文档库 最新最全的文档下载
当前位置:文档库 › 父爱的尺度(翻译)解读

父爱的尺度(翻译)解读

父爱的尺度(翻译)解读
父爱的尺度(翻译)解读

第二十届韩素音青年翻译奖赛参赛译文

中译英

《父爱的尺度》

郑庆祝

The Yardstick of Father’s Love (excerpt)

In 1924, U.S. President John Calvin Coolidge (1872-1933) proposed the Father’s Day a nation-wide festival so as to “establish more intimate relations between fathers and their children and to impress upon fathers the full measure of their obligations". In 1972, President Richard Nixon (1913-1994) officially signed the bill to designate the Father’s Day a festival, which later spread around the world gradually. Today, Chinese townsfolk, who always value parenthood education and emphasize father’s cultivation responsibility, accept the foreign festival imperceptibly.

The Chinese style of nuclear family nursing with only a single child is quite similar as that of running a company of unlimited liability; the parents have to assume unlimited responsibility for the future fate of their children. As the saying says, “If the children are not well-bred, it is the father's fault”. The children’s wisdom and stupidity, gain and loss, and merits and faults are related to education from the father. The father shall not only bear the joint responsibility for raising the children and for their moral education, but also be investigated the “leader’s responsibility”by the society and other family members. Benefit of successful education to a single child cannot be anticipated, but the opportunity cost for failure of the education is one hundred percent. Therefore, the father is the good example—the “yardstick”of the children, which is quite hard to grasp.

Father is also called “Jia Yan”, which is used to refer to one’s own father modestly. The role of father’s love already has its accurate, specific and rational definition from the prospective of Chinese traditional culture, ethical code and custom. “A father should be respectable and a mother should be intimate”means that a father must retain the duly reverence and keep self-esteem so that he can win respect from his family members, and then maintain the dignity to be the primary responsibility bearer for conducting family education. “If the king is not honest, his ministers will go to other countries; if a father is not honest, his children will run away from home”, viz. the father should set himself a good example to his children; otherwise, he can neither hold together or cultivate his children, nor fulfill the disciplining responsibility of a father, and may even bring about falling out with his children. A father should be strict, stern and serious, and a mother should be kind, thus, to be strict, stern and serious are necessary characters a father should possess. But some fathers misinterpret “strict, stern and serious” as educating children with sticks, or by beating and scolding. I get some inspiration from Dhyana that the purpose of beating and scolding is for spurring, reminding, giving advice and revealing, and the goal is to facilitate understanding and gain wisdom, while not to squelch, let alone to show the patriarchal power and prestige. Therefore, a competent father values more knowledge than his temper, and cherishes more wisdom than his superiority; he is the first teacher and spiritual guide of his children.

Parents without exception expect their children to become talents, and save no efforts to help their children in this regard. Influenced by the family, indeed, many children succeed their parents’careers, adding glory to their ancestors and bringing benefits to their offspring, and turning themselves into the same kind of persons as their parents or the persons expected by their parents. But there are still a large number of people do not realize their parents’ dream or do not reach their parents’ expectation, and some of them even fall just the opposite side of their parents’expectation. As the saying goes, “Like father, like son—a child will follow his/her father’s suit”; “The son of a warrior knows weapons early.” But also as the saying runs, “Good parents do not always have good children.”After all, home education also faces the problem of taking different education measures towards different children, and giving children the freedom of choosing their own career paths, so that they can do a better job by themselves according to their own interests, hobbies and strong points. Like all flowers are not in one garland, every person has his/her own dreams and ambitions. Thus we cannot force others to do things according to our own will, and so do parents to their children.

Western countries emphasize affection, care and encouragement in education, and traditional Chinese education philosophy puts strictness on face, while burying deep love in heart. The Chinese-style “Jia Yan”is an external manifestation between the father and the children—love and affection are its central character, and care is its real intention. As an old

Chinese saying goes, “If a father is not affectionate, his son will not be filial”. The father is not kind and responsible, so his children are neither outstanding or excellent, nor filial or attached to their father. But “like a fierce tiger, excessive love from parents may bring suffering to the children,”—the unprincipled praise and encouragement, and the excessive spoil and indulgence may change a child into a mediocre one, who is ignorant, incapable, dawdle, asinine and apathetic, and of no ambition at all; and may also turn a child into an unfilial one, who is overweening, hubris and unruly. Therefore, the yardstick of strictness and loving kindness is hard to tailor—over strictness will suppress individuality, but excessive loving kindness will encourage bad habits.

“Pathetic are the feelings of all parents under heaven towards their children,”—love from parents is of no reservation, but asking for nothing in return. To be an eligible father is far more than a learning process. As a matter of fact, it is really an austere trial, and a long and highly difficult comprehensive examination.

父爱的尺度(节选)

1924年,美国总统卡尔文·柯立芝建议把父亲节作为一个全国性的节日,以便“在父亲和子女间建立更亲密的关系,并且使父亲铭记自己应尽的全部责任”。1972年,尼克松总统正式签署了建立父亲节的议案。后来,这一节日逐渐流传到世界各地。如今,历来重视亲子关系、强调父亲教养责任的中国城市人群,也潜移默化地接受了这个“洋节”。

以独生子女为养育对象的中国式核心家庭类似无限责任公司,父母对子女的前途命运负无限责任。“子不教,父之过”,子女的贤愚、得失、功过牵连其父。父亲不但要负经济、道德等方面的连带责任,而且要被社会和家庭全方位地追究“领导责任”。对独生子女教育成功的收益不可预期,但教育失败的机会成本却是百分之百。因此,父亲是儿女的标杆——尺度,这个“尺度”的分寸很难把握。

父亲雅称“家严”,中国传统文化、礼教、风俗已经对父爱角色作了准确、详尽、合理的定位。“父道尊,母道亲”。父亲必须保持应有的尊严,必须自尊,才能获得家庭的尊重,然后才能保持并实施家庭教育第一责任人的尊严。“君不正,臣投外国,父不正,子奔他乡”。就是说,父亲必须以身作则,否则,无法团结教育子女,履行父亲的管教责任,甚至可能导致父子反目、离心离德。严父慈母是父母亲分别担当的固有角色,严格、严厉、严肃是父亲的应有风格。但有的父亲把一个“严”字衍化为棍棒教育、打骂教育。我从禅宗教育中得到一些启示,“棒喝”的宗旨是刺激、提醒、指点、点化,目的是开悟增慧,而不是压服,更不是展示家长威风。所以,一个称职的父亲重在见识高低,不在脾气大小,不要高人一等,关键是要高人一筹,做孩子的启蒙老师,做孩子的精神向导。

父母无不望子成龙、成凤,并为此不惜一切代价。的确,许多子女受家庭影响,子承父业、光前裕后,成为父母一样的人或父母期望的人,而也有相当多的子女没有实现父母的梦想,没有到达父母的期望值,甚至走向父母愿望的反面。俗话说:“老子英雄儿好汉,老子卖葱儿卖蒜”;“兵家儿早识刀枪”。但俗话也说:“父母难保子孙贤”。说到底,家庭教育也有一个因材施教的问题,给孩子以选择发展道路的自由,让他们根据自己兴趣爱好特长做好他自己。人各有志,不必强求,对儿女也是如此。

西方教育理念强调亲情、呵护、鼓励。中国传统教育理念是“严”在其表,爱在其里。中国式“家严”是父子互动的一种外在动作,慈爱是核心,爱护是目的。俗话说:“父不慈,子不孝”。父亲不慈爱,不负责,所以孩子不出色、不优秀,也不孝敬、依恋父亲。但是,“父母爱如虎,爱谁谁受苦”,对孩子无原则的表扬、鼓励,过度的溺爱、放纵,有可能培养一个无知无能、无所事事、愚钝麻木、胸无大志的庸子,也有可能培养一个目中无人、狂妄自大、无法无天的逆子。所以,严与慈的尺度很难把握,过严压抑个性,过慈助长恶习。

“可怜天下父母心”。做一个合格的父亲岂止是一门学问,实在是一场严峻的考验,是一场漫长的高难度综合考试。

双语:中国姓氏英文翻译对照大合集

[ ]

步Poo 百里Pai-li C: 蔡/柴Tsia/Choi/Tsai 曹/晁/巢Chao/Chiao/Tsao 岑Cheng 崔Tsui 查Cha 常Chiong 车Che 陈Chen/Chan/Tan 成/程Cheng 池Chi 褚/楚Chu 淳于Chwen-yu

D: 戴/代Day/Tai 邓Teng/Tang/Tung 狄Ti 刁Tiao 丁Ting/T 董/东Tung/Tong 窦Tou 杜To/Du/Too 段Tuan 端木Duan-mu 东郭Tung-kuo 东方Tung-fang F: 范/樊Fan/Van

房/方Fang 费Fei 冯/凤/封Fung/Fong 符/傅Fu/Foo G: 盖Kai 甘Kan 高/郜Gao/Kao 葛Keh 耿Keng 弓/宫/龚/恭Kung 勾Kou 古/谷/顾Ku/Koo 桂Kwei 管/关Kuan/Kwan

郭/国Kwok/Kuo 公孙Kung-sun 公羊Kung-yang 公冶Kung-yeh 谷梁Ku-liang H: 海Hay 韩Hon/Han 杭Hang 郝Hoa/Howe 何/贺Ho 桓Won 侯Hou 洪Hung 胡/扈Hu/Hoo

花/华Hua 宦Huan 黄Wong/Hwang 霍Huo 皇甫Hwang-fu 呼延Hu-yen J: 纪/翼/季/吉/嵇/汲/籍/姬Chi 居Chu 贾Chia 翦/简Jen/Jane/Chieh 蒋/姜/江/ Chiang/Kwong 焦Chiao 金/靳Jin/King 景/荆King/Ching

大英文翻译

001 不忘初心,牢记使命。 Remain true to our original aspiration and keep our mission firmly in mind. 002 这是我国发展新的历史方位。 This is a new historic juncture in China’s development. 003 新时代我国社会主要矛盾是人民日益增长的美好生活需要和不平衡不充分的发展之间的矛盾。 The principal contraction facing Chinese society in the new era is that between unbalanced and inadequate development and the people’s ever-growing needs for a better life. 004 党在新时代的强军目标是建设一支听党指挥、能打胜仗、作风优良的人民军队,把人民军队建设成为世界一流军队。 The Party’s goal of building a strong military in the new era is to build the people’s forces into world-class forces that obey the Party’s command, can fight and win, and maintain excellent conduct. 005 推动构建人类命运共同体 build a community with a shared future for mankind 006 近代以来久经磨难的中华民族迎来了从站起来、富起来到强起来的伟大飞跃。 The Chinese nation, which since modern times began had endured so much for so long, has achieved a tremendous transformation ——it has stood up, grown rich, and become strong. 007 行百里者半九十。 As the Chinese saying goes, the last leg of a journey just marks the halfway point. 008 敢于直面问题,敢于刮骨疗毒。 We must have the courage to face problems squarely, be braced for the pain. 009 不断增强党的政治领导力、思想领导力、群众组织力、社会号召力。 We must keep on strengthening the Party’s ability to lead politically, to guide through theory, to organize the people, and to inspire society. 010 保持政治定力,坚持实干兴邦。 We must maintain our political orientation, do the good solid work that sees our country thrive. 011 坚持党对一切工作的领导。 Ensuring Party leadership over all work. 012 坚持以人民为中心。 Committing to a people-centered approach. 013 坚持全面深化改革。 Continuing to comprehensively deepen reform.

翻译 Translation

翻译Translation 1.Oh, the impressible comfort of feeling safe with a person; having neither to weigh thoughts nor measure words, but to pour them all out, just as they are, chaff and grain together, knowing that a faithful hand will take and sift them, keep what is worth keeping, and then, with the breath of kindness, blow the rest away. 哦,和一个人在一起感到的安全感难以言表;无需缜密思考,无需斟词酌句只需原本本地将谷子皮壳和盘托出,这是因为知道忠诚的朋友会接受和筛选保存值得保存的,然后带着温存的气息吹走剩余的。Book3-Unit3 2.His success stems from his personality: an awesome and at times frightening blend of brilliance, drive, competitiveness and personal intensity. 他的成功源自于他的个性,融天才、干劲、好胜和激情为一体,令人敬畏又有时让人觉得可怕。Book3-Unit4 3.He works on two computers, one with four frames that sequence data streaming in from the Internet, the other handling the hundreds of Email messages and memos that extend his mind into a network. 他在两台电脑上工作,其中一台电脑有四个组织单元,可以使互联网信息有序进入,另一台处理成百上千封电子邮件和备忘录,使他的大脑扩展成网络。Book3-Unit4 4.All my industry became a labor of love as I shared God’s creative

Translation-Strategies知识讲解

Translation Strategies Of English Business Contract 英语三班1112013005 杨娇娇 摘要 在国际经济贸易活动中,商务合同是一种重要的法律文件依据,商贸英语已成为必不可少的语言交际工具,它也是英文经济贸易合同的基点。越来越多的英语和法律的爱好者也希望能尽快熟悉合同英语,从而准确理解,翻译、制作英语合同。这种需求随着中国加入WTO(世界贸易组织)而剧增,用英语解决商务合同问题的愿望也会随之越来越迫切。国际商务合同的种类繁多,涉及面广,内容复杂。这类合同都是涉外交易性质,需要英汉两种版本,因此大多需要翻译。商务合同有其自身的特点,即条理性、规范性和专业性。商务合同对翻译的质量提出很高的要求,也增加了其难度。本文用大量的例句,对商务合同英语的准确性、严谨性、规范性及翻译技巧与内容的完善还有翻译中常见错误、成因及其对策等作了全面分析和论述,并分析其翻译方面所应注意的问题。 Abstract Business contract is on important legal document during the International trade which makes business English as an essential language tool to the English economic trade. More and more people, who like English and law, hope to know about English business contact in order to accurately understand, translate and make theses contracts. International business contact has the features of varied categories, vast coverage, and complex content which special translation skills to translate. In this term paper, it will discuss and illustrate the translation skills and principles as well as the common mistakes and its reasons based on the features of contract. It will also give solutions to the problems that come into contract translation. 1. Introduction With the constant deep development of the policy of Market Economy and the Reform and Open policy to the outside world of our country, the market competitive

翻译批评与赏析

翻译批评与赏析 学期论文 学院:高级翻译学院 专业: 2014 级英语笔译 姓名:王红伟 学号: Y140254

前言 学习感悟 本学期有幸选了陈老师开设的选修课—翻译批评与赏析,陈老师授课方式新颖独到,以德国功能翻译理论学派重要代表人物凯瑟琳娜·赖斯的《翻译批评:潜力与制约》一书为主线,以学生讲解老师总结答疑为主要方法,并穿插有课堂讨论,让学生各抒己见,畅所欲言,一学期的学习让我收获颇丰。 在未上陈老师的课之前,自己的翻译批评往往多是感性的翻译评论,没有系统的批评理念与批评模式,面对一个译本,只会从表层进行主观评判,既缺乏系统性又不具有客观性,难以服众。经过一学期的学习我认识到翻译批评绝不是为了批评而批评,更不能带有学术偏见而起意气之争,相互攻讦,翻译批评应该是建设性的,必须公正、客观、全面,有理有据。 作为翻译专业研究生,更应该对翻译批评认真加以学习,用全面的眼光看待翻译,树立科学的翻译批评观,并将其用于指导、审视自己的翻译活动。

翻译批评的文本功能视角 —兼评赖斯的文本类型理论 摘要:凯瑟琳娜·赖斯是德国功能派翻译理论的主要奠基者,在其扛鼎之作《翻译批评:潜力与制约》中赖斯借鉴德国心理学家布勒的语言功能划分模式将文本划归为三种基本类型:信息型文本、表情型文本和操作型文本,并建议根据文本功能采取相应的翻译方法。本文从赖斯的文本类型理论着手,结合不同文本译例,并对之加以述评。 关键词:赖斯;翻译批评;文本类型;文本功能;《翻译批评:潜力与制约》 1. 引言 凯瑟琳娜·赖斯(Katharina Reiss)是德国功能派翻译理论研究的先驱,1971年赖斯出版了其扛鼎之作《翻译批评:潜力与制约》“是德国从语言功能角度切入翻译研究的开端作品”,(陈吉荣,2007:3)赖斯在该书中以文本类型理论为基本框架,试图建构一个客观、可行、全面的翻译批评模式。赖斯的文本类型理论基本沿用了德国心理学家布勒的语言功能三分法影响,根据布勒的语言功能工具模式,赖斯把文本划分为三种主要类型,即信息型文本、表情型文本和操作型文本(亦称感染型)。(张美芳,2009:53) 2. 文本类型理论 赖斯的文本类型理论是其翻译批评模式的核心架构,支撑起了其整个翻译批评理论的基本框架。赖斯的文本类型理论观点较多地受到了德国心理学家布勒关于语言功能分类的影响,布勒将语言功能划分

中国传统文化词汇翻译解读

口译分类词汇——中国文化 概述General Terms 爱国主义精神patriotism 诚实守信honesty 公民道德建设实施纲要The Program for Improving Civic Morality 集体主义collectivism 弘扬主旋律,提倡多样化highlight the central theme of the times while encouraging diversity 全民健身运动nationwide fitness campaign 社会公德,职业道德和家庭美德教育 education in social and professional ethics and family virtues 为人民服务serving the people 深入群众,深入生活go deep among the masses and into the thick of life 奉献无愧于时代的作品contribute to the people works worthy of the times 中华文明博大精深,源远流长 The Chinese civilization is extensive and profound , and has a long history 重要文化遗产major cultural heritage 优秀民间艺术outstanding folk arts 自立于世界民族之林stand proudly in the family of nations 艺术及工艺Arts and Crafts 版画engraving 贝雕画shell carving picture 彩塑painted sculpture 瓷器porcelain; china 刺绣embroidery 雕刻carving 宫灯palace lantern 国画Chinese painting 剪纸paper-cut 景德镇瓷Jingdezhen porcelain

翻译批评与赏析

一、什么是翻译批评? 翻译批评是指在一定的社会条件下、遵循一定的翻译原则、并运用一定的方法,对某一译作所作的评价。这种评价必须避免随意性和盲目性、杜绝胡批乱评和感想式的点评,应该在一定的理论指导下,历史地、客观地、全面地、系统地去观察和分析翻译过程和翻译结果,必须尽可能做到客观、科学和公正。应当同时是一"译者、译文阅读者、译文分析家、翻译理论家与翻译史家"(Berman,1995)(许钧,袁筱一:"试论翻译批评",《翻译学报》1997年第1期)。 :1)为欣赏而作的翻译批评;2)为纠正错误而作的翻译批评。前者重在分析出自优秀翻译家笔下的模范之译作,评价其艺术价值、所遵循的翻译原则及采用的相关技巧,意在立为范文,为翻译界同行或初学者视为楷模而学之;后者则重在剖析粗制滥造之译作,分析并纠正其中的错译和误译,意在警示他人以此为鉴。 翻译批评就其思想方法而论可分为3类:1)功能性批评(functional approach), 2)分析性批评(analytical approach)和3)对比性批评(comparative approach)。功能性批评在分析和评论译文时较为笼统,其重点在整个译作的思想内容而不顾及语言细节。在某种程度上来说,它是一个主观的批评方法,类似老师凭印象给学生打分。分析性批评则是较为细致客观的剖

析,译文中的每一个词语、每一句话、每一语段和段落都会对照原文加以对比和分析,错误的译文被分门别类地挑出来加以评论,并提出改进意见;好的译文挑出来加以褒扬。对比性批评是选择同一原作的若干种译文,同时采用译文与原文对比、译文与译文对比的方法找出各自的优劣之处。好的加以褒奖,劣的予以批评。 翻译批评有助于克服翻译界存在的滥译、乱译等问题,因而对繁荣我国翻译事业有着不可低估的现实意义和深远的历史意义;翻译批评有助于纠正译作中出现的错误、改进不足,因而对提高译文的质量有着积极的作用;翻译批评还是联系翻译理论和翻译实践的重要桥梁,因为任何翻译理论的建立均有待于翻译实践的检验;反之,任何翻译实践都会自觉或不自觉地遵循一定的翻译理论。翻译批评还是翻译课的一个重要组成部分,因为它有助于增强学习翻译人员的翻译能力,提高其翻译水平,扩大其知识范围,加深对所译作品或材料的了解,学习新知识,提高译出语和译入语的水平。比较语言学、比较文学和外国文学的学习和研究也离不开翻译批评。因此,做好翻译批评与做好翻译应是同等重要的,是相辅相成的,切不可等闲视之。 翻译批评--翻译批评原则(2) 二、翻译批评的原则

中国姓氏英文翻译大全

中国姓氏英文翻译大全- - [b][u]中国姓氏英文翻译大全- -[/u][/b] A: 艾--Ai 安--Ann/An 敖--Ao B: 巴--Pa 白--Pai 包/鲍--Paul/Pao 班--Pan 贝--Pei 毕--Pih 卞--Bein 卜/薄--Po/Pu 步--Poo 百里--Pai-li C:

蔡/柴--Tsia/Choi/Tsai 曹/晁/巢--Chao/Chiao/Tsao 岑--Cheng 崔--Tsui 查--Cha 常--Chiong 车--Che 陈--Chen/Chan/Tan 成/程--Cheng 池--Chi 褚/楚--Chu 淳于--Chwen-yu D: 戴/代--Day/Tai 邓--Teng/Tang/Tung 狄--Ti 刁--Tiao 丁--Ting/T 董/东--Tung/Tong 窦--Tou 杜--To/Du/Too

段--Tuan 端木--Duan-mu 东郭--Tung-kuo 东方--Tung-fang E: F: 范/樊--Fan/Van 房/方--Fang 费--Fei 冯/凤/封--Fung/Fong 符/傅--Fu/Foo G: 盖--Kai 甘--Kan 高/郜--Gao/Kao 葛--Keh 耿--Keng 弓/宫/龚/恭--Kung 勾--Kou

古/谷/顾--Ku/Koo 桂--Kwei 管/关--Kuan/Kwan 郭/国--Kwok/Kuo 公孙--Kung-sun 公羊--Kung-yang 公冶--Kung-yeh 谷梁--Ku-liang H: 海--Hay 韩--Hon/Han 杭--Hang 郝--Hoa/Howe 何/贺--Ho 桓--Won 侯--Hou 洪--Hung 胡/扈--Hu/Hoo 花/华--Hua 宦--Huan 黄--Wong/Hwang

英文翻译常用技巧大全

英汉两种语言在句法、词汇、修辞等方面均存在着很大的差异,因此在进行英汉互译时必然会遇到很多困难,需要有一定的翻译技巧作指导。常用的翻译技巧有增译法、省译法、转换法、拆句法、合并法、正译法、反译法、倒置法、包孕法、插入法、重组法和综合法等。这些技巧不但可以运用于笔译之中,也可以运用于口译过程中,而且应该用得更加熟练,因为口译工作的特点决定了译员没有更多的时间进行思考。 1.增译法:指根据英汉两种语言不同的思维方式、语言习惯和表达方式,在翻译时增添一些词、短句或句子,以便更准确地表达出原文所包含的意义。这种方式多半用在汉译英里。汉语无主句较多,而英语句子一般都要有主语,所以在翻译汉语无主句的时候,除了少数可用英语无主句、被动语态或"There be…"结构来翻译以外,一般都要根据语境补出主语,使句子完整。英汉两种语言在名词、代词、连词、介词和冠词的使用方法上也存在很大差别。英语中代词使用频率较高,凡说到人的器官和归某人所有的或与某人有关的事物时,必须在前面加上物主代词。因此,在汉译英时需要增补物主代词,而在英译汉时又需要根据情况适当地删减。英语词与词、词组与词组以及句子与句子的逻辑关系一般用连词来表示,而汉语则往往通过上下文和语序来表示这种关系。因此,在汉译英时常常需要增补连词。英语句子离不开介词和冠词。另外,在汉译英时还要注意增补一些原文中暗含而没有明言的词语和一些概括性、注释性的词语,以确保译文意思的完整。总之,通过增译,一是保证译文语法结构的完整,二是保证译文意思的明确。如: (1)What about calling him right away? 马上给他打个电话,你觉得如何?(增译主语和谓语) (2)If only I could see the realization of the four modernizations. 要是我能看到四个现代化实现该有多好啊!(增译主句) (3) Indeed, the reverse is true 实际情况恰好相反。(增译名词) (4) 就是法西斯国家本国的人民也被剥夺了人权。 Even the people in the fascist countries were stripped of their human

浅谈翻译批评

浅谈翻译批评 摘要:随着跨文化交际活动的日益频繁,翻译成为关注的焦点。作为翻译学的重要组成部分,翻译批评也逐渐成为热门话题。但是目前的翻译批评研究仍然面临着种种问题,实力还比较薄弱。本文在简述翻译批评的定义的基础上,从翻译批评的现状出发,探讨存在的问题,分析翻译批评的方法,并对今后的发展提出一点想法。 关键词:翻译批评,定义,现状,问题,方法 Abstract: With the growing cross-culture activities, translation has attracted much attention. As an important component of translation studies, translation criticism is a hot topic. But the modern translation criticism is still the weakness of translation studies. Based upon the definition of translation criticism, from the point of the current situation of translation criticism, the paper deals with the problems and analyses the methods, and then puts forward some ideas. Key Words: Translation Criticism, Definition,Current Situation,Problems,Methods 随着翻译理论和翻译实践的不断创新和发展,翻译批评越来越受到关注。翻译批评在促进翻译事业的发展上占据着重要地位,具有深刻的影响。由于翻译批评主体的批评标准、自身修养以及理解不同等各种原因,当前的翻译批评界还面临着各种问题。翻译批评是翻译学研究的重要组成部分。它不是简单的赞美或是挑毛病。本文着重从以下几个方面浅谈一下对翻译批评的认识。 翻译批评的定义 翻译批评主要讨论如何对译文进行科学、客观、系统的评估。但是,如何对翻译批评进行科学定义,可谓仁者见仁,智者见智。在《中国翻译词典》中,对翻译批评的明确定义是:从广义上讲,翻译批评即参照一定的标准,对翻译过程及其译作质量与价值进行全面的评价,评价的标准因社会历史背景而异,评价旨在促使译作最大限度地忠实于原作,并具有良好的社会价值。 许钧指出,“有翻译,就会有翻译批评,这应该是必然的的事。”翻译批评反映了人们进一步认识翻译和提高翻译水平的努力,它的作用逐渐受到重视。只是批评是否合理、有价值,那就不一定了。在国内多种翻译刊物上关于翻译的种种讨论,都是在进行翻译批评,也是对翻译批评本身的探讨。王佐良将翻译研究分为三大类,即翻译理论探讨、译文品评、译史研究,其中译文品评即是翻译批评的内容。

第34 课翻译批评--翻译批评的方法和步骤

第34 课翻译批评--翻译批评的方法和步骤 一、翻译批评的方法 翻译批评应采用"宏观的视野和微观的剖析相结合的批评方法"(许均,袁筱一: "试论翻译批评",《翻译学报》,1997 年第1 期),换言之,批评者既要见树又要 见林,切不可将二者分割开来。这里所说的林(宏观视野)既可以理解是语篇的 整体结构和全部思想内容,也可理解为包括语篇、超越语篇结构的拌语言要素、 超语言要素以及相关社会因素等内容。由于翻译不能脱离社会,因此翻译批评同 样也不能脱离社会,必须按社会的规范去进行翻译批评。这里所说的树(微观剖 析)是指语篇范围内的词语、句子、段落、语义、修辞手法、文体等个体单位内 容。下面仅列举马红军的一段翻译批评实例: It was a typical summer evening in June, the atmosphere being in such delicate equilibrium and so transmissive that inanimate objects seemed endowed with two or three senses, if not five. There was no distinction between the near and the far, and an auditor felt close to everything within the horizon. The soundlessness impressed her as a positive entity rather than as the mere negation of noise. It was broken by the

文学翻译批评与欣赏

Appreciation of the Different Translations of Chinese Literary Classics 姓名:温嘉茵 班级:英语09-02 学号:540908010220

Appreciation of the Different Translations of Chinese Literary Classics 【Abstrac t】 The focus of the paper is to appreciate some good translation of Chinese literary classics, including 《椒聊》from The Book of Songs, Li Qingzhao?s Ci---- 《声声慢》, Liu Zongyuan?s poem----《江雪》and Zhang Ji?s poem----《枫桥夜泊》. The translators who translate these works all are famous scholars, including Chinese translators, Xu Yuanchong, Wang Rongpei and Yang Xianyi couple and so on, and famous foreign Sinologists, James Legge, Waley, Ezra Pound and so on. These translators open a door for us to the world of translation and let foreigners read more good Chinese literary works. Key words: appreciation, translations, Chinese literary classics 【Introduction】 The purpose of the paper is to let those people who like translating appreciate more good works of translation. The focus is to appreciate some good works of the classical literature. Although these works are not modern works, they are eternal cultural heritage that our ancestors leave to us. Ⅰ. Appreciation of the translations of 《椒聊》from The Book of Songs In Scholarship of The Book of Songs, the view of the interpretation of poetry has a big important influence on the translation of The Book of Songs. To get “the meaning of poet” is almost the mainstream of the translation of The Book of Songs, so the theme of the translation presents diversification. James Legge supported some principles in his first version of translation----“不以言害辞,不以辞害志,以意逆志,是为得之”, which was the first time to put forward the view to getting “the meaning of poet”. Alien, C. F. R. improved this principle, using transcultural anthropology to understand the poetry. Other scholars put forward different principles of the translation of The Book of Songs. The following is to appreciate different translations of 《椒聊》. 《椒聊》 The original work as follows: 椒聊之实,蕃衍盈升。 彼其之子,硕大无朋。 椒聊且,远条且。 椒聊之实,蕃衍盈匊。 彼其之子,硕大且笃。 椒聊且,远条且。 The following is some translations of the poem from different translators.

大型火力发电厂专业词汇中英文翻译大全

主要监视参数 UNIT LOAD __MW 机组负荷 FW FLOW __t/h 给水流量 MN STM PRS __MPa 主蒸汽压力 MN STM TEM __℃主蒸汽温度 RH STM PRS __ MPa 再热蒸汽压力 RH STM PRS __℃再热蒸汽压力 FNC PRS __ KPa 炉膛压力 TOTAL FUEL __t/h 总燃料量 V ACUUM __ KPa 真空 UNIT FREQ __Hz 机组频率 GEN VOLT __KV 发电机出口电压 GEN CRRT __A 发电机出口电流 POWER MONITOR 电量监视POWER SUPPL Y MONITORING 供电监视 TO TEST SCREEN 去试验画面 Communication OK 联络正常 PRI 优先级 SEC 次级 SYSTEM STATUS 系统状态System Status Display 系统状态显示 Green绿色:Normal Mode 正常模式 Cyan蓝色:Standby Mode 备用模式 Yellow黄色:Backup Mode 备用模式 White白色:Startup Mode 启动模式 Red红色:Drop in Alarm or Fault 报警或故障显示 Orange橙色:Fatled Mode 故障模式 Magenta红紫色:Operator Attention 操作注意事项 Gray灰色:Drop off Highway 信息高速公路中断 Select Drop Priar to Selecting Menu Function DROP DETAILS 中断详情 ACK DROP ALARM 动作失败报警 CLR DROP ALARM 语音失败报警 汽机 MAIN/RHT STM SYS 主/再热蒸汽系统AUX STM 辅汽 BFPT 给水泵汽轮机 CND WTR SYS 凝结水系统 CNSR 凝汽器 COLD RH STM 再热蒸汽冷端 DRN FLTK 疏水扩容器 FEED WTR SYS 给水系统

翻译批评与鉴赏-范文

译者的阐释与读者的误读:以《红楼梦》译文为例 作者(学号) (学院、班级、专业) 摘要:文学经典的阐释是一个历史过程,永远不会终结。译者翻译的过程,是对原文文本进行阐释的过程。读者阅读的过程,也是对译文文本进行阐释的过程。但是,在批评界,阐释、误读与错译三者有时混为一谈,甚至等同起来。阐释学观点认为,对作品的理解总是以理解者——包括作者、译者、读者——的视野为前提。本文通过讨论《红楼梦》中几个具体例证,试图考察作者、译者、读者三个主体因素在文本的创作、翻译和阅读过程中所起的主体作用。本文指出,译者对原文的不同解读,在读者眼里可能是错译,也可能是误读——在理解者本人看来,不同于自己理解的就是误读。这些解读,无论是合理的还是不合理的,都构成文学文化的一部分。(宋体,小五,1.25倍行距) 关键词:译者;错译;误读;阐释学;主观性 Translator’s Interpretation and/or Readers’ Misinterpretation: A Case Study of the Renditions of Honglou Meng Author Name (student number) Abstract: Interpretations of literary classics is a historical process without end. The process of translating ST and reading TT is a process of interpretation. Translation errors and misinterpretations are sometimes confused and misused by the critics. Cultural misinterpretation is a complex phenomenon in literary translation, with multifarious reasons. From a hermeneutic point of view, interpretation is always conditioned by one’s own horizons and perspective. By discussing several exemplary cases of Honglou Meng in translation and cross-cultural understanding, this paper argues that the author, translator and reader can all play a subjunctive role in their respective interpretation processes of writing, translating and reading. Translation errors should be avoided, while misinterpretations, whether reasonable or unreasonable, are unavoidable and destined to be part of literature. (Times New Roman, 5号, 1.25倍行距) Key Words: translation errors; misinterpretation; author; translator; reader 一、引言(小标题用黑体五号字;正文用宋体五号字) “文化”一直是经久不衰的话题。文化交流是促进人类社会进步的主要动力之一。季羡林先生(2007:151)曾说,没有文化交流,人类就没有进步,就没有今天世界上这样繁荣兴旺的社会。“文化热”自上个世纪80年代就开始流行,当时就有一些极端意见认为,未来世界的冲突,将是文明的冲突,文化之间的深刻差异和尖锐对立是不可超越和克服的。今天世界的纷争虽不完全是由文化冲突引起,但也决非与文化冲突无关。目前的文学文化界,文化和谐与冲突成为热点。翻译评论界也不例外。也难怪,语言文字的差异造成的翻译困难一般摆在明处,容易引起重视,而文化差异造成的翻译困难却往往如水中的暗礁,导致翻船。王佐良(1989: 34)认为,翻译里最大的困难是两种文化的不同,在一种文化里有一些不言而喻的东西,在另外一种文化里却要费很大的力气才能解释清楚。孙致礼(1999: 62)也说:“翻译不仅要考虑语言的差异,还要密切注视文化的差异,文化差异处理的好坏,往往是翻译成败的关键。”本文试图从阐释学视角,以《红楼梦》翻译为例,探讨翻译过程中因作者、译者和读者三个因素对文化因素的不同处理而出现的误读和错译现象。

英文翻中文的八大翻译技巧

英文翻中文的八大翻译技巧 要真正掌握英文翻译的技巧并非易事。这是因为英译汉时会遇到各种各样的困难,下面就和大家分享英文翻中文的八大翻译技巧推荐,来欣赏一下吧。 英文翻中文的八大翻译技巧推荐 首先是英文理解难,这是学习、使用英文的人的共同感觉,由于两国历史、文化、风俗习惯的不同,所以一句英文在英美人看来顺理成章,而在中国人看来却是颠颠倒倒、断断续续,极为别扭。 二是中文表达难,英译汉有时为了要找到一个合适的对等词汇,往往被弄得头昏眼花,好像在脑子里摸一个急于要开箱子的钥匙,却没有。 另外,英译汉时对掌握各种文化知识的要求很高,因为我们所翻译的*,其内容可能涉及到极为广博的知识领域,而这些知识领域多半是我们不大熟悉的外国的事情,如果不具备相应的文化知识难免不出现一些翻译中的差错或笑话。 正是因为英译汉时会遇到这么多的困难,所以,我们必须通过翻译实践,对英汉两种不同语言的特点加以对比、概况和总结,

以找出一般的表达规律来,避免出现一些不该出现的翻译错误,而这些表达的规律就是我们所说的翻译技巧。 一、词义的选择和引伸技巧 英汉两种语言都有一词多类和一词多义的现象。一词多类就是指一个词往往属于几个词类,具有几个不同的意义;一词多义就是同一个词在同一词类中又往往有几个不同的词义。在英译汉的过程中,我们在弄清原句结构后,就要善于运用选择和确定原句中关键词词义的技巧,以使所译语句自然流畅,完全符合汉语习惯的说法;选择确定词义通常可以从两方面着手: 1、根据词在句中的词类来选择和确定词义 They are as like as two peas .他们相似极了。(形容词) He likes mathematics more than physics .他喜欢数学甚于喜 欢物理。(动词) Wheat, oat, and the like are cereals .小麦、燕麦等等皆系谷类。(名词) 2、根据上下文联系以及词在句中的搭配关系来选择和确定词义。 He is the last man to come .他是最后来的。 He is the last person for such a job .他最不配干这个工作。

翻译批评与鉴赏-华中科技大学研究生院

附件5.外国语学院(系、所)全英研究生课程简介(中英文各一份) 课程名称:翻译批评与鉴赏课程代码:411.507 课程类型:□博士专修课程□硕士专修课程√ 考核方式:全英文考试教学方式:全英文讲授 适用专业:英语语言文学适用层次:□硕士√□博士 开课学期: 2 总学时:32 学分:2 先修课程要求:翻译理论;文学理论;语言学 课程组教师姓名职称专业年龄学术方向王树槐教授翻译学43 翻译学 许明武教授翻译47 翻译 黄勤教授翻译46 翻译 课程负责教师留学经历及学术专长简介: 课程负责人是翻译学的博士、教授。他的研究专长在于翻译学。他有着扎实的语言学、文学理论、翻译学的基础,并大量阅读过典籍的翻译,对文学作品的鉴赏和批评有着较为深入的研究。 课程负责人曾发表论文30余篇,善于将科研和教学结合起来,研究生的课堂也往往是科研的试验田,在这一学习过程中,研究生能收到严格的学术训练。 课程教学目标: 翻译批评是翻译理论和翻译实践的中间环节,通过批评与鉴赏,一方面使学生将描述翻译学、理论翻译学的研究成果应用于实践,深入对理论的理解,另一方面,培养学生的语言感受能力和翻译能力。同时,通过这样的一个过程,训练学生的学术思维:摆脱经验式、感悟式的研究,而进入以理论支持的演绎式研究,或从实践构建理论的归纳式研究。

课程大纲:(章节目录) 第一章翻译批评导论与对比语言学模式批评 §1.1 翻译批评导论 §1.2 对比语言学基本问题 §1.3 作品批评:《古屋杂忆》、《背影》、《红楼梦》(节选)第二章文体学批评模式理论学习 §2.1 文体概论 §2.2 变异、思想方式 §2.3 文体分析模式、叙事方式 §2.4 假性对等 第三章文体学批评模式实践训练 §3.1 《药》的三译本比较 §3.2 《红楼梦》两译本比较 §3.3 《热爱生活》三译本比较 第四章文学批评模式理论学习 §4.1 俄国形式主义、新批评 §4.2 结构主义文学理论、现象学文学理论 §4.3 阐释学理论、接受美学理论 第五章文学批评模式实践训练 §5.1 《初雪》、《天演论》(部分)译文批评 §5.2 《红楼梦》两译本比较 §5.3 《孔乙己》三译本比较 第六章文化学模式翻译批评 §6.1 宏观文化批评模式 §6.2 微观文化批评模式 §6.3 《聊斋志异》两译本比较 §6.4 《浮生六记》两译本比较 第七章美学模式翻译批评 §7.1 美学翻译的三个层次

相关文档
相关文档 最新文档