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高考英语易混淆词汇及短语(必背)

高考英语易混淆词汇及短语（必背）

1. clothes, cloth, clothing

clothes统指各种衣服，谓语动词永远是复数，cloth指布，为不可数名词

clothing 服装的总称，指一件衣服用 a piece of, an article of

2. incident, accident

incident指小事件, accident指不幸的事故He was killed in the accident.

3. amount, number

amount后接不可数名词，number后接可数名词 a number of students

4. family, house, home

home 家，包括住处和家人，house房子，住宅，family家庭成员. My family is a happy one.

5. sound, voice, noise

sound自然界各种各样的声音，voice人的嗓音，noise噪音I hate the loud noise outside.

6. photo, picture, drawing

photo用照相机拍摄的照片，picture可指相片，图片，电影片，drawing画的画Let's go and see a good picture.

7. vocabulary, word

vocabulary词汇，一个人拥有的单词量，word具体的单词He has a large vocabulary.

8. population, people

population人口，人数，people具体的人China has a large population.

9. weather, climate

weather一天内具体的天气状况，climate长期的气候状况The climate here is not good for you.

10. road, street, path, way

road具体的公路，马路，street街道，path小路，小径，way道路，途径

take this road; in the street, show me the way to the museum.

11. course, subject

course课程（可包括多门科目），subject科目（具体的学科） a summer course

12. custom, habit

custom传统风俗，习俗，也可指生活习惯，后接to do，habit生活习惯，习惯成自然，后接of doing.

I've got the habit of drinking a lot.

13. cause, reason

cause 指造成某一事实或现象的直接原因，后接of sth./doing sth，

reason用来解释某种现象或结果的理由，后接for sth./doing sth. the reason for being late

14. exercise, exercises, practice

exercise运动，锻炼（不可数），exercises练习（可数），practice（反复做的）练习Practice makes perfect.

15. class, lesson

作"课"解时,两者可以替换.指课文用lesson. 指班级或全体学生用class. lesson 6; class 5

16. speech, talk, lecture

speech指在公共场所所做的经过准备的较正式的演说，talk日常生活中的一般的谈话，讲话，

lecture学术性的演讲，讲课 a series of lecture on…

17. officer, official

officer部队的军官，official政府官员an army officer

18. work, job

二者均指工作。work不可数，job可数 a good job

19. couple, pair

couple主要指人或动物，pair多指由两部分组成的东西 a pair of trousers

20. country, nation, state, land

country侧重指版图，疆域，nation指人民，国民，民族，state侧重指政府，政体，land国土，国家The whole nation was sad at the news.

21. cook, cooker

cook厨师，cooker厨具He is a good cook.

22. damage, damages

damage不可数名词, 损害，损失; damages复数形式, 赔偿金$900 damages

23. police, policeman

police警察的总称，后接复数谓语动词，policeman 指某个具体的警察

The police are questioning everyone in the house.

24. problem, question

problem常和困难连系，前面的动词常为think about, solve, raise，

question常和疑问连系，多和ask, answer连用

25. man, a man

man人类，a man一个男人Man will conquer nature.

26. chick, chicken

二者均可指小鸡，chicken还可以当鸡肉The chicken is delicious.

27. telegram, telegraph

当电报解时，telegram指具体的，telegraph指抽象的 a telegram, by telegraph

28. trip, journey, travel, voyage

travel是最常用的，trip指短期的旅途，journey指稍长的旅途，voyage指海上航行 a three-day trip

29. sport, game

sport多指户外的游戏或娱乐活动，如打球，游泳，打猎，赛马等；

game指决定胜负的游戏，通常有一套规则His favorite sport is swimming.

30. price, prize

price价格，prize奖，奖品，奖金win the first prize The price is high/low.

31. a number of, the number of

a number of许多，谓语动词用复数。the number of…的数目，谓语动词用单数。

The number of students is increasing.

32. in front of, in the front of

in front of范围外的前面，in the front of范围内的前面In the front of the room sits a boy.

33. of the day, of a day

of the day每一天的，当时的，当代的，of a day暂时的，不长久的 a famous scientist of the day

34. three of us, the three of us

three of us我们（不止三个）中的三个，the three of us我们三个（就三个人）The three of us---Tom, Jack and

I went to the cinema.

35. by bus, on the bus

by bus表手段，方式，不用冠词，on the bus表范围They went there by bus.

36. for a moment, for the moment

for a moment 片刻，一会儿，for the moment暂时，一时Thinking for a moment, he agreed.

37. next year, the next year

next year将来时间状语，the next year过去将来时间状语He said he would go abroad the next year.

38. more than a year, more than one year

more than a year一年多，more than one year超过一年（两年或三年等）

39. take advice, take the(one's) advice

take advice征求意见，take the advice接受忠告He refused to take the advice and failed again.

40. take air, take the air

take air传播，走漏，take the air到户外去，散步We take the air every day.

41. in a word, in words

in a word总之，一句话，in words口头上In a word, you are right.

42. in place of, in the place of

in place of代替，in the place of在…地方 A new building is built in the place of the old one.

43. in secret, in the secret

in secret秘密地，暗自地，偷偷地，一般用作状语；in the secret知道内情，知道秘密，一般用作表语My mother was in the secret from the beginning.

44. a girl, one girl

a girl可泛指所有女孩, one girl一个女孩Can one girl carry such a big box?

45. take a chair, take the chair

take a chair相当于sit down坐下，take the chair开始开会

46. go to sea, by sea, by the sea

go to sea当海员，出航，by sea乘船，由海路，by the sea在海边go by sea

47. the doctor and teacher, the doctor and the teacher

the doctor and teacher指一个人，既是医生又是老师，

the doctor and the teacher两个人，一个医生和一个老师the doctor and teacher is

48. in office, in the office

in office在职的，in the office在办公室里He is in office, not out of office.

49. in bed, on the bed

in bed卧在床上，on the bed在床上The book is on the bed. He is ill in bed.

50. in charge of, in the charge of

in charge of管理，负责照料，in the charge of由……照料

He is in charge of the matter. The matter is in the charge of her.

51. in class, in the class

in class在课上，in the class在班级里He is the best student in the class.

52. on fire, on the fire

on fire着火,on the fire在火上Put the food on the fire. The house is on fire.

53. out of question, out of the question

out of question毫无疑问的，out of the question不可能的

54. a second, the second

a second又一，再一，the second第…… He won the second prize.

55. by day, by the day

by day白天，by the day按天计算The workers are paid by the day.

56. the people, a people

the people指人，a people指民族The Chinese is a peace-loving people.

57. it, one

it同一物体，one同类不同一I lost my pen. I have to buy a new one.

58. that, this

that指代上文所提到的，this导出下文所要说的I was ill. That's why…

59. none, nothing, no one

none强调有多少，nothing, no one强调有没有，nothing指物，no one指人

--- How many…/How much…? --- None.

60. anyone, any one

anyone指人，不能接of，any one指人物均可，可接of any one of you

61. who, what

who指姓名或关系，what指职业或地位What is your dad? He is a teacher.

62. what, which

what的选择基础是无限制的，which在一定范围内进行选择Which do you prefer, bananas or apples? 63. other, another

other后接名词复数，another后接名词单数other students, another student

64. not a little, not a bit

not a little非常，not a bit一点也不I'm not a bit tired. 我一点儿也不累。

65. many, much, a lot of

many和可数名词连用，much和不可数名词连用， a lot of可数，不可数均可，但不用于否定句

I haven't many books.

66. much more…than, many more…than

much more…than后接形容词或不可数名词，many more…than后接可数名词many more people, much more water, much more beautiful

67. no, not

no=not a/any no friend=not a/any friend no water=not any water

68. no more than, not more than

no more than相当于only，仅仅，只有，not more than 至多，不超过

69. majority, most

majority只能修饰可数名词，most可数不可数均可the majority of people

70. by oneself, for oneself, to oneself, of oneself

by oneself单独的，独自的，for oneself为自己，to oneself供自己用的，of oneself 自行的，

71. at all, after all

at all根本，全然, after all到底，毕竟After all he is a child.

72. tall, high

tall常指人或动物，high常指物体He is tall.

73. fast, quickly

fast侧重于指人或物体具有运动速度快的特点，quickly侧重指某事完成或发生的快

run fast, answer the question quickly

74. high, highly

high具体的高，highly抽象的高，高度的think highly of

75. healthy, healthful

healthy健康的，健壮的，healthful有益于健康的healthful exercise

76. sleeping, asleep, sleepy

sleeping正在睡觉，asleep睡着，熟睡，只能做表语，sleepy困的，有睡意的

a sleeping baby The baby is asleep. I'm sleepy.

77. gold, golden

gold指真金制品，golden指金色的，但金鱼用gold fish a gold ring

78. most, mostly

most用于表感受的肯定句中，相当于very，当大部分，大多数解时是形容词或名词，mostly大部分,是副词most people, the people are mostly…

79. just, very

just表强调时是副词，作状语，very表强调时是形容词，用作定语the very man, just the man

80. wide, broad

wide侧重于一边到另一边的距离，broad侧重于幅面的宽广broad shoulders

81. real, true

real真的，真实的，指的是事实上存在而不是想象的，

true真的，真正的，指的是事实和实际情况相符合real gold, a true story

82. respectful, respectable

respectful尊敬，有礼貌，respectable可敬的，值得尊敬的be respectful to the aged

83. outwards, outward

二者均可用作副词，表示向外，外面，outward还可用作形容词an outward voyage

84. pleasant, pleased, pleasing

pleasant常用作定语，pleased, pleasing常用作表语，pleased主语常为人，pleasing主语常为物

a pleasant trip The trip is pleasing.

85. understanding, understandable

understanding明白事理的，能体谅的，understandable 可理解的，能够懂的

an understanding girl, an understandable mistake

86. close, closely

close接近，靠近，closely紧紧地，紧密地closely connected, stand close

87. ill, sick

ill做表语，sick定，表均可 a sick boy

88. good, well

good形容词，well副词，但指身体状况是形容词He is well again.

89. quiet, silent, still

quiet安静的，可以发出小的声音，silent不发出声音，但可以动，still完全不动，完全无声响

He stand there still. 他站在那儿，一动不动，也不说话。

90. hard, hardly

hard努力，hardly几乎不work hard I can hardly believe it.

91. able, capable

able与不定式to do连用，capable与of连用He is capable of doing…

92. almost, nearly

二者均为"几乎,差不多" 和否定词连用用almost almost nobody

93. late, lately

late迟，晚，lately最近，近来I haven't seen him lately.

94. living, alive, live, lively

living, alive, live均为活着的，living定表均可，alive定表均可，定语后置，live只能做定语，

lively意为活波的all the living people=all the people alive

95. excited, exciting

excited使人兴奋的，exciting令人兴奋的I'm excited. The news is exciting.

96. deep, deeply

deep具体的深，deeply抽象的深，深深地deeply moved, dig deep

97. aloud, loud

aloud出声地，loud大声地read aloud(出声地读)

98. worth, worthy

二者均为值得，worth后接doing，worthy后接to be done, of being done

It is worth visiting. = It's worthy to be visited. = It's worthy of being visited.

99. bad, badly

bad形容词，badly副词，不好，但与need, want, require连用为"很，非常" go bad I need the book badly. 100. before long, long before

before long不久以后，long before很久以前not long before = before long

101. quite, rather

quite完全地，相当于completely, rather修饰比较级quite impossible

102. happy, glad

happy高兴，幸福，定表均可，glad高兴，只能做表语 a happy girl

103. instead, instead of

instead是副词，放在句首或句末，instead of是介词短语，放在句中

He didn't see a film. Instead he watched TV. He watched TV instead of seeing a film.

104. too much, much too

too much 后接不可数名词，much too后接形容词much too heavy

105. be about to, be going to, be to do

be about to表最近的将来，后面不接时间状语，be going to 侧重打算，想法，

be to do侧重意志，计划，安排I'm to meet him.(含双方事先约好的意思)

106. raise, rise

raise及物动词，rise不及物动词The sun rises in the east.

107. bring, take, carry, fetch

bring拿来，take带走，carry随身携带，fetch去回这一往返动作fetch a box of chalk

108. spend, take, pay, cost

spend人做主语，花钱，花时间; spend…on sth./in doing sth; take物做主语，花时间;

pay人做主语，花钱，pay for; cost物做主语，花钱

109. join, join in, take part in

join加入某个组织，并成为其中的一员；join in参加小型的活动,

take part in 参加大型的活动He joined the army five years ago.

110. learn, study

learn学习，侧重学习的结果，study学习，侧重学习的过程，研究

study the problem

111. want, hope, wish

want打算，想要，want to do, want sb. to do, hope希望（通常可以实现），

希望（通常不能实现）wish (sb.) to do, wish sb/sth. + n. I wish you success.

hope to do/ hope that… wish

112. discover, invent, find out

discover发现本来存在但不为人所知的东西，invent发明本来不存在的物体，find out发现，查明

At last he found out the truth.

113. answer, reply

answer及物动词，reply不及物动词，后接to reply to the letter

114. leave, leave for

leave离开，leave for前往He left Beijing for Shanghai.

115. rob, steal

rob抢劫rob sb. of sth.，steal偷steal sth. from sb.

116. shoot, shoot at

shoot射死，shoot at瞄准，但不一定射中He shot the bird and it died.

117. drop, fall

drop及物不及物均可，fall不及物动词Prices fell/dropped. He dropped his voice.

118. search, search for

search后接地点，search for后接东西He searched his pocket for money.

119. used to, be used to sth./doing sth, be used to do sth

used to过去常常，be used to习惯于，后接sth./doing sth.；被用来，后接do sth.

He is used to getting up early.

120. win, lose, beat

win后接sth.，反义词为lose, beat后接sb. win the game, beat them

121. live on, live by

live on以…为主食，live by靠…谋生live on fish/ live by fishing

122. beat, hit, strike

beat连续性地击打；hit打中，对准打；strike打一下或若干下beat the wings

123. meet, meet with

meet遇到，meet with体验到，遭遇到meet with an accident

124. lose, miss

lose失去（具体的物体），错过sth. is lost, lose the chance；miss 想念，错过sth. is missing, miss the chance 125. be tired of, be tired with/from

be tired of厌烦…，be tired with/from因为…而累了be tired with/from running 800 meters

126. care about, care for

care about关心，计较，在乎，一般多用于否定句中；care for关心，照料，喜欢，愿意

He doesn't care about his clothes. I don't care for movies.

127. catch a cold, have a cold

catch a cold不能和表示"一段时间"的状语连用，而have a cold可以

She has had a cold for a week.

128. change for, change into

change for调换成，change into变成Change the shirt for a bigger one. Water changes into ice.

129. continue, last

二者均为持续，continue主动，被动均可，last只能用主动

The war continued/lasted five years. The story is to be continued.

130. feed, raise

feed喂养，养活，饲养(to give food to)，raise饲养，养育(cause to grow, bring up children) raise the family

161. at, in (表地点)

at小地点，in大地点arrive at a small village, arrive in Shanghai

162. at work, in work

at work在工作，在上班，in work 有职业，有工作Both my parents are at work. They are not at home.

163. increase to, increase by

increase to增长到…，increase by增长了… The number increased by 2,000 to 5,000.

164. at ease, with ease

at ease舒适地，安逸地；with ease容易地，无困难地do it with ease

165. day after day, day by day

day after day日复一日（无变化）；day by day一天天地（有变化）Trees grow taller day by day.

166. like, as

like相似关系，但并不等同，as同一关系，两者实为一体Don't treat me as a child. (In fact, I'm a child.) 167. after, in (表时间)

after接时间点，in接时间段after 7:00, in five minutes

168. between, among

between两者之间，三者或三者以上两两之间, among三者或三者以上之间

Switzerland lies between France, Germany, Australia and Italy.

169. after, behind (表位置)

after强调次序的先后，behind强调物体静态位置的前后There are many trees behind the house. 170. since, for (完成时间状语)

since接点时间或一句话，for接一段时间for three years, since 3:00

171. on the corner, in the corner, at the corner

on the corner物体表面的角上，in the corner物体内部的角落里，

at the corner物体外部的角落上（拐角处）on the corner of the table

172. warn sb. of, warn sb. against

warn sb. of提醒某人注意某事，warn sb. against提醒某人不要做某事

warn him against swimming in that part of the river

173. at peace, in peace

at peace平静地，in peace和平地live in peace with one's neighbors

174. on earth, on the earth, in the earth

on earth在世上，在人间，到底，究竟，一点也不，on the earth在地上，在地球上，

in the earth在地下，在泥土里no use on earth

175. in surprise, to one's surprise, by surprise

in surprise惊奇地，to one's surprise使某人吃惊的是，by surprise使…惊慌

The question took the professor by surprise.

176. in the air, on the air, in the sky

in the air正在酝酿中，on the air播送，广播，in the sky在天空中His show is on the air at 6:00 tonight. 177. in the field, on the field

in the field在野外，on the field在战场上He lost his life on the field.

178. in the market, on the market

in the market表示场所或地点，在市场上，on the market出售

He sells fish in the market. Fresh vegetables are on the market now.

179. in the sun, under the sun

in the sun在阳光下，under the sun地球上，全世界people under the sun

180. in a voice, with one voice

in a voice出声地，with one voice异口同声地They refused with one voice.

181. through, across

through穿越空间，across在…上穿过through the forest, across the desert

182. on the way, in the way

on the way在前往…的路上，in the way挡路The chair is in the way.

183. above, on, over

above在上面，不接触，on在上面，接触，over在正上方fly over the hill

184. until, not…until

until到…为止，not…until直到…才（常跟点动词连用）I waited until 3:00. He didn't come until 3:00. 185. besides, except, except for

besides除了…还（包括在内）except除了（不包括在内），except for整体…除了某一点以外

The composition is good except for a few spelling mistakes.

186. weather, if

当是否解时，只有在宾语从句中二者可以互换，其余都用weather，当如果解时用

if I don't know if/whether he will come. If he comes, I'll let you know.

187. and, or

and并且，or或者，否则，常用于否定句中I don't like apples or bananas.

Hurry up and you'll catch the bus. Hurry up or you'll miss the bus.

188. because, since, as, for

原因由强到弱为：because, since/as, for.

在句中的位置如下：1)…because… 2) Since/as…, … 3) …, for… Since I was ill, I didn't go. 189. when, as, while (表时间)

when从句动词点动词，持续性动词均可，as重在表示动作同时发生，伴随进行，

while从句动词为持续性动词While I slept, a thief broke in.

190. the same…as, the same…that

the same…as和…一样的（相似但不同一），the same…that 同一物体

This is the same pen that I used yesterday. (同一支笔)

191. as well, as well as

as well也，常放于句末，和and连用表示既…又；as well as并列连词，不但…而且…　

He is a professor, and a writer as well.

192. such…as, such…that

such…as像…样的，such…that如此…以至于

He is not such a fool as he looks like. He is such a good student that all the teachers like him.

193. because, because of

because连词，连接两句话，because of介词短语，后接词或短语

He didn't go to school because of his illness.

194. in order that, in order to

表目的，in order that后接句子，in order to后接动词原形

I got up early in order to catch the first bus. I got up early so that I could catch the first bus.

195. for example, such as

for example一般只列举一个，such as列举多个例子

I have been to a lot of American cities, such as New York, Atlanta and Chicago.

196. used to, would

表过去常常，和现在相对应用used to，不提现在用would I used to get up early, but now I don't. 197. All right. That's all right. That's right.

All right. That's all right. 当好吧解时，可以替换；当不客气，没关系解时只能用

That's all right. That's right. 那是对的---Sorry. --- That's all right.

198. such…that, so…that

当如此…以至于解时，such…that修饰名词，so…that修饰形容词或副词，但名词前面如果有many, much, little, few修饰用so…that，不用such that

=so lovely a boy

so many people that… such a lovely boy

199. so + be (have, can, do)+主语，neither(nor) + be (have, can, do)+ 主语

也一样，肯定用so…否定用neither (nor) ---I can't play tennis. ---Nor can I.

200. Shall I…? Will you…？

征求对方意见或向对方请示，意为我能…吗？

Shall I…?

Will you…? 请求或建议对方做某事，意为你愿意…吗？Will you help me? Yes, I will.

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