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计算机专业英语复习

计算机专业英语复习
计算机专业英语复习

Chapter 1

1. Raw, un processed facts, in cludi ng text, nu mbers, images, and soun ds.

a. data

2. Perform specific tasks related to managing computer resources.

h. utilities

3. Type of application programs that are more narrowly focused on specific discipli nes and

occupati ons.

f. specialized

4. Also known as servers. b. midrange computers

5. The most widely used handheld computers are smartphones and __ .

d. PDAs

6. Type of memory that is sometimes referred to as temporary storage because its contents

will typically be lost if the electrical power to the computer is disrupted. e. RAM

7. The most importa nt kinds of sec on dary media are hard disks, solid-state

storage, and ___ . c. optical disks

8. The type of solid-state drive widely used for transporting data and in formati on betwee n

computers and a variety of specialty devices.

g. USB

9. Type of file created by electronic spreadsheets to analyze things like budgets and to

predict sales.

i. worksheet

10. Provides a multimedia in terface to the nu merous resources available on the In ternet.

j. Web

Book

1. Con sists of the step-by-step in structi ons that tell the computer how to do its work.

f. program

2. Ano ther n ame for a program.

g. software

3. En ables the applicati on software to in teract with the computer hardware.

i. system software

4. Type of computer that is small eno ugh to fit on top of or alon gside a desk yet

is too big to carry around.

a. desktop

5. A container that houses most of the electronic components that make up a computer system.

j. system unit

6. Devices that tran slate the processed in formatio n from the computer into a form that huma ns can un dersta nd.

d. output

7. Un like hard disks, this type of storage does not have any moving parts, is more reliable,

and requires less power.

h. solid-state

8. The most widely used com muni cati on device.

b. modem

9. A type of a file that might contain, for example, audie nee han douts, speaker no tes, and electr onic slides.

e. prese ntati on

10. A com muni cati ons system conn ect ing two or more computers.

c. n etwork

Multiple Choice

1. The rules or guidelines for people to follow when using software are called:

Procedures programs

Rules utilities

2. The part of almost all of today ' s computer systems that uses the Internet and allows users to greatly expa nd the capability and usefu In ess of their in formati on systems.

Conn ectivity hardware

USB Web

3. Specialized programs that are desig ned to allow particular in put or output devices to

com muni cate with the rest of the computer system are known as:

basic programs device drivers

hi defs tablets

4. The least powerful, yet the most widely used and fastest-grow ing type of computer is the:

Main frame microcomputer

Midra nge supercomputer

5. The n ewest type of computer that is smaller and lighter tha n a no tebook and typically does not

have a keyboard but uses a touch sen sitive scree n for in put.

Netbook no tebook

Tablet server

6. Devices of this type tran slate data and programs that huma ns can un dersta nd into a form that the computer can process.

In put output

solid state tablet

7. The type of sec on dary storage device that uses rigid metallic platters to store programs and very large data files.

8. Three types of optical discs are CDs, DVDs, and:

Flash

hi def Magn etic RAM

10. Type of computi ng that uses the Internet and the Web to shift many computer activities from a user ' s computer to computers on the Internet.

Cloud

browser In ternet Web

Book

1. The keyboard, mouse, mon itor, and system un it are:

Hardware

output devices storage devices software

2. Programs that coord in ate computer resources, provide an in terface, and run applicati ons are known as: applicati on programs

operating systems

storage systems

utility programs

3. A browser is an example of a:

gen eral purpose applicati on

specialized program

system applicatio n

utility program

4. Although not as powerful as a supercomputer, this type of computer is capable of great process ing speeds and data storage.

Main frame

midra nge Notebook tablet 9. The revoluti on tech no logy.

that will dramatically affect the way we com muni cate and use computer

Wireless

tablet PC USB Web

hard disk

solid state

optical disk Web

5. The smallest type of microcomputer:

han dheld

no tebook

midra nge

tablet

6. RAM is a type of:

Computer memory

Network sec on dary storage

7. Un like memory, this type of storage holds data and programs even after electrical power to the computer

system has bee n turned off.

primary

RAM

ROM

sec on dary

8. The type of file created by word processors to save, for example, memos, term papers, and letters.

database

docume nt

prese ntati on

worksheet

9. Uses the Internet and the Web t o shift many computer activities from a user computers on the Intern

s computer to et.

cloud comput ing

high defi niti on

n etwork

USB

10. The largest n etwork in the world is [the]:

Facbeook

Internet

Web

USB

Chapter 2

Matchi ng

1. This project laun ched the Intern et.

a. ARPANET

2. Programs that provide access to Web resources.

b. browsers

3. The browser in terprets the HTML in struct ions and displays .

i. Web pages

4. Web based e-mail acco unts do not require an e-mail program to be in stalled on your _ .

e. computer

5. The billi ons of unwan ted and un solicited e-mail.

h. spam

6. Photos, lists of pers onal in terests, con tact in formati on, and other pers onal in formati on displayed on Facebook.

g. profiles

7. Web site desig ned to allow visitors to fill in missi ng in formatio n or correct in accuracies.

j. wiki

8. Evaluate the accuracy of in formati on on the Web by con sideri ng authority, accuracy, objectivity

and _____ .

f. curre ncy

9. Clie nts, the Intern et, and service providers are basic comp onents of this type of comput ing.

d. cloud

10. Type of electr onic commerce that in volves the sale of a product or service from one bus in ess to ano ther.

c. B2B

Book

1. The most popular Internet activity.

a. com muni cat ing

2. The most com mon way to access the Internet is through a(n).

e. ISP

3. Tran smissi on of electro nic messages over the In ternet.

c. e-mail

4. Type of in sta nt messagi ng service that supports a variety of differe nt IM services.

i. uni versal

5. The premier bus in ess-orie nted social n etwork ing site.

f. Li nkedIn

6. Ano ther n ame for a blog.

j. Web log

7. Publishes short sentences that only take a few sec onds to write.

g. microblog

8. Maintain huge databases relati ng to in formati on provided on the Web and the Intern et.

h. search services

9. Electronic commerce involving individuals selling to individuals.

b. C2C

10. The basic components of cloud computing are clients, service providers, and the __ .

d. Internet

Multiple Choice

1. The Web was introduced in 1991 in Switzerland at the:

APIX CERN

Internet Spider

2. These programs use a URL to connect to Web sites.

Browsers spam

Protocols utilities

3. A type of com muni cati on that allows two or more people to con tact each other via direct, live com muni catio n.

e-mail

IM

social n etwork ing

Webmail

4. The most widely used social n etwork ing site:

CERN

Li nkedl n

Twitter

Facebook

5. To evaluate the accuracy of information you find on the Web, you should consider the sites authority, accuracy, objectivity, and:

curre ncy

objectivity

source

locati on

6. The type of electro nic commerce in which a bus in ess sells a product to the gen eral public.

B2B

B2C

C2C

P2B

7. This type of computing frees users from owning, maintaining, and storing software and data: n etwork cloud desktop Web

8. These programs are automatically started and operate as a part of your browser. filters

FTP plug-i ns spiders

9. FTP Web-based, and BitTorre nt are types of:

file tran sfer

protocols

spam blockers

wikis

10. This type of suite can be used to maintain your security and privacy while you are on the

Web:

browser security

filter

plug-in

Internet security

Book

1. The n etwork that conn ects computers all over the world.

CERN

Internet

LAN

Web

2. The rules for excha nging data betwee n computers.

DSL

protocols

Web

WWW

3. Clie nt-based e-mail acco unts require this special program to be in stalled on your computer. e-mail clie nt hyperl ink

Java

utility

4. Commun ities of in dividuals who share a com mon in terest typically create Facebook:

clie nts

groups

pages

profiles

5. E-mail that does not require an e-mail program in stalled on a user's computer is known as:

a blog

a podcast

Webmail

a utility

6. A very well-k nown microblog.

Li nkedl n

Google+

Twitter

Wikipedia

7. These programs continually look for new information and update search services database programs. filters

IM

spiders

wikis

8. Using a keyword, a search engine retur ns a list of related sites known as:

blogs

hits

podcasts

strikes

9. This is the Internet ' s equivale nt to traditi onal cash.

digital cash

e-commerce

iCash

Internet dollars

10. Using file transfer utility software, you can copy files to your computer from specially con figured servers on the Intern et. This is called:

dow nl oad ing

filteri ng

bloggi ng

uploadi ng

Chapter 3

Matchi ng

1. Application software can be divided into two categories: basic and __ .

h. mobile apps

2. This GUI uses a system of ribbons, tabs, and galleries.

a. ribb on

3. This applicati on can be used to an alyze sales trends and also evaluate and graph stock market tren ds.

g. spreadsheet

4. A feature of most word processors that en ables users to quickly apply predefi ned formatt ing characteristics to text.

i. styles

5. A specialized graphics program for edit ing or modify ing digital photographs.

e. image editor

6. Bitmap images are also referred to as ____ i mages.

f. raster

7. A program that sets up or structures a database.

b. DBMS

8. Illustrati on programs are used to create and edit ____ i mages.

j. vector

9. Graphics that typically appear as black and white boxes that automatically link mobile devices

to a variety of differe nt content in clud ing games, text, videos, and web sites.

c. QR codes

10. A collect ion of separate applicati on programs bun dled together and made available as a group.

d. software suite

Book

1. Toolbars typically appear below the menu bar and in clude small graphic eleme nts called ___ .

a. butt ons

2. Simplifies the process of making a selection from a list of alternatives by graphically displaying the effect of alter natives before being selected.

d. galleries

3. A gen eral purpose program that creates text-based docume nts.

j. word processor

4. Program that orga ni zes, an alyzes, and graphs nu meric data.

g. spreadsheet

5. A collect ion of related data.

c. database

6. Also known as a photo editor, this specialized graphics program edits or modifies digital photographs.

e. image editor

7. The overall site desig n for a Web site is com monly represe nted in a graphical site _ .

f. map

8. A Web site that provides access to specific mobile apps is known as an app ___ .

h. store

9. A type of suite that is stored at a server on the Internet and is available any where you can access the Intern et.

b. cloud

10. A type of specialized suite that includes a variety of programs designed to make computing easier and safer.

i. utility

Multiple Choice

1. The portion of the applicati on that allows you to con trol and to in teract with the program.

dialog box

gallery

user in terface

wi ndow

2. The type of gui that uses tabs to orga nize groups of related items.

character

gallery

ribb on

traditi onal

3. This application software organizes, analyzes, and graphs numeric data.

spreadsheet

word processor

database

prese ntati on graphics

4. A collect ion of related data equivale nt to an electr onic file cab in et:

database

spreadsheet

word processor

prese ntati on graphics

5. These programs allow you to mix text and graphics to create publications of professional quality focus ing on page desig n and layout.

image editors

prese ntati on graphics

workbooks

desktop publish ing

6. These readers allow mobile devices to use their digital cameras to sca n quick resp onse codes.

mobile readers

camera sca nners

RC sca nners

QR code readers

7. A Web site that provides access to specific mobile apps is called a(n):

mobile store

app store

iPhone apps

smartpho ne store

8. A collect ion of separate applicati on programs bun dled together and available as a group is a:

in tegrated package

software suite

app suite

office apps

9. One downside of using a __________ is that you are dependent on the server providing the

applicati on to be available whe never you n eed it.

cloud suite

office suite

utility program

Win dows program

10. Google Docs, Zoho, and Microsoft Office Web Apps are examples of:

basic applicati ons

cloud suites

utility suites

specialized applicatio ns

Book

1. This type of software works with end users, applicati on software, and computer hardware to han dle the majority of tech ni cal details.

applicatio n gen eral purpose system utility

2. A recta ngular area that can contain a docume nt, program, or message.

dialog box

form

frame

wi ndow

3. Programs that create text-based docume nts.

DBMS

suites

spreadsheets

word processors

4. Programs that organize, analyze, and graph numeric data such as budgets and financial reports.

DBMS

suites spreadsheets word processors

5. Programs that allow you to mix text and graphics to create publicati ons of professi onal quality.

database desktop publish ing

prese ntati on

productivity

6. The type of image consisting of geometric shapes.

bitmap

raster

ribb on

vector

7. An on li ne diary or comme ntary.

bitmap

blog

HTML

vector

8. Programs that combine a variety of visual objects to create attractive, visually interesting prese ntati ons.

DBMS

prese ntati on graphics

spreadsheet

word processor

9. Graphics that typically appear as black and white boxes that automatically link mobile devices to a variety of differe nt content.

QR Codes

bitmaps

raster images

vectors

10. Also known as an on li ne suite.

cloud

in tegrated

office

utility

Chapter 4

Matchi ng

1. Programs that allow particular in put or output devices to com muni cate with the rest of the computer system.

b. device drivers

2. Operati ng systems allow users to in teract with applicati on programs and computer hardware

through a user __ .

e. i nterface

3. This type of in terface uses graphical eleme nts such as icons and win dows.

d. gui

4. In a ribbon gui these divide menus into major activity areas.

h. tabs

5. While there are hun dreds of differe nt operat ing systems, there are only three basic categories:

n etwork, sta nd-al one, and _ .

c. embedded

6. The most recent Mac OS X versio n.

g. Mountain Lion

7. Originally developed by a graduate student at the University of Helsinki, Linus Torvalds, this operati ng system is a popular and powerful alter native to Win dows.

f. Linux

8. Mobile operati ng system for many of Hewlett-Packard's smartph ones and tablet computers.

j. WebOS

9. Utility program that reduces the size of files so they require less storage space and can be sent more efficie ntly over the Intern et.

i. file compressi on

10. Wizard that provides step-by-step guidanee for selecting hardware drivers and installing drivers.

а.add a device

Book

1. Programs that perform specific tasks related to man agi ng computer resources.

h. utilities

2. Restarting a running computer without turning off the power.

j. warm boot

3. Type of operat ing system that con trols and coord in ates n etworked computers.

f. NOS

4. An operati ng system is ofte n referred to as the software environment or _ .

g. platform

5. OS X Lion feature to display and provide direct access to applicati ons.

e. Launchpad

б.A type of software that allows a sin gle physical computer to operate as though it were two or more separate

and in depe ndent computers.

i. virtualizati on

7. Mobile operating system that that is owned by Google and is one of the fastest-growing mobile operat ing systems.

a. An droid

8. Type of program that guards computer systems from viruses and other damagi ng programs.

b. an tivirus

9. If a file cannot be saved on a sin gle track, it has to be __ .

d. fragme nted

10. Program that works with the operating system to allow communication between a device and

the rest of a computer system is called a device ___ .

c. driver

Matchi ng

1. This system software coord in ates computer resources, provides a user in terface, and runs applicati ons. device driver

operati ng system

tran slator

utility

2. Start ing or restart ing a computer is called:

boot ing

alig ning

in itializi ng

startup

3. Type of operati ng system used for han dheld devices such as smartph on es, cable and satellite televisi on tuner boxes, video game systems, and other small electr on ics.

cell

embedded

n etwork

sta nd-al one

4. The operati ng system is ofte n referred to as the software environment or the software:

desktop

server

platform

wi ndow

5. An approach in which a sin gle physical computer can support multiple operat ing systems that operate in depe nden tly.

simulatio n

host ing

multitask ing

virtualizati on

6. An operati ng system released in 2012 with a user in terface very similar to the in terface used with tablets and smartph ones with fun ctio nality similar to Win dows 8.

OS X Moun ta in Lion

OS X Lio n

Linux

Chrome

7. An approach that allows a single computer to run multiple operating systems at the same time.

multitask ing virtualizati on V.R.

Win dows

8. Developed by Apple, based on Mac OS and is used as the platform for the iPh on e, iPod touch, and iPad.

iOS

Blackberry OS

An droid

Win dows Pho ne 8

9. A Win dows utility program that locates and elimi nates unn ecessary fragme nts and rearra nges files and unused disk space to optimize operations.

Backup

Disk Clea nup

Disk Defragme nter

Restore

10. Dangerous programs that can be “ caught in a variety of ways including opening e-mail attachme nts and dow nl oadi ng software from the Intern et.

app spam utility virus

Book

1. What type of software works with users, application software, and computer hardware to han dle the majority of tech ni cal details?

applicatio n desktop Linux system

2. The programs that convert program ming in struct ions written by programmers into a Ian guage that

computers un dersta nd and process are Ian guage:

con verters

lin guists

man agers

tran slators

3. The ability to switch between different applications stored in memory is called:

divers ion

multitask ing

operati onal in terfere nee

program ming

4. Graphic represe ntati ons for a program, type of file, or function:

app

icon

image

software

5. This operat ing system feature is con trolled by a mouse and cha nges shape depe nding on its curre nt function.

dialog box

menu

mouse

poi nter

6. The operating system based on Linux, designed for Netbook computers, and focused on Internet conn ectivity through cloud computi ng:

Chrome

Mac

Un ix

Win dows

7. The mobile operating system developed by Apple and originally called iPhone OS:

An droid

BlackBerry OS

iOS

Mac OS

8. A utility program that makes copies of files to be used in case the originals are lost or damaged:

Backup and Restore

Disk Clea nup

Disk Defragme nter

Compactor

9. A troubleshoot ing utility that ide ntifies and elim in ates non esse ntial files, frees up valuable disk space, and improves system performa nee:

Backup and Restore

Disk Clea nup

Disk Defragme nter

Compactor

10. Win dows makes it easy to update drivers with Win dows:

Backup

Restore

Driver

Update

Chapter 5

Matchi ng

1. Ano ther n ame for a no tebook computer.

e. laptop

2. The smallest computer system un it.

d. han dheld

3. The most widely used character encoding standard that is recognized by virtually every computer system. j. Un icode

4. The ALU performs two types of operati ons: arithmetic and _ .

f. logical

5. A type of chip that allows a single computer to run two or more operations at the same time.

h. multicore

6. Additi onal RAM can be added to a computer system by inserting an expa nsion module called

b. DIMM

7. Type of slot on the system board that allows users to expa nd their systems.

c. expa nsion

8. Three types of expa nsion buses are USB, Firewire, and __ .

i. PCIe

9. Commonly used specialized ports are SATA, HDMI, MiniDP, S/PDIF and _ .

g. MIDI

10. This adapter plugs into a sta ndard wall outlet to convert AC to DC.

a. AC

Book

1. A type of multiprocessor chip that provides two or more separate and in depe ndent CPUs.

c. multicore

2. A type of memory that is volatile or loses its contents whe n power is tur ned off.

e. ran dom access

3. System board component that provides a connection point for specialized cards or circuit boards.

g. slots

4. Plastic cards the size of a regular credit card that have an embedded specialty chip.

h. smart cards

5. A type of memory that improves process ing by acting as a temporary high-speed holdi ng area betwee n the memory and the CPU.

a. cache

6. A type of memory that provides a comb in ati on of features of RAM and ROM.

b. flash

7. A gen eric term that is associated with the ability to attach any device onto a computer and have it play or work immediately.

d. Plug and Play

8. This bus connects the CPU to memory on the system board.

i. system

9. This port can be used to connect many USB devices to the system..

j. USB

10. This un it plugs into a sta ndard wall outlet and con verts AC to DC.

f. slate

Multiple Choice

1. This type of system un it is desig ned to be placed either horiz on tally or vertically.

desktop

no tebook

smartpho ne

tablet pc

2. The binary system con sists of only two digits: 0 or 1, called a:

bit

byte

character nu mber

3. This controls communications for the entire computer system with every component within the system un it connecting to it.

power supply memory expa nsion slot motherboard

4. Chips are moun ted on carrier:

chips circuits packages processors

5. The nu mber of times the CPU can fetch and process data or in struct ions in one sec ond is known as its:

bus

clock speed cycle rate freque ncy rate

6. These chips hold the program (seque nee of in struct ions) and data that process ing.

card

the CPU is prese ntly Flash

RAM

ROM

7. These chips have in formati on stored in them that cannot be cha nged by the user.

card

Flash

RAM

ROM

8. The expa nsion card that is used to conn ect a computer to a n etwork.

con verter

Network in terface

modem

LAN

9. The nu mber of bits that can travel simulta neously dow n a bus is known as the:

bus width

byte path

digital width

slate dista nee

10. A socket for exter nal devices to conn ect to the system un it.

chip

dock

port

slot

aadcb

cdbac

Book

1. This container houses most of the electrical comp onents for a computer system.

carrier package

system board

system un it

Uni code

2. A type of no tebook, this computer specializes in on-the-go Web brows ing and e-mail access.

chassis

desktop

media cen ter

n etbook

3. The main board or motherboard is also known as the:

computer

board processor

mobile system

system board

4. How many bytes can a 32-bit-word computer access at one time?

4

8

16

5. In a microcomputer system, the cen tral process ing un it is contained on a sin gle:

bus

chip

module

RAM

6. This type of memory divides large programs into parts and stores the parts on a sec on dary storage device. direct

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