托福词汇表

托福阅读分类词汇汇总

一，建筑学词汇(上)

architect 建筑师 architecture 建筑学

arch 拱形baroque style 巴洛克

rococo style 洛可可 pillar post 柱

bar tendon 钢筋construction 建造

icon 肖像，画像 coin:硬币statue 雕像

dam 坝 tunnel 隧道

canyon、gorge 峡谷monument 纪念碑

church 教堂abbey 教堂

landmark 路标里程碑suspension bridge 悬浮桥

beam 梁dome vault 穹顶

granite 花岗岩collapse 坍塌

magnificent 壮丽的 reinforce 加强

stable 稳定的absorber 减震器

masterpiece 杰作,名著skyscraper 摩天大楼

sideways 侧面的 erect 盖，树立

peg 钉，栓sway 摇晃

upright 垂直的vertical 垂直的

wedge 三角木storey 层

eave 屋檐watchtower 瞭望塔

staircase 楼梯overhang 悬垂

roof 屋顶trunk 树干

craftsman 工匠column 圆柱

flex 弯曲 concept 概念

concrete 混凝土toughened glass 钢化玻璃

建筑学词汇(下)

aerial view/bird eye view 鸟瞰图

symbol 象征

statue\sculpture 雕塑

blueprint 蓝图

sketch 草图

building orientation 建筑朝向

building structure 建筑结构

civil 土木

water supply and drainage 给排水

plot plan 总图

H.V.A.C (heating、ventilation and air conditioning) 采暖通风

electric power supply 电力供应 electric lighting 电气照明

telecommunication 电讯 instrument 仪表

heat power supply 热力供应civil architecture 民用建筑

piping 管道 fire-prevention 防火

aseismatic, quake-proof 防震 anti-corrosion 防腐

dump-proof 防潮 water-proof 防水

dust-proof 防尘 rust-proof 防锈

pedestrian volume 人流量 perspective drawing 透视图wind load 风荷载 scheme, draft 方案

bearing wall 承重墙 balcony 阳台

marble 大理石 granite 花岗岩

reinforced concrete 钢筋混凝土

医学类词汇（上）

microbe/bacteria/germ 细菌

health and well-being 健康

improper or unhealthy diet 不健康的饮食

artificial chemicals 人工化学品（添加剂）

poisonous 有毒的

taste enhancer 味觉提高剂

protein 蛋白质

fat 脂肪

mineral 矿物质

vitamin 维他命

ingredient 成分

vegetarian 素食主义者

overweight 超重

obesity 肥胖

poor dietary habit 不良饮食习惯

be on a diet 节食减肥

cut lifespan 减少寿命

proper nutrition 适当营养

calorie 卡路里

organ 器官

heart 心

liver 肝

maintain physical fitness 保持身体健康

high-calorie intake 高卡路里的摄入

artificial sweetener 人工增甜剂

医学类词汇（下）

organ 器官

heart 心

liver 肝

lung 肺

kidney 肾

cell 细胞，蜂窝

nerve 神经

cancer 癌症

heart attack 心脏病

diabetes 糖尿病

stroke 中风

asthma 哮喘

pneumonia 肺炎

hepatitis 肝炎

influenza/flu 流感

immune system 免疫系统

cholesterol 胆固醇

metabolic 新陈代谢

sleeplessness/insomnia 失眠

blood circulation 血液循环

chronic illness 慢性病

renew one’s energy恢复精力

physical activity 体育活动

prevalence of disease 疾病的流行

cut the risk of suffering…(heart attack) 降低患..风险hypertension—high blood pressure 高血压

foods low in fat and high in fibre低脂肪高纤维食物

lower the immune response 降低免疫力

动物学词汇（上）

species 种类

degenerate 退化

breed 物种，繁殖

food chain 食物链

mammal 哺乳动物

wild animal 野生动物

living creature 生物

mature 成熟

immature 不成熟的

habitat 栖息地

inhabit 栖息于，居住在

evolve 进化

evolution 进化

instinct 本能

feature 特点

ability—capacity 能力

reproduction 繁殖

appetite 食欲

digestion 消化

offspring/ descendent 后代

grub 幼兽

cub 幼兽

predator 掠夺者

prey 被掠夺者

migrate--migration 迁徙

aggression 侵略

hatch 孵化

hibernation 冬眠

chew 咀嚼

biological diversity 生物多样性

动物学词汇（中）

sense 感官

hormone 荷尔蒙

intelligence 智慧

emotion 情感

joint 关节

limb 四肢

muscle 肌肉

nerve 神经

organ 器官

vulnerable 易受伤害的

mate 交配伙伴

gene 基因

identify rings 身份标志圈

aquaria 水族馆

marine 海洋的

life expectancy 寿命

life span 寿命

fur 皮毛

imitate 模仿

mimicry 模仿

turtle 海龟

mimic 模仿的

die out 灭绝

pest 害虫

pesticide 杀虫剂

insect 昆虫

conservation 保护

mammal 哺乳动物

reindeer 驯鹿

rhinoceros 犀牛

reptile 爬行动物；卑鄙的人

crocodile 鳄鱼

chameleon 变色龙

batrachia 无尾两栖类，蛙类

lizard 蜥蜴

exist—existence 生存

extinct—extinction 灭绝

visual and acoustic faculty 视觉和听觉能力

endangered rare species 稀有濒危物种

cognition—recognition 认知，再认知

动物学词汇（下）

turtle 海龟

dinosaur 恐龙

family 科

class 纲

order 目

suborder 亚目

genus 种，类

spine 脊骨

toe 脚趾

bill 鸟嘴

beak 鸟嘴，喙

scale 鳞片；障眼物

ox 牛

dolphin 海豚

plankton 浮游生物

mule 骡

donkey 驴

zebra 斑马

reindeer 驯鹿

giraffe 长颈鹿

camel 骆驼

puma美洲豹

leopard 豹

tiger 虎

squirrel松鼠

eagle 鹰

snake 蛇

turtle 龟

cow 母牛

goose 鹅

swan天鹅

oviparity卵生

viviparity 胎生

grease 动物脂；脂肪

考古学词汇(上)

archeology 考古学

archeologist 考古学家

artifact 人造物品

relic 遗物，遗迹；纪念物vestige 遗迹，痕迹excavate 挖掘

carve 刻，雕刻

temple 庙 kingdom/realm王国

empire 王国

emperor 国王

pharaoh法老

the Niles 尼罗河

pyramid 金字塔

statue 雕像statute：法令，法规，条例

chart 绘图

skull 头脑；头骨

antique 古物，古董

warship 祭拜

site地址、遗址

exhume掘出

unearth 发掘，发现

scoop 汲取；挖掘

indigenous 当地人

antiquity 古代，古老，古代的文物

offspring/descendent 后代

考古学词汇(下)

dwelling 住所

dweller 居民

savages 野蛮人

disclosure 揭露

remains 残余；遗迹

remnant 残余；遗迹

remainder残余，剩余物reminder：暗示，提醒的人/物，催单

residue 残余

primitive 原始的，最初的primate：大主教，灵长类的动物，首领，灵长目动物的，首要的，prehistoric 史前的，陈旧的

archaic 古老的，陈旧的

medieval 中世纪的，仿中世纪的；老式的

originate 起源，发生

excavation 挖掘，挖掘成的洞；出土文物

vestige 遗迹，痕迹

trace痕迹，踪迹

primordial 原始的 primitive 原始的，最初的

primeval 原始的

chronological 按年代顺序排列的

Paleolithic 旧石器时代的

Mesolithic 中石器时代

Neolithic 新石器时代

invaluable 无价的，价值无法衡量的

precious 宝贵的，贵重的

人类文明学词汇

civilization 文明

ancient 古老的

artifact 人工制品

indigenous 当地的

customs 风俗

dweller 居民，土著人

antique 古老的，古董

tribe 部落

folklore/folktale 民间传说

folkway 社会风俗

sociology 社会学

urban 城市的

urbanization 都市化

rural 乡下的，田园的

migration 迁徙

immigration 移民

community 社会

ethics 伦理学

metropolitan 大都市的

convention 传统

patriarchic 家长的，族长的

institutionalize 使制度化

clan 宗族

matrimony 婚礼

polygamous 一夫多妻的，一妻多夫的地理学词汇(上)

location--locate 地点

North Pole 北极

South Pole 南极

Antarctic 南极的

Arctic 北极的

globe 地球，地球仪

global 全球的

the Pacific Ocean 太平洋

the Atlantic Ocean 大西洋

the Arctic Ocean 北冰洋

Oceanica 大洋洲

continent 大陆

height 高度

hemisphere 半球

equator 赤道

horizon 地平线

tropical 热带的typical:典型的

subtropical 亚热带的

altitude 海拔

latitude 纬度

longitude 经度

day length 白昼长度

environmental conservation 环境保护

ecological balance 生态平衡

global warming 全球变暖

existence—exist 存在

extinction—extinct 灭绝

environmental issues 环境问题

greenhouse effect 温室效应

soil erosion--erode 水土流失、侵蚀

acid rain 酸雨

climate change 气候变化

deforestation 滥砍滥伐

air contamination 空气污染

air pollution 空气污染

地理学词汇下

water supply 水供给

hurricane 飓风

typhoon 台风

El Nino 厄尔尼诺

earthquake 地震

volcano 火山

storm 暴风雨

thunder 打雷

lightening 闪电

indigenous 当地的，本土的

human activity 人类活动

dweller 居民，村民

ecosystem 生态系统

humid 潮湿的

humidity 湿度

moisture 潮湿

rainfall 降雨量

fog 雾

frost 霜

hurricane 飓风

typhoon 台风

shower 雷阵雨

air pressure 气压

axis 地轴

magnetic field 磁场

deterioration of environment 环境恶化

the Northern Hemisphere 北半球

TOEFL核心词汇21天突破(完整版)

TOEFL核心词汇21天突破（第一天） 前言：每天只要你2小时，2个小时平均分成四大块，每一块只要你30分钟，够吧，那就背咯！ 另外：我没有背单词的技巧，用的就是最基础的方法——拼读，并且每晚吃完饭洗完澡之后就打开电脑，一边打字一边跟读一边背，这样用一分钟打完一个单词，也就记住了一个；之后打完第一块约还有一两分钟再回顾一遍又再接着打第二块。当然咯，每个人都有自己背单词的方法，适合自己的才是最好的，让我们一起坚持21天吧！——陈卿练 第一天 （30分钟，尼玛一共26个单词，难道一分钟背一个你都做不到？） abandon——n. 狂热；放任vt. 遗弃；放弃 accumulate——vt. 积攒vi. 累积；积聚 adverse——adj. 不利的；相反的；敌对的（名词adverseness，副词adversely）amazing——adj. 令人惊异的v. 使吃惊（amaze的ing形式） approve——vi. 批准；赞成；满意vt. 批准；赞成；为…提供证据 assemble——vt. 集合，聚集；装配；收集vi. 集合，聚集 avid——adj. 渴望的，贪婪的；热心的 barter——n.贸易；物物交换；vt. 以…作为交换；vi. 进行易货贸易；讨价还价biography——n. 传记；档案；个人简介 boulder——n. 卵石，大圆石；巨砾 bulb——n. 电灯泡；鳞茎；球状物vi. 生球茎；膨胀成球状 can——v. 开罐aux. 能,可以n. 罐头,开罐器 casualty——n. 意外事故；伤亡人员；急诊室 chance——n. 机会；运气，侥幸；可能性vt. 偶然发生；冒…的险vi. 碰巧；偶然被发现civilian——adj. 民用的；百姓的，平民的n. 平民，百姓 conceive——vt. 怀孕；构思；以为；持有vi. 怀孕；设想；考虑 consecutive——adj. 连贯的；连续不断的 convention——n. 大会；惯例；约定；协定；习俗 crab——n. 螃蟹，脾气乖戾的人；起重机vt. 抱怨；破坏；使偏航vi. 捕蟹；发牢骚；抱怨curriculum——n.课程 defend——v.保卫（国家等）；防御，防守，保护…使免于 detect——v.发觉，发现，检定 discipline——n. 学科；纪律；训练；惩罚vt. 训练，训导；惩戒 divert——vt. 转移；使…欢娱；使…转向vi. 转移 dynamic——adj. 动态的；动力的；动力学的；有活力的n. 动态；动力emanate——vt. 放射，发散vi. 发出；散发；发源 （第二个30分钟，也是26个单词，允许你上4分钟厕所，手机别掉了，注意防水）entail——vt. 必需，使承担；[律]限定继承n. 限定继承，限定继承权；限定继承的财产etch——vt. 蚀刻；鲜明地描述；铭记vi. 蚀刻n. 刻蚀；腐蚀剂 exploit——vt. 利用、开发，开拓；剥削；开采n. 勋绩；功绩 fantasy——n. 幻想；白日梦；adj. 虚幻的vt. 空想；vi. 耽于幻想；奏幻想曲flap——n. 拍打，拍打声；副翼vi. 拍动；（帽边等）垂下vt. 拍打；扔；拉下帽边；飘动forage——n. 饲料；草料；搜索vi. 搜寻粮草；搜寻 fuel——vi. 得到燃料vt. 供以燃料，加燃料n. 燃料；刺激因素 genre——n. 类型；流派；风俗画adj. 风俗画的；以日常情景为主题的 gradient——n. 梯度；坡度；倾斜度adj. 倾斜的；步行的 hang——vt. 悬挂，垂下；装饰；绞死；vi. 悬着，垂下；被绞死；n. 悬挂；暂停，中止herb——n. 香草，药草 household——adj. 家庭的；日常的；王室的n. 家庭；一家人 imagine——vt. 想像；猜想；臆断vi. 想像；猜想；想像起来 incentive——n. 动机；刺激adj. 激励的；刺激的 initial——adj. 最初的；字首的vt. 用姓名的首字母签名n. 词首大写字母 insult——vt. 侮辱；辱骂；损害n. 侮辱；凌辱；无礼

托福阅读高频词汇

A break with 分开a departure from Abundant 丰富的,充裕的plentiful Accelerated 加速increased Accessible易接近的,可靠近的available Accordingly 因此,从而consequently Accordingly 因此for that reason Account for 解释,说明explain Accumulated 积聚,积累built up Acute 敏锐的,剧烈的intense Adequate 充分的,足够的sufficient Adhere 坚持stick Administered 管理managed Adorned 装修decorated Advent 出现,到来arrival Adversely 逆向/反的negatively Aesthetically 美学的,艺术的artistically Affront 侮辱,冒犯insult Agents 动因,代理人causes Aided 帮助的helped Alert 警惕ware Allay 减轻,减少reduce Altered 改变changed Alternative 选择：option Altogether 完全的completely Annihilate 消灭,征服conquer Antecedent 先行的的,先辈predecessor Apace with 快速的,急速的as fast as Appeal 吸引attraction Appealing吸引人的attractive Apply to 应用于used for Appreciated赏识,意识到recognized Aptly 恰当的appropriately Article 物品object Ascribed to 归功于,认为assumed to be true of Assembling 聚集gathering Assortment 种类variety Astounding 惊讶的surprising At any rate 无论如何regardless 不管Attachment to 倾向于preference for Attained 达到,获得achieved Attained 达到,获得achieved Attained 获得reached Attendant 伴随的accompanying Attests to 证明give evidence of Attire 服装clothing Avail themselves 利用make use Barren 贫瘠的：infertile Besides 除此之外in addition to Bias 偏见prejudice Biting 尖锐的sharp Boosted 鼓舞raised Boosted推进raised Bound 系,绑tied Bounds 限制：limits Bring about 引起cause Brittle易碎的,脆弱的easily broken By virtue of 由于because of Calculated 计算,决定determined Came of age 出现了,成名了established itself Came to the forefront 来到最前线/变得很重要became important Carried on 继续continued Carry 承担：support Ceased 停止stop Celestial 天文学的：astronomical Chance 偶然的：unplanned Chronicle 记载,记录,编年史describe Circumscribed 限制restricted Classified 分类categorized Cluster 成群group Coarse 粗糙的crude Coarser 粗糙的rougher Cohesion 凝聚力unity Coincided with 一致,符合happened at the same time Coined 组成,创造：created Comparably 相似地：similarly Compelling 强迫地,又说服力的forceful Components 组成部分parts Concealed 隐藏covered Concentrated 集中：clustered Conclusive 总结性的definitive Concomitant with 同时发生的,与之伴随的in conjunction with Confine 限制restrict Confined 局限：limited Conflicting 对立的：apposing Conjectural 猜测的based on guessing Consciously 有意识地,故意地purposely Consequence 结果result Conserve 维持,保留retain Consist 一致的,协调的constant Consorted 交往associated Conspicuous 明显的noticeable Constant 持续的,一致的consistent Constituents 组成部分components Constituting 组成making up Consumed消耗,吃eaten Consumption 消费,吃eating

完整版托福词汇

Tips: 1.斜黑体字单词多为重点单词,供欲获得90分及以上学员研习。 2.带*号词根为重点词根,适用于全部托福考生,尤其是90分及以上考生。 3.某些初中或极简单单词未标注中文意思。 act,ag=act 行为,行动 action （act+ion）active (act+ive) activity(act+ity) actor actress actual实际的,具体的（做出来的）actually practice 练习,实践,实习（pr提前+act行动）practical react 反应（re相反+行为=反过来行为）reaction transact交易.交流（trans从一点到另一点+行为）transaction interact 交流,沟通,交换（inter彼此之间+act行为）interaction agency 机构,公司（ag做事情+ency表名词=做事情的地方）agent 代理人,经纪人（ag 做+ent人）agile灵巧的,灵活的（ag行动+ile反复的=能反复行动=灵活的）agility agenda议程,事项（要做得事）enact实施,颁布（en使+act→使〔法律〕动→实施法律） aer, aeri=air,表示空气 aerial 空气的（aeri+al 表形容词）aeromechanics 航空力（aero+mechanics 机械学）aerology 气象学，大气学（aero+ology 学科→空气学→大气学）aerospace（大气层内外）空间（aero+space 空间）aeroview 鸟瞰图 （aero+view 看→在空气中看→鸟瞰）aerobic n 有氧活动（aero空气+bio生活,活动）aerogram无线电报（aero+gram写）atmosphere 大气,气氛aviator飞行者aviation 飞行 alter, ali= to change, 表示“其他的，改变状态” alter 变更，收变alterable 可收变的（alter+able 能…的）alternation交互，交错（alternate+ion）alternative二者择一（的）（来自alternate 交替，交替选择的方法）alien 外国的,外来的,陌生的（ali+en 表形容词或名词意思为地方→其他地方的→外国的，外国人的）alienate疏远（alien 外国的＋ate→把别人当外国人→疏远）alienation am,amor,amat=love amateur爱好（业余）amatory 恋爱的,情人的amour 恋情,奸情amorous 多情的(amor爱+ous多)enamored 倾心的,被迷住的amiable和蔼的,亲切地amicable 友善平和的amity 友善enmity 敌意

历年托福阅读真题高频词汇收集整理(5)

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