单兆伟教授脾胃病学术思想
?1850?中华中医药杂志(原中国医药学报)2012年7月第27卷第7期CJTCMP,July 2012,Vol.27,No.7
·临证经验·
单兆伟教授脾胃病学术思想初探
戴高中1，沙玲1（指导：单兆伟2）
（1无锡市中医医院，无锡 214001；2江苏省中医医院，南京 200029）
摘要：单教授继承了孟河医派的精髓，立论以和缓为宗，临床辨证细腻准确, 调理脾胃病不离升降、润燥、清化、消补。制方用药，戒偏戒杂，用药轻灵平正。虽学术渊源自孟河, 但能顺应时代的发展，在脾胃的辨证治
疗上衷中参西，宏观辨证和微观辨证互参，中医辨证和西医辨病相结合。
关键词：单兆伟；名老中医；脾胃病；孟河学派；学术思想
基金资助：江苏省首届优秀中青年中医临床人才高级研修项目资助（No.苏中医政[2007]72号）
Analysis on Professor SHAN Zhao-wei’s academic thoughts on
spleen and stomach disease
DAI Gao-zhong1, SHA Ling1 (Advisor: SHAN Zhao-wei2)
( 1Wuxi Hospital of TCM, Wuxi 214001, China; 2Jiangsu Province Hospital of TCM, Nanjing 200029, China )
Abstract: Professor SHAN inherited the essence of Meng-He medical school, and set harmony and gentle as the principle of his view with delicate and accurate clinical syndrome differentiation, regulated the spleen and stomach based on
descending and ascending, moistening, dispelling and tonfiying methods. The medicine in his prescription is simple and smooth
rather than uncommon or complicated. Though deriving from Meng-He, his academic thoughts met the needs of modern
development in the term of combination of Chinese and western medicine, macroscopic and microscopic differentiation, Chinese
syndrome differentiation and western disease differentiation.
Key words: SHAN Zhao-wei; Renowned and experienced Traditional Chinese Medicine doctor; Spleen and stomach disease; Meng-He medcial school; Academic thoughts
Funds assistance: First Advanced Training Program for Outstanding Young Clinical Professionals of Chinese Medicine in Jiangsu Province (No.[2007]72)
单兆伟教授是江苏省名中医，全国第四批名老中医药专家学术继承指导教师，全国著名脾胃病专家。早期受业于孟河学派名医马培之再传弟子张泽生教授，薪尽火传，继承了孟河医学精髓。年过五旬又拜国医大师、脾胃病专家徐景藩教授为师，苦学三载，兼收并蓄，学验更丰。笔者随师数载，朝夕教诲，收益颇多，唯才疏学浅，以郄视文，现将其治疗脾胃病的学术思想浅探如下，权作引玉之砖。
医崇和缓，学归醇正
单教授其学渊源于孟河，崇尚和缓醇正及归醇纠偏的学术思想。医崇和缓，“和”则无猛峻之剂，“缓”则无急切之功，“和缓”乃孟河学派之特色。“立论以和缓平正为宗，治法以清润平稳为主”[1]。吾师谨遵古训，其在治疗脾胃病的处方用药上，大都轻、灵、巧见长，纵观其治疗脾胃病的方药具有以下特点：一是处方轻清简约，方药平和。遵循性平药轻、不失和缓的制方准则，其认为辛热少用温运脾阳，过量则伤及胃阴，苦寒少用健胃，过量则败胃。脾胃既伤，则用药更勿伐生生之气。吴鞠通对三焦用药有“中焦如衡，非平不安”之论，吾师处方整体配伍也要求其平，不能过偏于寒热温燥之一端，且药量不宜太重，处方不宜太大，否则药过病所，徒伤胃气，应中病即止。常以平淡之品，收奇效之功，每张处方8至9味药，不超过12味，常选药性平和、口感较好且不伤脾胃之药以缓图其效，使病人能够接受长期治疗。同时经云：“大毒治病，十去其六；常毒治病，十去其七；小毒治病，十去其八，谨和五味，食养尽之”，因而认为治疗不可完全依药物攻治，以求所谓祛邪勿尽，而当以饮食调养，待脾气旺，正气复，余邪自去也。二是化湿慎勿香燥伤阴，清热须防苦寒败胃。
通讯作者：戴高中，无锡市后溪西33号无锡市中医医院，邮编：214001，电话：0510-********转2121，E-mail：adigaozhong@https://www.wendangku.net/doc/cf17901792.html,