商业银行管理彼得S.罗斯第八版课后答案chapter_01

CHAPTER 1

AN OVERVIEW OF BANKS AND THE FINANCIAL-SERVICES SECTOR

Goal of This Chapter: In this chapter you will learn about the many roles financial service providers play in the economy today. You will examine how and why the banking industry and the financial services marketplace as a whole is rapidly changing, becoming new and different as we move forward into the future. You will also learn about new and old services offered to the public.

Key Topics in This Chapter

?Powerful Forces Reshaping the Industry

?What is a Bank?

?The Financial System and Competing Financial-Service Institutions

?Old and New Services Offered to the Public

?Key Trends Affecting All Financial-Service Firms

?Appendix: Career Opportunities in Financial Services

Chapter Outline

I. I ntroduction: P owerful Forces Reshaping the Industry

II. W hat Is a Bank?

A. D efined by the Functions It Serves and the Roles It Play:

B. B anks and their Principal Competitors

C. Legal Basis of a Bank

D. D efined by the Government Agency That Insures Its Deposits

III.The Financial System and Competing Financial-Service Institutions

A.Savings Associations

B.Credit Unions

C.Money Market Funds

D.Mutual Funds

E.Hedge Funds

F.Security Brokers and Dealers

G.Investment Bankers

H.Finance Companies

I.Financial Holding Companies

J.Life and Property/Casualty Insurance Companies

IV. T he Services Banks and Many of Their Closest Competitors Offer the Public

A. S ervices Banks Have Offered Throughout History

1.Carrying Out Currency Exchanges

2.Discounting Commercial Notes and Making Business Loans

3.Offering Savings Deposits

4.Safekeeping of Valuables and Certification of Value

5.Supporting Government Activities with Credit

6.Offering Checking Accounts (Demand Deposits)

7.Offering Trust Services

B. S ervices Banks and Many of Their Financial-Service Competitors Have

Offered More Recently

1.Granting Consumer Loans

2.Financial Advising

3.Managing Cash

4.Offering Equipment Leasing

5.Making Venture Capital Loans

6.Selling Insurance Policies

7.Selling Retirement Plans

C. Dealing in Securities: Offering Security Brokerage and Investment Banking Services

1. Offering Security Underwriting

2. Offering Mutual Funds and Annuities

3. Offering Merchant Banking Services

4. Offering Risk Management and Hedging Services

V. Key Trends Affecting All Financial-Service Firms

A. S ervice Proliferation

B. R ising Competition

C. G overnment Deregulation

D. A n Increasingly Interest-Sensitive Mix of Funds

E. T echnological Change and Automation

F. C onsolidation and Geographic Expansion

G. C onvergence

H. G lobalization

VI. T he Plan of This Book

VII. S ummary

Concept Checks

1-1. What is a bank? How does a bank differ from most other financial-service providers?

A bank should be defined by what it does; in this case, banks are generally those financial institutions offering the widest range of financial services. Other financial service providers offer some of the financial services offered by a bank, but not all of them within one institution.

1-2. Under U.S. law what must a corporation do to qualify and be regulated as a commercial bank?

Under U.S. law, commercial banks must offer two essential services to qualify as banks for purposes of regulation and taxation, demand (checkable) deposits and commercial loans. More recently, Congress defined a bank as any institution that could qualify for deposit insurance administered by the FDIC.

1-3.Why are some banks reaching out to become one-stop financial service conglomerates? Is this a good idea in your opinion?

There are two reasons that banks are increasingly becoming one-stop financial service conglomerates. The first reason is the increased competition from other types of financial institution s and the erosion of banks’ traditional service areas. The second reason is the Financial Services Modernization Act which has allowed banks to expand their role to be full service providers.

1-4. Which businesses are banking’s closest and toughest com petitors? What services do they offer that compete directly with banks’ services?

Among a bank’s closest competitors are savings associations, credit unions, money market funds, mutual funds, hedge funds, security brokers and dealers, investment banks, finance companies, financial holding companies, and life and

property-casualty insurance companies. All of these financial service providers are converging and embracing each other’s innovations. The Financial Services Modernization Act has allowed many of these financial service providers to offer the public one-stop shopping for financial services.

1-5. What is happening to banking’s share of the financial mark etplace and why? What kind of banking and financial system do you foresee for the future if present trends continue?

The Financial Services Modernization Act of 1999 allowed many of the banks’ closest competitors to offer a wide array of financial services thereby taking away market share from “traditional” banks. Banks and their closest competitors are converging into one-stop shopping for financial services and this trend should continue in the future

1-6. What different kinds of services do banks offer the public today? What services do their closest competitors offer?

Banks offer the widest range of services of any financial institution. They offer thrift deposits to encourage saving and checkable (demand) deposits to provide a means of payment for purchases of goods and services. They also provide credit through direct loans, by discounting the notes that business customers hold, and by issuing credit guarantees. Additionally, they make loans to consumers for purchases of durable goods, such as automobiles, and for home improvements, etc. Banks also manage the property of customers under trust agreements and manage the cash positions of their business customers. They purchase and lease equipment to customers as an alternative to direct loans. Many banks also assist their customers with buying and selling securities through discount brokerage subsidiaries, the acquisition and sale of foreign currencies, the supplying of venture capital to start new businesses, and the purchase of annuities to supply future funding at retirement or for other long-term projects such as supporting a college education. All of these services are also offered by their closest competitors. Banks and their closest competitors are converging and becoming the financial department stores of the modern era.

1-7. What is a financial department store? A universal bank? Why do you think these institutions have become so important in the modern financial system? Financial department store and universal bank refer to the same concept. A financial department store is an institution where banking, fiduciary, insurance, and security brokerage services are unified under one roof. A bank that offers all these services is normally referred to as a universal bank. These have become important because of convergence and changes in regulations that have allowed financial service providers to offer all services under one roof

1-8. Why do banks and other financial intermediaries exist in modern society, according to the theory of finance?

There are multiple approaches to answering this question. The traditional view of banks as financial intermediaries sees them as simultaneously fulfilling the financial-service needs of savers (surplus-spending units) and borrowers

(deficit-spending units), providing both a supply of credit and a supply of liquid assets. A newer view sees banks as delegated monitors who assess and evaluate borrowers on behalf of their depositors and earn fees for supplying monitoring services. Banks also have been viewed in recent theory as suppliers of liquidity and

transactions services that reduce costs for their customers and, through diversification, reduce risk. Banks are also critical in the payment system for goods and services and have played an increasingly important role as a guarantor and a risk management role for customers.

1-9. How have banking and the financial services market changed in recent years? What powerful forces are shaping financial markets and institutions today? Which of these forces do you think will continue into the future?

Banking is becoming a more volatile industry due, in part, to deregulation which has opened up individual banks to the full force of the financial marketplace. At the same time the number and variety of banking services has increased greatly due to the pressure of intensifying competition from nonbank financial-service providers and changing public demand for more conveniently and reliably provided services. Adding to the intensity of competition, foreign banks have enjoyed success in their efforts to enter countries overseas and attract away profitable domestic business and household accounts.

1-10. Can you explain why many of the forces you named in the answer to the previous question have led to significant problems for the management of banks and other financial firms and their stockholders?

The net result of recent changes in banking and the financial services market has been to put greater pressure upon their earnings, resulting in more volatile returns to stockholders and an increased bank failure rates. Some experts see banks' role and market share shrinking due to restrictive government regulations and intensifying competition. Institutions have also become more innovative in their service offerings and in finding new sources of funding, such as off-balance-sheet transactions. The increased risk faced by institutions today, therefore, has forced managers to more aggressively utilize a wide array of tools and techniques to improve and stabilize their earnings streams and manage the various risks they face. 1-11. What do you think the financial services industry will look like 20 years from now? What are the implications of your projections for its management today? There appears to be a trend toward continuing consolidation and convergence. There are likely to be fewer financial service providers in the future and many of these will be very large and provide a broad range of financial services under one roof. In addition, global expansion will continue and will be critical to the survival of many financial service providers. Management of financial service providers will

have to be more technologically astute and be able to make a more diverse set of decisions including decisions about mergers, acquisitions and global expansion as well as new services to add to the firm.

Problems and Projects

1. You have just been hired as the marketing officer for the new First National Bank of Vincent, a suburban banking institution that will soon be serving a local community of 120,000 people. The town is adjacent to a major metropolitan area with a total population of well over 1 million. Opening day for the newly chartered bank is just two months away, and the president and the board of directors are concerned that the new bank may not be able to attract enough depositors and good-quality loan customers to meet its growth and profit projections. There are 18 other financial-service competitors in town, including two credit unions, three finance companies, four insurance agencies, and two security broker offices. Your task is to recommend the various services the bank should offer initially to build up an adequate customer base. You are asked to do the following:

a.Make a list of all the services the new bank could offer, according to current regulations.

b.List the type of information you will need about the local community to

help you decide which of the possible services are likely to have sufficient

demand to make them profitable.

c.Divide the possible services into two groups--those you think are essential

to customers and should be offered beginning with opening day, and those

that can be offered later as the bank grows.

d. Briefly describe the kind of advertising campaign you would like to run to

help the public see how your bank is different from all the other financial

service providers in the local area. Which services offered by the nonblank

service providers would be of most concern to the new bank’s

management?

Banks can offer, if they choose, a wide variety of financial services today. These services are listed below. However, unless they are affiliated with a larger bank holding company and can offer some of these services through that company, it may be more limited in what it can offer.

Regular Checking Accounts Management Consulting Services NOW Accounts Letters of Credit

Passbook Savings Deposits Business Inventory Loans Certificates of Deposit Asset-Based Commercial Loans Money Market Deposits Discounting of Commercial Paper Automobile Loans Plant and Equipment Loans Retirement Savings Plans Venture Capital Loans

Nonauto Installment Loans to Individuals

Residential Real Estate Loans Leasing Plans for Business Property and Equipment

Home Improvement Loans Security Dealing and Underwriting Personal Trust Management Services Discount Security Brokerage

Commercial Trust Services Institutional Trust Services Foreign Currency Trading and Exchange

Personal Financial Advising Personal Cash-Management Services

Insurance Policy Sales (Mainly Credit-Life)

Insurance Today (Except in Some States)) Standby Credit Guarantees Acceptance Financing

To help the new bank decide which services to offer it would be helpful to gather information about some of the following items in the local community:

School Enrollments and Growth in School Enrollments

Estimated Value of Residential and Commercial Property

Retail Sales

Percentage of Home Ownership Among Residents in the Area

Number and Size (in Sales and Work Force) of Local Business Establishments Major Population Locations (i.e., Major Subdivisions, etc.) and Any Projected Growth Areas

Population Demographics (i.e., Age Distribution of the Area)

Projected Growth Areas of Industries in the Area

Essential services the bank would probably want to offer right from the beginning includes:

Regular Checking Accounts Home Improvement Loans Automobile and other Consumer-type Money Market Deposit Accounts Installment Loans Retirement Savings Plans

NOW Accounts Business Inventory Loans

Passbook Savings Deposits Discounting of High-Quality

Commercial Notes

Residential Real Estate Loans

Certificates of Deposit

As the bank grows, opportunities for the profitable sale of additional services usually increase, especially for trust services for individuals and smaller businesses and personal financial advising as well as some commercial (plant and equipment) loans and leases. Further growth may result in the expansion of commercial trust services as well as a widening variety of commercial loans and credit guarantees.

The bank would want to develop an advertising campaign that sends a message to potential customers that the new bank is, indeed, different from its competitors. Small banks often have the advantage of offering highly personalized services in which their customers are known and recognized and services are tailored to each individual customer's special financial needs. Quality and reliability of banking service are often more important to individual customers than is price. A new bank must try to sell prospective customers, most of who will come from other banks in the area, on personalized services, quality, and reliability - all three of which should be emphasized in its advertising program.

2. Leading money center banks in the United States have accelerated their investment banking activities all over the globe in recent years, purchasing corporate debt securities and stock from their business customers and reselling those securities to investors in the open market. Is this a desirable move by these banking organizations from a profit standpoint? From a risk standpoint? From the public interest point of view? How would you research their question? If you were managing a corporation that had placed large deposits with a bank engaged in such activities, would you be concerned about the risk to your company's funds? What could you do to better safeguard those funds?

In the 1970's and early 1980's investment banking was so profitable that commercial bankers were lured into the investment banking business largely because of its greater profit potential than possessed by more traditional commercial banking activities. Later foreign banks, particularly the British and Japanese banking firms, began to attract away large corporate customers from U.S. banks, who were restrained by regulation from offering many investment banking services. Thus, U.S. banks ran into severe difficulty in simply trying to hold onto their traditional corporate credit and deposit accounts because they could not compete service-wise in the investment banking field. Today, banks are allowed to underwrite securities through either a subsidiary or through a holding company structure. This change occurred as part of the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (Financial Services Modernization Act).

Unfortunately, if investment banking is more profitable than traditional banking product lines, it is also more risky, consistent with the basic tenet of finance that risk and return are directly related. That is why the Federal Reserve Board has placed such strict limits on the type of organization that can offer these services. Currently, the underwriting of most corporate securities must be done through a subsidiary or as a separate part of the holding company so that, in theory at least, the bank is not responsible for any losses incurred. For this reason there may be little reason for depositors (including large corporate depositors) to be concerned about risk exposure from investment banking. Moreover, the ability to offer such services may make U.S. banks more viable in the long run which helps their corporate customers who depend upon them for credit.

On the other hand, opponents of investment banking powers for bank operations inside the U.S. have some reasonable concerns that must be addressed. There are, for example, possible conflicts of interest. Information gathered in the investment banking division could be used to the detriment of customers purchasing other bank services. For example, a customer seeking a loan may be told that he or she must buy securities from the bank's investment banking division in order to receive a loan. Moreover, banks could gain effective control over some nonblank industrial corporations which might subject them to added risk exposure and place industrial firms not allied with banks at a competitive disadvantage. As a result the

Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act has built in some protections to prevent this from happening.

3. The term bank has been applied broadly over the years to include a diverse set of financial-service institutions, which offer different financial service packages.

Identify as many o f the different kinds of “banks” as you can. How do the “banks” you have identified compare to the largest banking group of all – the commercial banks? Why do you think so many different financial firms have been called banks? How might this terminological confusion affect financial-service customers?

The general public tends to classify anything as a bank that offers some sort of financial service, especially deposit and loan services. Other institutions that are often referred to as a bank without being one are savings associations, credit unions, money market funds, mutual funds, hedge funds, security brokers and dealers, investment banks, finance companies, financial holding companies and life and property/casualty insurance companies. All of these institutions offer some of the services that a commercial bank offers, but generally not the entire scope of services. Since providers of financial services are normally called banks by the general public they are able to take away business from traditional banks and it is of utmost importance for commercial banks to clarify their unique position among financial services providers.

4. What advantages can you see to banks affiliating with insurance companies? How might such an affiliation benefit a bank? An insurer? Can you identify any possible disadvantages to such an affiliation? Can you cite any real world examples of bank-insurer affiliations? How well do they appear to have worked out in practice?

Before Glass-Steagall banks used to sell insurance services to their customers on a regular basis. in particular, banks would sell life insurance companies to loan customers to ensure repayment of the loan in case of death or disablement. These reasons still exist today and the right to sell insurances to customers again benefits banks in allowing them to offer their customers complete financial packages from financing the home or car to insure it, from giving investment advice to selling life insurance policies and annuities for retirement planning. Generally, a bank customer who is already purchasing a service from a bank might feel compelled to purchase an insurance product, as well. On the other hand, insurance companies sometimes have a negative image, which makes it more difficult to sell certain insurance products. Combining their products with the trust that people generally have in banks will make it easier for them to sell their products. The most prominent example of a bank-insurer affiliation is the merger of Citicorp and Traveler’s Insurance to Citigroup. However, given that Citigroup has sold Traveler’s Insurance indicates that the anticipated synergy effects did not materialize.

5. Explain the difference between consolidation and convergence. Are these trends in banking and financial services related? Do they influence each other? How? Consolidation refers to increase in the size of financial institutions and the decline in the number of small independently owned banks and financial service providers. Convergence is the bringing together of firms from different industries to create

conglomerate firms offering multiple services. Clearly, these two trends are related. In their effort to compete with each other, banks and their closest competitors have acquired other firms in their industry as well across industries to provide multiple financial services in multiple markets.

6. What is a financial intermediary? What are their key characteristics? Is a bank a type of financial intermediary? Why? What other financial-services companies are financial intermediaries? What important role within the financial system do financial intermediaries play?

A financial intermediary is a business that interacts with deficit spending individuals and institutions and surplus spending individuals and institutions. For that reason any financial service provider (including banks) is considered a financial intermediary. In their function as intermediaries they act as a bridge between the deficit and surplus spending units by offering financial services to the surplus spending individuals and then loaning those funds to the deficit spending individuals. Financial intermediaries accelerate economic growth by increasing the pool of available funds and lowering the risk of investments through diversification.

王重润公司金融学第二版课后答案

第一章 1题：现代企业有几种组织方式？各有什么特点？ （ 1）有两种，有限责任公司和股份有限责任公司 （ 2）有限责任公司特点：有限责任公司是指股东以其出资额为限对公司承担责任，公司以其全部资产对公司的债务承担责任的企业法人；有限责任公司注册资本的最低限额为人民币3万元；其资本并不必分为等额股份，也不公开发行股票，股东持有的公司股票可以再公司内部股东之间自由转让，若向公司以外的人转让，须经过公司股东的同意；公司设立手续简便，而且公司无须向社会公开公司财务状况。 （ 3）股份有限责任公司特点： 1、有限责任 2、永续存在 3、股份有限责任公司的股东人数不得少于法律规定的数目，我国规定设立股份有限公司，应当有2人以上200人以下为发起人 4、股份有限责任公司的全部资本划分为等额的股份，通过向社会公开发行的办法筹集资金，任何人在缴纳了股款之后，都可以成为公司股东，没有资格限制。 5、可转让性 6、易于筹资 2题：为什么我国《公司法》允许存在一人有限责任公司？一人有限责任公司与个人独资企业有何不同？ 答：1.就立法初衷而言，许可自然人投资设立一人有限责任公司的重要考虑是减少实质上的一人公司的设立，简化和明晰股权归属，减少纷争。以往由于我国《公司法》禁止设立一人公司，使得投资人通过各种途径设立或形成的实质上的一人公司大量存在，挂名股东与真实股东之间的投资权益纠纷以及挂名股东与公司债权人之间的债务纠纷不断，令工商行政管理部门和司法机关无所适从。在修订《公司法》的过程中，法律委员会、法制工作委员会会同国务院法制办、工商总局、国资委、人民银行和最高人民法院反复研究认为：从实际情况看，一个股东的出资额占公司资本的绝大多数而其他股东只占象征性的极少数，或者一个股东拉上自己的亲朋好友作挂名股东的有限责任公司，即实质上的一人公司，已是客观存在，也很难禁止。根据我国的实际情况，并研究借鉴国外的通行做法，应当允许一个自然人投资设立有限责任公司。 为了防止一人有限责任公司的滥设和滥用，- 在我国2005 年修订的《公司法》中规定了一系列措施： (1) 规定一人有限责任公司的最低注册资本金为十万元人民币; (2) 限制一个自然人只能设立一个一人有限责任公司; (3) 规定自然人设立的一人有限责任公司应当在公司登记中注明自然人独资，并在公司营业执照中载明; (4) 一人有限责任公司不设股东会，但是，股东作出属于普通有限责任公司股东会职权范围内的决定时，应当采用书面形式，并由股东签字后置备于公司; (5) 规定一人有限责任公司应当在每一会计年度终了时编制财务会计报告，并经会计师事务所审计; (6) 引入了公司人格否认制度，规定一人有限责任公司的股东不能证明公司财产独立于股东自己财产的，应当对公司债务承担连带责任。 2005 年我国修订的《公司法》确认了一人有限责任公司的合法地位。从理论上来说，投资人再没有必要去觅“人头股东”(即挂名股东) 而设立公司。然而，现实中仍大量出现挂名股东纠纷和有关一人有限责任公司的新型股权、债务纠纷，因此，认真研究和进一步完善《公司法》有关一人有限责任公司的设立制度仍是非常必要的。 2. 主体及责任承担不同 （一）投资主体不同

商业银行经营管理试题及答案

中国海洋大学命题专用纸（夜大学/函授）

B卷试题答案 一、A C C B B B D B D C 二、1．核心资本又叫一级资本和产权资本，是指权益资本和公开储备，它是银行资本的构成部分，是金融机构可以永久使用和支配的自有资金，包括普通股、不可收回的优先股、资本盈余、留存盈余、可转换的资本债券、各种补偿准备金。 2．也称问题贷款，即传统贷款分类中的逾期贷款、呆滞贷款、呆账贷款和新五级分类中的次级、可疑、损失类贷款。 3．超额存款准备金是金融机构存放在中央银行、超出法定存款准备金的部分，主要用于支付清算、头寸调拨或作为资产运用的备用资金。 4．利率敏感资金（Rate-sensitive Fund）：也称浮动利率或可变利率资金，指在一定期间内展期或根据协议按市场利率定期重新定价的资产或负债。 三、简答题 1．商业银行的职能是由它的性质所决定的，主要有四个基本职能。 （1）信用中介职能。是商业银行最基本、最能反映其经营活动特征的职能。这一职能的实质，是通过银行的负债业务，把社会上的各种闲散货币集中到银行里来，再通过资产业务，把它投向经济各部门；商业银行是作为货币资本的贷出者与惜入者的中介人或代表，来实现资本的融通、并从吸收资金的成本与发放贷款利息收入、投资收益的差额中，获取利益收入，形成银行利润。（2）支付中介职能。通过存款在帐户上的转移，代理客户支付，在存款的基础上，为客户兑付现款等，成为工商企业、团体和个人的货币保管者、出纳者和支付代理人。以商业银行为中心，形成经济过程中无始无终的支付链条和债权债务关系。（3）信用创造功能。商业银行是能够吸收各种存款的银行，和用其所吸收的各种存款发放贷款，在支票流通和转帐结算的基础上，贷款又转化为存款，在这种存款不提取现金或不完全提现的基础上，就增加了商业银行的资金来源，最后在整个银行体系，形成数倍于原始存款的派生存款。（4）金融服务职能。现代化的社会生活，从多方面给商业银行提出了金融服务的要求。在强烈的业务竞争权力下，各商业银行也不断开拓服务领域，通过金融服务业务的发展，进一步促进资产负债业务的扩大，并把资产负债业务与金融服务结合起来，开拓新的业务领域。在现代经济生活中，金融服务己成为商业银行的重要职能。 2．（1）安全性（2）流动性（3）盈利性。这些目标有是有商业银行经营管理的基本要求决定的，但目标的实现又实现存在一定的矛盾，应是在保证安全性的基础上，争取利润最大化，而解决安全性与盈利性矛盾的最好选择是提高经营的流动性。 3．证券投资避税组合的考虑原则是：在存在证券投资利息收入税赋差距，从而使两种债券出现税前收益和税后收益不一致时，银行应在投资组合中尽量利用税前收益高的应税证券，使其利息收入抵补融资成本，并使剩余资金全部投资于税后收益率最高的减免税证券上，从而提高证券投资盈利水平。 四、论述题 1、第一支柱——最低资本规定 新协议在第一支柱中考虑了信用风险、市场风险和操作风险，并为计量风险提供了几种备选方案。关于信用风险的计量。新协议提出了两种基本方法。第一种是标准法，第二种是内部评级法。内部评级法又分为初级法和高级法。对于风险管理水平较低一些的银行，新协议建议其采用标准法来计量风险，计算银行资本充足率。 2、第二支柱——监管部门的监督检查 委员会认为，监管当局的监督检查是最低资本规定和市场纪律的重要补充。具体包括：（1）监管当局监督检查的四大原则。原则一：银行应具备与其风险状况相适应的评估总量资本的一整套程序，以及维持资本水平的战略。原则二：监管当局应检查和评价银行内部资本充足率的评估情况及其战略，以及银行监测和确保满足监管资本比率的能力。若对最终结果不满足，监管当局应采取适当的监管措施。原则三：监管当局应希望银行的资本高于最低监管资本比率，并应有能力要求银行持有高于最低标准的资本。原则四：监管当局应争取及早干预从而避免银行的资本低于抵御风险所需的最低水平，如果资本得不到保护或恢复，则需迅速采取补救措施。（2）监管当局检查各项最低标准的遵守情况。银行要披露计算信用及操作风险最低资本的内部方法的特点。作为监管当局检查内容之一，监管当局必须确保上述条件自始至终得以满足。（3）监管当局监督检查的其它内容包括监督检查的透明度以及对换银行帐薄利率风险的处理。 3、第三支柱——市场纪律 委员会强调，市场纪律具有强化资本监管，帮助监管当局提高金融体系安全、稳健的潜在作用。新协议在适用范围、资本构成、风险暴露的评估和管理程序以及资本充足率四个领域制定了更为具体的定量及定性的信息披露内容。监管当局应评价银行的披露体系并采取适当的措施。新协议还将披露划分为核心披露与补充披露。

商业银行管理答案

——培根阅读使人充实，会谈使人敏捷，写作使人精确。商业银行管理重点习题答案 P127 5-11 =800 净利息支出-总利息支出==2*总利息支出净利息收入=总利息收入∵总利息收入= $800 总利息支出∴总利息收入= 2*($800) = $1600 非利息支=-0.25*非利息收入-非利息支出非利息支出净非利息收入=∵非利息收入=0.75*=-500 出= $2000 ∴总非利息收入= 0.75*($2000) = $1500 总非利息支出 = .01*($1600) = $16 ∴贷款损失预提∵贷款损失预提=0.01*总利息收入 =0.3*372=111.6 未缴所得税前净收入所得税=0.3* =372-111.6=260.4 所得税未缴所得税前净收入-∵税后净收入= = -股利=260.4-200=60.4 -未分配利润增加额∴股利=税后净收入 P139 6-12 ROE = 0.80*12 = 9.60 % ROE=ROA*股本乘数∵=9.6/0.6=16 ∴股本乘数 6-13 =12/50=24% /股本ROE=净收入=12/15=80% 税前净收入/赋税管理效率=净收入=15/100=15% 运营收入=税前净收入/成本控制效率=100/600=16.67% 资产=运营收入/资产管理效率=600/50=12 股本资产/=资金管理效率 P150 6-4（题目“资产负债表”内数据有误，书中已改） 空格填写： 1.总利息收入=贷款利息与服务费收入+证券利息与股利=50+6=56 2.利息总支出=存款利息支出+非存款借款的利息支出=40+6=46 3.利息净收入=总利息收入-利息总支出=56-46=10 4.非利息总支出=工资和雇员福利+营业费用+其他非利息开支=10+5+2=17 5.税前经营收入=利息净收入-贷款损失准备金+非利息收入和服务费收入-非利息总支出 =10-5+20-17=8 6.税前净经营收入=税前经营收入+证券收益（损失）=8+2=10 7.净运营收入=税前净经营收入-税赋=10-2=8 法拉兹·日·阿卜——学问是异常珍贵的东西，从任何源泉吸收都不可耻。． 阅读使人充实，会谈使人敏捷，写作使人精确。——培根 8.净收入=净运营收入+特别项目净收入=8+（-1）=7

商业银行管理彼得S.罗斯英文原书第8版 英语试题库Chap005

Chapter 5 The Financial Statements of Banks and Their Principal Competitors Fill in the Blank Questions 1. Fed funds purchased is an example of _______________________ along with Eurodollar borrowings. Answer: nondeposit borrowings 2. The short term securities of the bank, including T-Bills and commercial paper, are often called __________________________ because they are the second line of defense to meet demands for cash. Answer: secondary reserves 3. __________________________ is a noncash expense on the bank's income statement which allows the bank to account for future bad loans. Answer: Provision for loan losses 4. __________________________ is the difference between interest income and interest expenses for a financial institution. Answer: Net interest income 5. __________________________ are the primary long term liabilities of the bank. These liabilities are paid only after deposits have been paid in the event of bankruptcy. Answer: Subordinated notes and debentures

公司金融学复习题与答案

第一章财务管理概述 一、简答题 1．金融资产是对未来现金流入量的索取权，其最大特征是能够在市场交易中为其所有者提供即期或远期的货币收入流量，主要包括库存现金、银行存款、应收账款、应收票据、贷款、其他应收款、应收利息、债权投资、股权投资、基金投资、衍生金融资产等。请从以上你所熟悉的金融资产出发，对金融资产的特性作以分析。 2．一般而言，公司产权中有政府、债权人、股东、经营者和其他与公司相关的个体等几大主体。债权人最关注其债权是否能按时地收回本金和利息；股东关心的是自己投入的资产能否保值和增值；经营者关心业绩的增加是否会给自己增加报酬。试说明公司股东、经营者和债权人利益冲突的原因以及如何协调这些矛盾？ 3．经过多年的发展，我国已经逐渐形成了一个由货币市场、债券市场、股票市场、外汇市场、黄金市场和期货市场等构成的，具有交易场所多层次、交易品种多样化和交易机制多元化等特征的金融市场体系。 请简述金融市场的作用。 4．在金融市场上，不同的信息对价格的影响程度不同，从而金融市场效率程度因信息种类不同而异。按市场效率的不同，可以将金融市场分为弱式效率性市场、半强式效率性市场和强式效率性。你认为我国的

金融市场属于哪种类型。 5．市场对股指期货等金融衍生品呼吁已久，自3.27国债期货事件后，我国金融期货工作长期处于研究探讨阶段。新加坡交易所已上市中国股指期货，客观上要求股指期货能尽快推出。目前，我国的金融期货产品推出已进入准备阶段。请从金融市场功能这一角度出发，对股指期货对我国金融市场的作用进行分析。 二、单项选择题 1．影响公司价值的两个基本因素（）。 A.风险和收益 B.时间和利润 C.风险和折现率 D.时间价值和风险价值 2．公司财务关系中最为重要的关系是（）。 A.股东与经营者之间的关系 B.股东与债权人的关系 C.股东，经营者，债权人之间的关系 D.公司与政府部门、社会公众之间的关系 3．公司与政府间的财务关系体现为（）。 A.强制和无偿的分配关系 B.债权债务关系 C.资金结算关系 D.风险收益对等关系 4．股东通常用来协调自己和经营者利益的方法主要是（）。

商业银行经营与管理-商业银行经营与管理考试试题及答案

武汉理工大学教务处 试题标准答案及评分标准用纸 | 课程名称商业银行经营与管理（B 卷） | 一. 单选题（10分＝10Χ1） 装 | 二. 判断题（15分＝15Χ1） | 11.错12.错13.错14.对15.对16.对17.错18.对 | 19.错20.对21.对22.错23.对24.错25.对 | 三.名词解释（30分＝10Χ3） 26.商业银行以追求最大利润为目标，以经营金融资产和负债为对象的特殊的企业。 钉27. 一级准备主要包括库存现金、在央行的存款、同业存款及托收中的现金等项目。 | 28. 资本准备金又可称作资本储备，是指商业银行从留存盈余中专门划出来的，用于应付即将发生的有关股本的重大事件的基金。 | 29. 银行的资本充足性主要指银行资本的数量足以吸收可能发生的意外损失，使银行在遭遇风险损失时不致破产。 | 30. 回购协议也称再回购协议，指的是商业银行在出售证券等金融资产时签订协议，约定在一定期限后按原定价格或约定价格购回所卖证券，以获得即时可用资金；协议期满时，再以即时可用资金作相反交易。 | 31.可转让大额定期存单简称CD，是一种流通性较高且具借款色彩的新型定期存款形式。大额可转让定期存单是商业银行逃避最高利率管制和存款准备金规定的手段，亦是银行对相对市场份额下降所做出的竞争性反应。 | 32.存放同业存款商业银行存放在代理行和相关银行的存款。目的是为了便于银行在同业之间开展代理业务和结算收付。 线33. 银行证券投资银行在其经营活动中，把资金投放在各种长短期不同的证券，以实现资产的收益和保持相应的流动性。 | 34. 贷款指商业银行作为贷款人按照一定的贷款原则和政策，以还本付息为条件，将一定数量的货币资金提供给借款人使用的一种借贷行为。格（即兑现价格）等，投资者到期可以选择转换股票 也可以选择不转换。 | 35.担保贷款银行要求借款人根据规定的担保方式提供贷款担保而发放的贷款。 四. 简答题（25分） 36．商业银行的经营原则有哪些（6分） 答：商业银行在其经营管理过程中应遵循“安全性、流动性、盈利性”三原则： （1）安全性原则是指商业银行应努力避免各种不确定因素对它的影响，保证商业银 行的稳健经营和发展。（2分） （2）流动性是指商业银行能够随时满足客户提现和必要的贷款需求的支付能力，包 括资产的流动性和负债的流动性两重含义。

商业银行经营管理答案

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商业银行管理彼得S.罗斯英文原书第8版 英语试题库Chap010

Chapter 10 The Investment Function in Banking and Financial-Services Management Fill in the Blank Questions 1. A(n) _________________________ is a security issued by the federal government which has less than one year to maturity when it is issued. Answer: Treasury bill 2. Debt instruments issued by cities, states and other political entities and which are exempt from federal taxes are collectively known as _________________________ . Answer: municipal securities 3. The investment maturity strategy which calls for the bank to have one half of its investment portfolio in very short term assets and one half of its investment portfolio in long term assets is known as the _________________________ . Answer: barbell strategy 4. A(n) _________________________ is a security where the interest portion of the security is sold separately from the principal portion of the security. Answer: stripped security 5. _________________________ are the way the federal, state and local governments guarantee the safety of their deposits with banks. Answer: Pledging requirements 6. The most aggressive investment maturity strategy calls for the bank to continually shift the maturities of its securities in responses to changes in interest rates and is called the __________________. Answer: rate expectation strategy 7. _________________________ is the risk that the bank will have to sell part of its investment portfolio before their maturity for a capital loss. Answer: Liquidity risk 8. _________________________ is the risk that the economy of the market area they service may take a down turn in the future. Answer: Business risk

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商业银行经营管理试题库

习题 商业银行银行经营管理 商业银行经营管理习题 第一章导论 一、名词解释 商业银行信用中介支付中介格拉斯—斯蒂格尔法分行制持股公司制流动性银行制度 二、填空 1、商业银行是以（）为目标，以（）为经营对象，（）的企业。 2、（）银行的成立，标志着现代商业银行的产生。 3、现代商业银行形成的途径有（）；（）。 4、各国商业银行的发展基本上是循着两种传统：（）和（）。 5、商业银行在现代经济生活中所发挥的功能主要有（）、（）、（）、 （）和（）。 6、股份制商业银行的组织结构包括（）、（）、（）和（）。

7、股份制商业银行的决策系统主要有（）、（）、（）、和（） 构成。 8、股份制商业银行的最高权力机构是（）。 9、股份制商业银行的最高行政长官是（）。 10、商业银行按资本所有权划分可分为（）、（）、（）和（）。 11、商业银行按组织形式可分为（）、（）和（）。 12、实行单元银行制的典型国家是（）。 13、商业银行经营管理的目标为（）、（）和（）。 14、对我国商业银行实施监管的机构是（）。 三、不定项选择 １、商业银行发展至今，已有（）的历史。 Ａ１００年Ｂ２００年Ｃ３００年Ｄ５００年 2、（）银行的成立，标志着现代商业银行的产生。 A英国B英格兰C丽如D东方 3、商业银行能够把资金从盈余者手中转移到短缺者手中，使闲置资金得到充分利用。这种功能被称为（）功能。 A信用中介B支付中介C信用创造D金融服务 4、下列银行体制中，只存在于美国的是（） A分行制B私人银行C国有银行D单元制 5、我国商业银行的组织形式是（）

A单元制银行B分支行制银行C银行控股公司D连锁银行 6、实行分支行制最典型的国家是（） Ａ美国Ｂ日本Ｃ法国Ｄ英国 7、股份制商业银行的最高权利机构是（）。 A董事会B股东大会C监事会D总经理 8、银行业的兼并对其产生的优势是（）。 A扩大了规模B有利于进行金融创新C取得优势互补，拓展业务范围D提高盈利能力 9、对银行业加强监管的意义体现在（）。 A保护和发挥商业银行在社会经济活动中的作用，促进经济的健康发展。 B有利于稳定金融体系。 C弥补银行财务信息公开程度不高的缺点。 D保护存款人的利益。 四、判断并说明理由 1、商业银行是企业。 2、商业银行的信用创造是无限制的。 3、在中国目前条件下，私人不能办银行，但可以入股银行。 4、现代商业银行都是股份制的金融企业。 5、流动性原则和安全性原则既是统一的，又是矛盾的。 6、商业银行的信用创造职能仅仅是商业银行可以产生派生存款。

商业银行经营与管理答案

参考答案 一、名词解释（每题4分，共20分） 1. 易变性存款 对市场利率的波动及外部经济因素变动敏感的存款。该类存款稳定性差，不能作为银行稳定资金的来源。 2. 内部评级法 新巴塞尔协议中用于评定信用风险的方法。指银行内部自身制订的信用评级方法，但需要得到监管当局的明确批准。分为初级和高级，其中初级银行只用自己确定违约概率，而高级中所有数据均有银行制订。适合于管理水平高的银行。 3. 国际保理 指银行买断出口商或债权人的债务并提供一系列综合金融服务的国际银行业务，该买断银行无追索权。这一系列综合服务包括信用调查管理、债款追收和坏账买断等。 4. 利率双限 指银行为管理利率风险而设立的利率上下限，使得利率只能在一定范围内波动，从而避免了利率过度波动带来的银行风险暴露。 5. 补偿余额 指存款人同意将自己存款的一部分存入贷款银行，从而提高了资金使用价格。银行通过要求补偿余额，可以提高贷款的税前收益率，并将存入存款用于扩大信贷规模。 二、判断题（对则划√，错则划×，每题2分，共20分） 1. 资产负债表是总括银行在一定时期全部资产、负债与所有者权益的财务报表，是一个动态会计报表。（） 2. 抵押率低说明银行对贷款比较谨慎，相反则比较宽松。（） 3. 商业银行的流动性需求来自于存款客户的体现需求。（） 4. 商业银行的资产是指商业银行自身拥有的或者能永久支配使用的资金。（） 5. 电子化趋势下，无纸化操作降低了银行监管的难度。（） 6. Z评分模型无法计量客户财务报表外的信用风险。（） 7. 同步准备金计算法主要适用于对非交易性帐户存款准备金的计算。（）

8. 成本加成贷款定价法是以若干大银行同意的优惠利率为基础，考虑到违约风险补偿和期限风险补偿，而后制订贷款利率。（） 9. 《巴塞尔协议》要求商业银行最低核心资本充足限额为风险资产的8%。（） 10. 特殊呆账准备金是依据贷款分类结果按照不同的比例提取的准备金。（） 1. × 2. √ 3. × 4. × 5. × 6. √ 7. × 8. × 9. ×10. × 三简答题（每题12分，共36分） 1. 商业银行并购的动机有哪些？我国银行业并购有哪些特点？ 答：商业银行并购的动力来自于追求利润的要求和竞争压力，而推动银行并购的主体则是股东和银行管理者。银行持股人希望提高他们的财富或减少风险以提高其福利；银行的管理者希望获得更多的利益；股东和管理者都希望从兼并中获得利益。 对股东，若并购增值（即并购后总体价值-并购前两银行单独的价值之和），大于并购的成本，他们便会促成并购。同时并购往往还能带来规模经济和范围经济，这也是股东进行并购的动机。 对管理者，很多时候并非理性地以股东权益最大化为目标，而是追逐自身的利益。如：追求银行规模的扩大；分散风险，使得成本与损失尽可能的低；避免被收购等。 我国银行并购的特点表现为： （1）历史发展短，类型比较单一，并购经验比较缺乏； （2）并购中必要的中介者——投资银行，在我国还处于初级发展阶段，真正意义的投资银行寥寥无几。 （3）我国相当一部分的银行并购并非出于优势互补、提高经营效益的目的，而是在经营混乱、资不抵债后发生的带有接受管理性质的行为。 （4）并购的性质往往并非出于自愿而是政府强制的。 （5）并购的结果往往是低效率，对收购方影响不好。 2. 借款企业的信用支持主要方式有哪些？银行应该如何控制和管理这些信用支持？ 答：借款企业的信用支持是贷款偿还的第二层保障，主要方式有：

商业银行管理彼得S.罗斯英文原书第8版英语试题库Chap003.doc

Chapter 3 The Organization and Structure of Banking and the Financial-Services Industry Fill in the Blank Questions 1.A(n) ___________________ is a machine located at the merchant's place of business which allows depositors to use their debit card to pay for purchases directly. Answer: POS 2.A(n) _____________________ is a bank which offers its full range of services from several locations. Answer: branch bank 3.A(n) _____________________ is a bank which offers its full range of services from only one location. Answer: unit bank 4.A(n)________________________ is a corporation chartered for the express purpose of holding the stock of one or more banks. Answer: Bank Holding Company 5.Managers who value fringe benefits, plush offices and ample travel budgets over the pursuit of maximum returns for stockholders are exhibiting signs of __________________________. Answer: Expense Preference Behavior 6.A(n) __________________________ can invest in corporate stock as sell as loan money to help finance the start of new ventures or support the expansion of existing businesses. Answer: Merchant bank 7. A bank which operates exclusively over the internet is known as a ___________ bank. Answer: Virtual 8.One new 21st century bank organizational structures is _____________________ . This is a special type of holding company that may offer the broadest range of financial services. Answer: Financial Holding Company (FHC)

公司金融习题答案汇总

第二章货币的时间价值 一、概念题 货币的时间价值单利复利终值现值 年金普通年金先付年金递延年金永续年金 二、单项选择题 1、资金时间价值通常（） A 包括风险和物价变动因素B不包括风险和物价变动因素 C包括风险因素但不包括物价变动因素D包括物价变动因素但不包括风险因素 2、以下说法正确的是（） A 计算偿债基金系数，可根据年金现值系数求倒数 B 普通年金现值系数加1等于同期、同利率的预付年金现值系数 C 在终值一定的情况下，贴现率越低、计算期越少，则复利现值越大 D 在计算期和现值一定的情况下，贴现率越低，复利终值越大 3、若希望在3年后取得500元，利率为10%，则单利情况下现在应存入银行（） A 384.6 B 650 C 375.7 D 665.5 4、一定时期内每期期初等额收付的系列款项称为（） A 永续年金Ｂ预付年金Ｃ普通年金Ｄ递延年金 5、某项存款利率为6%，每半年复利一次，其实际利率为（） Ａ3%Ｂ6.09%Ｃ6%Ｄ6.6% 6、在普通年金终值系数的基础上，期数加１、系数减１所得到的结果，在数值上等于（）Ａ普通年金现值系数Ｂ先付年金现值系数Ｃ普通年金终值系数Ｄ先付年金终值系数

7、表示利率为10%，期数为5年的（） Ａ复利现值系数Ｂ复利终值系数Ｃ年金现值系数Ｄ年金终值系数 8、下列项目中，不属于投资项目的现金流出量的是（） A固定资产投资B营运成本 C垫支流动资金D固定资产折旧 9、某投资项目的年营业收入为500万元，年经营成本为300万元，年折旧费用为10万元，所得税税率为33%，则该投资方案的年经营现金流量为（）万元 A127.3 B200 C137.3 D144 10、递延年金的特点是（） A没有现值B没有终值 C没有第一期的收入或支付额D上述说法都对 三、多项选择题 １、资金时间价值计算的四个因素包括（） Ａ资金时间价值额Ｂ资金的未来值Ｃ资金现值 Ｄ单位时间价值率Ｅ时间期限 ２、下面观点正确的是（） A 在通常情况下，资金时间价值是在既没有风险也没有通货膨胀条件下的社会平均利润率 B 没有经营风险的企业也就没有财务风险；反之，没有财务风险的企业也就没有经营风险 C 永续年金与其他年金一样，既有现值又有终值 D 递延年金终值的大小，与递延期无关，所以计算方法和普通年金终值相同 E 在利息率和计息期相同的条件下，复利现值系数和复利终值系数互为倒数 3、年金按其每期收付款发生的时点不同，可分为（）

2016银行管理测验真题(附答案)

银行管理考试试题及答案 一、单选题 1、历史上第一家股份制商业银行是（D ） A 威尼斯银行 B 阿姆斯特丹银行 C 纽伦堡银行 D 英格兰银行 2、中国现代银行产生的标志是成立（C ） A 浙江兴业银行 B 交通银行 C 中国通商银行 D 中国银行 3、银行借款人或交易对象不能按事先达成的协议履行义务的潜在可能性；也包括由于银行借款人或交易对象信用等级下降，使银行持有资产贬值是指（ C ） A、利率风险 B、汇率风险 C、信用风险 D、经营风险 4、国际清算银行通过了《巴塞尔协议》在（B ） A、1986年 B、1988年 C、1994年 D、1998年 5、商业银行的资本计划可以分为多少个阶段（C ） A、2个 B、3个 C、4个 D、5个 6、1996年1月，巴塞尔委员会允许银行采用自己的内部风险管理模型，但应同时满足定性与定量标准是通过制定（ A）

A、《测定市场风险的巴塞尔补充协议》 B、《市场风险的资本标准建议》 C、《预期损失和不可预见损失》 D、《对证券化框架的变更》 7、介于银行债券和普通股票之间的筹资工具，有固定红利收入，红利分配优于普通股票是（ B） A、普通股 B、优先股 C、中长期债券 D、债券互换 8、可转让支付命令账户简称是（ D ） A、NCDs B 、MMDA C、 ATS D、 NOWs 9、包括利息在内的花费在吸收负债上的一切开支，即利息成本和营业成本之和,它反映银行为取得负债而付出的代价是（C ） A、利息成本 B、营业成本 C、资金成本 D、相关成本 10、商业银行票据结算的工具主要包括银行汇票、银行本票、支票和（ B ） A、信用证 B、商业汇票 C 、信用卡D、提单 11、是典型的含有期权性质的中间业务（ A ） A、银行承诺 B 、代理业务 C、银行担保 D、信托业务 12、期权合约签定后，一但买方决定买进或卖出某金融资产时，卖方必须按照合约规定的内容无条件履行吗？（ A ） A 、是 B 、不是 C 、不一定D、可以不履行 13、商业银行国际业务的组织形式不包括（ B ） A 、代表处B、代理行C、分行 D 、子公司或附属机构E、合资联营银行

商业银行管理答案.docx

商业银行管理重点习题答案 P127 5-11 ∵总利息收入=2*总利息支出净利息收入=总利息收入-总利息支出=净利息支出=800 ∴总利息收入= 2*($800) = $1600 总利息支出= $800 ∵非利息收入=0.75*非利息支出净非利息收入=非利息收入-非利息支出=-0.25*非利息支 出=-500 ∴总非利息收入= 0.75*($2000) = $1500 总非利息支出= $2000 ∵贷款损失预提=0.01*总利息收入∴贷款损失预提= .01*($1600) = $16 所得税=0.3*未缴所得税前净收入=0.3*372=111.6 ∵税后净收入=未缴所得税前净收入-所得税=372-111.6=260.4 = -股利 ∴股利=税后净收入-未分配利润增加额=260.4-200=60.4 P139 6-12 ROE = 0.80*12 = 9.60 % ∵ROE=ROA*股本乘数 ∴股本乘数=9.6/0.6=16 6-13 ROE=净收入/股本=12/50=24% 赋税管理效率=净收入/税前净收入=12/15=80% 成本控制效率=税前净收入/运营收入=15/100=15% 资产管理效率=运营收入/资产=100/600=16.67% 资金管理效率=资产/股本=600/50=12 P150 6-4（题目“资产负债表”内数据有误，书中已改） 空格填写： 1.总利息收入=贷款利息与服务费收入+证券利息与股利=50+6=56 2.利息总支出=存款利息支出+非存款借款的利息支出=40+6=46 3.利息净收入=总利息收入-利息总支出=56-46=10 4.非利息总支出=工资和雇员福利+营业费用+其他非利息开支=10+5+2=17 5.税前经营收入=利息净收入-贷款损失准备金+非利息收入和服务费收入-非利息总支出=10-5+20-17=8 6.税前净经营收入=税前经营收入+证券收益（损失）=8+2=10 7.净运营收入=税前净经营收入-税赋=10-2=8