当代物流学习题3
PART II
ANSWERS TO END-OF-CHAPTER QUESTIONS
CHAPTER 2: THE SUPPLY-CHAIN CONCEPT
1.Discuss the differences between supply chain and supply-chain management.
A supply chain refers to the activities associated with the flow and transformation
of goods from the raw material stage, through to the end user, as well as the
associated information flows. Supply chains are not a new concept in the sense
that organizations have been dependent on suppliers and organizations have
served customers. Although any organization can be part of a supply chain,
supply-chain management requires overt management efforts by the organizations in the supply chain. Moreover, supply-chain management cannot be successful
unless the participating companies adopt an enterprise-to-enterprise perspective.
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/ca17658298.html,ing the SCOR model as a reference, explain the role of logistics in supply-chain
management.
The SCOR model identifies five key processes—plan, source, make, deliver, and return—associated with supply-chain management. It can be argued that logistics is involved in at least four of the five processes. For example, ―source‖ focuses on processes that procure goods and services; recall from Chapter 1 that procurement is part of the logistics ―umbrella‖ at many firms. With respect to making, the
concept of postponement has resulted in value-added activities being performed
closer to the ultimate customer. Moreover, the SCOR definition of delivery
specifically mentions the key logistics components of order management,
transportation management, and distribution management. Finally, Chapter 1
pointed out that returned products often present a different set of logistical
challenges when compared to forward distribution.
3.Do you believe that competition in the twenty-first century will involve supply chain
versus supply chain? Why or why not?
Students can support either perspective. For example, there have been suggestions that Wal-Mart has continued to pull away from competitors—particularly
Kmart—because of Wal-Mart’s superior supply chain. Kmart’s supply chain, in
contrast, is viewed as much less effective and efficient than Wal-Mart’s.
Alternatively, although supply chain versus supply chain sounds good, such
competition may not always be practical because of overlapping suppliers and the lack of a central control point.
4.What are four key attributes of supply-chain management?
The chapter discussed six key attributes of supply-chain management: customer
power; a long-term orientation; leveraging technology; enhanced communication
across organizations; inventory control; inter-activity, interfunctional, and
interorganizational coordination.
5.Why do contemporary supply chains need to be fast and agile?
First, ―fast‖ encompasses a time/speed component, while ―agile‖ focuses on an
organization’s ability to respond to changes in demand with respect to volume and variety. Fast and agile are important attributes of contemporary supply chains in
part because customer needs and wants can change relatively quickly. Failure to
be fast and agile can result in decreased market share, reduced profitability, lower stock price, and/or dissatisfied customers or supply-chain participants.
6.What is the difference between relational and transactional exchanges? Which is
more relevant for supply-chain management? Why?
Relational exchanges tend to emphasize a long-term orientation, while
transactional exchanges have a short-term orientation. Unlike transactional
exchanges, relational exchanges are characterized by attributes such as trust,
commitment, and dependence, among others. Supply-chain management suggests that supply chains exist to improve the long-term performance of the individual
companies and the supply chain as a whole. Relational exchanges also have a
long-term orientation; as a result, relational exchanges are more relevant than
transactional exchanges to supply-chain management.
7.This chapter suggests that technology has been at the center of changes taking place
that affect the supply chain. Do you agree or disagree? Why?
Although students can support either side of the argument, the text does argue that technology has been at the center of changes taking place that affect the supply
chain. In particular, increases in computing power and the Internet have been
behind much of this change.
8.Discuss the impact of the Internet on supply-chain management.
The Internet can facilitate supply chain effectiveness and efficiency by providing opportunities to simultaneously improve customer service and reduce logistics
costs. The Internet allows one supply-chain party to have virtually instantaneous
visibility to the same data as do other supply-chain participants. This can
ultimately result in lower inventories and improved profitability throughout the
supply chain.
9.Discuss some of the ways that inventory can be reduced in the supply chain.
Ways to reduce inventory in the supply chain include, but are not limited to,
smaller, more frequent orders; the use of premium transportation; demand-pull
(think of Dell Computers), as opposed to supply-push, replenishment; the
elimination or consolidation of slower-moving products.
10.What are supply-chain councils, and how do they operate?
Supply-chain councils are made up of supply-chain participants, including
representative (or the most important) customers. These councils meet
periodically to evaluate supply chain performance and to offer suggestions for
potential improvements, such as cost reduction and the elimination of non-value
added processes and activities.
11.What is meant by co-opetition? How is it relevant to supply-chain management?
Co-opetition refers to the idea that although companies can be competitors in
some situations, they can work together in other situations. In terms of its
relevance to supply-chain management, the text offers the example of Covisint, an on-line trading exchange that handles purchasing for production and non-
production materials in the automobile industry. Equity partners in Covisint
include General Motors and Ford, and Covisint was established largely to remove waste from the automotive supply chain.
12.How might regulatory and political conditions act as barriers to supply-chain
management?
With respect to regulatory conditions, a number of today’s supply chain
arrangements were illegal until the early 1980s. At a minimum, companies should be aware of regulatory considerations before pursuing supply chain arrangements.
Political conditions such as war and governmental stability can also act as barriers to supply-chain management. War, for example, could easily disrupt well-
established supply chains.
13.Some companies are hesitant to use frequent shopper cards because the data provided
could violate the customer’s privacy. Do you agree or disagree? Why?
Although either answer is acceptable, the question of data usage versus customer privacy has generated impassioned discussions by students. On the one hand, the frequent shopper cards can provide a plethora of data about the shopping habits of particular consumers, potentially allowing stores to achieve customized marketing for individual customers. At the same time, frequent shopper cards could violate
customer privacy in the sense that certain customers might be uncomfortable that stores have access to such detailed data about them, particularly if the data
includes frequent purchases of p otentially ―embarrassing‖ products (e.g.,
laxatives).
14.Why are compatible information systems important for effective and efficient supply-
chain management?
One reason compatible information systems are important for effective and
efficient supply-chain management involves the growing emphasis on ERP
systems. ERP installations, in and of themselves, are complex and time
consuming; in many cases, the ERP systems have to be integrated with other
specialized software—and this ―integration‖ can have disastrou s consequences. 15.Do you think corporate cultures are relevant for supply-chain management? Why or
why not?
Again, either answer is adequate; however, the text indicates that incompatible
corporate cultures could present potential obstacles to effective and efficient
supply-chain management. In addition, manifestations of corporate cultures, such as company rituals, company brochures, and the like, can provide important clues about the ability of potential supply-chain parties to work together.
16.Discuss the three primary methods that organizations can use to integrate their supply
chains.
One method is vertical integration, in which one organization owns multiple
participants in the supply chain. Sherwin-Williams, for example, is a paint
manufacturer and also owns retail paint stores. A second method involves formal contracts among various participants, such as occurs with franchising. The third
method focuses on informal agreements among various organizations to pursue
common goals and objectives. This option provides a great deal of flexibility—
which can have both positive and negative aspects.
17.Discuss the factors that distinguish contemporary third-party logistics from earlier
types of third-party logistics.
For one, there tend to be formal contracts (generally 3–5 years) between providers and users. Contemporary third-party logistics also tends to be characterized by a
relational focus, an emphasis on mutual benefits, and the availability of
customized (as opposed to standardized) offerings. In short, contemporary third-
party logistics has a decidedly long-term outlook, as opposed to ―shopping
around‖ for the best deal at the present time.
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/ca17658298.html, some of the supplemental services that are currently offered by third-party
logistics companies. How can these supplemental services facilitate supply-chain management?
Some supplemental services that are offered by third-party logistics companies
include, but are not limited to, final product assembly, product installation, and
product repair—activities that go beyond traditional offerings. These
supplemental services can facilitate supply-chain integration in the sense that
there is less emphasis on functional issues and more emphasis on cross-functional processes.
19.Do you agree or disagree with the sentiment that fourth-party logistics companies
(lead logistics providers) merely add unnecessary cost and few service improvements to supply chains? Why?
Either answer is acceptable. Because fourth-party logistics is still in its infancy, it may be too early to have a good idea as to the ultimate role(s) that these
intermediaries will play in effective and efficient supply chains. Their usefulness could be limited if they continue to be best suited to large companies with global supply chains.
20.Discuss the various types of supply-chain software.
Some software packages focus on specific functional areas such as transportation, warehousing, or inventory management. Other software packages focus on
specific supply-chain processes such as such as customer relationship
management or collaborative planning, forecasting, and replenishment. Still other packages attempt to simultaneously optimize supply-chain processes across
organizations.
PART III
EXAMINATION QUESTIONS
CHAPTER 2: THE SUPPLY-CHAIN CONCEPT
Multiple Choice Questions
1.According to Professor Mentzer and colleagues, the supply-chain concept originated
in what discipline?
a.marketing
b.operations
c.logistics
d.production
(c; p. 36)
2. A ____________ encompasses all activities associated with the flow and
transformation of goods from the raw material stage, through to the end user, as well as the associated information flows.
a.production line
b.supply chain
c.marketing channel
d.warehouse
(b; p. 36)
3.Which of the following is not one of the processes in the SCOR model?
a.sell
b.plan
c.make
d.return
(a; p. 38)
4.The current SCOR model identifies ____________ key processes associated with
supply-chain management.
a.three
b.four
c.five
d.six
(c; p. 38)
5.The text suggests that logistics has an important role in all SCOR processes except:
a.make
b.source
c.deliver
d.plan
(d; p. 38)
6.It has been suggested that company-versus-company competition might be
superseded in the twenty-first century by:
a.region-to-region
b.country-to-country
c.industry-to-industry
d.supply chain-to-supply chain
(d; p. 39)
7.Which of the following are not key attributes of supply-chain management?
a.inventory control
b.leveraging technology
c.customer power
d. a long-term orientation
e.all are key attributes
(e; p. 39)
8.Contemporary supply chains should be fast and ____________.
a.lean
b.agile
c.interactive
d.relevant
(b; p. 40)
9.An organization’s ability to respond to changes in demand with respect to volume and
variety refers to ____.
a.responsiveness
b.leanness
c.agility
d.relevancy
(c; p. 40)
10.Which of the following is not associated with relational exchanges?
a.independence
b.trust
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/ca17658298.html,mitment
d.shared benefits
(a; p. 40)
11.According to the text, ____________ has been at the center of the changes taking
place that affect the supply chain.
a.logistics
b.warehousing
c.technology
d.customer power
(c; p. 41)
12.What has been referred to as the greatest force of commodization known to man, for
both goods and services?
a.McDonald’s
b.The Internet
c.Wal-Mart
d.Logistics
(b; p. 41)
13.The two key factors that have sparked much of the technological change affecting
supply chains are ____________ and ____________.
a.EDI, ERP
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/ca17658298.html,puting power, ERP
c.EDI, Internet
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/ca17658298.html,puting power, Internet
(d; p. 41)
14.The bullwhip effect:
a.is an ineffective way to motivate warehouse employees
b.applies to rodeos and has nothing to do with supply-chain management
c.refers to the ―swaying‖ motion associated with triple trailers
d.refers to variability in demand orders among supply-chain participants
(d; p. 42)
15.Which of the following is not a way to reduce inventory levels?
a.supply-push replenishment
b.smaller, more frequent orders
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/ca17658298.html,e of premium transportation
d.elimination of slower moving products
(a; p. 42)
16.A supply-chain council:
a.ensures that unfair trade practices don’t happen in supply chains
b.is comprised of all relevant CEOs
c.meets periodically to evaluate supply-chain performance
d.is a lobbying group concerned with promoting favorable supply-chain
legislation
(c; p. 43)
17.Covisint, an on-line trading exchange, is an example of co-opetition in the
____________ industry.
a.fast-food
b.office supply
c.sporting goods
d.automotive
(d; p. 44)
18.Which of the following is not a method of supply chain coordination?
a.co-opetition
b.dovetailing
c.placing personnel from one supply-chain participant into the facility of
another participant
d.supply-chain councils
e.all are methods
(b; pp. 43–44)
19.Which of the following represents a method of supply chain coordination?
a.dovetailing
b.co-opetition
c.benchmarking
d.nesting
(b; p. 44)
20.Which of the following is not a barrier to supply-chain management?
a.regulatory and political considerations
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/ca17658298.html,ck of top management commitment
c.reluctance to share, or use, relevant data
d.incompatible corporate cultures
e.all are barriers
(e; pp. 44–46)
21.Data mining:
a.is illegal in the United States
b.is synonymous with marginal analysis
c.looks for patterns and relationships in relevant data
d.can only be done by grocery stores
(c; p. 45)
22.Looking for patterns and relationships in relevant data refers to:
a.data warehousing
b.marginal analysis
c.correlation analysis
d.data mining
(d; p. 45)
23.Which of the following is false?
a.ERP systems tend to be relatively strong when it comes to logistics and supply
chain requirements.
b.Installing ERP systems can take several years to complete.
c.ERP systems offer tremendous potential for increasing organizational
effectiveness and efficiency.
d.Installing ERP systems can be expensiv
e.
e.All of the above are true.
(a; pp. 45–46)
24.Supply chains can be integrated by having various parties enter into and carry out
long-term mutually beneficial agreements. These agreements are known by several names. Which of the following is not one of these names?
a.partnerships
b.strategic alliances
c.third-party arrangements
d.contract logistics
e.all of the above are correct
(e; p. 46)
25.There are three primary methods that organizations can pursue when attempting to
integrate their supply chains. Which of the following is not one of them?
a.vertical integration
b.intensive distribution
c.formal contracts
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/ca17658298.html,rmal agreements
(b; p. 47)
26.All of the following are factors that distinguish contemporary third-party logistics
from earlier efforts except:
a.there tends to be a formal contract in contemporary 3PL
b.contemporary 3PL focuses on customized offerings
c.contemporary 3PL has a transactional focus
d.contemporary 3PL focuses on mutual benefits
(c; p. 48)
27.What is a fourth-party logistics provider?
a. a third-party logistics provider that has been in existence for at least 25 years
b. a third-party logistics provider that has achieved ISO 9000 certification
c. a logistics intermediary that specializes in one logistics activity (e.g.,
transportation, warehousing)
d. a general contractor that coordinates the activities of third-party logistics
providers
(d; p. 49)
28.Which of the following statements about supply-chain software is false?
a.many supply-chain software packages are developed for specific, rather than
general, applications
b.supply-chain software packages can focus on specific functional activities
such as transportation and warehousing
c.supply-chain software packages can focus on specific supply-chain processes
such as customer relationship management
d.supply-chain software packages can attempt to simultaneously optimize
supply-chain processes across organizations
e.all are true
(a; pp. 49–50)
29.The supply-chain management philosophy emerged in which decade?
a.1960s
b.1970s
c.1980s
d.1990s
(d; p. 36)
30.Although nearly any organization can be part of a supply chain, supply-chain
management requires:
a.the involvement of third-party logistics companies
b.overt management efforts by the organizations in a supply chain
c.the participation of world-class organizations
d.at least one organization to be a multinational company
(b; p. 37)
31.A distinguishing feature of the JIT II concept is that:
a.supplier and customer facilities are located in the same industrial park
b.only expedited transportation is used
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/ca17658298.html,panies must have ISO 9000 certification to participate
d.suppliers have on-site offices at a particular customer
(d; p. 39)
32.What company developed the supplier integration program known as JIT II?
a.Procter & Gamble
b.Gap
c.Bose
d.McDonald’s
(c; p. 39)
33.Contemporary supply chains should be agile and ____________.
a.fast
b.lean
c.interactive
d.relevant
(a; p. 40)
34.Which of the following is false?
a.supply chains should employ a long-term orientation
b.supply-chain management cannot be successful without information sharing
c.partnerships must involve formal, contractual agreements
d. a long-term orientation tends to be predicated on relational exchanges
(c; pp. 40–41)
35.The variability in demand orders among supply-chain participants:
a.cannot be controlled
b.refers to the bullwhip effect
c.can be controlled with electronic order placement
d.is more pronounced in relational exchanges
(b; p. 42)
True-False Questions
1.The supply-chain concept originated in the logistics literature. (True, p. 36)
2.Customers are not included as part of supply chains. (False, pp. 36–37)
3.Supply-chain management requires overt management efforts by the organizations
within the supply chain. (True, p.37)
4.The SCOR model identifies four key processes associated with supply-chain
management. (False, p. 38)
5.JIT II is a supplier integration program that allows different suppliers to interact with
each other on a regular basis. (True, p. 39)
6.Logistics has involvement in at least four of the key processes identified in the SCOR
model. (True, p. 38)
7.Because customer needs and wants change relatively quickly, supply chains should be
fast and lean. (False, p. 40)
8.With respect to supply chains, relevancy focuses on an organization’s ability to
respond to changes in demand with respect to volume and variety. (False, p. 40)
9.Supply chains should employ a long-term orientation with various participants. (True,
p. 40)
10.Formal partnerships are more likely than informal ones to result in improved long-
term supply-chain performance. (True, p. 41)
11.Power retailers have been at the center of changes taking place that affect the supply
chain. (False, p. 41)
12.The Internet has been referred to as the greatest force of commodization known to
man, for both goods and services. (True, p. 41)
13.Enhanced communications across organizations in a supply chain is only dependent
on the technological capabilities of the organizations. (False, p. 42)
14.Variability in demand orders among supply-chain participants is known as the bubble
effect. (False, p. 42)
15.Inventory control in supply-chain management is attempting to move from ―stops and
st arts‖ to continuous flow. (True, p. 42)
16.Supply chain disruptions (e.g., delayed shipments) that occurred in the wake of the
terrorist attacks in September 2001 have caused some supply chains to reassess their emphasis on inventory reduction. (True, p. 42)
17.Supply-chain councils refer to lobbying groups concerned with promoting favorable
supply-chain legislation. (False, p. 43)
18.Co-opetition is a concept that suggests that companies can be competitors in some
situations while working together in other situations. (True, p. 44)
19.Covisint is an on-line trading exchange that represents an example of co-opetition in
the grocery industry. (False, p. 44)
20.Regulatory considerations present a bigger obstacle than political considerations to
supply-chain management. (False, p. 44)
21.The overall global climate for business has shifted toward allowing more cooperation
among firms—which should help supply-chain management. (True, p. 44)
22.Top management is sometimes hesitant to fully commit to supply-chain management.
(True, p. 45)
23.Data warehousing is a technique that looks for patterns and relationships in the
relevant data. (False, p. 45)
24.Although customer loyalty programs (e.g., frequent shopper cards) can provide highly
detailed data to companies, there are some who believe that these programs potentially violate a customer’s right to privacy. (True, p. 45)
25.Most ERP systems tend to be relatively weak when it comes to logistics and supply
chain requirements. (True, p. 45)
26.Corporate cultures should be an irrelevant consideration when designing a supply
chain. (False, p. 46)
27.An individual firm can only be involved in one supply chain at a time. (False, p. 46)
28.The most common examples of vertical integration today are some lines of paint and
automotive tires. (True, p. 47)
29.Intensive distribution is one of the methods that organizations can pursue when
attempting to integrate their supply chains. (False, p. 47)
30. Informal agreements offer supply-chain participants more flexibility than other
methods of supply-chain integration. (True, p. 47)
31.Contemporary third-party logistics has existed since about 1975. (False, p. 48)
32.Contemporary third-party logistics tends to be characterized by standardized, as
opposed to customized, offerings. (False, p. 48)
33.A fourth-party logistics provider should be viewed as a general contractor whose
primary purpose is to insure that third-party logistics providers are working toward relevant supply-chain goals. (True, p. 49)
34.The fourth-party logistics concept appears to be best suited to small companies that
need logistical assistance in only one or two functional areas. (False, p. 49)
35.As a general rule, supply-chain software packages look to coordinate and integrate
functions, processes, and/or systems across multiple supply-chain participants. (True, p. 50)
PART IV
CASE SOLUTIONS
CASE 2-1 JOHNSON TOY COMPANY
Question 1: From the standpoint of an individual concerned with accounting controls, discuss and evaluate Johnson Toy Company’s present policies for handling returned items.
The controls are poor from the standpoint of accuracy of financial records,
because they provide poor information to management.
Question 2: Answer question 1, but from the standpoint of an individual interested in marketing.
Marketing people tend to favor less stringent controls in the sense that they
provide more flexibility when bargaining with retailers.
Question 3: Propose a policy for handling returns that should be adopted by the Johnson Toy Company. Be certain to list circumstances under which exceptions would be allowed. Should it apply to the Jungle Jim dolls?
One student’s answer is reproduced here.
I.HIGH VOLUME CUSTOMERS (defined as purchasing $75,000 of
merchandise from Johnson’s per year)
A.Functionally damaged goods may be returned to Johnson’s pla nt at
Johnson’s expense with a full refund.
B.High volume customers will received a straight 2% deduction off of
the wholesale selling price to cover defectives—whether defectives are
classified as cosmetically damaged or slow moving items, except when
unable to sell due to special circumstances (see Section III).
II.LOW VOLUME CUSTOMERS
A.Functionally damaged goods may be returned to Johnson’s plant via
Johnson’s salesperson with a full refund.
B.Low volume customers will NOT receive an automatic deduction for
defectives. Instead, the damage or defect must be defined:
1.Cosmetically damaged goods (classified as functionable and
sellable): a 25% discount granted upon inspection by
Johnson’s salesperson.
2.Slow moving items: NO RETURNS
3.Non-moving items (for reasons other than physical damage):
see special circumstances, Section III)
III.SPECIAL CIRCUMSTANCES When product is not resellable for reasons other than being functionally damaged or just a slow mover in the off
season, such as when the product receives bad press (as in the case of
Jungle Jim and Jogger Dolls), Johnson will allow return of all such non-
resellable items under the following conditions:
A.Retailer must pay for the returned merchandise to reach Johnson’s
plant.
B.Retailer’s account will be credited for the full amount of said purchase.
C.Credit is to be used within 30 days of receipt of returned goods at
Johnson’s plant; credit will be void after 30 days.
No mention was made as to whether it should apply to the Jungle Jim dolls. The firm might try to enforce it but customers might complain that it should not be applied retroactively.
Question 4: Should this policy, if adopted, be printed and distributed to all of the retailers who handle Johnson Toy Company products? Why or why not? If it should not be distributed to them, who should receive copies?
Yes, retailers should know exactly what the returns policy will be. One element of
a customer service policy is to let customers know in advance what the policy is.
Question 5: Assume that it is decided to prepare a statement on returns to be distributed to all retailers and that it should be less than a single double-spaced page. Prepare such a statement.
The answer provided for question 3 would suffice here as well.
Question 6: On the basis of the policy in your answer to question 3, develop instructions for the Johnson Toy Company distribution and accounting departments with respect to their roles and procedures in the handling of returns.
One could take the information as developed in answers 3 and 5, and draft a
memo to be sent to both the distribution and accounting departments, telling them of the new policies, and their roles in carrying them out. The accounting
department should be told to develop additional procedures that will protect
against fraud. In addition, other departments in the firm should receive some
information concerning the returns, because they may contain information that
should interest marketing, quality control and production scheduling.
Question 7: Assume that you are Cheryl Gu ridi, the firm’s logistics manager. Do you think that the returns policy favored by the logistics manager would differ from what would be best for the firm? Why or why not?
Yes, the returns policy favored by the logistics manager will favor a tight return
policy so that her department does not have to be responsible for keeping track of returned inventories, and for shipping damaged goods. The firm would probably prefer a looser return policy so that it could be used as a bargaining tool to
increase sales.
Question 8: Until the policy you recommend in your answer to question 3 takes effect, how would you handle the immediate problem of retailers wanting to return unsold Jungle Jim the Jogger dolls?
There are several approaches to this question. Some students have provided very specific policies. Others have said that because the policy was not in effect when the Jungle Jim dolls went out, it should not apply to their situation. This latter
group favored a policy of ―almost anything‖ that would keep retaile rs happy.
They argued—with support from the case material—that there were a number of valued long-term relationships with retailers that should not be harmed.
CASE 2-2 WYOMO GROCERY BUYERS’ COOPERATIVE
Question 1: Co-op members presently pay for goods ―o n the basis of cost to the co-op plus 23% to cover warehousing and transportation from the warehouses to the members’ retail stores.‖ Is this a fair way to cover warehousing costs? Can you think of a better way? If so, describe it.
This system probably favors the stores that have smaller order sizes and higher
transportation costs to reach. ―Better‖ may or may not be the issue; it is only if
one thinks that the rates should be cost-oriented.
Question 2: Answer the problem posed in question 1 with respect to transportation costs.
The previous answer is applicable here. If one wanted rates oriented toward
transportation costs, they might devise a method that takes into account tonnages
carried and distances traveled.
Question 3: Toward the end of the case, Bright describes how some manufacturers pay bribes in order to get shelf space in retail stores. Should retailers accept such bribes? Why or why not?
The bribes are paid in two ways. One is a gift of additional merchandise to be sold, which merely lessen s the store’s cost of goods purchased. This is sometimes
called a ―stocking allowance.‖ The other way is cash paid to salaried employees,
which they would probably pocket. The first method is a fairly common practice;
the second method would be viewed by many as wrong and thus should be
discouraged.
Question 4:The case says, ―Stores were responsible for placing orders with the co-op, although a co-op representative would call on a weekly basis, and one of her/his functions was to help some store operators complete their order forms.‖ Is this a function that the co-op should be performing? Why or why not?
It’s a way for the co-op to help some of its members and it also helps to keep
certain stores loyal to the co-op. Unless the co-op’s board adopts a polic y against
the practice, then there’s nothing wrong with it. The practice can be viewed as a
form of customer service.
Question 5: The case mentions that some of the larger stores that belonged to the co-op sometimes threatened to form their own co-op. Assume that you are hired by some of them to study the feasibility of such a move. List the various topics that you would include in your study.
One could look at all the elements in the distribution system needed to serve the
larger co-ops: warehousing, transportation, inventories, order management, etc.
Then one would determine the costs serving the larger co-ops and compare these
costs to what is presently offered by Wyomo. This is an area where quantity
discounts are important: can the new co-op earn large enough discounts on what it buys to have some major savings?
Question 6:How would you vote on Hardy’s motion? Why?
A student can vote either way, although freezing the number of SKUs may force
the larger members to leave the co-op.
Question 7: Would it make a difference whether you represented a large or small store? Why?
Small stores would probably favor the resolution, unless they realized that
expansion was necessary for the survival of the co-op. If they lose their larger
members, many costs per unit may increase.
Question 8: Are there other strategies that the co-op might pursue to overcome this problem? If so, describe.
They could get additional product space for some product lines, or arrange to have some large volume orders delivered directly to stores, bypassing the warehouse.
物流学两套试题及答案
《物流学概论》习题与答案目录 习题一物流基础知识 (一)判断题(正确的用A表示，错误的用B表示) 1．流通就是物流。 ( ) 2．商流和物流的关系非常密切，它们都具有相同的活动内容和规律。 ( ) 3．商流是产生物流的物质基础。 ( ) 4．物流活动克服了供给方和需求方在空间维和时间维方面的距离，创造了空间价值和时间价值。 ( ) 5．物流过程主要进行商品交换，实现物资所有权的转移；而商流主要进行运输和储存，实现物资实体空间和时间位置转移。 ( ) 6．流通活动中资金流是在所有权更迭的交易过程中发生的，可以认为从属于商流。( ) 7．根据物流活动发生的先后次序，企业物流可划分为：供应物流；生产物流；销售物流；回收、废弃物流四部分。( ) 8．商流和物流的关系非常密切，商品的交易过程和物流过程不可分离，两者活动完全一致。 ( ) 9．在物流系统中，“物”不改变本身的形状、尺寸和性质，只有时间或空间位置状态的变化。 ( ) 10．物流科学是管理科学和工程技术科学相结合的综合学科。 ( ) 11．流通包含商流、物流、资金流和信息流，其中资金流从属于商流，信息流从属于物流。( ) 12．系统性是物流科学的最基本特性 ( ) 13．logistics取代P．D，成为物流科学的代名词，这是物流科学走向成熟的标 志。( ) (二)单选题 1．商流与物流的关系( )。 A．相互独立，毫无关系 B．关系密切，相辅相成 C．物流是商流的先导 D．商物不分离 2．资金流可以认为从属于( )。 A．商流 B．物流 C．信息流 D．流通辅助性活动 3．对象物所有权转移的活动称为( )。 A．商流 B．物流C．信息流 D．流通辅助性活动 4．生产系统的两个支柱是( )。 A．加工活动和信息B．物流活动和信息C．加工活动和物流活动D．物流和商流5．生产与流通之间的关系是( )。 A．生产决定流通，流通对生产有反作用 B．流通决定生产，流通对生产有反作用 C．生产决定流通，生产对流通有反作用 D．流通决定生产，生产对流通有反作用6．物资的生产过程的功能是创造物资的( )。 A．形质效用 B．时间效用C．空间效用 D．社会效用 (三)多选题 1．流通活动的内容包含( )。 A．商流 B．物流C．资金流 D．信息流E．流通辅助性活动2．按照物流活动的空间范围分类，物流可以分为( )。 A．地区物流 B．供应物流C．销售物流 D．国内物流E．国际物流 3．按照物流系统的作用分类，物流可分为( )。 A．供应物流 B．销售物流C．生产物流 D．回收物流E．废弃物物流 4．按照企业物流的垂直结构属于管理层的内容有( )。
现代物流学考试试题答案
最新现代物流学考试试题答案资料 【最新资料，WORD文档，可编辑修改】合分人：复查人：
分数评卷人 二、单选题（每空1分，共20分） 1.物流业是一种（C）行业。 A.生产性 B.生活性 C.服务性 D.消费性 2.国际标准化组织（ISO）认定的物流基础模数尺寸是（ A ）。 A.600 × 400mm B.300 × 400mm C.600 × 200mm D.300 × 200mm 3.向社会提供运输、储存、装卸搬运、流通加工、包装及物流信息等服务的能力称为（A）。 A.物流需求 B.物流链 C.物流供给 D.物流量 4.企业将物流系统全部承包给第三方物流供应商称为（ D ）。 A.物流系统剥离 B.物流战略联盟 C.物流系统接管 D.物流业务管理外包 5.生产企业出售商品时，物品在供方与需方之间的实体流动称为（ C ）。 A.采购物流 B.企业内物流 C.销售物流 D.退货物流 6.在同一地域范围内进行的，以改变物的存放状态和空间位置为主要内容和目的的活动称为（ B ）。 A.运输 B.装卸搬运 C.配送 D.流通加工 7.配送是面向 ( A ) 的服务。 A.终点用户 B.中间用户 C.始点厂家 D.中间厂家 8.下列选项中不是配送的功能要素的是（B）。 A.送货 B.包装 C.分拣 D.配货 9.不属于物流增值服务功能的是（C）。 A.加快反应速度 B.业务延伸 C.订货 D.增加便利性 10.下列表述中不属于物流信息特点的是(C )。
A.物流信息种类多 B.物流信息动态性强 C.物流信息对提高经济效益起着非常重要的作用 D.物流信息量大﹑分布广 11.物流运输增值的时间效用表现为通过物品流通过程中的劳动克服了物品( C )时间上的不一致。 A.生产 B.消费 C.生产和消费 D.采购 12.最具灵活性的运输方式是( A )。 A.公路运输 B.铁路运输 C.航空运输 D.远洋运输 13.不适合航空运输货物的是( D )。 A.高附加值产品 B.紧急救援物资 C.生鲜食品 D.大宗低值物品 14.( A ) 是指将部分废旧物料通过收集、分类、加工、供应等环节转化成新的产品，重新投入到生产或消费领域的过程。 A.回收物流 B.废弃物流 C.供应物流 D.场内物流 15.物流是指物资的物质实体由供应者到需求者的流动，包括：（ D ）。 A.物资空间位置的变动和时间位置的变动 B.物资空间位置的变动和形状性质的变动 C.物资时间位置的变动和形状性质的变动 D.物资空间位置的变动、时间位置的变动和形状性质的变动 16.对象物所有权转移的活动称为（ A ）。 A.商流 B.物流 C.信息流 D.流通辅助性活动 17.生产与流通之间的关系是（ A ）。 A.生产决定流通，流通对生产有反作用 B.流通决定生产，流通对生产有反作用 C.生产决定流通，生产对流通有反作用 D.流通决定生产，生产对流通有反作用 18.商流活动可以创造物资的（ B ）。
现代物流学A卷试卷及答案
春交通运输专升本 《现代物流学》A卷 姓名：成绩： 一、单项选择题。(20分，每题1分) 1、现代物流按照物流系统性质分类有社会物流、行业物流和( ) 。 A．微观物流 B．宏观物流 C．运输物流 D．企业物流 2、包装一般可分为商业包装和( )。 A．出售包装 B．储存包装 C．运输包装 D．简单包装 3、当生产企业以紧急采购代用材料来解决库存材料的中断之急，这部分费用属于库存决策中的：( ) A．机会损失 B. 缺货成本C．订货成本 D．利润损失 4、下列配送中心，( )是按功能角度来分类的。 A. 零售商型配送中心 B. 批发商型配送中心 C. 加工配送中心 D. 化妆品配送中心 5、EDI的英文全称为（）。 A．Easy Data Interchange B．Electronic Data Interchange C．Electronic Data Interconnection D．Easy Data Interconnection 6、在同一地域范围内进行的，以改变物的存放状态和空间位臵为主要内容和目的的活动称为( )。 A．运输 B．装卸搬运 C．配送 D．流通加工 7、大陆桥是( )。 A. 大陆上的桥梁 B. 连接两端海洋的中间大陆 C. 两块陆地的中间海洋 D. 连接海洋的大陆 8、( )是指物品从销地或中转地向产地或起运地回流的一种运输现象。 A．迂回运输 B．过远运输 C．对流运输 D．倒流运输 9、定期订货制度的特点是( )。 A．订货间隔期不变B．订购货物量不定
C．进行订货补充库存量D．A、B二项都是 10．对用户来说，采用联合运输（） A.节约成本 B.运输速度慢 C.环节多 D.托运手续复杂 11．通用商品条形码是由位数字组成的。（） A.13 B.14 C.８ D.12 12．是物流活动的起点。（） A.搬运 B.包装 C.储存 D.运输 13．供应商在需要的时间里，向需要的地点，以可靠的质量，向需求方提供需要的物料之过程称为（）。 A．一般采购流程 B．协同采购流程 C．准时采购流程 D．订单采购流程 14．物流系统要素具有（）的特点。 A．成本与效益一致 B．服务越好，效益越高 C．效益背反 D．以顾客为核心 15．车辆配装时，应遵循以下原则：（）。 A．重不压轻，后送后装 B．重不压轻，后送先装 C．轻不压重，后送后装 D．轻不压重，后送先装 16．MRP系统是一种以为核心的生产管理系统。（） A．物料需求计划 B．制造资源计划 C．企业资源计划 D．配送需求计划 17．生产企业出售商品时，物品在供方与需方之间的实体流动称为（）。 A．采购物流 B．企业内物流 C．销售物流 D．退货物流 18、配送企业不但可以依靠送货服务、销售经营取得效益，还可以通过( ) 取得效益。 A. 来料加工增值 B. 来样加工增值 C. 流转加工增值 D. 流通加工增值 19．由于消费者需求的多样化、个性化，的进货方式将对物流需求产生直接影响。( )
物流学试题
第一章物流基础 一、名词解释 1．物流： 2．物流信息： 3．军事物流： 二、填空 1．物流的两种英文说法分别是和。 2．物流的增殖服务功能包括。 三、选择 1、按照物流系统的作用、属性及作用的空间范围，可以从不同角度对物流进行分类。按照物流活动的空间范围分类，可以分为（）。 A．地区物流B．供应物流C．销售物流D．国内物流E．国际物流 2．物流所创造的价值表现形式为（）。 A．时间价值B．场所价值C．加工附加价值 四、简答 1．物流的基本功能有哪些？各自的定义是什么？ 2．物流的６大要素是什么？ 五、思考 1．应如何理解物流的概念？ 2．了解物流的各种分类及含义。 第二章物流理论与物流观念 一、名词解释 1．物流战略： 2．绿色物流： 3．供应链： 4．供应链管理： 二、填空 1．企业物流可细分为，，，，。2．无论是生产过程，还是流通过程中，物流均参与了商品和的形成。3．供应链的特征为，，，。 4．根据容量及与用户需求的关系，可将供应链分为和。
三、选择 1．物流系统中存在的制约关系也称为（）。 A．一律背反原理B．二律背反原理C．三律背反原理D．四律背反原理 2．第一利润源是指（），第二利润源是指（），第三利润源是指（）。 A．物流B．资源领域C．人力领域D．成本管理 四、简答 1．了解物流的各种学说。 2．物流在国民经济中的地位与作用是什么？ 3．什么是供应链管理？其本质是什么？ 4．供应链是如何划分的？各种类型供应链的含义如何？ 五、思考： 1．我国物流业发展对策。 2．如何加快我国传统物流业向现代物流业转变？ 第三章包装 一、名词解释 1．包装： 2．托盘包装 3．销售包装 4．中性包装 二、填空 1．包装的基本功能是，，，。 2．按在流通中的作用，可将包装分为和。 3．包装技术包括和。 4．包装合理化是指。 三、选择 1．防震保护技术分为（）。 A．全面防震包装方法B．部分防震包装方法C．悬浮式防震包装方法 2．特种包装技术包括（）。 A．充气包装B．真空包装C．收缩包装D．拉伸包装E．脱氧包装四、简答1．简述包装的分类，各种包装材料及优缺点。 2．简述各种包装技术。 五、思考
2018年10月全国自考(07114)现代物流学试题及答案
绝密★考试结束前 全国2018年10月高等教育自学考试 现代物流学试题 课程代码:07114 请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案涂、写在答题纸上。 选择题部分 注意事项： 1.答题前，考生务必将自己的考试课程名称、姓名、准考证号黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔填写在答题纸规定的位置上。 2.每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题纸上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在试题卷上。 一、单项选择题：本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分。在每小题列出的备选项中只有一项是最符合题目要求的，请将其选出。 1.Logistics是世界公认的物流标准用语，这一词首先应用的领域是 A.生产 B.军事 C.消费 D.经济 2.维持弹性库存，以满足客户非预期的需求，实现市场调节功能的供应链类型是 A.有效性供应链 B.反应性供应链 C.功能性供应链 D.创新性供应链 3.科学的选择运输工具、合理的规划运输线路、保持合理的库存规模等体现物流系统的 A.服务性目标 B.快捷性目标 C.节约目标 D.规模优化目标 4.时效性不强、价格低廉的散重货物，适用于
A.水上运输 B.航空运输 C.公路运输 D.铁路运输 5.相同的运输方式下，客户选择运输服务商的首要标准是 A.价格 B.快捷 C.服务质量 D.运输工具 6.经海关批准，在海关监管下专供存放未办理关税手续而入境或过境货物的场所，称为 A.自有仓库 B.特种仓库 C.出口监管仓库 D.保税仓库 7.对托盘进行装卸作业，一般采用的方式是 A.吊上吊下 B.又上叉下 C.移上移下 D.滚上滚下 8.自动导引搬运车的缩写是 A.AGV B.AVG C.GAV D.VGA 9.装卸搬运作业的活性是指 A.货物装卸搬运的难易程度 B.货物中鲜活物品比例 C.装卸搬运消耗的活劳动
《现代物流》物流管理考试复习题(附答案)
物流管理总复习题 一、判断题 1.流通实际上就是物流。( 2 ) 2.商流和物流的关系非常密切，两者都具有相同的活动内容和规律。(2) 3.商流是产生物流的物质基础。( 2 ) 4.物流活动克服了供给方和需求方在空间和时间方面的距离。(1) 5.企业制定物流战略的意义在于降低成本、减少资金占用、改进服务。( 1 ) 6.物流战略的第四层为基础型的，包括组织、信息系统、政策与策略、设施。( 1 ) 7.物流战略的第三层功能性的，包括物料管理、运输、仓库管理。( 1 ) 8.采购是商流，而不是物流。（ 2 ） 9.采购是指通过商品交换和物流手段从资源市场取得资源的过程。(1) 10.采购的基本作用是将资源从资源市场的供应者手中转移到用户手中的过程。( 1 ) 11.所谓客户服务是指为支持企业的核心产品（或服务）而提供的服务。（1）
12.物流客户服务是企业物流系统的输出，它是由物流系统的一系列功能的活动实现的。这些功 能活动的展开，需要投入生产要素，运用一定技术方法，按照作业流程进行操作，并需要进行全过程质量控制。（1） 13.物流客户服务表现为一种经营理念，就是通过努力降低成本，找到企业经营效益和顾客需求 的最佳结合点。（ 1 ） 14.商品库存服务率是指商品库存满足订货要求的程度。（1） 15.物流企业提供的是一种服务，这种服务是独立的，和制造企业、商业企业的物流客户服务无 关。（2） 16.如果站在从事有形产品（或服务）制造或稍售的制造企业或商业企业（即货主企业）的角度 观察物流服务的话，物流服务属于企业顾客服务的范畴（1） 17.工商企业用于支持产品稍售的物流服务同物流企业为稍售提供的物流是同一个概念，不能相 混淆。（ 2 ） 18.利用可能性等于存货服务率的乘积。（1） 19.物流客户服务表现为一种经营理念。(1)
现代物流学试卷A
《现代物流学》试卷A 1.仓储是“对物品进行保存及对其数量、质量进行管理控制的活动。（） 2.包装材料的选择直接关系到包装质量和包装费用，有时也影响运输、装卸搬运和仓储环节作业的进行。（） 3.物流系统中库存量越大，库存费用越高，物流服务水平就越高，则物流系统最优。（） 4.第三方物流企业不一定有物流作业能力。（） 5.按物流系统性质分类，可分为生产物流、供应物流、销售物流、回收物流和废弃物物流。（） 6.Logistics取代PD，成为物流科学的代名词，是物流科学走向成熟的标志。（） 7.物流和商流是物资流通的组成部分，二者结合才能有效地实现物资流通过程。（） 8.物流系统中存在着各种制约关系，这种制约关系也称为二律背反原理。（） 9.“物流成本冰山说”的观点体现的是企业所掌握的物流成本，只占企业物流成本的一小部分，大部分物流成本并未被管理者所认识。（） 10.物流标准化投入大，会提高物流的成本。（） 1.物流业是一种（）行业。 A.生产性 B.生活性 C.服务性 D.消费性 2.国际标准化组织（ISO）认定的物流基础模数尺寸是（）。
A.600 × 400mm B.300 × 400mm C.600 × 200mm D.300 × 200mm 3.向社会提供运输、储存、装卸搬运、流通加工、包装及物流信息等服务的能力称为（）。 A.物流需求 B.物流链 C.物流供给 D.物流量 4.企业将物流系统全部承包给第三方物流供应商称为（）。 A.物流系统剥离 B.物流战略联盟 C.物流系统接管 D.物流业务管理外包 5.生产企业出售商品时，物品在供方与需方之间的实体流动称为（）。 A.采购物流 B.企业内物流 C.销售物流 D.退货物流 6.在同一地域范围内进行的，以改变物的存放状态和空间位置为主要内容和目的的活动称为（）。 A.运输 B.装卸搬运 C.配送 D.流通加工 7.配送是面向 ( ) 的服务。 A.终点用户 B.中间用户 C.始点厂家 D.中间厂家 8.下列选项中不是配送的功能要素的是（）。 A.送货 B.包装 C.分拣 D.配货
物流学概论复习题及参考复习资料
物流学概论复习题及参考答案 一、单选题 1、企业供应物流、生产物流、销售物流、废弃物物流和回收物流是属于（ B ）。 A 社会物流 B 企业物流 C 区域物流 D 综合物流 2、对于一个零售商，物流活动主要发生在它的（ C ）与零售商之间。 A 货物运输 B 生产部门 C 配送中心 D 消费者 3、存在于几乎所有的社会经济系统中的物流是（ B ）。 A 智能型物流 B 人工物流 C 机械物流 D 集成物流 4、物流创造空间价值是由现代社会产业结构和（ C ）所决定的。 A 社会供给 B 社会生产 C 社会分工 D 社会需求 5、物流早期发展的价值体现主要在（ B ）。 A 经济价值方面 B 军事后勤方面 C 生产消费方面 D 商品流通方面 6、下面哪种（ C ）采购模式是一种没有竞争的采购方式。 A 分散采购 B 集中采购 C 单一来源采购 D 招标采购 7、可以说不合理运输的最严重形式是（ D ）。 A 重复运输 B 迂回运输 C 倒流运输 D 空车无货载行驶 8、以促进销售为主要目的的包装被称为（ C ）。 A 工业包装 B 运输包装 C 商业包装 D 缓冲包装 9、流通加工合理化的含义是尽量实现流通加工的（ A ）。 A 最优配置 B 最好配送 C 最快运输 D 最有效方法 10、企业间的物流信息一般采用（ D ）标准。 A 编制条形码 B 扫描 C 拷贝 D 电子数据交换 11. 一个完整的物流实体网络至少要包括（ B ）和物流结点。 A．物流企业 B，物流线路 c．物流网络 D．物流信息 12. （ B ）线路的种类是线路里面量多、最复杂的。 A．铁路 B．公路 C．水运 D．空运 13. 物流系统中各环节的相互衔接是通过( A )予以沟通和实现的。 A．信息 B．线路 C.结点 D．物流中心 14. 第三方物流企业所从事的供应物流，主要向买方提供了服务，同事也向销售方提供服务，在客观上协助( C )扩大了市场。 A．双方 B，买方 C．销售方 D．企业自身 15. ( B )是按照用户的要求，在计划的时间内或者在用户随时提出的时间内，实现用户所要求的供应。 A．即时供应方式 D．准时供应方式 c．到线供应方式 D．零库存方式 16. 销售物流的起点，一般情况下是生产企业的( D )，经过分销物流，完成长距离、干线的物流活动，再经过配送完成市内和区域范围的物流活动，到达企业、商业用户或最终消费者。 A.生产车间 B. 运输车辆 C. 原材料仓库 D. 产成品仓库 17. 物流企业，严格意义上讲是指( C )。 A．第一方物流企业和第二方物流企业 B．第二方物流企业和第三方物流企业 C．第三方物流企业和第四方物流企业 D．第一方物流企业和第四方物流企业 18. 物流企业把自己的职能和资源集中在自己的核心竞争优势的活动上，而把非核心领域（ B ）给其他专业企业。 A．内包 B.外包 C.归口 D. 并购 19. 第三方物流是一种具有（ D ）契约性质的综合物流服务。 A. 时点 B. 短期 C.中期 D. 长期
现代物流学期末试卷及答案
****学院2012－2013学年第一学期 现代物流学试卷 （课程代码2033206） 一、单选题（50分） 1．地理信息系统的简称是：（A） A.GIS B.GPS C.POS D.EDI 2. 物流系统按地域范围分不包括：（C） A.区域物流 B.国内物流 C.宏观物流 D.国际物流 3.生产物流管理中尽力消除不增值活动和不必要环节的管理办法是：（C） A.TQC B.MBP C.JIT D.BPR 4.从社会再生产总体角度认识和研究的物流活动是：（A） A.宏观物流 B.微观物流 C.企业物流 D.生产物流 5. 企业利用第三方物流，可使企业专注于提高：（B） A. 经济效益 B.核心竞争力 C.竞争力 D.社会效益 6. （）是实现POS系统、EDI、电子商务和供应链管理的技术基础：（A） A.条形码 B.GPS C.GIS D.ERP 7. ( B )是反映物流各种活动内容的知识、资料、图像、数据和文件的总称。 A.物流系统 B.物流信息 C.供应链系统 D.精益物流 8. 下列各选项中，哪个选项不是物流信息系统的控制职能(C ) A.客户服务水平的控制 B.供应商的绩效分析 C.物流战略规划 D.物流系统绩效分析 9. 下列各选项中，不是常见的国际物流运输方式是(C) A.海运运输 B.公路运输 C.管道运输 D.铁路运输 10. 从供应保证能力方面来判断配送合理化的具体指标是(C) A.库存总量 B.资金总量 C.缺货次数 D.库存总数 11.国际物流系统是由商品的包装、储存、运输、检验、流通加工以及其前后的整理、再包装和国际配送等子系统组成，其中，(B)子系统是物流的两大支柱。 A.包装和储存 B.储存和运输 C.运输和检验 D.检验和流通加工 12.广义的国际物流指的是：（D） A.国际货物物流 B.贸易型国际物流 C.非贸易型国际物流 D.贸易型国际物流与非贸易型国际物流 13. 流通为实现物资从生产者手中转移到消费者手中的目的，克服( A )。 A、供需之间的产品的所有权距离、空间距离和时间距离 B、供需之间的产品的所有权距离、空间距离和观察距离 C、供需之间的产品的所有权距离、观察距离和时间距离 D、供需之间的产品的观察距离、空间距离和时间距离14.资金流可以认为从属于( A )。 A、商流D、物流C、信息流D、流通辅助性活动 15.商流活动可以创造物资的( B)。 A、空间效用 B、所有权效用 C、时间效用 D、形质效用 16.生产系统的两个支柱是( C )。 A、加工活动和信息 B、物流活动和信息 C、加工活动和物流活动 D、商流和物流 17.按照物流系统的作用、属性、及作用的空间范围，可以从不同角度对物流进行分类，以下不属于按照作用分类结果的是（ C ） A、销售物流 B、生产物流 C、行业物流 D、供应物流 18.企业物流合理化并不能（ A ） A、优化产品结构，减少产品成本 B、缩短生产周期，加快资金周转 C、压缩库存数量，减少流动资金的占用 D、通过物流改善提高企业的管理水平 19.物流的灵魂在于系统，用系统的观点来组织物流活动是现代物流的（D）。 A、关键问题 B、技术问题 C、基本问题 D、核心问题 20.（D）不属于物流系统工程的研究内容。 A、物流系统的规划与设计 B、企业内部物流运输（或搬运）与储存的控制和管理 C、运输和搬运设备、容器与包装的设计和管理 D、物流信息系统的开发和维护 21.物流信息系统具有集成化、（ B ）、实时化、网络化、智能化等主要特点 A、集中化 B、模块化 C、复杂化 D、简约化 22.国际物流的特点不包括是：（D） A. 国际性 B.差异性 C.复杂性 D.单一性 23.不属于衡量企业物流质量的主要因素的是：（A） A. 物流网络 B.物流时间 C.物流成本 D.物流效率 24.物流企业是为（D）提供服务的。 A. 企业 B.生产商 C.中间商 D.社会用户 25.物流信息技术中，EDI是指（C） A. 地理信息系统 B.全球卫星定位系统 C. 电子数据交换系统 D.销售时点信息系统 26.下列哪一项是物流企业用于交换商业文件的标准形式（C） A.DIF B.EIF C.EDI D.DEF 27.广泛用于导航、实时监控、动态调度、货物跟踪、运输线路的规划与分析的物流信息技术是（D） A. GPS技术 B.GIS技术 C.条形码技术 D.射频技术 28.物流系统按地域范围分不包括（D） A.区域物流 B.国际物流 C.国内物流 D.宏观物流 29.（A）是保障商品的交易进行，实现商品价值与使用价值的物质基础。 A.商流 B.物流 C.资金流 D.信息流 30.无线射频标签技术的终端是手持式便携数据扫描仪，具有（A）功能 A.无线通讯 B.暂时存储 C.联网输送 D.自动扫描 31.物流信息的特征是信息量大、来源多样化和（A） A.更新快 B.单一化 C.对向传输 D.更新慢 32.（Ｂ）是组织物流系统运行的基础物质条件，包括物流站、场、物流中心、仓库，物流线路，建筑公路、铁路、港口等。 A.物流技术 B.物流设施 C.物流设备 D.物流装备
物流学习题及参考答案
《物流学》习题及参考答案 一、名词解释 1．物流 2. 国际物流 3. 物流结点 4. 订货周期 5. 供应链 6．包装标准 7. 配送中心 8. ABC分类管理方法 9. 运输 10. 生产物流 11包装标准化 12.配送 13.公开招标 14.合理运输 15.回收物流 16．保税区 17. 包装 18.共同配送 19. 租船运输 20. 供应物流 21．国际多式联运 22. 即时配送 23. 议价 24. 顾客服务 25. 销售物流 26．大陆桥运输 27. 物流中心 28. 经济订货批量 29. 延伸服务 30. 废弃物流 答案： 物流：是物品从供应地向接收地的实体流动过程，根据实际需求，将运输、储存、装卸、搬运、包装、流通加工、配送、信息处理等基本功能实施有机结合。 国际物流：是不同国家(地区)之间的物流。 物流结点：是物流网络中物流线路的连接点或端点。 订货周期：又称订货提前期。从客户的角度讲，是指从准备订货到货物收到的间隔时间。供应链(supply chain)：是生产及流通过程中，涉及将产品或服务提供给最终用户活动的上游与下游企业，所形成的网链结构。(或：供应链是围绕核心企业，通过对信息流、物流、资金流的控制，从采购原材料开始，制成中间产品以及最终产品，最后由销售网络把产品送到
消费者手中的将供应链、制造商、分销商、零售商、直到最终用户连成一个整体的功能网链结构模式) 包装标准：是对包装标志，包装所用的材料规格，质量，包装的技术要求，包装件的试验方法等的技术规定。 配送中心：从事配送业务的物流场所或组织，应基本符合以下要求：主要为特定的客户服务；配送功能健全；完善的信息网络；辐射范围小；多品种，小批量；以配送为主，仓储为辅。ABC分类管理方法：就是将库存物资按重要程度分为特别重要的库存(A类)、一般 重要的库存(B类)和不重要的库存(C类)三个等级，然后针对不同等级分别进行管 理和控制。 运输：是指用设备和工具，将物品从一地点向另一地点运送的物流活动。其中包括集货、分配、搬运、中转、装入、卸下、分散等一系列操作。 生产物流：生产过程中，原材料、在制品、半成品、产成品等在企业内部的实体流动称为生产物流。生产物流和生产流程同步，是从原材料购进开始直到产成品发送为止的全过程的物流活动。 包装标准化：是对产品包装的类型、规格、产量、使用的包装材料、包装容器的结构造型、印刷标志及产品的盛放、衬垫、封装方式，名词术语，检验要求等加以统一规定，并贯彻实施相应的政策和技术措施。 配送：是在经济合理区域范围内，根据用户要求，对物品进行拣选、加工、包装、分割、组配等作业，并按时送达指定地点的物流活动。 公开招标：是采购方事先规定招标之标的有关规范，包括货物品质、品牌、报价方式、投标手续、运输方式、交货日期、品质检验等。公开征求供应商交货承制的采购方式。 合理运输:物品从生产地到消费地的运输过程中,从全局利益出发,力求运输距离短,运输能力省,运输费用低,中转少,到达速度快,运输质量高,并充分有效发挥各种运输工具的作用和运输能力的运输方式. 回收物流：是对不合格物品的返修、退货以及周转用的包装容器从需方返回到供方所形成的物品实体流动。 保税区：指一国海关所设置的或经海关注册的特定地区。 包装：是为在流通过程中保护产品，方便储运，促进销售，按一定技术方法而采用的容器、材料及辅助物等的总体名称。 共同配送：是物流配送作业之间为了提高配送效率及实现配送合理化所建立的一种功能互补的配送联合式。 租船运输：指根据协议，租船人向船舶所有人租赁船舶用于货物运输并按商定运价向船舶所有人支付运费或租金的水上运输方式 供应物流：为生产企业提供原材料，零部件或其他物品时，物品在提供者与需求者之间的实体流动。 国际多式联运：指按照多式联运合同，以至少两种不同的运输方式，由多式联运经营人将货物从一国境内的接管地点运至另一国境内指定交付地点的货物运输方式。 即时配送：是一种比较特殊的配送，其表现在用户对配送提出的一些临时性突发需求，要求配送方完全按照其所要求的时间，品种和数量随机进行配送的方式。 议价：基于货物专利或特定条件与个别供应商进行接融洽谈，不公开当众竞标，纯系买卖双方面对面就货物价格讨价还价，最终确定货物供应商的采购方式。 顾客服务：是衡量物流系统为某种商品或服务创造时间和空问效用的好坏尺度，这包括从接受顾客订单开始到商品送到顾客手中为止而发生的所有服务活动。 销售物流：生产企业，流通企业出售商品时，物品在供方与需方之间的实体流通。
现代物流学 A 试题
院 系 学 号 姓 名 班 级 学 号 姓 名
C．整车运输D．零担运输 11、在产品或内包装的整个表面都用缓冲材料衬垫的包装方法是：（） A．悬浮式包装B．部分缓冲包装 C．全面缓冲包装D．防潮包装 12、按用户的订货要求，在物流据点进行分货、配货等工作，并将配好之货物按时送达指定的地点和收货人的物流活动是：（） A．送货B．输送 C．配送D．运输 13、以强化输送，保护产品为目的的包装称为（）。 A．物流包装B．运输包装 C．销售包装D．配送包装 14、以下不属于生鲜食品的流通加工类型的是：（） A．除矸加工B．冷冻加工 C．分装加工D．精制加工 15、由于消费者需求的多样化、个性化，( )的进货方式将对物流需求产生直接影响。A．小批量、少批次B．小批量、多批次 C．大批量、少批次D．大批量、多批次 16、以下属于二维条码码制的是（） A．Code 49 码B．UPC-A码 C．Code 39 码D．EAN-13码 17、用于采集、模拟、处理、检索、分析和表达地理空间数据的计算信息系统是( ) A．GIS B．GPS C．POS D．EDI 18、不存在效益背反的是( ) A．运输与库存B．顾客服务水平与物流成本 C．采购物流与销售物流D．简化包装与货物的保管效率 19、不属于绿色包装的是( ) A．可食性包装B．可降解包装C．可重用包装D．一次性包装 20、不属于衡量企业物流质量的主要因素是( ) A．物流时间B．物流成本C．物流效率D．物流网络 21、( ) 是指将部分废旧物料通过收集、分类、加工、供应等环节转化成新的产品，重新投入到生产或消费领域的过程。 A．回收物流B．废弃物流 C．供应物流D．场内物流 22、物品在从生产地到使用地过程中，根据需要施加包装、分割、计量、分拣、组装、价格贴付、标签贴付、商品检验等简单作业是( ) A.货物分拣 B.生产加工 C.配送 D.流通加工 23、主要承担大数量、长距离的运输，在干线运输起主力作用的运输形式是（）。
现代物流学考试试题答案资料
最新现代物流学考试试题答 案资料 【最新资料， WORD文档，可编辑修改】复查人：合分人： 评卷人分数 1分，共 20分）二、单选题（每空 C）行业。1.物流业是一种（ 生活性 B. A.生产性 D.消费性 C.服务性 国际标准化组织（ISO）认定的物流基础模数尺寸是（ A ）。2. 400mm × 400mm ×× 200mm × 200mm 向社会提供运输、储存、装卸搬运、流通加工、包装及物流信息等服务的能力称为3. ）。A（ 物流需求 B.物流链A. D.物流量物流供给C. ）。D 4.企业将物流系统全部承包给第三方物流供应商称为（ 物流战略联盟A.物流系统剥离 B. C.物流系统接管 D.物流业务外包 5.生产企业出售时，物品在供方与需方之间的实体流动称为（）。C 企业内物流A.采购物流 B. 销售物流 D.退货物流C.在同一地域范围内进行的，以改变物的存放状态和空间位置为主要内容和目的的活6. ）。动称为（ B A.运输 B.装卸搬运 D.配送流通加工 C. 的服务。) A (配送是面向7. A.终点用户 B.中间用户 C.始点厂家 D.中间厂家 8.下列选项中不是配送的功能要素的是（B）。
A.送货 B.包装 C.分拣 D.配货 9.不属于物流增值服务功能的是（C）。 A.加快反应速度 B.业务延伸 C.订货 D.增加便利性 10.下列表述中不属于物流信息特点的是(C )。 A.物流信息种类多 B.物流信息动态性强 C.物流信息对提高经济效益起着非常重要的作用 D.物流信息量大﹑分布广 11.物流运输增值的时间效用表现为通过物品流通过程中的劳动克服了物品( C )时间上的不一致。 A.生产 B.消费 C.生产和消费 D.采购 12.最具灵活性的运输方式是( A )。 A.公路运输 B.铁路运输 C.航空运输 D.远洋运输 13.不适合航空运输货物的是( D )。 A.高附加值产品 B.紧急救援物资 C.生鲜食品 D.大宗低值物品 14.( A ) 是指将部分废旧物料通过收集、分类、加工、供应等环节转化成新的产品，重新投入到生产或消费领域的过程。 A.回收物流 B.废弃物流 C.供应物流 D.场内物流 15.物流是指物资的物质实体由供应者到需求者的流动，包括：（ D ）。 物资空间位置的变动和时间位置的变动 A. B.物资空间位置的变动和形状性质的变动 C.物资时间位置的变动和形状性质的变动 D.物资空间位置的变动、时间位置的变动和形状性质的变动 16.对象物所有权转移的活动称为（ A ）。 A.商流 B.物流 C.信息流 D.流通辅助性活动 17.生产与流通之间的关系是（ A ）。 A.生产决定流通，流通对生产有反作用 B.流通决定生产，流通对生产有反作用 C.生产决定流通，生产对流通有反作用 D.流通决定生产，生产对流通有反作用 18.商流活动可以创造物资的（ B ）。 A.空间效用 B.所有权效用 C.时间效用 D.形质效用 19.码头是物流系统中的（ C ）。
物流学概论复习题及参考答案..
物流学概论复习题及参考答案..
物流学概论复习题及参考答案 一、单选题 1、企业供应物流、生产物流、销售物流、废弃物物流和回收物流是属于（ B ）。 A 社会物流 B 企业物流 C 区域物流 D 综合物流 2、对于一个零售商，物流活动主要发生在它的（ C ）与零售商之间。 A 货物运输 B 生产部门 C 配送中心 D 消费者 3、存在于几乎所有的社会经济系统中的物流是（ B ）。 A 智能型物流 B 人工物流 C 机械物流 D 集成物流 4、物流创造空间价值是由现代社会产业结构和（ C ）所决定的。 A 社会供给 B 社会生产 C 社会分工 D 社会需求 5、物流早期发展的价值体现主要在（ B ）。 A 经济价值方面 B 军事后勤方面 C 生产消费方面 D 商品流通方面 6、下面哪种（ C ）采购模式是一种没有竞争的采购方式。
A 分散采购 B 集中采购 C 单一来源采购 D 招标采购 7、可以说不合理运输的最严重形式是（ D ）。 A 重复运输 B 迂回运输 C 倒流运输 D 空车无货载行驶 8、以促进销售为主要目的的包装被称为（ C ）。 A 工业包装 B 运输包装 C 商业包装 D 缓冲包装 9、流通加工合理化的含义是尽量实现流通加工的（ A ）。 A 最优配置 B 最好配送 C 最快运输 D 最有效方法 10、企业间的物流信息一般采用（ D ）标准。 A 编制条形码 B 扫描 C 拷贝 D 电子数据交换 11. 一个完整的物流实体网络至少要包括（ B ）和物流结点。 A．物流企业 B，物流线路 c．物流网络D．物流信息 12. （ B ）线路的种类是线路里面量多、最复杂的。 A．铁路 B．公路 C．水运 D．空运13. 物流系统中各环节的相互衔接是通过( A )予
《现代物流学》习题答案
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现代物流学试题一及答案
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