小学英语语法_四大时态知识讲解

四大时态复习

1. 一般现在时

（1）一般现在时的构成（肯定句）

☆be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。

☆行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：We study English.我们学习英语。

☆当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时，要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。

如：Mary likes Chinese. 玛丽喜欢汉语。

（2）一般现在时的变化

☆. be动词的变化。

[否定句]：主语+ be + not +其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。

[一般疑问句]：Be +主语+其它。如：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.

[特殊疑问句]：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Where is my bike?

☆.行为动词的变化。

[否定句]：主语+ don't( doesn't ) +动词原形(+其它)。如：I don't like bread.

当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn't构成否定句。如：He doesn't often play.

[一般疑问句]：Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。如：- Do you often play football?

- Yes, I do. / No, I don't.

当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。

如：- Does she go to work by bike? - Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.

[特殊疑问句]：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：How does your father go to work?

*动词+s的变化规则

1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks

2．以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes 3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：study-studies

2.现在进行时

（1）一般现在时的构成：be(am,is, are)+ 动词的ing形式。如：I am reading. 我正在读书（2）现在进行时的否定句在be后加not，即be(am,is, are) + not + 动词的ing形式。

如：She is not doing her homework now. 她现在没有做作业。

（3）现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首，即Be(am,is, are) + 人+ 动词ing形式。

如：Are you drinking milk now? 你现在在喝牛奶吗？

（4）现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：疑问词+ be + 人+ 动词ing?

如：Where are you going? 你现在去哪？

但who当主语时其结构为：Who + be + 动词ing?

如：Who is talking to you? 谁在和你说话？

*动词加ing的变化规则

1．一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking

2．以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting

3．如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping

3.一般将来时

（1）一般将来时基本结构：①be going to + do（动词原形）；②will+ do（动词原形）. （2）[否定句]：在be动词（am, is, are）后加not或情态动词will后加not成won’t。

结构为：be(am, is, are) + not + 动词原形will not + 动词原形(will not = won’t) 例如：①I’m going to have a picnic this afternoon.

→I’m not going to have a picnic this afternoon.

②I will go shopping this weekend.

→I will not go shopping this weekend.= I won’t go shopping this weekend.

（3）[一般疑问句]：be或will提到句首，some改为any, and改为or，第一二人称互换。

例如：①We are going to go on an outing this weekend.

→Are you going to go on an outing this weekend?

②I will play football tomorrow afternoon.

→Will you play football tomorrow afternoon?

（4）[特殊疑问句]

①问人用Who

例如：I’m going to New York soon. →Who’s going to New York soon.

②问干什么用What …do.

例如：My father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon.

→What is your father going to do with you this afternoon.

③问什么时候用When.

例如：She’s going to go to bed at nine. →When is she going to bed?

4.一般过去时

（1）．[肯定句] be动词在一般过去时中的变化：

☆am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。（was not=wasn’t）

☆are在一般过去时中变为were。（were not=weren’t）

行为动词在一般过去时的句子中要变成过去式（一般是在句子后面加ed）

（2）[否定句]：be动词变成was not(wasn’t) 或were not (weren’t)

如：He wasn’t a teacher two years ago.

didn’t +动词原形

如：Jim didn’t go home yesterday.

（3）[一般疑问句]

有be动词的一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。

如：Were you a teacher two years ago?

句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子,在句首加did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。

如：Did Jim go home yesterday?

（4）[特殊疑问句]：①疑问词+did+主语+动词原形？

如：What did Jim do yesterday?

②疑问词是who时：疑问词+动词过去式？

如：Who went to home yesterday?

* 动词过去式变化规则：

☆．一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked

☆．结尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted

☆．末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped

☆．以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i，再加-ed，如：study-studied

☆．不规则动词过去式：

am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took,

run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode,

speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat

【随堂练习】

一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数

drink ________ go _______ stay ________ make ________ look _________ have_______ pass_______ carry ____ come________ watch______ plant_______ fly ________

study_______ brush________ do_________ teach_______

二、按照要求改写句子

1. Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为否定句)

___________________________________________________

2. I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)

________________________________________________________

3. She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答)

___________________________

4. I like taking photos in the park.(对划线部分提问)

________________________________________________________

5. John comes from Canada.(对划线部分提问)

___________________________________________________

三．写出下列动词的现在分词：

play________ run__________ swim _________make__________ go_________ like________ write________ _ski___________ read________ have_________ sing ________ dance_________ put_________ see________ buy _________ love____________ live_______ take_________ come ________ get_________ stop_________ sit ________ begin________ shop___________

四、句型转换：

1. They are doing housework .(改成否定句)

_____________________________________________________________

2．The students are cleaning the classroom . ( 改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答)

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

3．I’m playing the football in the playground .(对划线部分进行提问)

_________________________________________________________________

4．Tom is reading books in his study . (对划线部分进行提问)

_________________________________________________________________

五．填空。

1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。

I_____ _______ _________ have a picnic with my friends.

I ________ have a picnic with my friends.

2. 下个星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打篮球。

What ________ ________ _________ _________ _________ next Monday? I _______ ______ _____ play basketball.

What _________ you do next Monday? I ________ play basketball.

3. 你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。

_____ your mother _______ ________ go shopping this ___________? Yes, she _________.

She ______ ________ __________ buy some fruit.

4. 你们打算什么时候见面。

What time _______ you _________ __________ meet?

5. Nancy is going to go camping.（改否定）

Nancy ________ going to go camping.

6. I’ll go and join them.（改否定）

I _______ go ______ join them.

7. I’m going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.（改一般疑问句）

________ _______ ________ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?

8. We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.（改一般疑问句）

_______ ________ meet at the bus stop at 10:30.

9. She is going to listen to music after school.（对划线部分提问）

________ _______ she ________ ________ _________ after school?

10. My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.(对划线部分提问)

_________ _________ going to see a play the day after tomorrow.

七．写出下列动词的过去式

fly_______ plant________ are ________ drink_________ play_______ go________

make ________ does_________ dance________ worry________ ask _____ taste_________ eat__________ draw________ put ______ throw________ kick_________ pass_______

do ________

八、句型转换

1. It was exciting.

否定句：________________________________________________

一般疑问句：____________________________________________

肯、否定回答：__________________________________________

2. All the students were very excited.

否定句：________________________________________________

一般疑问句：____________________________________________

肯、否定回答：__________________________________________

3. They were in his pocket.

否定句：________________________________________________

一般疑问句：____________________________________________ 肯、否定回答：__________________________________________

4. Su Hai took some photos at the Sports day.

否定句：________________________________________________

一般疑问句：____________________________________________

肯、否定回答：__________________________________________

5. Nancy went to school early.

否定句：________________________________________________

一般疑问句：____________________________________________

肯、否定回答：__________________________________________

6. We sang some English songs.

否定句：________________________________________________

一般疑问句：____________________________________________ 肯、否定回答：__________________________________________

小学英语四大时态测试题打

小学英语四大时态测试题 一、写出下列单词的现在分词：（1分） speak ______ 2. run _______ 3. swim ______ 4. do ____ask _______ 6. begin _______ 7. dance ______ 8.eat ______9. sing ________ 10 fly _______ 11. jog ______12. come ______13. talk ____ 14. sleep ______ 15. fight _____ 16.jump ______17. get _________18. buy _______ 19. cook __________ 20.skate __________ 二、写出下列动词的过去式或动词原形。（1分） 1. go_____ 2. is_____ 3.buy_____ 4.swim_____ 5. have ______ 6. watched ________ 7. ate_____ 8. got_____ 9. lived ______10. saw ___ 11. spend _____ 12. talk ______13. do ______14. teach _______ 15. win ______ 16. like _______ 17. write _______18. cry ______ 19. study _____ 20. ask __________ 三、用单词的正确形式填空：（1分） 1.Mike _________ (do) his homework every day. 2.There __________(be) some water in the glass. 3.I like singing. I often _________(listen) to the music in the evening. 4. look! Chen Jie and Mike are ___________（sing）now. 5. The small bear is ________ (climb) the tree. 6. My father is ________ (read) a newspaper in living room.

小学英语四大时态结构讲解

一般过去时的陈述句：主语+动词过去式+宾语 一般过去时的否定句：主语+didn't +动词原形+宾语主语+ was/were not +宾语 一般过去时的一般疑问句：Did + 主语+ 动词原形+宾语？was/were +主语+宾语？ ① 示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时 间状语连用，如：yesterday, last night, in 1999, two weeks ago等。 ②表示过去经常或反复发生的动作，常和often, always等表 示频度的副词连用。 ③规则动词过去式的构成如下： 1）在动词原形末尾+ed: look—looked, play—played 2）结尾是e的动词+d: live—lived, hope—hoped 3）结尾是“元音字母+辅音字母”的重读音节词，先双写这 个辅音字母，再+ed: stop—stopped, trip—tripped 4）结尾是“辅音字母+y”的动词，先变y为i，再+ed: study —studied, carry—carried ④不规则动词要逐一记忆，可参考不规则动词表。 一般过去时的特殊疑问句:：特殊疑问词+一般过去时的一般疑问句一般过去时态: （1）表示过去已经发生的事情,通常用―last week, just now, yesterday‖等词。（2）be 动词的过去式: am/is—wa

s are—were I/He/she/it was(not)….You/we/they were…. 一般疑问句was, were 放在句首。（3）过去式基本结构肯定句（Positive）动词过去式I went shopping last night. 否定句(N egati ve) Didn’t + 动词原形I didn’t go shopping last night. 一般疑问句(Yes/No) Did …+ 动词原形…? Did you go shopping last night? 特殊疑问句(wh-) What did…+ 动词原形…? What did yo u do last night? (4)动词过去式的变化：规则动词的变化：一般动词+ed planted,watered,climbed 以不发音的e结 尾+d liked 辅音字母加y结尾-y+ ied study—studied, cry- cried 重读闭音节单词，末尾只有一个辅音字母双写最后一个字母+ed stop –stopped plan - planned 不规则动词的变化：原形过去式原形过去式原形过去式原形过去式sweep swept te ach taught have had go went keep kept think thought do did find found sleep slept buy bought eat ate say said feel felt dri nk drank is/am was take took read read give gave are were mean meant put put sing sang drive drove meet met cut cut begin began speak spoke make made let let ring rang write w rote see saw fly flew run ran ride rode come came draw dre w sit sat hear heard tell told grow grew learn learned/ learnt get got know knew

小学英语时态讲解

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Did they go to the supermarket?他们去过超市吗? 动词过去式的变化规则： 1、在单词尾直接加ed 2、辅音后面接y的改y为i，再加ed 3、辅音元音结尾双写最后的字母再加ed 4、存在特殊变化的需要大家去记 现在进行时 主要描述正在发生的事情 结构：肯定句：主语+be+动词的现在分词形式 I am singing我在唱歌 否定句：在be后面加否定not He is not playing game他没在玩游戏 疑问句：be提前 Are you reading?你在看书吗? 动词的现在分词规则：1、词尾直接加ing 2、词尾有e要去e再加ing 3、词尾以辅音元音结尾，双写最后的字母再加ing 一般将来时 主要描述将来要发生的动作 结构：1、肯定句：主语+be going to+动词原形 I am going to play games我打算玩游戏去 否定句：在be后面加not I am not going to play games我不是要玩游戏去 疑问句：be提前

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小学英语四种时态的区 分及练习 HEN system office room 【HEN16H-HENS2AHENS8Q8-HENH1688】

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小学英语时态讲解 小学阶段一共学了四种时态，分别是：一般现在时，一般将来时，现在进行时，一般过去时。 下面我们一一进行总结。 1、一般现在时 A、表示不受时限的客观存在 如：He is a boy. She is a student. My mother is a nurse. This is a dog. I have a story-book. B、表示现在的习惯动作，即指现在经常发生的动作，一般现在时常用来表示现在时间里某种动作的经常性和习惯性。它常与表示程度或频度的词连用，如：often（经常） , usually （通常，一般） , sometimes（有时） , always（总是，一直） , never（从不） 如：I often go to school on foot. My father works in a school. Mike watches TV every day. I usually play computer games on the weekend. C、表示现时的状态和现在瞬间动作 如：How are you You look happy. What’s the matter with you I have a headache. What do you have for lunch I have some chicken. ☆注意☆英语动词的现在时与原形同形。但当主语是第三人称单数时，须在词尾加-s 或-es。例如： I have a fish for dinner. Her mother works in a hospital. Amy often goes to school by bike. Mr. Liu teaches us English. 加-es 的动词必须是以“sh , ch , o ”等字母结尾的。 如：watches , teaches , goes , washes 2、一般将来时 表示在将来会发生的事或动作。它常与表示将来的时间连用，如：tomorrow , next week , next year , this morning , this afternoon , this evening 等。 ☆注意☆一般将来时小学阶段主要学了两种结构： ①be going to + 动词的原形 / 地点②will + 动词的原形 例句：I’m going to go shopping this afternoon. She is going to Hong Kong next week. You will see many birds in the sky. 3、现在进行时 表示说话时正在进行的动作或现阶段一直在进行的动作。 ☆注意☆它的构成是：be的现在时形式（am , is , are）加动词的ing形式。如：What are you doing I’m writing a l etter. What are they doing They’re swimming. Is he playing chess Yes, he is. Look, Amy is reading an English book. ☆注意☆动词的ing形式的构成规则： ①一般的直接在后面加上ing , 如doing , going , working , singing , eating ②以e 结尾的动词，要先去e再加ing ，如having , writing ③双写最后一个字母的（此类动词极少）有：running , swimming , sitting , getting ４、一般过去时

小学英语语法时态总结

小学英语语法时态总结 1、一般现在时：“总经常有每没(美眉^^)复星周” 总：always， usually等 经常：often 有：sometimes (记住，“有”不是have，而是“有时”) 每：every week/month/year 等 没：never 复星周：on Mondays， on Tuesdays等 2、一般过去时：“昨天上个XX(读作叉叉)前，in加年份when字连” 昨天：yesterday，后面能够加morning， afternoon，evening 等 上个：last，后面能够加week， month，year等 XX前：ago，前面能够加three weeks/months/years ago in加年份：in 2009/2008/1986/1220等，2020前全用一般过去时，后年2020前就都是过去时了，2020，世界末日?电影看多了。 when字连：when I was a child等 when字后面都是过去时，也 要用一般过去时。 3、一般将来时时间标志口诀：正好和一般过去时对应：“明天下 个XX后” 明天：tomorrow，后面能够加morning， afternoon，evening 下个：next，后面能够加week， month，year等

XX后：after和in，后面能够加three weeks/months/years 这里要注意一下，after后加时间点才表示将来，如after 3 o‘clock 。加时间段表示过去，如after 2 hours 表示过去。in后加时间段表将来，如in two years。 4、现在实行时：“现在时刻看和听，最近在哪请安静。” 现在：now， at present， at the moment等 时刻：It’s ten o‘clock. I’m beating Xiaoqiang. 看和听：Look! Listen!后面一般都用现在实行时。 最近：What are you doing recently/these days? 在哪：Where is Xiao Z? Xiao Z is beating Xiaoqiang. 请安静：Be qui et!/Don‘t make any noise!/Stop making noise! Xiaoqiang is sleeping