含if的八种省略结构

含if的八种省略结构

类型一：if + 形容词

这类结构通常可视为在if与形容词之间省略了“主语+动词be 的适当形式”。如：

Send the goods now if ready.= Send the goods now if they are ready. 货物如已备好，请即送来。

If true, this will cause us a lot of trouble.= If it is true, this will cause us a lot of trouble. 这事若是事实，它将给我们造成许多麻烦。注：这类省略结构中有的已构成相对固定的搭配，if necessary (如果需要)，if (at all) possible (如果可能)等。如：If necessary, ring me at home. 如果必要，可往我家里打电话。

If possible, let me know beforehand. 如果可能，可在事前通知我。类型二：if + 过去分词

其中的过去分词可视为是被省略的被动结构，即在if与形容词之间省略了主语和助动词be。如：

He will come if asked.= He will come if he is asked.

他如被邀就会来。

The medicine is quite effective if taken in time.=The medicine is quite effective if it is taken in time.

这药要是能按时服用，效果是很好的。

类型三：if + 不定代词(相当于插入语)

这类省略通常要根据具体的上下文来理解。如：

If anyone, he knows. 如果有人知道，那就是他了。

There are few people nowadays, if any, who remember him.

当今记得他的人，如有的话，也不多了。

He seems to have little, if anything, to do with this.

若要说他和这事有什么相关的话，那也似乎是很少的。

类型四：if + 介词短语

这类结构往往要根据具体的语境来理解，但有些经常搭配的惯用结构也值得注意，如if in doubt, if at all (就算真的有，也…[置于句末，具体意思根据句子前半部分而定] ), if by any chance(=by accident就算碰巧...也...)等。如：

If in doubt, ask your doctor. He can give you further information. 你若有疑问，可以问问医生. 他会向你作进一步的说明。Their policies have changed little, if at all, since the last election. 自上次选举以来，他们的政策就算是有所变化，也变得很少。If by any chance you can’t manage dinner tonight, perhaps we can at least have a drink together.

就算你今晚不吃晚饭，也许我们至少可以一起喝一杯。

类型五：if + ever(相当于adv.)

if ever 可视为习语，它通常与seldom连用，表示“极少”“难得”。如：

She seldom, if ever, goes to the cinema. 她难得看电影。

He seldom if ever travels abroad.

他到国外旅行，即使有过，也是极少的。

注：有时ever后面还修饰有其他词语。如：

The island is seldom if ever visited by ships.

这个岛难得有船停靠。

另外，它有时还可引出一个句子。如：

If ever you’re in Cambridge, do give me a ring.

万一你来剑桥，一定要给我打电话。

类型六：if + not

if not 可视为一个否定的条件状语从句省略。如：

I might see you tomorrow. If not, then it’ll be Saturday.

我可能明天去看你。如果不是明天，那就在周六。

Ask her if it is a convenient time. If not, can she suggest another possible time? 问问她那个时间方便不方便。要是不方便，那她可不可以提出一个可行的时间-?

注：有时not还可修饰另一个词语。如：

If not today, tomorrow I’m sure you’ll get an answer.

如果今天得不到回信，明天准能得到。

This is one of the oldest buildings in town, if not the oldest. 这是城里最古老的房屋之一，如果不是最古老的话。

Usually, if not always, we write “cannot”as one word.

我们即使不总是如此，也通常是把cannot作为一个词来拼写的。类型七：if + so

if so的意思是“如果是那样的话”。如：

I may be free this evening. If so, I’ll come round and see you.

今晚我可能有空。要是有空我会过来看你。

注意以下if so与if not连用的情形：

He may be busy. If so, I’ll call later. If not, can I see him now?

他可能忙，如是这样，我以后再来拜访。他如不忙，我现在可以见他吗?

类型八：if need be 如果需要

if need be为习语，其含义相当于if it is necessary (如果有必要的话)。如：

I will come if need be. 如有必要我会来。

虚拟条件句中if的隐含或省略

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（女） 2、合体象形：用一个符号去描摹物体的外形，用另一个符号作陪衬，以示它所代表的 物体，把两个符号合成一个字。如眉、胃、页、须、瓜、果、州等。 讨论： （人）（羊） （燕）（目） （二）指事 指事字也可分为两类，一类是用抽象符号构成的，一类是在象形字的基础上加以变化构成的。 1、抽象符号：如上、中、下、纠、缀、一、二、三、四等。 2、象形字变更：在象形字上加抽象符号，或减符号，或把字翻转，用来表示抽象概 念或比较复杂的意思。如亦（腋）、本、末、朱、刃、母、亦、曰、甘、血、乌、片、叵、司等。 （女、母）画一个跪坐交手的妇女，这是“女”（象形）；“女”字加两点，表示这是哺乳婴儿的妇女，是一个母亲的形象，“母”（指事）。 象形字和指事字都是独体字。 讨论： 乌、叵、司 （三）会意

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if引导的虚拟条件句(20200509141756)

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例：输入一个学生的数值化成绩，把它转化为等级化成绩。即 100-90是 A， 89-80是 B， 79-70是 C， 69-60是 D， 59-0是 E。 Program q44; Var s:integer; G:char; Begin Write(‘Input the score:’); Readln(s); Case s div 10 of 10,9:g:=’A’; 8:g:=’B’; 7:g:=’C’; 6:g:=’D’; else g:=’E’; end; writeln(s,’‘,g); end. 用 S DIV 10这个表达式作条件； 当 S DIV 10等于 10或 9时，表示 S是 90至于 100之间的值

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Had you come earlier, you would have met him. =If you had come earlier, you would have met him. 你来得早一点，就碰到他了。 Should it rain, the crops would be saved. =If it should rain, the crops would be saved.假如下雨，庄稼就有救了。 注意：在虚拟语气的从句中，动词'be'的过去时态一律用"were"，不用was，即在从句中be用were代替。 例如：If I were you, I would go to look for him. 如果我是你，就会去找他。 If he were here, everything would be all right. 如果他在这儿，一切都会好的。

典型例题_____ to do the work, I should do it some other day. A. If were I B. I were C. Were I D. Was I 答案 C. 在虚拟条件状语中如果有were, should, had这三个词，通常将if省略，主语提前, 变成were, should, had +主语的形式。

If虚拟条件句

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省略if的虚拟条件句

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=If they were here now, they could help us.他们现在在的话，就会帮助我们了。 Had you come earlier, you would have met him. =If you had come earlier, you would have met him. 你来得早一点，就碰到他了。 Should it rain, the crops would be saved. =If it should rain, the crops would be saved.假如下雨，庄稼就有救了。 注意：在虚拟语气的从句中，动词'be'的过去时态一律用"were"，不用was，即在从句中be用were代替。 例如：If I were you, I would go to look for him. 如果我是你，就会去找他。 If he were here, everything would be

all right. 如果他在这儿，一切都会好的。 典型例题_____ to do the work, I should do it some other day. A. If were I B. I were C. Were I D. Was I 答案C. 在虚拟条件状语中如果有were, should, had这三个词，通常将if省略，主语提前, 变成 were, should, had +主语的形式。

(完整版)if虚拟语气练习题(2)

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汉字八种基本笔画

汉字八种基本笔画

左右结构： 从、双、林、比、朋、你、他、们、住、信、江、叶、听、时、明、好、妈、姑、娘、她、许、说、话、蚂、蚁、沙、浪、海、渔、河、洞、村、和、知、秋、对、戏、阴、阳、枫、样、的、放、抱、打、红、组、祖、怀、惊、 左中右结构： 树、谢、游、 上下结构： 早、是、全、合、会、公、分、奇、去、写、字、名、冬、交、青、背、泉、您、感、色、学、雪、古、舌、兄、声、音、尖、尘、奇、 上中下结构：草、鱼、京、高、燕、竞、奔、谷、

内外结构：日、目、田、回、国、四、因、 半边包围结构： 这、边、过、道、厂、厅、广、庆、床、斤、反、习、司、 三面包围结构：门、问、月、用、同、风、区 叠字结构： 双、比、朋、从、众、吕、品、昌、晶、磊、林、森 有趣的汉字对话 “比”对“北”说：兄弟一场，何必背靠背呢！ “巾”对“币”说：孩子啊，你戴上博士帽，也就身价百倍了。“晶”对“品”说：你家难道没装修 “自”对“目”说：你单位裁员了？ “个”对“人”说：不比你们年轻人了，没根手杖几乎寸步难行。“兵”对“丘”说：看看战争有多残酷，两条腿都炸飞了！“占”对“点”说：买小轿车了？ “人”对“从”说：你怎么还没去做分离手术？ “寸”对“过”说：老爷子，买躺椅了？ “由”对“甲”说：这样练一指禅挺累吧？

“正”对“止”说：大风把大盖帽吹掉了？ “土”对“王”说：你从哪里弄来的一顶大盖帽？ “土”对“干”说：你为啥总是与我倒着干？ “长”对“张”说：你以为你是后羿啊，没事整天背张弓干嘛？“大”对“爽”说：就四道题，你怎么全做错了？ “电”对“龟”说：歪戴着帽子，扮什么酷？ “日”对“旦”说：你什么时候学会玩滑板了？ “人”对“入”说：兄弟，你好有个性。 “人”对“众”说：被人抬着，高高在上，当心摔着。 “叉”对“又”说：什么时候整的容啊脸上那颗痣呢 “木”对“术”说：脸上长颗痣就当自己是美人了。 “木”对“末”说：扛着长杆我就不认识你啦 “木”对“未”说：扛着短杆我照样认识你！ 贝对见说：还练劈叉呢，小心别把裤子整开线了。