名词性从句注意事项
名词性从句
概述：名从包括：主从、宾从、表从、同从。
做题思路：
1.找出从句、判断是什么类型。
2.判断是名从后，怎么选词？
①缺物：what
②缺人：who(主)、whom(宾)
③其他缺啥补啥：whether、if、which、where、
when、how、why、because、as if…
④啥都不缺，从句是完整的陈述句：that
3.注意事项：
①what还是which?
答：名从“缺物”，填what。which只在定从中“指
代物”。除定从外，其余which均译为“哪一个”。
②what 还是that？
答：that 在从句中不作任何成分，what 在从句
中必须担当主语或宾语。
That Tom fell off his chair by accident got the classmates laughing.
What Tom learned in university helps him a lot in his job
We have reached what is called XinJie kou.
③that什么时候能省?
答：宾语从句的第一个从句。
Before leaving the room, you should make sure
(that) the lights are off and that the doors are shut.
④if / whether怎么选？
答：表“是否”时，whether永远可以。
什么时候，能用if？
答：动宾从句& It主从。
I d on’t know if he is coming or not.
It is not clear if he is coming.
⑤whatever / no matter what 怎么选？
答：首选是短的那个，即~ever。因~ever既可引
导主从，又可引导状从；而no matter ~ 只能引
导状从。
I agree with you, whatever you say.
I agree with you, no matter what you say.
I will give the book to whoever needs it.
⑥定从和同从怎么区分？
答：同从的先行词必定是内涵的抽象词，如：news, idea, fact, promise, truth, suggestion等。
同从说明先行词的内容，而定从说明哪一个先行
词。举个典例：
The reason that he told me that he lost the money
is not very good.
●that he told me，哪个理由呢？是他告诉我的那个
理由。所以是定语从句。
●that he lost the money，他的理由是什么内容呢？
理由是他丢钱了。所以是同位语从句。
其他重点：
一、主语从句
a. 与定语从句的转换
What is needed has been bought.
All that is needed has been bought.
b. 几个特殊句型之间的转换
It is known to all that China has joined the WTO.
As is known to all , China has joined the WTO.
What is known to all is that China has joined the WTO.
二、宾语从句
1.否定转移
I don’t think he is fit for the job, i s he?
I never thought that he would come for the dinner
party.
2.有些固定搭配。
I hate it when…;
I dislike it when…;
I’d appreciate it if…感激
I will see to it that…保证
3.与定语从句的转换
Jerry told us _______ he had sent abroad.
A. what
B. all that
C. all what
D. all
注：本题四个答案都正确。答案C 可以看作all
是前面的us 的同位语。
三、表语从句：切换
The reason why I came late is that my car broke down
on the half way.
He came late. That’s because his car broke down.
His car broke down on the half way. That’s why he
came late.
四、宾从、表从、同从中若含有建议、命令、坚持、提议
要求等含义的词，要用that sb (should) do,如：
She insists that we (should) go swimming on such a fine day. His suggestion is that we (should) leave at once.
We received an order that the work (should) be done at once.
这类词有：
advise, suggest建议；order命令；command命令；insist坚持；propose提议；demand要求；require 需要；request要求；
第一部分：基础题
1. _______ makes his shop different is that it offers more personal services.
A. What
B. Who
C. Whatever
D. Whoever
2. —It’s thirty years since we last met.
—But I still remember the story, believe it or not, _______ we got lost on a rainy night.
A. which
B. that
C. what
D. when
3. See the flags on top of the building? That was _______ we did this morning.
A. when
B. which
C. where
D. What
4. —Could you do me a favor?
—It depends on _______ it is.
A. which
B. whichever
C. what
D. whatever
5. These shoes look very good. I wonder _______.
A. how much cost they are
B. how much do they cost
C. how much they cost
D. how much are they cost
6. Doris' success lies in the fact _______ she is co-operative and eager to learn from others.
A. which
B. that
C. when
D. why
7. Mary wrote an article on _______ the team had failed to win the game.
A. why
B. what
C. who
D. that
8. Do you have any idea _______ is actually going on in the classroom?
A. that
B. what
C. as
D. which
9. —Why does she always ask you for help?
—There is no one else _______, is there?
A. who to turn to
B. she can turn to
C. for whom to turn
D. for her to turn
10. Elephants have their own way to tell the shape of an
object and _______ it is rough or smooth.
A. /
B. whether
C. how
D. what
11. Danny left word with my secretary _______ he would
call again in the afternoon.
A. who
B. that
C. as
D. which
12. Mum is coming. What present ______ for your birthday?
A. you expect she has got
B. you expect has she got
C. do you expect she has got
D. do you expect has she got
13. The way he did it was different ______ we were used to.
A. in which
B. in what
C. from what
D. from which
14. Great changes have taken place in that school. It is no longer _______ it was 20 years ago, _______ it was so poorly equipped.
A. what; when
B. that; which
C. what; which
D. which; that
15. Some researchers believe that there is no doubt ________
a cure for AIDS will be found.
A. which
B. that
C. what
D. whether
第二部分：强化题
1. We haven’t settled the question of _______ it is necessary for him to study abroad.
A. if
B. where
C. whether
D. that
2. A warm thought suddenly came to me _______I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mother’s birthday.
A. if
B. when
C. that
D. which
3. There is much chance _______ Bill will recover from his injury in time for the race.
A. that
B. which
C. until
D. if
4. Please remind me _______ he said he was going. I may be in time to see him off.
A. where
B. when
C. how
D. what
5. We saw several natives advancing towards our party, and one of them came up to us, _______ we gave some bells and glasses.
A. to which
B. to whom
C. with whom
D. with which
6. With his work completed, the businessman stepped back to his seat, feeling pleased _______ he was a man of action.
A. which
B. that
C. what
D. whether
7. _______ team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships.
A. No matter what
B. No matter which
C. Whatever
D. Whichever
8. I just wonder that makes him so excited.
A. why it does
B. what he does
C. how it is
D. what it is
9. _______ is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger , more prosperous economy.
A. As
B. That
C. This
D. It
10. Nobody believed his reason for being absent from the class _______ he had to meet his uncle at the airport.
A. why
B. that
C. where
D. because
11. The shopkeeper did not want to sell for _______ he thought was not enough.
A. where
B. how
C. what
D. which
12. He noticed that the straight part of the dance was different in the afternoon from _______ it had been in the morning.
A. that
B. where
C. what
D. which
13. I’d like to work with _______ is honest and easy to get on with.
A. who
B. whoever
C. whomever
D. no matter who
14. When you are reading, make a note of _______ you think is of great importance.
A. which
B. that
C. what
D. when
15.Whether we can get everything ready by the weekend all depends on _______ we can get Mr. Green’s cooperation.
A. that
B. what
C. whether
D. if
名词性从句强调句与定语从句综合练习
名词性从句、强调句与定语从句综合练习 1. What a pity ______ is ______ you didn’t come to the party. A. there; because B. it; that C. he; when D. that; for 2. －I believe ______ you’ve tried your best and ______ you can come to the top of the class. －Thank you. A. what; / B. / ; / C. what; that D. /; that 3. Please give the note to ______ is in the classroom. A. who B. whom C. whoever D. whomever it yesterday ______ you received the letter from her which ) 5. The question Mike asked was ______ the sports meet would be put off. A. that B. if C. whether D. because 6. Some great people said it was their primary school teachers and their lessons they were fond of influenced their whole lives. ;that ;which ;which ;that 7. We need the same machine ______ in your factory. is being used is being used is being used it is being used can be seen from his face, he is quite satisfied. 9. Is ______ he told you really funny A. that B. is C. what D. this 10. —On the contrary，I think it is the mother，rather than her children， to blame. —I agree with you. is is are are — lent me a lot of maney,______ I coul dn’t buy the TV set. it which which which wonder if it was in the bookstore I bought some books I lost the keys. ;that ;where ;that ;where 13. It was in the garden of his old house_____he grew up______he dug up a pot of gold. ;that ;where ;that ;where was in the stone house was built as a school by local villagers the boy finished his primary school. ;that ;where ;which ;which 15．—Where did you meet him while in Beijing —It was in the hotel ______ I stayed． A．that B．which C．when D．where 、 was on October 15 the Communist Party 17th Congress began， was the biggest
【初中英语】定语从句知识点总结
【初中英语】定语从句知识点总结 一、定语从句 1．This is the most beautiful picture __________ I have ever seen. A．that B．which C．what D．who 【答案】A 【解析】 句意：这是我见过的最漂亮的画。考查定语从句。先行词被最高级修饰时，引导词应用that。 结合句意和语境可知选A。 点睛：限制性定语从句中只能用that 引导定语从句的几种情况： 当先行词是everything, anything, nothing （something 除外）, all, none, few, little, some等不定代词时，或当先行词受every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等词修饰时。如： Have you set down everything that Mr Li said? There seems to be nothing that is impossible to him in the world. 注意：当先行词指人时，偶尔也可用关系代词who。如： Any man that / who has a sense of duty won’t do such a thing. 任何有责任感的人都不会做这样的事。 All the guests that / who were invited to her wedding were important people. 所有被邀请参加婚礼的 客人都是重要人物。2. 当先行词被序数词修饰时。如：The first American movie that I watched was the Titanic. 3. 当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。如： This is the best museum that I have visited all my life. 4. 当先行词被the very, the only, the first / last等修饰时。如：She is the only person that understands me. 注意：当先行词指人时，偶尔也可以用关系代词who。如： Wang Hua is the only person in our school who will attend the meeting. 5. 当先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词时。如：Who is the man that is standing in front of the crowd? 站在人群前 面的那个人是谁？Which is the room that Mr Wang lives in? 哪一间是王先生住的房间？ 当先行词人与物时。如：Look at the man and his donkey that are walking up the street. 当先行词是reason, way（方法）等词时，关系代词常用that代替in which, for which, why, 也常可省略。如：She admired the way （that） they solved the questions. 2．Mr.Brown is a teacher is strict with all is students. A．which B．who C．where 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 句意“布朗是一个对所有的学生都严格的老师”。 本题考查定语从句。A.指物，在从句中作主语或宾语；B.指人，在从句中作主语或宾语；C.表示地方，在从句中作地点状语。本句话中先行词为a teacher，指人，在从句中作主语，故选B。 【点睛】 做定语从句的题时，可先将先行词还原到句中。其次选择关系词，要先看先行词指人、指
定语从句总结以及易错点(新、选)
Summary----Attributive Clauses 一、用什么词引导定语从句？ 我们要判断到底使用关系代词还是关系副词，应先把先行词放回定语从句中 如果先行词在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语或定语，则用关系代词 that（充当主语、宾语或表语） who（充当主语、宾语或表语） whom（充当宾语） which（充当主语、宾语或表语） as（充当主语、宾语或表语） whose（充当定语） 如果充当状语，则用关系副词“where, when, why” 二、在什么情况下一般只能用that引导定语从句？ 先行词同时是人和物时 先行词是不定代词：all, any, anything, everything, few, little, much, none等 先行词前面有：all, any, every, little, much, no，some, the only, the very, the last修饰时在以which/who为疑问词的特殊疑问句中 当主句以there is/here is/ it is开头时 三、在什么情况下一般只能用which引导定语从句？ 当先行词本身就是that时 引导非限制性定语从句时 直接放在介词后作定语从句宾语时 四、如何区分the same…as和the same…that? “the same…as”表示同一类人或物 “the same…that”指同一个人或物 五、在什么情况下whose和of which不能互换？ whose和of which在用来指物时可以互换 但在下列情况下不能互换： 1.先行词是人时，只能用whose, 不能用of which; 2. of不具有所属关系含义时，只能用of which（或of whom），不能用whose。 六、在什么情况下一般用who不用that? 先行词是人称代词时，一般用who不用that。 七、way后面的定语从句 way后面的定语从句的引导词有in which, that或不填。 最新文件仅供参考已改成word文本。方便更改 word.
定语从句的注意事项
定语从句的注意事项 一、定语从句中宜用that而不用which的情况 1．先行词是不定代词的时候，如all, much, something, everything, anything, nothing, none, the one等。 [eg.] We should do all that is useful to the people. [eg.] There is nothing that can be said about it. [eg.] Do you mean the one that was bought yesterday? 2．先行词被only, any, few, little, no, all, one of, just, very等词修饰时。 [eg.] The only thing that we can do was to wait. [eg.] You can take any seat that is free. [eg.] That is the very word that is wrongly used. [eg.] This is only one of the evidences that reveal his crime. 3．先行词是序数词或者被序数词修饰时。 [eg.] This is the third film that has been shown in our school this term. 4．先行词是最高级或者被最高级修饰时。 [eg.] This is the best that can be done now. [eg.] the most important thing that he should do is how to stop him from going on. 5．先行词既有人又有物。 [eg.] The writer and his novel that you have just talked about are really well known. 6．先行词为数词时。 [eg.] Yesterday I caught two fish and out them into a basin of water. Now you can see the two that is still alive. 7．如果有两个从句，其中一个关系词以用which为关系词，另一个应该用that。 Edison built up a factory which produced things that had never been seen before. 8．主句是there be结构修饰其主语的定语从句用that作为关系词。 [eg.] There is still a seat in the corner that is still free. 9．先行词为表语的时候，或者关系带词本身是定语从句的表语，宜用that。 [eg.] This is a good book that will help you a lot. [eg.] My home village is no longer the place that it used to be. 10．一些特殊词为先行词的时候用that作先行词 [eg.] The way that you deal with him would ignite him. 二、定语从句中宜用which而不用that的情况 1．当关系带词前面有介词时。 [eg.] A zoo is a park in which many kids of animals are kept for exhibition. 2．在非限定性定语从句中。 [eg.] Crusoe’s dog, which was now very old, became ill and dead. 3．在一个句子中有两个从句，其中一个用了that，另外一个用which。 [eg.] Let me show you the novel that I barrowed from the library which was newly open to us. 4．当关系代词后有插入语时。 [eg.] Here is the English grammar which, as I have told you, will help improve your English.
高中英语定语从句知识点归纳
定语从句的连接词不可以用what． 关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等； 关系副词有where, when, why等。 二.关系代词引导的定语从句 指人，在从句中做主语 (1) The boys who are playing football are from Class One. … (2) Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way. 2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。 (1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus. (2) Mr. Ling is just the boy whom I want to see. 注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。 (3) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend. / 3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略 (1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys. (2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. 4. that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。 (5) The number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year rises one million. (6) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning @ 5. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语 (1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor. (2) I once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in. whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替 (3) The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired. (4) The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired. (5) Do you like the book whose cover is yellow (6) Do you like the book the color of which is yellow ^ 三.介词+关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时，从句常由介词+关系代词引导 (1) The school (that/which) he once studied in is very famous. (2) The school in which he once studied is very famous. (3) Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine (that/which) you asked for. (4) Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine for which you asked. (5) We”ll go to hear the famous singer (whom/that/wh o) we have often talked about. "
定语从句易错点归纳之改错
定语从句易错点归纳之 改错 标准化管理部编码-[99968T-6889628-J68568-1689N]
定语从句易错点归纳——改错 1. I’ll never forget the days when I spent in New York with you. 2. I’ll never forget the days which I visited New York with you. 3. Is this the library where you visited yesterday 4. Mary is so lovely a girl as everybody loves her. 5. Mary is so lovely a girl that everybody loves. 6. Tom is one of the students who likes swimming. 7. Tom is the only one of the students who like swimming. 8. Was it in the shop that you bought the recorder that you lost your pen
9. You’d better make a mark at where you have any questions. 10. I don’t like the way which you speak to her. 11. I don’t care for pay. I just want to get a job that I can be greatly valued. 12. He failed in the exam again， which was expected. 13. He failed in the exam again， as was not what he had expected. 14. This is the most exciting football game which I have ever seen. 15. Here are the materials that — had I thought of it — you could have taken with you yesterday. 16. The two things with which Marx was not sure were the grammar and some of the idioms.
定语从句的注意事项
定语从句的注意事项 一、主谓一致 这是指关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，定语从句中谓语动词的单复数形式与先行词一致的问题。 1、取决于先行词，先行词是单数时，从句的谓语动词用单数；先行词是复数时，从句的谓语动词用复数。 Eg，Mr Smith, who is now downstairs, is asking to see you. The Smiths, who are now downstairs, are asking to seee you. 2、“one of+可数名词复数”后的定语从句，谓语动词用复数形式；“the only/ very/right one of+可数名词复数”后的定语从句，谓语动词用单数形式。 Eg，Jeff is one of the students who were awarded. 杰夫是当时获奖的学生之一。 Jeff is the only one of the students who was awarded. 杰夫是唯一一个获奖的学生。 二、宜用that不用which的情况 that 和which在定语从句中都可以做主语或宾语，指物。作宾语时，均可省略。通常情况下，二者可以互换使用。但有时不可以随便互换。 1、当先行词是指物的不定代词，如all，much，little，few，something，anything，everything，none，nothing等或被不定代词修饰时。 Eg, You should hand in all tht you have. I did nothing that might hurt you. 2、当先行词有the only，the same，the very，the last等词修饰时。 Eg，These articles are the very ones that should be read. Charring was the only thing that interested her most. 3、当先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。 Eg，This is the best film that has been seen shown so far in the city. He was the first that gave us some useful advice. 4、当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时。 Eg，Who is the person that is standing at the gate? Which of us that knows something about physics can not join electric wires? 5、当先行词有两个或两个以上，并且分别表示人和物时。 Eg，She took photographs of the things and people that she was interested in. 三、宜用which不用that的情况 1、先行词本身就是that时。 Eg，What’s that which flashed in the sky just now 2、在定语从句中作介词宾语，且介词位于关系代词之前时。 Eg，I’m looking for a container in which I can put all these coins. 四、宜用who不用that的情况 1、先行词如果是指人的不定代词或指示代词，如one, anyone, no one, all, nobody,anybody,
定语从句与强调句的区别
定语从句与强调句的区别 1. 强调句型中的it 属于引导词，本身没有意义。如果去掉is／was ... that结构，句子结构仍然完整，句意也完整。定语从句中的it 是指示代词，作主句的主语。 如果去掉it is／was ...that，句子结构不完整，意思也不完整。 It is a question that needs careful consideration. 这是一个需要慎重考虑的问题。（定语从句） It is novels that she enjoys reading. 她喜欢阅读的是小说。（= She enjoys reading novels.）（强调句型） It was at the railway station that we first met 16 years ago. 是在火车站我们16 年前第一次相逢。（强调句型，强调地点状语at therailway station） It was the railway station where we first met 16 years ago. 这是我们16 年前第一次相逢的火车站。（定语从句，where 是关系副词，在定语从句中做地点状语） 2. 在强调句中被强调的部分还可以是副词、介词短语或从句；在定语从句中先行词一般是名词、代词或名词短语。 It was because she was ill that we decided to return. 正是因为她生病了，我们才决定回来。（强调句型） Was it the place where the party was held？ 这些是举行集会的那个地方吗？（定语从句） 3. 有些强调句型中含有一个定语从句，这往往给理解带来一定的难度。解决方法是仔细分析that 或who在句中的作用。 It was in the lab that was set up last year they finished the experiment. 他们是在去年建造的实验室里完成这个实验的。（that was set up last year是定语从句，that 在从句中作主语，并可被which 替换）It was the students who came from our school that won the first prize in thecontest.是来自我们学校的学生获得了竞赛一等奖。(who came from our school是定语从句。who 在从句中作主语。）
定语从句易错题集锦
定语从句错题集锦 1.The thought of going back home was ________ kept him happy while he was working abroad. A. all that B. all C. which D. that 2. ---Do you have anything to say for yourselves? --- Yes, there’s one point______ we must insist on. A. why B. where C. how D. / 3. After graduation she reached a poiont in her career _______ she needed to decide what to do. A. that B. what C. which D. where 4. She’ll never forget her stay there ______ she found her son who had gone missing two years before. A. that B. which C. where D. when 5. All the neighbors admire this family, ______ the parents are treating their child like a friend. A. why B. where C. which D. when 6. Later in this chapter cases will be introduced to readers _______ consumer complaints have resulted in changes in the law. A. where B. when C. who D. which 7. Occasions are quite rare ______ I have time to spend a day with my kids. A. who B. which C. why D. when 8. Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity _______ sight matters more than hearing. A. when B. whose C. which D. where 9. ---Is that the small town you often refer to? ---Right, just the one _______ you know I used to work for years. A. that B. which C. where D. what 10. For many cities in the world, there is no room to spread out further, _______ New York is an example. A. for which B. in which C. of which D. above which 11. Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree _______ they can be controlled on purpose. A. with which B. to which C. of which D. for which 12. We saw several natives advancing towards our party, and one of them came up to us, _______ we gave some bells and glasses. A. to which B. to whom C. with whom D. with which 13. I saw a woman running toward me in the dark. Before I could recognize who she was, she had run back in the direction ________ she had come. A. of which B. by which C. in which D. from which 14. He regularly checked his secret drawers, ________ were stored some precious paintings and jewels. A. that B. which C. whom D. where 15. Culture refers to a group or community _______ we share common experiences that shape the way we understand the world. A. with which B. that C. for which D. what 16. When people talk about the places of interest in China, the first _______ comes into mind is the Summer Palace. A. one B. that C. of them D. of which 17. Is this research center ______ you visited the modern equipment last year? A. where B. that C. the one that D. the one where
定语从句(详解及关键注意事项)
定语从句 1、定语可以由形容词，名词，代词，数词，分词，副词，不定式以及介词短语来担任，也可以由一个句子来担任．定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，相当于形容词，所以又称为形容词性从句． 2、定语从句用来修饰名词，代词或整个主句． 3、定语从句分为限定性和非限定性从句两种。 4、定语从句存在的条件:先行词+关系词+从句 5、定语从句的构成步骤： 1）找出先行词 a．确定从句中关系代词的人称和数。 b．确定定语从句的位置（一般定语从句都紧跟在先行词后） 2）确定关系代词在从句中所担当的成分，以确定关系代词的格。 3）确定从句时态，根据实际情况确定定语从句的时态（它的时态和语态都不受主句的限制）。（一）定语从句及相关术语 1、定语从句：修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。 2、关系词：引导定语从句的关联词成为关系词关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有where, when, why等。 关系词常有3个作用：1. 引导定语从句 2. 代替先行词 3. 在定语从句中担当一个成分 （二）关系代词引导的定语从句 1.who指人，在从句中做主语 (1) The boys who are playing football are from Class One. (2) Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way. 注意：当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，谓语动词应与先行词的人称和数保持一致。 (1) I, who am your best friend, will do all that I can to help you. (2) The family, who are fond of music, go to the concert once a month. (3) He is one of the boys in our class who speak English well. （one of +复数名词+关系代词引导的定语从句谓语动词用复数形式） (4) He is the only one of the boys in our class who speaks English well. the (only；very；right) one of +复数名词+关系代词引导的定语从句谓语动词用单数形式） 2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当动词或介词的宾语，常可省略。 (1) Mr. Liu is the person whom you talked about on the bus.（whom 作介词about的宾语）
定语从句与强调句和状语从句的区别
定语从句与其易混淆句型的辨析 众所周知，定语从句是高中英语学习中的一个语法重点，老师、同学们都对此予以重点关注。由此造成了这样一种现象：做题时，一遇到从句就往定语从句上想，尤其容易把一些形式上与定语从句相似的句型（主要是同位语从句、强调句、地点和时间状语从句）也当作定语从句来理解，结果产生错误。因此，从某个方面来说，解答定语从句题的关键是弄清它和易混淆句型之间的区别。 一、定语从句与同位语从句 定语从句和同位语从句都置于被修饰的名词或代词之后，形式上非常相似，尤其是由that引导时，最难区分。实际上，两者的根本区别在于句法功能不同，与先行词的关系不同。 1. 句法功能不同 定语从句相当于一个形容词，用来修饰、描述或限制其前面的名词、代词（称为先行词）或整个句子；同位语从句则相当于一个名词，是先行词所述内容的展开，即说明先行词的具体内容。 定语从句的引导词that在从句中一定充当句子成分；而同位语从句中的引导词that（被称为连接代词）在从句中只起连接作用，不充当任何句子成分。 定语从句的引导词在从句中作宾语或状语时，可以省略或被其他词代替；而同位语从句的引导词则一般不能省略，也不能被代替。 例1The news （that / which）we picked up from his informal conversation is true.我们从他的闲谈中听到的那个消息是真实的。 例2The news that Mr Li will teach us English next semester is true. 李先生下学期将教我们英语这个消息是真实的。 点评：例1的中that从句是定语从句，其作用相当于一个形容词，用来限定the news，that在从句中作宾语，可省略。例2中的that从句是同位语从句，其作用相当于一个名词，本身就是the news的内容，that不能省略。 2. 与先行词关系不同 定语从句所修饰、限定的先行词可以是名词或代词，当that省略时，定语从句本身是一个不完整的句子。而同位语从句通常与一些本身有具体内容可展开的名词连用，对这些名词进行补充说明或解释。常见的此类名词有：answer，belief，doubt，decision，explanation，fact，hope，idea，information，message，news，order，possibility，problem，promise，question，reason，story，suggestion，thought，truth等。同位语从句本身是一个完整的句子，常用that连接而不是用which 引导，that本身不充当句子成分，表示疑问意义的名词（如doubt，question等）后也可用whether，who，what等疑问词引导。 例3The fact (that / which) she told me yesterday is very important.她昨天告诉我的事实非常重要。 例4The fact that she hasn’t known the result of the examination is clear.她还不知道考试成绩这个事实是显而易见的。
高考英语定语从句知识点知识点
高考英语定语从句知识点知识点 一、选择题 1．Car races are recorded and uploaded to YouTube and other video platforms, ______________ they can be viewed repeatedly. A．which B．where C．when D．there 2．Until now, we have raised 100,000 pounds for the poor children, ___________ is quite unexpected. A．that B．which C．who D．it 3．Optimism is the essential ingredient of top performers,__________we assume separates the high achievers from the rest. A．as B．who C．which D．that 4．The past decades have witnessed China’s many scientific achieve ments, _____ the development of Shenwei supercomputers is a typical example. A．to which B．for which C．at which D．of which 5．John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of are family members. A．them B．that C．which D．whom 6．The president of Harvard pioneered the elective system______ students were able to choose their own courses of study. A．on which B．about which C．to which D．by which 7．5G is an exciting mobile technology, ________ will give a massive boost to smart cities and vehicles. A．where B．when C．that D．which 8．—How did you find your way here？ —It was by following the travel brochure _____ the route is clearly clarified. A．that B．how C．where D．which 9．My brother bought a telescope, ______ he could study the star in the night sky. A．of which B．through which C．in which D．on which 10．The beautiful dress _______ Miss Jones went to the ball was borrowed from a friend of hers. A．that B．which C．in which D．wearing which 11．We came to a place ______ they had never paid a visit before. A．in which B．to which C．what D．which 12．She has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students ________ allows them to communicate freely with each other. A．which B．where C．what D．who 13．You were really between a rock and a hard place ______ you had to choose between your career and your relationship. A．when B．where C．before D．until 14．We won’t forget the heroes ________ lost their lives while fighting against a forest fire. A．who B．whose C．when D．why