大学英语四级阅读40篇(含答案)

书名：《大学英语四级阅读200篇》前40篇

出版社：上海交通大学出版社

1/200.

There are three kinds of goals: short-term, medium-range and long-term goals. Short-range goals are those that usually deal with current activities, which we can apply on a daily basis. Such goals can be achieved in a week or less, or two weeks, or possible months. It should be remembered that just as a buildin g is no stronger than its foundation, out long-term goals cannot amount to ver y munch without the achievement of solid short-term goals. Upon completing o ur short-term goals, we should date the occasion and then add new short-term goals that will build on those that have been completed.

The intermediate goals bukld on the foundation of the short-range goals. They might deal with just one term of school or the entire school year, or they cou ld even extend for several years. Any time you move a step at a time, you sh ould never allow yourself to become discouraged or overwhelmed. As you com plete each step, you will enforce the belief in your ability to grow adn succee d. And as your list of completion dates grow, your motivation and desire will increase.

Long-range goals may be related to our dreams of the future. They might cov er five years or more. Life is not a static thing. We should never allow a lon g-term goal to limit us or our course of action.

1. Our long-term goals mean a lot ________.

a. if we complete our short-range goals

b. if we cannot reach solid short-term goals

c. if we write down the dates

d. if we put forward some plans

2. New short-term goals are bulid upon ________.

a. two years

b. long-term goals

c. current activities

d. the goals that have been completed

3. When we complete each step of our goals, ________.

a. we will win final success

b. we are overwhelmed

c. we should build up confidence of success

d. we should strong desire for setting new goals

4. Once our goals are drawn up, ________.

a. we should stick to them until we complete them

b. we may change our goals as we have new ideas and opportunities

c. we had better wait for the exciting news of success

d. we have made great decision

5. It is implied but not stated in the passage that ________.

a. those who habe long-term goals will succeed

b. writing down the dates may discourage you

c. the goal is only a guide for us to reach our desination

d. every should have a goal

1/200答案：adcbc

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The economy of the United states after 1952 was the econnomy of a well-fed, almost fully employed people. Despit occasional alarms, the country escaped a ny postwar depression and lived in a state of boom. A n economic survey of the year 1955, a typical year of the 1950's, may be typical as illustrating the r apid economic growth of the decade. The national output was value at 10 perc ent above that of 1954 (1955 output was estimated at 392 billion dollars). The production of manufacturers was about 40 percent more than it had averaged in the years immediately following World War 2. The country's business spent about 30 billion dollars for new factories and machinery. National income ava ilable for spending was almost a third greater than it had been it had been in 1950. Consumers spent about 256 billion dollars; that is about 700 million doll ars a day, or about twenty-five million dollars every hour, all round the clock. Sixty-five million people held jobs and only a little more than two million w anted jobs but could not find them. Only agriculture complained that it was no t sharing in the room. To some observers this was an ominous echo of the mi d-1920's. As farmer's shre of their products declined, marketing costs rose. But there were, among the observers of the national economy, a few who were n ot as confident as the majority. Those few seemed to fear that the boom could not last and would eventually lead to the oppsite-depression.

1. What is the best title of the passage?

a. The Agriculatural Trends of 1950's

b. The Unemployment Rate of 1950's

c. U. S. Economy in the 50's

d. The Federal Budget of 1952

2. In Line 4, the word “boom” could best be replaced by ________.

a. nearby explosion

b. thunderous noise

c. general public support

d. rapid economic growth

3. It can be inferred the national from the passage that most people in the U nited States in 1955 viewed the national economy with an air of ________.

a. confidence

b. confusion

c. disappointment

d. suspicion

4. Which of the following were LEAST satisfied with the national economy i n the 1950's?

a. Economists

b. Frmaers

c. Politicians

d. Steelworkers

5. The passage states that incom available for spending in the U. S. was grea ter in 1955 than in 1950. How much was it?

a. 60％

b. 50％

c. 33％

d. 90％

2/200答案：cdabc

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Women are also underrepresented in the administration and this is because ther e are so few women full professors. In 1985, Regent Beryl Milburn produced a report blasting the University of Texas System adminitration for not encourag ing women. The University was rated among the lowest for the system. In a 1 987 update, Milburn commended the progress that was made and called for ev en more improvement.

One of the positive results from her study was a System-wide program to info rm women of available administrative jobs.

College of Communication Associate Dean Patrica Witherspoon, said it is impo rtant that woman be flexible when it comesto relocating if they want to rise in the ranks.

Although a woman may face a chilly climate on campus, many times in order for her to succeed, she must rise above the problems around her and concent rate on her work.

Until women make up a greater percentage of the senior positions in the Univ ersity and all academia, inequities will exist.

"Women need to spend their energies and time doing scholarly activities that a re important here at the University."Spirduso said."If they do that will be succ essful in this system. If they spend their time in little groups mourning the se xual discrimination that they think exists here, they are wasting valuable study time."

1. According to Spirduso, women need to ________.

a. produce a report on sexual discrimination

b. call for further improvement in their working conditions

c. spend their energies and time fighting against sexual discrimination

d. spend more time and energy doing scholarly activities

2. From this passage, we know that ________.

a. there are many women full professors in the University of Texas

b. women play an important part in adminitrating the University

c. the weather on the campus is chilly

d. women make up a small percentage of the senior positions in the Universi ty

3. Which of the following statements is true?

a. the number of women professors in the University in 1987 was greater tha n that of 1985

b. the number of women professors in the University in 1987 was smaller th an that of 1985

c. the number of women professors was the same as that of 1985

d. more and more women professors thought that sexual discrimination did ex it in the University

4. One of the positive results from Milburn's study was that ________.

a. women were told to con centrate on teir work

b. women were given information about available administrative jobs

c. women were encouraged to take on all the administrative jobs in the Unve rsity

d. women were encouraged to do more scholarly activities

5. The title for this passage should be ________.

a. The University of Texas

b. Milburn's Report

c. Women Professors

d. Sexual Discrimination in Academia

3/200答案：ddabd

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Today, as in every other day of the year, more than 3000 U. S. adlescents wil l smoke their first cigarette on their way to becoming regular smokers as adult s. During their lifetime, it can be expected that of these 3000 about 23 will b e murdered,30 will die in traffic accidents, and nearly 750 will be killed by a smoking-related disease. The number of deaths attributed to cigarette smoking outweithts all other factors, whether voluntary or involuntary, as a cause of d eath.

Since the late 1970 s, when daily smoking among high school seniors reached 30 precent, smoking rates among youth have declined. While the decline is i mpressive, several important issues must be raised.

First, in the past several years, smoking rates among youth have declined very little. Second, in the late 1970 s, smoking among male high school seniors e xceeded that among female by nearly 10 percent. The statistic is reversing. Thi rd, several recent studies have indicate high school dropouts have excessively h igh smoking rates, as much as 75 percent.

Finally, thouth significant declines in adolescent smoking have occurred in the past decade, no definite reasons for the decline exist. Within this context, the Naional Cancer Instiute (NCI) began its current effort to determine the most ef fecive measures to reduce smoking levesl among youth.

1. According to the author, the deaths among youth are mainly caused by __ ______.

a. traffic accidents

b. smoking-related desease

c. murder

d. all of these

2. Every day there are over ________ high school strdents who will become regular smoker.

a.75

b.23

c.30

d.3000

3. By "dropout" the author means ________.

a. students who failed the examination

b. students who left school

c. students who lost their way

d. students who were driven out of school

4. The reason for declining adolescent smoking is that ________.

a. NCI has taken effective measures

b. smoking is prevented among high school seniors

c. there are many smokers who have died of cancer

d. none of these

5. What is implied but not stated by the author is that ________.

a. smoking rates among youth have declined very little

b. there are now more female than male smokers among high school seniors

c. high smoking rates are due to the incease in wealth

d. smoking at high school are from low socio-economic backgrounds

4/200答案：bdbdb

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The food we eat seems to have profound effects on our health. Although scien ce has made enormous steps in making food more fit to eat, it has, at the sa me time, made many foods unfit to eat. Some research has shown that perhaps eighty percent of all human illnesses are related to diet and forty percent of cancer is related to the diet as well, especially cancer of the colon. Different c ultures are more likely to cause certain different illnesses because of the food that is characteristic in these cultures. That food is related to illness is nto a n ew discovery. In 1945, about 35 years ago, government researchers realized tha t nitrates, commonly used to preserve color in meats, and other food additivies, caused cancer. Yet, these carcinogenic additives remain in our food, and it be comes more difficult all the time to know which things on the packaging label s of processed food are helpful or harmful. The additives which we eat are no t all so direct. Farmers often give penicillin to beef and living animals, and be cause of this, penicillin has been found in the milk of treated cow. Sometimes similar drugs are given to animals not for medical purposes, but for financial reasons. The farmers are simply trying to fatten the animals in order to obtai n a higher price on the market. Although the Food and Drug Administration (FDA. has tried repeatedly to control these procedures, the practices continue.

1. What is the best possible title of the passage?

a. Drug and Food

b. Cancer and Health

c. Food and Health

d. Health and Drug

2. Which of the following statements is NOT ture?

a. Drugs are always given to animals for medical reasons

b. Some of the additives in our food are added to the food itself and some a re given to the living animals

c. Researchers have known about the potential dangers of food additives for over thirty-five years.

d. Food may cause forty percent of cancer in world.

3. How has science done something harmful to mankind?

a. Because of science, diseases caused by polluted food haven been virtually eliminated.

b. It has caused a lack of information concerning the value of food.

c. Because of the application of science, some potentially harmful substances have been added to foo

d.

d. The scientists have preserved the color of meats, but not of vegetables.

4. What are nitrates used for?

a. They preserve flavor in packaged foods.

b. They preserve the color of meats.

c. They are the objects of research.

d. They cause the animals to become fatter.

5. The word 'carcinogenic' most nearly means ' ________'.

a. trouble-making

b. color-retaining

c. money-making

d. cancer-causing

5/200答案：cacbd

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As the pace of life continues to increase, we are fast losing the art of relaxati on. Once you are in the habit of rushing through lift, being on the go from m orning till night, it is hard to slow down. But relaxation is essential for a heal thy mind and body.

Stress is an natural part of everyday lift and there is no way to avoid it. In f act, it is not the bad thing it is often supposed to be. A certain amount of str ess is vital to provide motivation adn give purpose to life. It is only when the stress gets out of control that it can lead to poor performance and ill health.

The amount of stress a person can withstand depends very much on the indivi dual. Some people are not afraid of stress, and such characters are obviously p rime material for managerial responsibilities. Others lose heart at the first signs of unusual difficulties. When exposed to stress, in whatever form, we react b oth chemically and physically. In fact we make choice between "fight"or"flight" and in more primitive days the choice made the difference between life or de ath. The crises we meet today are unlikely to be so extreme, but however littl e the stress, it involves the same response. It is when such a reaction lasts lon g, through continued exposure to stress, that health becomes endangered. Such serious conditions as high blood pressure and heart disease have established lin ks with stress. Since we cannot remove stress from our lives (it would be un wise to do so even if we could), we need to find ways to deal with it.

1. People are finding less and less time for relaxing themselves because ____ ____.

a. they do not know how to enjoy themselves

b. they do not believe that relaxation is important for health

c. they are travelling fast all the time

d. they are becoming busier with their work

2. According to the writer, the most important character for a good manager is his ________.

a. not fearing stress

b. knowing the art of relaxation

c. high sense of responsibility

d. having control over performance

3. Which of the follwing statements is ture?

a. We can find some ways to avoid stress

b. Stress is always harmful to people

c. It is easy to change the hagit of keeping oneself busy with work.

d. Different people can withstand different amounts of stress

4. In Paragraph 3, "such a reaction" refers back to ________.

a."making a choice between 'flight' or 'fight'"

b."reaction to stress both chemically and physically"

c."responding to crises quickly"

d."losing heart at the signs difficulties"

5. In the last sentence of the passage,"do so" refers to ________.

a."expose ourselves to stress"

b."find ways to deal with stress"

c."remove stress from our lives"

d."established links between diseases and stress"

6/200答案：dadbc

In the 1960 s, many young Americans were dissatisfied with American society. They wanted to end the Vietnam War and to make all of the people in the U. S. epual. Some of them decided to "drop out"of American society and for m their own societies. They formed utopian communities, which they called"co mmunes,"where they could follow their philosophy of"do your own thing."A gr oup of artists founded a commune in southern Colorado called"Drop City." Fol lowing the ideas of philosopher and architect Buckminster Fuller they built do meshaped houses from pieces of old cars. Other groups, such as author Ken K esey's Merry Pranksters, the followers fo San Francisco poet Steve Gakin, and a group that called itself the Hog Farm, lived in old school huses and traveled around the United States. The Hog Farm become famous when they helped o rganize the Woodstock Rock Festival in 1969. Steve Gaskin's followers tried to settle down on a farm in Tennessee, but they had to leave when some memb ers of the gruop were arrested for growing marijuana.

Not all communes believed in the philosophy of "do you own thing,"however. Twin Oaks, a commune founded in Virgiania in the late 1960 s, was based on the ideas of psychologist B. F. Skinner. The people who lived at Twin Oaks were carefully controlled by Skinner's"conditioning"techniques to do things that were good for the community. In 1972, Italian architect Paolo Soleri began to build Arcosanti, a utopian city Arizsona where 2500 people will live closely to gether in one large building called an"archology" Soleri believes that people m ust live closely together so that they will all become one.

1. Why did some young Americans decide to "drop out" of scoiety during th

e 1960 s?

a. They were not satisfied with American society.

b. They wanted to grow marijuana.

c. They wanted to go to the Vietnam War.

d. They did not want all people to be equal.

2. Where did the members of the Hog Farm commune live?

a. In dome-shaped house

b. In old school huses

c. On a farm inTennessee

d. In an archology in Arizona

3. Who gave the people of Drop City the idea to bulid dome-shaped house?

a. Paolo Soleri

b. B. G. Skinner

c. Steve Gaskin

d. Buckminster Fuller

4. What was the Twin Oaks commune base on?

a. The philosophy of "do your own thing"

b. Virginaia in the late 1960 s

c. The ideas of psychologist

d. The belief that people must live closely togerher.

5. What is an "archology"?

a. A person who studies archaeology

b. A large building where people live closely together

c. A city in A rizona

d. A technique to contorl people

7/200答案：abdcb

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There are two factors which determine an individual's intelligence. The first is the sort of brain he is born with. Human brains differ considerably, some bein g more capable than others. But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with, an individual will have a low order of intelligence unless he has opportu nities to learn. So the second factor is what happens to the individual - the so rt of environment in which he is reared. If an individual is handicapped envio

nmentally, it is likely that his brain will fail to develop and he will never atta in the level of intelligence of which he is capable.

The importance of environment in determining an individual's intellingence can be demonstrated by the case history of the identical twins, Peter and Mark X. Being identical, the twins had identical brains at birth, and their growth proce sses were the same. When the twins were three months old, their parents died, and they were placed in separate foster homes. Peter was reated by parents o f low intelligence in an isolatedcommunity with poor educational pooprtunities. Mark was reared inthe home of well-to-do parents who had been to college. He was read to as a child, sent to good schools, and given every opportunity to be stimulated intellectually. This enviromental difference continued until the twins were in their late teens, when they were giben tesets to measure their in telligence. Mark's I. Q. was 125, twenty-five points higher than the average an d fully forty points higher than his identical brother. Given equal opportunities, the twins, having identical brains, would have tested at roughly the same leve l.

1. This selection can best be titled ________.

a. Measuring Your Intelligence

b. Intelligence and Environment

c. The Case of Peter and Mark

d. How the brain Influences Intelligence

2. The beststatement of the main idea of this passage is that ________.

a. human brains differ considerably

b. the brain a person is born with is improtant in determining his intelligence

c. environment is crucial in determining a person's intelligence

d. persons having identical brains will have roughly the same intelligence

3. According to the passage, the average I. Q. is ________.

a.85

b.100

c.110

d.125

4. The case history of the twins appears to support the conclusion that _____ ___.

a. individual with identical brains seldom test at same level

b. an individual's intelligence is determined only by his enviroment

c. lack of opportunity blocks the growth of intelligence

d. changes of enviroment produce changes in the structure of the brain

5. This passage suggests that an individual 's I. Q. ________.

a. can be predicted at birth

b. stays the same throuthout his life

c. can be increased by education

d. is determined by his childhood

8/200答案：bcbcc

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As she walked round the huge department store, Edith reflected how difficult i t was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father. She wishes that he was as easy to please as her mother, who was always delighted with perfume

Besides, shoppong at this time of the year was a most disgreeable experience: people trod on your toes, poked you with their elbows and almost knocked yo u overin their haste to get to a bargain ahead of you.

Partly to have a rest, Edith paused in front of a counter where some attracive ties were on display. "They are real silk,"the assistant assured her, trying to t empt her."Worth double the price." But edit knew from past experience that he r choice of ties hardly ever pleased her father.

She moved on reluctantly and then quite by chance, stopped where a small cr owd of man had gathered round a counter. She found some good quality pipes on sale - and the prices were very reasonable. Edith did not hesitate for long: although her father only smoked a pipe occasionally, she knew that this was a present which was bund to please him.

When she got home, with her small well-chosen present concealed in her hand bag, her parents were already at the supper table. Her mother was in an espec ially cheerful mood, "Your father has at last to decided to stop smoking." She informed her daughter.

1. Edith's father ________.

a. did not like present

b. never got present

c. preferred ties

d. was difficult to choose a present for

2. The assistant spoke to Edith because she seemed ________.

a. attractive

b. interested in ties

c. tired

d. in need of comfort

3. Edith stopped at the next counter ________.

a. purosely

b. suddenly

c. unwillingly

d. accidentally

4. Edith's father smoked a pipe ________.

a. when he was obliged

b. on social occasions

c. from time to time

d. when he was delighted

5. Shopping was very disagreeable at that time of the year because ________.

a. coustomers trod on each other's toes

b. coustomers poked each other with their elbows

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