英版《潮汐表》概况
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英版《潮汐表》（Admiralty Tide Table , ATT ）共四卷。书号为NP201, NP202,
NP203,NP204, 每年出版，包括世界各主要港口的潮汐预报。各卷范围为：
第一卷：英国和爱尔兰（包括欧洲水道各港）〔UNITED KINDOM AND
IRELAND(includingEuropean Channel Ports )〕；
第二卷：欧洲（不包括英国和爱尔兰）、地中海和大西洋[EUROPE ( excluding United Kingdom and Ireland ), MEDITERRANEAN SEA AND ATLANTIC OCEAN ]；
第三卷：印度洋和南中国海（包括潮流表）[INDIAN OCEAN AND SOUTH CHINA SEA (including Tidal Stream Tables )]；
第四卷：太平洋（包括潮流表）[PACIFIC OCEAN ( INCLUDING Tidal Stream Tables )]。各卷英版《潮汐表》所包括的海区界限，可查看英版《潮汐表》内英版潮汐表界限图。2、各卷主要内容
各卷主要由三部分组成：
⑴第一部分：主港潮汐预报（Part ⅠTidal Predictions For Standard ports ）。
预报主港每日高、低潮潮时和潮高，潮高单位为米。各港潮时均采用当地标准时，并在每页的左上角用“TIME ZONE XXXX”注明。
⑵第二部分：用以预报附港潮汐的潮时差和潮高差（Part ⅡTime and height differences for prediction the tide at secondary ports）。表中列出主港（用黑体字印刷）和附港编号（No.）、潮时差（Time differences）、潮高差（height differences），每两页的右下页还印有平均海面季节改正（seasonal changes in mean level），表后有注意事项(NOTES)。
⑶第三部分：调和常数（Part ⅢHarmonic constants ）。
这部分提供了编号、地点、平均海面、四个主要分潮的调和常数等。
3、其他内容
⑴索引：
①主港索引（Index to standard ports）：
印于各卷最前页，按港名字母顺序排列，给出主港预报资料所在页数；港名前注有“*”号者，表示该港预报资料也刊载于另一卷《潮汐表》之中。
②地理索引（Geographical index ）：
印在各卷书末，按主、附港名字母顺序排列，其中主港名用黑体字印刷，给出其每日潮汐预报资料所在页数及该港编号;如系附港，则给出编号，以便于用此编号在第二部分中查出该附港的有关资料。
⑵辅助用表（Supplementary tables）：
⑶改正资料：
各卷《潮汐表》自付印之后的补遗和勘误等改正资料，均发布于《航海通告年度摘要》的第一号通告中。该通告为“英版潮汐表的补遗和勘误”，并且亦应注意附在《潮汐表》中的《勘误表》。
1.how often is the admiralty tide talbes published?
Once a year.
2.how many volumes are there in admiralty tide tables ?
4 volumes.
3.how many parts are divided in each volume ?
each volume is divided into three parts.
4.what is part1 about ? how about part 2 and part 3 ?
in part 1,it gives daily predictions of the times and heights of high and low water.
In part 2, it predict daily time and height differeces for scondary ports.
In part 3.list the harmonic constants for ports.
5.how are the additions and corrections known to people ?
the additions and corrections to admiralty tide tables are published in annual summary of admiralty notices to mariners.
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英语国家概况 名词解释 1. The civil rights movement (1955–1968) refers to the reform movements in the United States aimed at abolishing racial discrimination against African Americans and restoring suffrage in Southern states. 2. A federal system A federal system is one in which power is shared between a central authority and its constituent parts with some rights reserved to each. 3. King Arthur It is said that he was the King of England in the 5th century and united the British and drove the Saxons back with his magical sword, Excalibur. His real existence is in doubt. He is the central figure of many legends. 4. The Anglo-Saxons They were two groups of Germanic peoples who settled down in England from the 5th century. They were regarded as the ancestors of the English and the founders of England. 5. Riverdance Riverdance is a very popular form of dancing based on I reland’s intricate folk dances which are rearranged and modernized and adapted onto current stage performance. Dancing is traditionally part of Irish culture. It is usually accompanied by the Irish pipe and fiddle. The music usually sounds fast and furious. Most of the action is from the waist down, with the arms held rigidly at the sides. 6. The House of Commons The House of Commons is the real centre of British political life because it is the place where about 650 elected representatives (Members of Parliament) make and debate policy. These MPs are elected in the General Elections and should represent the interests of people who vote for them. 7. The Commonwealth It is a voluntary association of states which is made up of Britain and mostly of former British colonies. There are 54 members of the Commonwealth including one currently suspended member: many of these are developing countries like India and Cyprus; others are developed nations like Australia, Canada and New Zealand. The Commonwealth was set up as a forum for continued cooperation and as a sort of support network. 8. Maoritanga Maoritanga means ―Maori culture‖. It refers to all the elements of the rich cultural heritage of the indigenous people in New Zealand, including their language, customs and traditions. 9. The “Washminster” form polity The ―Washminster‖form of polity is adopted by the Australian government. It is a mixture of the US Washington system of government and the British Westminster system. This means that the political
英语国家概况各单元知识点汇总'
《英语国家概况》 一、课程性质、目的和要求 （一）课程性质 随着社会的进步和科技的高速发展，中外各种交流越来越密切，了解和掌握一些英语国家的文化传统也显得极为重要。英语国家概况是面向英语专业三年一期学生开设的专业必修课程。《英语国家概况》是介绍英语国家社会与文化背景的教科书，旨在帮助英语专业学生和英语自学者了解这些国家的社会与文化概貌，如地理，历史，政治，经济，社会生活和文化传统方面的基本知识。 （二）课程目的 该课程旨在提高英语水平为目的。该课程可以通过课文的学习和各种练习的实践，在教学过程中实行语言教学与文化知识课紧密相结合，以学生为中心，帮助学生能够理解课文，掌握英语，吸取知识，适当的补充对重大事件和人物的历史背景，典故，以提高学生的学习兴趣。课后可以适当布置一些思考题，指导学生进行有效的自学，拓宽他们的知识面。 （三）课程要求 该课程要求学生对英语国家的社会文化背景有一定的了解，能够对中西方社会和文化的差异有一定的理解和认识，正确看待中西方社会文化差异性与多元性。二、教学重点和难点 （一）教学重点 英国部分：英国历史、英国的经济制度和政策、英国的政治制度和政府机构、英国的福利制度。 美国部分：美国地理区域划分及人口结构、美国历史、美国经济特点、美国政治制度中的三权分立。 （二）教学难点 英国部分：英国的经济制度和政策、英国的政治制度和政府机构、英国的福利制度。 美国部分：美国地理区域划分及人口结构、美国经济特点、美国政治制度中的三权分立。
三、教学内容 第一章英国 第一课：英国的国土和人民 教学内容：英国的地理特征，四部分的山水河流，气候状况，英国的各个民族。这一部分主要从整体对大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国作一个综述。了解英国不同名称的含义，英国的地理特征、河流和湖泊、气候的特点以及影响气候的因素，了解英国的民族构成、人口结构及其特点；了解英国的语言构成及阶级状况。 第二课：英国历史 教学内容：英国的起源（1066年诺曼征服之前的历史，即英国早期遭受的三次外族入侵）：诺曼王朝，金雀花王朝，兰开斯特王朝，约克王朝，都铎王朝，斯图亚特王朝，克伦威尔时期的共和国，复辟时期，光荣革命，工业革命，宪章运动，英帝国的殖民扩张，一战及二战中的英国，战后到八十年代末的英国。 第三课：英国的经济制度和政策 教学内容：了解第二次世界大战后英国经济地位衰落的原因，经济发展的三个阶段的特点以及英国工业、农业等发展的概况。二战后，英国的经济政策经历了一系列的调节。从五六十年代的稳步发展，七十年代的经济衰退，到八十年代的撒切尔夫人的经济政策，英国从战前的日不落帝国变成一个二流强国。英国的工业，农业，外贸政策也将予以详细的说明。 第四课：英国的政治制度和政府机构 教学内容：英国君主立宪政体，由上院与下院组成的英国议会，英国的政党制度，中央政府机构以及地方政府机构。英国君主立宪制的构成，运行，英国的政党制度，行政机构等将在这一章予以详细介绍。 第五课：英国的社会福利制度 教学内容：英国社会的医疗保健制度、社会保障、宗教和节假日的概况。英国是一个福利国家，这一章介绍英国国民保健制度，和各种社会保险。 第六课：英国的社会文化 教学内容：介绍英国的社会文化；了解英国的教育制度、传播媒介、体育、艺术的概况。介绍英国的宗教信仰，节日庆典，文化教育，广播媒体，体育，文艺及娱乐活动。 第二章美国