it that way. I did not like living death or darkness. I struggled towards the light at the winter solstice. On that halcyon journey, those two young people were unafraid. They were claiming kinship with all of nature in all hemispheres, with all people in all countries, with all minds in all kinds of books. For reading on the ship we took G. B. Shaw’s The Intelligent Women’s Guide to Socialism and Capitalism, and H. G. Well’s Outline of History as well as his 1932 book, The Work, Wealth, and Happiness of Mankind. Americans had not as yet started to think, but we carried along George Dorsey’s Why We Behave Like Human Beings, which I showed to the British pukka sahib Resident in Borneo with one word inserted: Why Don’t We… We had both read Spengler’s The Decline of the West-- I had read it in the States. In a cursory way we had studied the Age of Empire-- that of Japan in Taiwan, of the British in Borneo, Hong Kong, and the China treaty ports, of the Dutch in the Celebes, Java, and Bali, of the Portuguese in Macao. 汉译英 一个人的语言与其在社会中的身份其实密不可分。记得我在澳大利亚生活时，一位邻居要竞选议员，他便每天早上起来练习发音，以令自己的讲话让人听起来悦耳、有身份。 的确，语言是一个人社会身份的标志，特别是在多民族、多元文化的社会里。所谓“身份”，也是一种知识结构，表明你来自那个社会群体的文化背景、知识程度甚至地理位置等。 语言会影响对于相应文化的认知。例如，有人调查发现，对于讲双语的中国人，在用中文问到其关于文化观念等问题时，他们的回答显然比用英文问他们此类问题时显示出更多的中国人的做派。有意思的是，当讲广东话的港澳人被用普通话问到关于中国的文化、信仰等问题时，他们的回答往往比听到用广东话问到此类问题时的回答更接近西方人的表达方式。 其实，对于学习外语的华人来讲，大部分的还不是真正意义上的所谓“双语人”，而是“双语使用者”；后者是在语言与表达层次，而前者则是思维与生活习性。但是，这个过程并不是静止的，而是可以转换的。 所以，语言学习者所学习的实际上是一种社会关系，一种他所理解的跨越时空所形成的关系。因而，他所面对的不仅仅是语言学的，而更是多重、变换着的社会身份问题。