文档库 最新最全的文档下载
当前位置:文档库 › 定于从句和名词性从句

定于从句和名词性从句

定于从句和名词性从句
定于从句和名词性从句

定语从句(形容词性从句)

1概念:修饰某一名词或代词的从句,名词或代词叫先行词,定语从句一般放于先行词后

2引导定于从句的引导词:关系代词关系副词,在句子中起链接作用,又在句子中做成分,关系代词可以做主语、宾语,关系副词可做状语

关系代词:that : He is a man that/who often helps others

which This is the book about which they are talking

who Here is the man whom/that/who you would like to see

whom

whose(of which ) : The house whose windows face the street is my uncle’s

I bought a vase,the price of which was very reasonable

关系副词:

Where=in /on/at which This is the place where(at which)he works.

When=during /in/on which That was the time when (during which )he arrived .

Why =for which This is the reason why(for which) he came

(介词+关系代词which)

在非正式场合that 可以代替when where why ,此时常见的先行词是the place 、the time、the reason,而且that常可省略: This is the place (that) he works.

That was the time (that) he arrived .

This is the reason (that) he came

3如何确定定语从句的引导词

主格who/that He is a man who/that often helps others

人宾格whom who that The boy to whom I spoke is my younger brother 所有格whose Is there anyone in our class whose father is a doctor

事物that It’s a computer (that/which) costs six thousand yuan

Which This is the book about which they are talking

Whose The house whose windows face the street is my uncle’s

时间

地点When I will never forget the day when I met here

Where This is the place where we lived for 5 years

Why I know the reason why she didn’t come yesterday

是比较分析关系代词和关系副词的用法

Do you still remember the days that/which we spent in qingdao ?

Do you still remember the days when we spent summer holiday in qingdao ?

先行词time 和way 后接定语从句的情况

A .The way(that/in which) he explained to us was quite simple. (作宾语)

The way(that/in which)he explained the sentence to us was not difficult to understand.(做状语) 之中的way都译为“方式,方法”

B 先行词是time 的情况,

表“次数”讲的时候,用关系代词that来引导,that可以省略

This is the second time (that) the president has visited the country.

表一段时间,用关系副词when或者at/during+which

This was at a time when/during which there were no radios,no telephones or no TV sets.

4介词+关系代词引导的定语从句

A 当介词放在关系代词之前的时候,介词的宾语只能用which(指物)和whom(指人),关系代词不能省略,即“介词+which/whom”

Is this the house in which Shakespeare was born ?

In the dark street ,there wasn’t a single person to whom she could turn for help

B 当介词位于定语从句之后的时候,可用that/which(指物),that/whom/who(指人)作介词的宾语,且关系代词往往省略。

This is the hero (that/who/whom)we are proud of

This is the pen (that/which)I wrote the letters with

注意:在一些固定搭配的短语里面,由于动词和介词不能分开,因此不能把介词置于关系代词之前。如:This is the pen which I’m looking for

C 介词短语+关系代词which :常与先行词用逗号分开,从句用倒装

He lived in a big house,in front of which stood a big tall tree.

D 介词+which/whom+不定式

The poor man has no house in which to live = The poor man has no house in which he can live

= The poor man has no house to live in

The beggar has no money with which to buy food= The beggar has no money to buy food with = The beggar has no money that/which he can buy food with

5 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别

以上,我们讲的都是限制性定语从句,其对先行词起着补充说明的作用

而,我们将要将的非限制性定语从句对先行词起到的是一个补充说明的作用

He has two sons who work in the same company. (他有两个儿子在同一家公司上班)

He has two sons,who work in the same company.(他有两个儿子,这两个儿子都在同一家公司上班)

This is his father ,who works in New York.

非限制性定语从句的引导词:(任何情况都不能省略)

1.who,whom,which(不能用that来代替)

2.介词+which/whom,结构中,介词不能移到从句的后面

3.When, where也可用于非限制性定语从句

常见,常考which引导的非限制性定语从句

结构:先行词+ ,+which ,(which指代的是整个主句的内容,而不是主句中的一个词)Eg:The weather turned out to be very good ,which was more than we could expect.

6关系副词where 的用法

关系副词Where,不在仅限于比表某地,当先行词表示人、物的situation,事物发展的stage,某事的某方面,都可用where来引导从句,

The accident had s reached to a point where both their parents are to be called in

Where will all this trouble lead ?

You are saying that everyone should be equal,and this is where I disagree.

名词性从句

一种具有名词功能的非独立分句(判断它是什么从句,就看从句在剧中做什么成分)

分类:主语、宾语、表语、同位语

引导词:that (连接作用,无实意,在从句中不充当成分,但是不可省略)

连接代词:who whom whose what which whoever whatever whichever

连接副词:where when how why

主语从句:Who was responsible for the accident is not clear yet

It is quite clear that the crime was done deliberately

宾语:We never doubt that he is honest

I can’t imagine what made him act like that

表语:The fact is that he didn’t notice the car until too late

The mystery is weather he ever went there at all

同位语:they had to face the fact that the nearest filling station is 30 miles away

I have no idea how much of a scholar he is

做介词的宾语:Before I came downstairs I had prepared myself very carefully for what I must say

常见:

1同位语从句中的that 和定语从句中的that 之间的区别

首先,同位语从句中的that 在句中起连接作用,无实意,不充当成分,但不能省略。

而定语从句中的that除了起引导连接的作用之外,还在句中充当宾语或主语,如果是宾语,则可以省略

The news that our football team won the match was encouraging

The news (that) we heard on the radio was not true

That引导同位语从句的时候,应在某些抽象名词之后,比如:fact hope desire thought suggestion idea news problem possibility 等等

2 it 做形式主语的常见句型:

3 If、weather(是否)

It is doubtful weather /if he will come (有or not的时候只能用weather)

Weather 可用在句首,而if 不能

Weather he will come is doubtful

4 宾语从句的否定转移

定语从句和名词性从句练习及答案(推荐文档)

you visited the other day? A. that B. where C. in which D. the one some foreign friends visited last Friday? A. that B. where C. which D. the one A. two of whom B. both of whom C. both of which D. all of whom 11. Who can think of a situation A. which B. that C. where D. in that A. That; surprises B. What; surprising C. How; are surprised D. That; is surprised 13. The thought ____ Lao Gao would open a Sichuan restaurant in Los Angeles surprised his wife A. that B. what C. whether D. if 1. Is this the factory 2. Is this factory 3. Is this the factory he worked ten years ago? A. that B. where C. which D. the one 4. The wolves hid themselves in the places couldnt be found. A. that B. where C. in which D. in that 5. Here is so difficult a question A. that no one can answer B. which nobody can answer it C. as no one can answer it D. as nobody can answer 6. The reason is ___ he is unable to operate the machine. A. because B. why C. that D. whether 7. Antarctic __ we know very little is covered with thick ice all the year round. A. which B. where C. that D. about which 8. May the fourth is the day _ we Chinese people will never forget. A. which B. when C. on which D. about which 9. We are going to spend the Spring Festival in Guangzhou, __ live my grandparents and some relatives. A. which B. that C. who D. where 10. He has two sons, work as chemists. this idiom can be used? 12. people spend so much money on their pets us a lot.

定语从句与名词性从句的区别

名词性从句里面各个连接词的区分 陈述语气 That +陈述语气(肯定语气): 空气污染对气候有很大影响是明摆的事实。 真可惜我们不能去游泳. 特殊疑问词+ever whoever, whatever, …… 无论谁触犯了法律都应该被惩罚。 疑问语气 Whether 和if 你是否接受她的邀请与我无关。 People are involving in a debate aboutwhether parent should parents make suggestions to teachers. 特殊疑问词 Who 谁泄漏了那个消息还不得而知。 where 我不知道要去哪里。 What 我也在质疑近来她都在做什么。 I am doubting what she is doing. It is your heart that makes you noble. What makes you noble is your heart. 我不知道要选择哪一个

How, 我不知道该怎么做 Why 1)为什么他走得那么匆忙是一个问题。 可以在后面加上疑问语气的同位从句的先行词有哪些? Issue,problem,question,puzzle, debate,doubt 延伸:名词性从句省略主语的情况: I don’t know what to do. I don’t know what I can do. 条件是,从句里的主语和主句的主语是一样的。 非谓语动词作状语,当主干的主语与非谓语的主语一致,可以省略非谓语里面的主语,否则,应当在非谓语前面加上非谓语的主语。 Playing basketball,Mike is strong. Weather permitting, I will go out for a picnic. 时间状语从句:主干的主语与非谓语的主语一致 While eating an apple, I was playing football. 事实上是对While I was eating an apple, I was playing football. 的省略。 同位语重句

定语从句和名词性从句中关系词的用法

定语从句和名词性从句中关系词的用法? 定语从句,主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句,同位语从句分别用哪些关系词?如何用? 特别是that和what的区别 在英语教学中,关系词常常是学生容易混淆的问题。在某些情况下,学生常常不知道该使用那一个关系词,这个问题常是教学中的重点或难点。因此,本文就学生在学习关系词“that”、“which”、“whose”、“what” 时经常容易出现问题的几个难点部分进行分析,以便于教学中让学生注意区别它们的用法。 一.在定语从句中关系词用法的差异 1.关系代词“that” 与“which” 的区别 在限定性定语从句中,我们知道关系词指代人时,常用who、whom 、whose (或that),指代物时常用whi ch 或that 。例如: 例1.Where is the girl who / that sells the tickets? (卖票的女孩子在哪?) 例2.I’ve lost bananas which / that I bought this morning. (我把今天早上买的香蕉丢了。) 在上述两个例子中who 和which都可以由that 替代。但是当先行词是all、little、few 或是由every(thin g)、any(thing)、no(thing)、none、much、only 修饰时,关系词要用that不能用which 。例如: 例3.Is this all that is left? (是不是就剩下这一个了?) 例4.Have you got anything that belongs to me? (你那有我什么东西吗?) 例5.The only thing that matters is to find our way home .(只有一件事最重要,那就是找到回家的路。) 除上述情况外,当先行词由序数词或最高级修饰时,关系词必须用that(见例6和例7)。 例6.The first thing that we should do is to work out a plan . (我们应该做的第一件事是定个计划/ 我们应该首先定个计划。) 例7.This is the best film (that) I’ve ever seen . (这是我看过的最好的影片。)此句中的that 在从句中做宾语,可以省略。 2.关系副词与关系代词的区别 在定语从句中,当先行词是人或物时,从句的引导词用关系代词;而当先行词是表示时间和地点时,常用关系副词引导。但有时常遇到先行词是表示时间或地点的名词,关系词却要用关系代词。请看例句: 例1.This is the place where we worked last year.(这是我去年工作过的地方。) 例2.This is the place which / that we visited last year.(这是我去年参观过的地方。) 上述两个句子的主句相同,先行词都是place ,但是它在两个从句中的功用不同。例1中的place 指的是从句中谓语动词发生动作的地点(… worked in the place),因此,关系词要用关系副词where (= in wh ich)。而例2中的place是从句谓语动词的宾语(…visited the place),关系词指代的是动作的承受对象,所以要用关系代词which或that ,不能用关系副词where 。 例3.I still remember the day when Nanjing was liberated.(我一直记着南京解放的那一天。) 例4.I still remember the day which / that we spend together.(我一直记着我们共同度过的时光。) 例3中的day 在从句中做状语(表示…on the day) ,所以用when 。例4 中的day 是从句中spend 的宾语(…spend the day) ,所以要用which 或that 。 由此,我们可以看出:当先行词是表示时间或地点的名词时,用关系代词还是用关系副词引导定语从句,要根据先行词在句子中的功用。当先行词在从句中表示的是时间或地点(在从句中做状语)时,要用关系副词;当先行词在从句中做宾语(表示动作的承受者,有时先行词在从句中做主语)时,就要用关系代词。 3.在非限定性定语从句中指物时只能用which

名词性从句与定语从句区别练习

名词性从句专项练习Ⅱ 1. Police have found _________ appears to be the lost ancient statue. 2. _______ makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer. 3. Experts believe _______ people can waste less food by shopping only when it is necessary. 4. _________ struck me most in the movie was the father’s deep love his son. 5. It’s good to know _______ the dogs will be well cared for while we away. 6. the only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief _____ you are better than anyone else on the sports field. 7. Do not let any failures discourage you, for you can never tell _____ close you may be to victory. 8. From space, the earth looks blue. This is about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by water. 9. _____ one of you breaks the window will have to pay for it. 10. It remains to be seen _____ the newly formed committee’s policy be put into practice. 11. It is by no means clear ______ the president can do to end the strike. 12. The limits of a person’s intelligence, generally speaking, are fixed at birth, but ____ he reached these limits will depend on his environment.

经典英语名词性从句

名词性从句在复合句中具有名词的性质的作主语、表语、同位语、宾语的从句叫名词性从句。因此,我们把主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句和宾语从句这四种从句统称为名词性从句。 主语从句(subject clauses)在复合句中起主语作用的从句叫主语从句。引导主语从句的词有从属连词、、关系代词、连接副词等。引导主语从句的关联词有从属连词that、whether,关系代词:who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever;关系副词:when, where, how, why, however, whenever, wherever等。 That you don’t like him is none of my business.你不喜欢她不管我的事。 What he said is true. 他说的是真的。 Do you remember how he arrived almost at the end of the party?你记得他几乎是在宴会快结束时才到的吗? This party's really where it's at, man! 啊,这个晚会真棒!Tell us how you fulfilled the heavy task ahead of schedule.告诉我们,你们是怎样提前完成这一艰巨任务的。 We have reason to believe that the fighting on the border may develop into a full-blown war. (喻)我们有理由相信边境上的冲突可能发展成一场全面战争。 He said that he would come. 他说他要来。

定语从句和名词性从句的区别和练习复习进程

定语从句(Attributive Clauses)在句中做定语,修饰一个名词或代词,被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。 e.g. She is the girl who talked to me yesterday. 名词性从句(Noun Clauses)---主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句在句中做主语、宾语、表语和同位语的成份。 e.g. I don’t know who she is. (宾语) This is why I came here.(表语) 区别: 第一,定语从句有先行词,且先行词可以放入后面的从句中使从句完整; 名词性从句中的主语从句、表语从句和宾语从句没有先行词,同位语从句有先行词但在从句中不做成分。 e.g. The news that they told me excited me. (the news可以放入从句中,使句子完整,即they told me the news) The news that our team won excited me. (the news无法放入从句中,所以是同位语从句) 第二,在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句(Noun Clauses)。名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等,因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能 定语从句是由关系代词和关系副词引导的从句,其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分,定语从句分为限定性和非限定性从句两种。 第三,最关键也是最重要的区别: 1.名词性从句和定语从句的最本质的不同点在于,前者在句子中做名词,而后者相当于形容词,修饰或限制名词或代词。名词性从句由that引导时,通常不充当从句的句子成分,故that 可省去。但定语从句由that引导时,如在从句中充当主语时,则that不能省去。 2.使用中最大的区别:定语从句由于在句子中只作定语,故去掉它,整个句子还完整,就像普通的句子去掉一个定语不影响原句的完整性一样。但名词性从句由于它们充当的是句子的骨干成分(主语,宾语或表语),故去掉它们,原句就不通了。如下面的A句,去掉了主语从句That he has become a rich man ,原句变成is known to all in our town。就失去了完整性。而B句,去掉定语从句部分that is on the desk后,原句变成The pen is mine还是通的。 A:That he has become a rich man is known to all in our town . B:The pen that is on the desk is mine .

【英语】 名词性从句测试题及答案

【英语】名词性从句测试题及答案 一、名词性从句 1._______ is troubling me is ______ I don't understand ________ he said A. What; that; what B. What; what; what C. That; that; what D. Why; that; which 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意:我烦恼的是我不明白他说的话。第一空是主语从句,从句中缺主语,要用What;第二空是表语从句,从句不缺成分,所以要填that;第三空是宾语从句,从句中的动词understand缺宾语,要填what。故选A。 【点评】考查名词性从句,本题涉及主语从句,表语从句和宾语从句的应用。 2.________ is known to us all that the old scientist, for ________ life was hard in the past, still works hard in his eighties. A. As; whose B. It; whose C. As; whom D. It; whom 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意:我们都知道,那位老科学家,过去生活很艰苦,到了八十多岁还在努力工作。第一空it is known to us all that…是个固定句型,意为“众所周知…”;第二空为介词+关系代词引导的定语从句,先行词the old scientist指人,作介词for的宾语,只能用whom,故选D。 【点评】考查名词性从句和定语从句,本题涉及固定句式it is known to us all that…和whom引导的限制性定语从句。 3.Some people believe _______ has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future. A. whatever B. whenever C. wherever D. no matter what 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意:一些人认为之前发生的或现在正在发生的任何事情在将来都会重复发生。Whatever has happened before or is happening now是一个主语从句,whatever既引导起这个主语从句,也在句中做主语。BC项都属于副词的性质,都不能做主语,通常只能做状语;no matter what只能用来引导状语从句,故选A。 【点评】考查名词性从句,本题涉及"特殊疑问词+ever"引导的主语从句。 4.It________that the road will be closed tomorrow for repairs. A. was announced B. has been announced C. had been announced D. would be announced 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】本题考查动词的时态和语态。题干句子中that到句子结束是宾语从句,且从句动词用“will+动词原形”表示将来,由此推断出空白处谓语动词应用现在的某种时

定语从句和名词性从句

定语从句 定语从句的分类:限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 一、关系代词that和which 1、中用that的情况 1)先行词是all,much ,little,the one,anything, something, nothing, everything, none等不定代词时 2)先行词被形容词最高级以及first,last ,any, only, few, much, no, some, very等词修饰时。3)在there be句型中,只用that, 不用which.。 4)先行词既有人又有物时。 5)在“it is +名词+定语从句+定语从句”的强调结构中,后一定语从句要用that 如:it is only a man who is quite experienced that can fulfill this task. 2、只能用which的情况 1)如果关系代词紧跟在介词后,只能用which或whom,不能用that或who。 2)引导非限制性定语从句时 3)先行词是集体名词时,指整天,关系代词用which,指集体中的各个成员,则用who 3、关系代词和关系副词的省略 1)关系代词which,whom,who,that,在定语从句中作直接宾语时可以省略。 2)当that在从句中作补语时可以省略。 3)在there be结构中出现定语从句,或在定语从句中出现there be时,用做主语的冠词代词。 4)当先行词是reason,而且定语从句中作状语时,关系代词可用why或that,也可以省略。5)当先行词是way,且在定语从句中作方式状语时,关系代词可用in which或that,也可以省略。 6)注意:当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,不省略。 7)当先行词表示时间时,关系代词可用when或有时用that,有时也可以用省略。 8)先行词表示地点时,关系代词可用where或有事用that,有时也可以省略。 二、关系代词as 1、引导限定性定语从句 1)构成the same...as, such...as结构,as用于代替指人或物的先行词。 2)比较the same ...as 和the same...that This is the same book as I read last week 这和我上周读的那本书是一样的。 This is the same book that I read last week 这就是我上周读的那本书。 3)如果先行词表示抽象概念,则没有这种区别 She told me the same story as /that she had told you I had th same difficulty that /as you had lat year. 2、非限制性定语从句 关系代词as引导非限定性定语从句时,用于代替整个主句,意思是“正如”,as从句位置较之which引导的非限制性定语从句更加灵活,因而as从句可以指后面将要提到的内容。 3、有关as的常用词组 As is known to all 众所周知 As is often the case 情况常常如此 As the name indicate/suggests 顾名思义 As may be imagined 可以想象得出 As often happens 这种情况常常发生

(完整版)定语从句与名词性从句专项练习题

从句 定语从句专项练习题 一、语法填空 I、用适当的关系词填空: 1、This is the professor taught me chemistry in 1980 . 2、The hospital was built five years ago has been modernized. 3、This is the boy father died three years ago. 4、The film we saw the day before yesterday is very interesting. 5、Do you know the student was praised at the meeting? 6、1949 is the year the People’s Republic of China was founded. 7、They work in a factory makes radio parts. 8、They work in a factory radio parts are made. 9、This is the vision phone through we can see and talk to our friends. 10、Here are players from Japan, some of are our old friends. 11、She lives in a small village, is only three miles from here. 12、She is going to spend the summer holidays in Shanghai, she has some friends. 13、We’ll put off the meeting till next week, we won’t be so busy. 14、The sun gives the earth light and heat, is very important to the living things.

【人教版】2020高考英语名词性从句—宾语从句(含解析)

宾语从句 李仕才 一、单选题 1.Before our study we did not have data that could tell us __ those changes were small or large . A. that B. how C. when D. whether 2.Sorry I'm so late, but you cannot imagine great trouble I took to find your house. A. which B. how C. what D. that 3.The poor young man is ready to accept ______help he can get. A. whichever B. however C. whatever D. whe never 4.How long do you think the Microsoft brings out a new product? A. it will be before B. will it be until C. will it be when D. it will be that 5.Captain John Smith was among the first to settle in ______ is called New England now. A. which B. what C. the place where D. where 6.People who can see with their eyes can't understand practical use Braille can be of for the blind. A. what B. how C. that D. whether 7.—Could you check my list to see I have forgotten anything? —No problem. A. whether B. which C. that D. what 8.“I did not know _______ tears were, for I lived in the Palace of Sans-Souci, _______ sorrow is not allowed to enter”, said the Happy Prince. A. what; when B. what; where C. how; where D. that; when 9.We don't know they did it. A. which B. who C. what D. how 10.Where do you think _____ the school uniform? A. Tom put B. did Tom put C. that did Tom

名词性从句和定语从句的例句及练习

That you don’t like him has nothing to do with me. Whether John will do this experiment remains a question. Who will be sent abroad to further his studies is not announced. What surprised me most was that such a little girl could play the violin so well. Which school will win the prize is not known. Whose dictionary has not been found is still unknown. Whichever you take will be yours. Whoeve r wants this book may take it. Whatever was said here must be kept secret. When they will start hasn’t been decided yet. How he managed to finish the composition in such a short time is still a mystery. He has told me that he will go to Shanghai tomorrow. I want to know what he has told you. She will give whoever needs help a warm support. The fact is that we have lost the game. That is why he didn’t come to the meeting. It looks as if it is going to rain. The question is whether we can rely on him. The news that we won the game is exciting. The problem whether we should continue to do the experiment has been solved Is he the man who/that wants to see you? He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. Please pass me the book whose (of which)cover is green. A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. Beijing is the place where(in which)I was born. I shall never forget the day when ( on which ) we first met. Is this the reason why (for which)he refused our offer? As we know, smoking is harmful to one\'s health. The sun heats the earth, which is very important to us. 1. some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others. A. Whether B. What C. That D. / 2.John let out the news annoys all of us. A. Whether B. What C. That D. / 1.It is obvious to the students ______ they should get well prepared for their future. A. / B. which C. whether D. that 1..Having checked the doors were closed, and all the lights were off, the boy opened th e door to his bedroom.

定语从句和名词性从句经典对比练习

定语从句和名词性从句对比练习(经典) I.定语从句与其他相似易混结构比较 1.定语从句与并列结构 1) She won the first prize in the speech contest and______ surprised us. A. which B. it C. as D. who 2) She won the first prize in the speech contest, ______ surprised us. A. which B. whom C. them D. what 2.定语从句与结果状语从句 1) This is such an interesting book ______ all of us want to read. A. as B. which C. that D. what 2)This is such an interesting book ______ all of us want to read it .

A. as B. which C. that D. what 3.定语从句与地点状语从句 1) He advised me to live ________ the air is fresher. A. in where B. in which C. the place where D. where 2) He advised me to live in the place ______ the air is fresher. A. in where B. in that C. where D. which 4.定语从句与主语从句 1) ______ is known to everyone that Taiwan is part of China. A. As B. Which C. It D. What

重点高中英语语法之名词性从句

重点高中英语语法之名词性从句

————————————————————————————————作者:————————————————————————————————日期: 2

3 高中英语语法之名词性从句 第一节 基本知识与基本概念 【什么是名词性从句?】 上一章,我们了解的是定语从句,加上我们以前了解的宾语从句和状语从句,好像“名词性从句”这个概念本身就和我们所熟知的概念不是一路货色。没错。请看下表: 根据从句在句子中的功能分 根据从句的性质分 定语从句 形容词性从句 主语从句 名词性从句 宾语从句 表语从句 同位语从句 状语从句 副词性从句 只是,在平时老师讲课时,形容词性从句和副词性从句并没有形成气候罢了。相比之下,名词性从句由于“家丁兴旺”而大行其道。但是,作为学生,我们有必要了解这些基本概念的来龙去脉。 【主语从句】 顾名思义,主语从句在句子中作主语。有时本身出现在主语的位置上,也有时出于句子结构的考虑退到句子的尾部,前面用形式主语it 代替。从句作主语时,谓语动词一般为单数形式。如: What I saw was beyond any verbal description. That his hair was turning grey worried him a bit. Why the company denied the contract is still unknown. When and where the government will build a city square is under discussion. It is pretty annoying that a small part of the machine is missing. It remains to be seen whether the new novel will be well received. 【宾语从句】 在句子中作宾语的从句就是宾语从句。由于这是同学们接触比较早的一种从句,应该问题不大。所以在近年的高考题中,以宾语从句的知识作为考点的题目较少。但是,宾语从句也有自己的特殊情况,如介词的宾语,形容词的宾语,宾语从句提前和并列的宾语从句等现象。如: We assumed that there would be more than 100 guests. He told the police in detail what he saw and heard. Nobody is sure what humans will look like in a million years. That will depend on whether they can get the chance. Whether I will have the time I am not sure at the moment. The conductor complained that we were not gifted in singing and that he would never come again. 【表语从句】

定语从句和名词性从句的区别和比较

定语从句和名词性从句 考点一关系代词引导的定语从句 1.whose是一个表示所属关系的词,在定语从句中作定语,of which可以代替whose指物,词序一般是名词+of which或of which+名词。of whom 可以代替whose指人,词序是名词+of whom。 Many children,whose parents are away working in big cities,are taken good care of in the village. 父母亲在大城市里打工的许多孩子在村庄里被照顾的非常好。 The old temple whose roof was damaged in a storm is now under repair. 那座在暴风雨中屋顶受损的古庙现在正在维修中。 2.which,that所代替的先行词是表示事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等。 先行词既有人又有物时,关系代词用that;which代指前面整个句子内容。 They talked for about an hour of things and people that they remembered in the school.关于他们记得的上学时的人和事,他们讨论了一小时。 The Internet is a huge computer system which/that allows millions of people around the world to share information. 因特网是一个庞大的计算机系统,它使得世界上成千上万的人们共享信息成为可能。3.who,whom,that这些词代替的先行词是表示人的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等。 The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people,many of whom left their village homes for a better life in the city. 近千人在这一社区居住,他们当中很多都是从农村老家来城市寻求更好的日子的。 考点二介词提前了的定语从句 1.与定语从句中的动词构成搭配。 In the dark street,there wasn't a single person to whom she could turn for help.在漆黑的大街上没有一个人能为她提供帮助。 2.与定语从句所修饰的先行词构成搭配。 Patience,without which you can't do the work well,is a kind of quality. 耐心是一种品质。没有了耐心,你不能做好工作。 3.of+which/whom表示所属关系。(表所属关系也可用whose) Recently I bought an ancient vase,the price of which(=whose price)was very reasonable. 最近我买了个古老的花瓶,它的价钱很合理。 考点三关系副词引导的定语从句 1.关系副词在定语从句中作状语,when指时间,where指地点,why指原因,在定语从句中分别作时间状语、地点状语和原因状语。 Occasions are quite rare when I have time to spend a day with my kids. 我有时间和孩子们一起度过一天的机会很少。 After graduation I'd like to find a job where I can use what I have learnt at school.毕业后我要找到一份能利用在学校所学知识的一份工作。 2.先行词是时间名词或地点名词时,如果在从句中不作状语,则不能用when或where引导定语从句,而要用which/that。 Is this the reason(that /which)he gave us for the delay of the project?

相关文档
相关文档 最新文档