VisSim_用户手册part1
Version 8.0
VisSim User's Guide
By Visual Solutions, Inc.
Visual Solutions, Inc.
VisSim User's Guide Version 8.0
Copyright . 2010 Visual Solutions, Inc. Visual Solutions, Inc.
All rights reserved. 487 Groton Road
Westford, MA 01886
Trademarks VisSim, VisSim/Analyze, VisSim/CAN, VisSim/C-Code, VisSim/C-Code Support Library source, VisSim/Comm, VisSim/Comm C-Code, VisSim/Comm Red Rapids, VisSim/Comm Turbo Codes, VisSim/Comm Wireless LAN, VisSim/Fixed-Point, VisSim/Knobs & Gauges, VisSim/Model-Wizard, VisSim/Motion, VisSim/Neural-Net, VisSim/OPC, VisSim/OptimzePRO, VisSim/Real-TimePRO, VisSim/State Charts, VisSim/Serial, VisSim/UDP, VisSim Viewer,and flexWires are trademarks of Visual Solutions. All other products mentioned in this manual are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective manufacturers.
Copyright and use The information in this manual is subject to change without notice and
restrictions does not represent a commitment by Visual Solutions. Visual
Solutions does not assume any responsibility for errors that may
appear in this document.
No part of this manual may be reprinted or reproduced or utilized in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means without permission in writing from Visual Solutions. The Software may not be copied or reproduced in any form, except as stated in the terms of the Software License Agreement.
Acknowledgements The following engineers contributed significantly to preparation of
this manual: Mike Borrello, Allan Corbeil, and Richard Kolk.
Contents
Introduction 1 What is VisSim.......................................................................................................................... 1
The VisSim product family ....................................................................................................... 1
Resources for learning VisSim..................................................................................................3
New features.............................................................................................................................. 3
Interactive webinars................................................................................................................... 4
VisSim movies .......................................................................................................................... 4
Sample diagrams ....................................................................................................................... 4
Training ..................................................................................................................................... 5
Quickstart 7 Overview of VisSim environment.............................................................................................7
Work area....................................................................................................................8
Menu bar .....
................................................................................................................ 8
Toolbars ...................................................................................................................... 9
Scroll bars and Diagram Browser ............................................................................... 9
Status bar................................................................................................................... 10
Simulating a sample VisSim model......................................................................................... 10
Building and simulating a simple VisSim model .................................................................... 13
Working with Block Diagrams 21 Navigating block diagrams......................................................................................................21
Panning and zooming at the current level ................................................................. 21
Moving to different levels.........................................................................................21
Managing block diagrams ....................................................................................................... 23
Creating new block diagrams....................................................................................23
Opening existing block diagrams..............................................................................23
Changing the appearance of block diagrams............................................................. 23
Protecting block diagrams.........................................................................................27
Saving block diagrams .............................................................................................. 28
Adding block diagrams ............................................................................................. 29
Embedding block diagrams.......................................................................................29
Tracking block diagram progress..............................................................................32
Switching between block diagrams...........................................................................33
E-mailing a block diagram ........................................................................................ 33
Printing a block diagram ........................................................................................... 34
Refreshing a block diagram....................................................................................... 35
Closing block diagrams.............................................................................................35
Working with Toolboxes 37 Controls toolbox......................................................................................................................37
Delay approximati
on toolbox .................................................................................................. 37
Dynamic systems toolbox........................................................................................................ 37
Electric toolbox ....................................................................................................................... 38
Electromechanical toolbox ...................................................................................................... 38
Fixed point toolbox.................................................................................................................. 38
Hydraulic toolbox....................................................................................................................39
Logic toolbox .......................................................................................................................... 40
Oil and gas toolbox.................................................................................................................. 40
Process toolbox........................................................................................................................ 40
Quaternion operation toolbox..................................................................................................40
Signal generation toolbox........................................................................................................ 41
Thermal toolbox ...................................................................................................................... 41
Tools toolbox........................................................................................................................... 41
Working with Blocks 43 Types of blocks ....................................................................................................................... 43
Inserting blocks ....................................................................................................................... 44
Specifying block parameters ................................................................................................... 45
Evaluating block parameters during simulation........................................................45
Entering block labels.................................................................................................46
Entering alphanumeric text strings............................................................................46
Entering numeric data ............................................................................................... 46
Entering expressions ................................................................................................. 46
Entering complex numbers........................................................................................ 47
Entering matrix data...................................
...............................................................47
Entering macros in file names...................................................................................49
Using path aliases to reference files .......................................................................... 49
Setting up connector tabs......................................................................................................... 51
Specifying connector tab colors and signal data types .............................................. 51
Displaying signal data values....................................................................................52
Adding and removing connector tabs........................................................................ 52
Labeling connector tabs ............................................................................................ 53
Setting connection classes.........................................................................................53
Restricting connections to class members.................................................................55
Selecting blocks....................................................................................................................... 56
Editing blocks.......................................................................................................................... 56
Moving and copying blocks ...................................................................................... 56
Flipping blocks.......................................................................................................... 59
Aligning blocks ......................................................................................................... 59
Finding and replacing blocks .................................................................................... 60
Deleting blocks.......................................................................................................... 62
Creating block hierarchy ......................................................................................................... 62
Creating a compound block....................................................................................... 62
Drilling into a compound block ................................................................................ 63
Editing compound block properties .......................................................................... 64
Labeling connector tabs on compound blocks .......................................................... 72
Dissolving a compound block...................................................................................72
Re-using compound blocks ....................................................................................... 73
Working with Signals 75 Types of signals.........................................................................
..............................................75
Blocks that accept vector and matrix signals ............................................................ 75
Signal data types ....................................................................................................... 76
Transmitting signals ................................................................................................................ 76
Connection rules........................................................................................................ 76
Connecting blocks.....................................................................................................77
Creating a specific wiring a path...............................................................................77
Displaying signal values............................................................................................ 78
Coloring wires...........................................................................................................78
Labeling wires...........................................................................................................78
Hiding wires..............................................................................................................78
Deleting wires ........................................................................................................... 78
Using variables to transmit signals............................................................................ 78
Simulating Dynamic Systems 83 Types of dynamic systems....................................................................................................... 83
Continuous system simulation .................................................................................. 83
Discrete time system simulation................................................................................ 90
Hybrid system simulation.......................................................................................... 91
Multi-rate simulation................................................................................................. 92
Conditional execution ............................................................................................... 92
Executing modes ..................................................................................................................... 93
Normal mode execution ............................................................................................ 93
Batch mode execution ............................................................................................... 93
Rapid mode execution...............................................................................................94
Setting simulation parameters ................................................................................................. 94
Setting up the simulation range...
..............................................................................95
Setting up an integration method............................................................................... 98
Setting up simulation preferences ........................................................................... 104
Setting simulation defaults......................................................................................109
Controlling a simulation........................................................................................................110
Using the Simulation Control Panel........................................................................110
Starting a simulation ............................................................................................... 110
Stopping a simulation.............................................................................................. 111
Continuing a simulation .......................................................................................... 111
Resetting a simulation to initial conditions ............................................................. 111
Dynamically modifying signal values.....................................................................111
Speeding up simulations.......................................................................................... 111
Trimming a system.................................................................................................. 112
Resetting error conditions ....................................................................................... 112
Snapping system states............................................................................................ 112
Resetting system states............................................................................................ 112
Debugging dynamic models .................................................................................................. 113
Correcting algebraic loop errors.............................................................................. 113
Single-stepping a simulation ................................................................................... 118
Probing signal values .............................................................................................. 119
Correcting integration that has discontinuities ........................................................ 119
Stabilizing system behavior .................................................................................... 119
Checking for wiring mistakes ................................................................................. 119
Viewing simulations..............................................................................................................120
Solving Implicit Equations 121 Setting up an implicit equation..........................................................
.................................... 121
Solving an implicit equation.................................................................................................. 121
Using the implicit solver in compound blocks ...................................................................... 124
Creating custom implicit solvers ........................................................................................... 125
Source files for building a custom implicit solver................................................... 125
Using vissimRequest() in a custom implicit solver.................................................125
Building a custom implicit solver ........................................................................... 127
Using the constraint block with a custom implicit solver ....................................... 127
Performing Global Optimization 129 Global optimization basics .................................................................................................... 129
Cost functions with many local minimum values ................................................... 129
Cost functions with no minimum values.................................................................129
Performing global optimization............................................................................................. 129
Troubleshooting..................................................................................................................... 131
Creating custom global optimizers........................................................................................131
Source files for building a custom global optimizer................................................ 132
Using vissimRequest() in a custom global optimizer..............................................132
Building a custom global optimizer ........................................................................ 134
Designing Digital Filters 135 Digital filter basics ................................................................................................................ 135
Filter operations..................................................................................................................... 135
Time domain filters with tapped delay .................................................................................. 136
Time domain filters with transfer functions .......................................................................... 136
Frequency domain filter implementation............................................................................... 136
Comparison of FIR and IIR filters......................................................................................... 137
Interactive filter design with the transferFunction block.......................................................137
IIR filter design ....................................
................................................................................. 138
FIR filter design..................................................................................................................... 142
Using the FIR Filter Properties dialog box.............................................................. 142
Discrete and continuous FIR filter design...............................................................144
Working with Matrices 147 VML Window ....................................................................................................................... 147
Entering VML functions ......................................................................................... 147
VML arithmetic operators.......................................................................................148
Opening a new VML window.................................................................................148
Passing data to your block diagram......................................................................... 148
Closing the VML window....................................................................................... 148
VML functions ...................................................................................................................... 148
abs(m)...................................................................................................................... 149
cos(m)...................................................................................................................... 149
diag(v) ..................................................................................................................... 150
eye(n) ...................................................................................................................... 150
exp(m) ..................................................................................................................... 150
inv(m)...................................................................................................................... 150
length(m)................................................................................................................. 151
log10(m).................................................................................................................. 151
log2(m).................................................................................................................... 151
log(m)...................................................................................................................... 151
max(m).................................................................................................................... 152
min(m)..................................................................................................................... 152
ones(n).......................................................................
.............................................. 152
pi ............................................................................................................................. 153
rand(n)..................................................................................................................... 153
reshape(m.r,c).......................................................................................................... 153
sin(m) ...................................................................................................................... 153
size(m,k).................................................................................................................. 154
sqrt(m)..................................................................................................................... 154
sum(m) .................................................................................................................... 154
zeros(n).................................................................................................................... 154
Using the VisSim Tutor 157 Creating a VisSim Tutorial.................................................................................................... 157
The Tutorial block................................................................................................... 157
Understanding the Tutorial Control Panel............................................................... 158
Inserting and customizing a pop-up balloon.......................................................................... 158
Editing and formatting text in a pop-up balloon.................................................................... 159
Sizing, manipulating, and repositioning pop-up balloons ..................................................... 161
Organizing a Tutorial ............................................................................................................ 162
Why create new Parts and Modules ........................................................................ 162
Using the Organize Tutorial dialog box..................................................................162
Attaching a sound file to a pop-up balloon............................................................................ 164
Saving your work .................................................................................................................. 164
Before letting others run your Tutorial.................................................................................. 165
Running a Tutorial................................................................................................................. 165
Working with Other Applications 167 Exchanging data with MatLab............................................................................................... 167
Evaluating MatLab expressions .................
............................................................. 167
Setting up a MatLab expression .............................................................................. 168
Reading and writing MatLab variables ................................................................... 169
Importing Simulink models...................................................................................................170
Translating an .MDL...............................................................................................171
Improving block arrangement in VisSim diagrams................................................. 172
Setting up initial data values in VisSim .................................................................. 173
Mapping integration methods.................................................................................. 173
Setting up VisSim blocks ........................................................................................ 173
Translation Examples..............................................................................................174
Simulink Block Translations...................................................................................181
Exchanging data with Maple ................................................................................................. 195
Using the inx and outx Maple script variables......................................................... 195
Executing a Maple script with the Script block....................................................... 195
Displaying data in a Maple window........................................................................ 196
Exchanging data with Mathcad ............................................................................................. 198
Use of the inx and outx keywords ........................................................................... 198
Embedding Mathcad documents ............................................................................. 198
Editing and updating Mathcad documents .............................................................. 199
Scaling and cropping embedded Mathcad documents ............................................ 200
Examining the properties of an embedded Mathcad document............................... 201
Changing the number of connector tabs on an embedded Mathcad document ....... 201
Troubleshooting ...................................................................................................... 202
Using ActiveX to exchange data ........................................................................................... 202
Using the ActiveX read block ................................................................................. 203
Using the ActiveX write block................................................................................204
VisSim-specific functions ......................
................................................................. 206
Examples................................................................................................................. 207
Embedding objects with OLE................................................................................................ 207
Performing dynamic data exchange with DDE ..................................................................... 211
Creating an app-to-VisSim link with DDEreceive..................................................211
Creating a VisSim-to-app link with DDEsend ........................................................ 214
Creating a two-way link with DDE.........................................................................217
Creating DDE links with applications that do not support Copy Link and Paste Link220 Using look-up tables to exchange data .................................................................................. 220 Specifying the data source....................................................................................... 221 Using the Lookup Table wizard .............................................................................. 222
Block Reference
*............................................................................................................................................. 227
-X........................................................................................................................................... 229
/.............................................................................................................................................. 231
less than ................................................................................................................................. 232
less than or equal to ............................................................................................................... 233
== .......................................................................................................................................... 234
!= ........................................................................................................................................... 236
greater than............................................................................................................................237
greater than or equal to..........................................................................................................238
1/X......................................................................................................................................... 239
abs.......................................................................................................................................... 240
acos........................................................................................................................................ 241
ActiveX read.......................................................................................................................... 242
ActiveX write ........................................................................................................................ 242
and ......................................................................................................................................... 243
animate .................................................................................................................................. 243
animation3D .......................................................................................................................... 247
asin ........................................................................................................................................ 248
atan2 ...................................................................................................................................... 249
audioIn................................................................................................................................... 251
audioOut ................................................................................................................................ 254
bessel ..................................................................................................................................... 257
beta ........................................................................................................................................ 259
bezel ...................................................................................................................................... 259
buffer ..................................................................................................................................... 261
button..................................................................................................................................... 263
camera3D............................................................................................................................... 266
Perspective Based on Field of View........................................................................ 266
Perspective .............................................................................................................. 267
Perspective Off Center ............................................................................................ 268
Orthogonal .............................................................................................................. 269
Orthogonal Off Center ............................................................................................ 270
case........................................................................................................................................ 270
cauchy..................................
.................................................................................................. 273
comment ................................................................................................................................ 274
complexToReIm.................................................................................................................... 274
const ...................................................................................................................................... 275
constraint ............................................................................................................................... 276
convert................................................................................................................................... 276
cos.......................................................................................................................................... 277
cosh........................................................................................................................................ 278
cost ........................................................................................................................................ 278
crossDetect ............................................................................................................................ 278
date ........................................................................................................................................ 282
DDE....................................................................................................................................... 282
DDEreceive ........................................................................................................................... 282
DDEsend ............................................................................................................................... 282
deadband................................................................................................................................ 283
delayedSwitch ....................................................................................................................... 284
derivative............................................................................................................................... 285
diag........................................................................................................................................ 286
dialogConstant....................................................................................................................... 286
dialogTable............................................................................................................................ 287
display ...................................................................................................................................
290
dotProduct ............................................................................................................................. 292
eigenvalues ............................................................................................................................ 293
embed .................................................................................................................................... 293
erlang..................................................................................................................................... 293
error ....................................................................................................................................... 294
eventDisplay.......................................................................................................................... 294
eventLog................................................................................................................................ 297
exp ......................................................................................................................................... 298
export..................................................................................................................................... 300
expression.............................................................................................................................. 305
fft ........................................................................................................................................... 305
gain ........................................................................................................................................ 307
gamma ................................................................................................................................... 309
gaussian ................................................................................................................................. 309
globalConstraint .................................................................................................................... 310
histogram............................................................................................................................... 311
ifft.......................................................................................................................................... 312
import .................................................................................................................................... 314
index...................................................................................................................................... 317
indexedAssign ....................................................................................................................... 319
int........................................................................
................................................................... 320
integrator ............................................................................................................................... 321
invert...................................................................................................................................... 326
label ....................................................................................................................................... 327
light........................................................................................................................................ 328
light3D................................................................................................................................... 330
limit ....................................................................................................................................... 334
limitedIntegrator.................................................................................................................... 335
linearSolve............................................................................................................................. 339
lineDraw ................................................................................................................................ 339
ln............................................................................................................................................ 340
log10...................................................................................................................................... 341
magPhase............................................................................................................................... 341
map ........................................................................................................................................ 342
MatLab Expression................................................................................................................ 346
MatLab Read Variable .......................................................................................................... 346
MatLab Write Variable.......................................................................................................... 346
matrixConst ........................................................................................................................... 346
matrixIn ................................................................................................................................. 347
matrixMerge .......................................................................................................................... 347
matrixOut .............................................................................................................................. 348
matrixSize............................
.................................................................................................. 349
max ........................................................................................................................................ 349
maxElement........................................................................................................................... 349
meanSmooth.......................................................................................................................... 350
medianSmooth....................................................................................................................... 351
merge..................................................................................................................................... 352
mesh3D.................................................................................................................................. 353
meter...................................................................................................................................... 354
min......................................................................................................................................... 358
minElement ........................................................................................................................... 359
multiply ................................................................................................................................. 359
neuralNet ............................................................................................................................... 360
not.......................................................................................................................................... 360
OLEobject ............................................................................................................................. 360
or............................................................................................................................................ 360
parabola ................................................................................................................................. 361
parameterUnknown ............................................................................................................... 362
pareto..................................................................................................................................... 362
plot......................................................................................................................................... 362
plot3D.................................................................................................................................... 376
polyFit ...................................................................................................................................
395
polyRoots .............................................................................................................................. 395
pow........................................................................................................................................ 396
PRBS ..................................................................................................................................... 397
psd ......................................................................................................................................... 398
pulseTrain.............................................................................................................................. 398
quantize ................................................................................................................................. 399
ramp....................................................................................................................................... 400
rayleigh.................................................................................................................................. 401
realTime ................................................................................................................................ 402
relay....................................................................................................................................... 402
resetIntegrator........................................................................................................................ 403
reshape................................................................................................................................... 405
rt-DataIn ................................................................................................................................ 405
rt-DataOut.............................................................................................................................. 405
sampleHold............................................................................................................................ 406
sawtooth ................................................................................................................................ 406
scalarToStruct........................................................................................................................ 407
scalarToVec........................................................................................................................... 408
sign ........................................................................................................................................ 408
sin .......................................................................................................................................... 408
sinh .............................................................................
........................................................... 409
sinusoid.................................................................................................................................. 409
slider...................................................................................................................................... 411
spectrumDisplay.................................................................................................................... 412
splineFit................................................................................................................................. 414
sqrt......................................................................................................................................... 415
squareWave ........................................................................................................................... 416
stateSpace .............................................................................................................................. 416
stateTransition ....................................................................................................................... 418
step ........................................................................................................................................ 420
stop ........................................................................................................................................ 421
stripChart............................................................................................................................... 421
structToScalar........................................................................................................................ 429
summingJunction................................................................................................................... 430
tan.......................................................................................................................................... 430
tanh ........................................................................................................................................ 431
timeDelay .............................................................................................................................. 431
timeOfDay............................................................................................................................. 432
timeStamp.............................................................................................................................. 433
transferFunction..................................................................................................................... 435
transpose................................................................................................................................ 439
triangleWave ..........................
............................................................................................... 440
triangular ............................................................................................................................... 440
uniform.................................................................................................................................. 441
unitConversion ...................................................................................................................... 442
unitDelay ............................................................................................................................... 443
unknown ................................................................................................................................ 444
userFunction .......................................................................................................................... 444
variable .................................................................................................................................. 444
vectorSort .............................................................................................................................. 444
vecToScalar........................................................................................................................... 444
video...................................................................................................................................... 445
vsum ...................................................................................................................................... 445
weibull................................................................................................................................... 445
wirePositioner........................................................................................................................ 446
world3D................................................................................................................................. 446
xor.......................................................................................................................................... 448
Extending the Block Set 451 Before you begin… ............................................................................................................... 451
The big picture....................................................................................................................... 451
Criteria for writing DLLs ........................................................................................ 452
Building a DLL ....................................................................................................... 452
How VisSim talks to a DLL .................................................................................................. 452
Calling conventions..........
....................................................................................... 453
Simulation level functions....................................................................................... 453
Block level functions............................................................................................... 454
Exported functions .................................................................................................. 460
Debugging hints .................................................................................................................... 465
Using the DLL wizard........................................................................................................... 466
Accessing a custom block from VisSim................................................................................471
Adding a custom block to a VisSim menu .............................................................. 471
Binding a DLL to a userFunction block..................................................................472
Customizing VisSim 473 Customizing VisSim start up.................................................................................................473
Automatically reloading the last diagram at start up...............................................473
Starting VisSim in different modes.........................................................................473
Customizing the VisSim window..........................................................................................474
Showing or hiding scroll bars.................................................................................. 474
Showing or hiding a toolbar....................................................................................474
Showing or hiding the status bar ............................................................................. 474
Customizing the menu bar....................................................................................... 474
Creating custom toolbar buttons ............................................................................. 476
Adding VisSim addons..........................................................................................................477
Managing Your VisSim License 479 Overview of the Install program............................................................................................ 479
Installing or upgrading a single user VisSim license............................................................. 479
Installing a floating network VisSim license.........................................................................480
Activating a VisSim license key............................................................................................ 482
Activating a one year timed license....................................................................................... 483
Transferring