2016年全国高考英语优化习题集 (1)

2016年全国高考英语优化习题集(1)

(建议用时：30分钟)

Ⅰ.阅读理解

(2015·呼和浩特第一次调研)Many people may be surprised by the number of chemicals that they are exposed to through everyday household products.

In a study 25 women had their homes and bodies tested for 89 environmental pollutants—including pesticides(杀虫剂) and chemicals found in plastics and cleaning products. On average 20 chemicals were found on their bodies or in their homes.

Much is unknown about the possible health effects of chemicals in everyday household products. But certain chemicals—like phthalates (邻苯二甲酸盐) found in plastics—have been linked to potential health risks, including higher risks of certain cancers, though the evidence mainly comes from research on lab animals. Other household chemicals are known to harm the skin, eyes and airways—and may worsen asthma(哮喘). Many more chemicals found remain untested.

Chemicals likely come from a range of sources, so it is not always clear how to reduce people’s exposure, according to Dr Rebecca Altman, the lead researcher on the new study.

In the original study, she noted, women were given advice based on the particular chemicals they were exposed to—such as using fragrance, free washing liquid and personal-care products.

For the current study, Altman and her colleagues interviewed two dozen women who’d taken part in the previous study to see how they would react to information about their household chemical exposures. They found that the women were generally surprised at the range of chemicals found in their homes and bodies. They were also surprised that even some banned things were found.

With many questions about the health effects of household chemicals unanswered, some experts worry

that giving people information about their everyday exposures will cause unnecessary fear. However, the researchers found that the women in their study were typically not alarmed，and instead wanted “more rather than less”information on the issue.

1．Which of the following statements about chemicals in household products is TRUE?

A．It is uncertain what effects some chemicals have on health.

B．Long term exposure to them is certain to cause a deadly illness.

C．In the study it was found that certain chemicals can cause cancers.

D．Some of them have bad effects on health, while some have good effects.

2．The underlined word “airways”in Paragraph 3 most probably refers to ________．A．things that look like fine threads growing in the body

B．the passage running from your nose and throat to the lungs

C．the passage between rows of rooms in a building

D．the area just inside the front door of a building

3．Why is it not clear how to reduce exposure to chemicals?

A．Because all everyday products contain chemicals.

B．Because much is unknown about the sources.

C．Because measures have not been tested for their effects.

D．Because chemicals come from a variety of sources.

4．According to Dr Rebecca Altman，________．

A．women were more likely to be harmed by chemicals

B．it is unnecessary to inform people about the study results

C．fragrant products may contain harmful chemicals

D．further study on everyday products should be done immediately

Ⅱ.完形填空

(2015·邢台高三摸底考试)My 13-year-old son and I had quite the adventure this

morning! We frequently passed by a ___1__ landscaped yard with a nice little flower garden. I wanted to ___2___ my thanks for the time and effort put in by the ___3___，but I’ve never seen him or her, so we went to a local nursery and bought a gift card that I would leave with a __4___ and a smile card the next time that I passed by.

We also ran to Walmart and ___5__ a few $10 gift cards along with some note cards and our other __6__．While we were putting our things away in the car, my son

__7__ that a lady that had just parked next to us looked a little __8__. As soon as she entered the __9__，we grabbed a note card, made a note ___10__，and added a gift card for her to find when she got back to her __11__，hoping to comfort her feelings.

After that, we went for a(n) ___12__ breakfast. The restaurant was pretty __13__ and the people working in the kitchen seemed to be busy forever. A young couple ___14__ across the dining table from us was having some trouble with their __15__，who looked to be about four or five. He grew __16__ and impatient with the wait and they had their hands __17__keeping him from making troubles.

I remembered being in their __18__，so I stopped their ___19___ and had their breakfast added to my check. Great __20__ to my day, and I can’t wait to do it again！

1.A.smoothly B．carelessly

C．roughly D．beautifully

2.A.express B．recognize

C．design D．accept

3. A．nurse

B．dentist

C．gardener

D．passer-by

4.A.present B．note

C．book D．diploma

5.A.bought B．borrowed

C．sold D．imported

6. A．instruments B．desserts

C．vegetables D．groceries

7. A．suspected B．observed

C．imagined D．reserved

8. A．elegant B．generous

C．excited D．upset

9.A.store B．clinic

C．bank D．nursery

10. A．slowly B．unwillingly

C．quickly D．shyly

11. A．house B．car

C．bike D．bench

12. A．early B．boring

C．expensive D．late

13.A.decorated B．empty

C．packed D．deserted

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/d1765621.html,in B．loaded

C．seated D．arranged

15.A.son B．daughter

C．dog D．pet

16.A.defenseless B．tireless

C．careless D．restless

17.A.available B．full

C．normal D．necessary

18.A.shorts B．gloves

C．shoes D．socks

19.A.waitress B．child

C．customer D．hostess

20.A.end B．start

C．story D．dream

Ⅲ.语法填空

(2015·河南普通毕业班适应性练习)A young lady confidently walked around the room with a raised glass of water, and everyone knew she was going to ask the question，“half empty or half full？”

She 1.____________ (fool) them all.“How heavy is this glass of water？”she inquired with a smile.2.____________ (answer) came out from 8 oz. to 20 oz.

She replied，“The absolute weight doesn’t matter.3.____________ depends on how long I hold it. If I hold it for a minute, that’s not a problem. If I hold it for an hour, I 4.____________ (have) an ache in my right arm. If I hold it for a day, you’ll have to call an ambulance. In each case it’s the same weight, but the longer I hold it, the 5.____________(heavy) it becomes.” She continued，“And that’s the way it is with stress. If we carry our burdens all the time, sooner or later, as the burden becomes 6.____________ (increasing) heavy, we won’t be able to carry on.”

“As with the glass of water, you have to put it down for a while and rest before 7.____________ (hold) it again. When we’re refreshed, we can carry on 8.____________ the burden—holding stress longer and better each time practiced.”

So, as early in the evening 9.____________ you can, put all your burdens down. Don’t carry them through the evening and into the night.Pick them 10.____________ tomorrow.

1

Ⅰ.阅读理解

【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，阐述了人们在日常生活中所使用的家居用品中所含的化学成分可能给人的健康带来的诸多影响。

1．解析：选A。推理判断题。根据文章第三段第一句“Much is unknown about the possible health effects of chemicals in everyday household products.”，该段最后一句“Many more chemicals found remain untested.”及文章最后一段第一句“With many questions about the health effects of household chemicals unanswered...”可知，目前家居用品所含的化学成分对人的健康的影响还有很多是不确定的。故答案选A。

2．解析：选B。词义猜测题。首先，从构词法的角度来看，airways由air(空气)和ways(道路)构成。再根据其前所并列的skin，eyes可知，airways应该是身体的某组织或器官，再根据破折号后的“and may worsen asthma(哮喘)”可知，airways指的应是人的呼吸道。故答案选B。

3．解析：选D。细节理解题。根据文章第四段中“Chemicals likely come from a range of sources，so it is not always clear how to reduce people’s exposure”可知，可能的化学污染源太多、太广，因此尚不清楚要如何减少化学物质对人们的危害。故答案选D。

4．解析：选C。细节理解题。根据第五段“In the original study...given advice based on the particular chemicals they were exposed to—such as using fragrance，free washing...”可知，研究者们会根据妇女可能接触到的一些特殊的化学物质，如芳香剂、免费洗手液和其他个人护理产品提出一些建议。由此可知，有香味的产品可能会含有有害物质。故答案选C。

Ⅱ.完形填空

【解题导语】作者讲述了自己和儿子的一次美好经历。

1．解析：选D。根据此空后的“landscaped yard with a nice little flower garden”可推断，此处表示“一个经过美化的漂亮的院子”。故选D项。smoothly意为“平稳地，顺畅地”；carelessly意为“粗心地”；roughly意为“粗略地”。

2．解析：选A。“我”想对这位投入时间和精力的园丁表达(express)感谢。recognize 意为“认出，识别”；design意为“设计”；accept意为“接受”。

3．解析：选C。根据上一句“We frequently passed by a ______ landscaped yard with a nice little flower garden.”可推断，此处表示“我”想对这位能够把院子美化得如此漂亮的园丁(gardener)表示感激。

4．解析：选B。根据第二段第一句中的“a few $ 10 gift cards along with some note cards”可知，此处应用note“便条”。

5．解析：选A。“我”和儿子到沃尔玛买(bought)了10美元的礼物卡。

6．解析：选D。instrument意为“器具，仪表”；dessert意为“甜点”；vegetable意为“蔬菜”；grocery意为“食品杂货”。根据语境可知应选D项。

7．解析：选B。根据语境可知，此处表示“我的儿子注意到刚才紧挨着我们停车的一位女士”，observe“观察到，注意到”，符合语境。suspect“怀疑，猜想”；imagine“想象”；reserve“保留，预订”。

8．解析：选D。根据下文的“hoping to comfort her feelings”可推断，此处表示这位女士看上去有点儿沮丧，故选upset“难过，沮丧”。elegant意为“高雅的，优雅的”；generous 意为“慷慨的，大方的”；excited意为“兴奋的，高兴的”。

9．解析：选A。根据上文可知，我们停车去沃尔玛购物，这位女士的车停在我们的旁边，由此可推测此处表示她进入商店，故选store“商店”。clinic意为“诊所”；bank意为“银行”；nursery意为“托儿所”。

10．解析：选C。根据语境中的“As soon as”和“grabbed”可知，此处应用quickly“迅速地”。slowly意为“缓慢地，慢慢地”；unwillingly意为“不情愿地”；shyly意为“害羞地”。

11．解析：选B。根据前文“parked”(停车)可知，应用car。

12．解析：选D。early“早的”；boring“令人厌烦的”；expensive“昂贵的”；late“迟的”。根据上文可知，“我”已经做了一系列的事情，故此处表示比较迟的早餐，即D项正确。

13．解析：选C。decorated“装饰的”；empty“空的”；packed“挤满人的”；deserted“空寂无人的”。根据空后的“and the people working in the kitchen seemed to be busy forever”可推断C项正确。

14．解析：选C。根据语境可知，此处表示“在我们对面的餐桌上坐着一对年轻的夫妻”，故选seat“使就座”。

15．解析：选A。根据此空后的“who looked to be about four or five. He grew...”可推断，此处表示这对年轻夫妻的儿子，即A项正确。

16．解析：选D。defenseless意为“无防御的”；tireless意为“不知疲倦的”；careless 意为“粗心的”；restless意为“坐立不安的”。根据此空后的impatient“没有耐心的，焦躁的”可知，此处表示年轻夫妻的儿子坐立不安，即D项正确。

17．解析：选B。此处表示这对夫妻忙着阻止儿子捣乱，have one’s hands full意为“非常忙，应接不暇”，即B项正确。

18．解析：选C。in sb.’s shoes意为“处于某人的境地”，为固定短语，符合此处的语境。

19．解析：选A。“我”截住了服务员(waitress)，告诉她把这对夫妻的早餐钱加到“我”的账单里。

20．解析：选B。这是上午发生的事，故指的是“我”一天美好的开始，即B项start 正确。

Ⅲ.语法填空

【解题导语】本文是一篇简短的哲理故事。故事中主人公用一杯水比喻人的压力：压力就像水杯里的水一样，我们举杯子的时间越长，就越会感觉到水变得更重。压力也是如此，我们越放不下，就越会感觉到压力，所以我们要学会“放下”。

1．解析：考查动词的时态。根据上下文可知，本文叙述的是过去的事情，所以用一般过去时。

答案：fooled

2．解析：考查名词。根据“from 8 oz.to 20 oz.”可知，多个人回答了问题，所以用名词的复数形式。注意首字母大写。

答案：Answers

3．解析：考查代词。It代指weight。It depends on...是固定句型，意为“这取决于……”。故填It。注意首字母大写。

答案：It

4．解析：考查动词的时态。这是if引导的条件状语从句，从句用一般现在时表示将来，主句用一般将来时。

答案：will have

5．解析：考查形容词的比较级。这里是一个固定句式“the＋比较级，the＋比较级”，意为“越……越……”。此处指举的时间越长，它就变得越重。故用heavy的比较级heavier。

答案：heavier

6．解析：考查副词。应用副词修饰形容词heavy。故填increasingly。

答案：increasingly

7．解析：考查非谓语动词。因为空格前的“before”为介词，所以用动名词形式。

答案：holding

8．解析：考查介词。carry on with sth.为固定搭配，意为“继续做……”。

答案：with

9．解析：考查固定搭配。空格处与前面的“as”构成固定句式“as...as you can”，意为“尽可能……”。

答案：as

10．解析：考查固定搭配。pick up有拿起之意。句意：明天再拾起这些压力吧。

答案：up

(完整版)2016年全国高考英语试卷之完形填空总汇及解析

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2016高考全国卷英语ⅠⅡⅢ答案

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2016年高考英语全国卷2及答案

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2016年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（新课标I） A You probably know who Marie Curie was, but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson. Of the outstanding ladies listed below, who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years? Jane Addams(1860-1935) Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank Addans helped the poor and worked for peace. She encouraged a sense of community(社区)by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need In 1931,Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize. Rachel Carson(1907-1964) If it weren’t for Rachel Carson, the environmental movement might not exist today. Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the world’s lakes and oceans. Sandra Day O’Connor(1930-present) When Sandra Day O’Connor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952, she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman. She became an Arizona state senator(参议员) and ,in 1981, the first woman to join the U.S. Supreme Court. O’Connor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court. Rosa Parks (1913-2005) On December 1,1955, in Montgomery, Alabama, Rosa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a white passenger. Her simple act landed Parks in prison. But it also set off the Montgomery bus boycott. It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civil-rights move ment. “The only tired I was, was tired of giving in,” said Parks. 21. What is Jane Addams noted for in history? A. Her social work. B. Her teaching skills. C. Her efforts to win a prize. D. Her community background. 22. What is the reason for O’Connor’s being rejected by the law firm? A. Her lack of proper training in law. B. Her little work experience in court. C. The discrimination against women. D. The poor financial conditions. 23. Who made a great contribution to the civil-rights movement in the US? A. Jane Addams. B. Rachel Carson. C. Sandra Day O’Connor. D. Rosa Parks. 24. What can we infer about the women mentioned in the text? A. They are highly educated. B. They are truly creative. C. They are pioneers. D. They are peace-lovers. B Grandparents Answer a Call As a third generation native of Brownsville, Texas, Mildred Garza never pleased

2016年高考英语全国卷1

绝密★启用前 2016普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国新课标卷1） 英 语 使用地区：考听力，山西、河南、河北、湖南、湖北、江西、安徽、福建、山东； 不考听力，广东 本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。共150分，共12页。考试时间结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 注意事项： 1. 答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。 2. 选择题必须使用2B 铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。 3. 请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。 4. 保持卡面清洁，不要折叠、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。 注：山西卷赋分不同，满分180分。听力30分不计入总分，考试成绩录取时提供给高校作参考。 第Ⅰ卷 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A 、B 、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例: How much is the shirt? A. ￡19.15. B. ￡9. 18. C. ￡9.15. 答案是C 。 1. What are the speakers talking about? A. Having a birthday party. B. Doing some exercise. C. Getting Lydia a gift. 2. What is the woman going to do? A. Help the man. B. Take a bus. C. Get a camera. 3. What does the woman suggest the man do? A. Tell Kate to stop. B. Call Kate ’s friends. C. Stay away from Kate. 4. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a wine shop. B. In a supermarket. C. In a restaurant. 5. What does the woman mean? A. Keep the window closed. B. Go out for fresh air. C. Turn on the fan. 第二节 (共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A 、B 、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the man going to do this summer? A. Teach a course. B. Repair his house. C. Work at a hotel. 7. How will the man use the money? A. To hire a gardener. B. To buy books. C. To pay for a boat trip. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Schoolmates. B. Colleagues. C. Roommates. 9. What does Frank plan to do right after graduation? A. Work as a programmer. B. Travel around the world. C. Start his own business. ------------- 在-------------------- 此-------------------- 卷-------------------- 上-------------------- 答-------------------- 题-------------------- 无-------------------- 效---------- 姓名________________ 准考证号_____________