高中英语 语法冲刺 情态动词 (2)

情态动词

1. China is developing its high-speed train technology fast, so it _____be good enough to catch up with the best.

A. may

B. might

C. must

D. should

2. Then some other interesting reasons appear, such as “It's so smoggy that I ______find my way to office."

A. mustn’t

B. won’t

C. can’t

D. shouldn’t

3. "The world is big, and I want to see it," wrote a teacher in her resignation letter. _____ you quit your job to travel the world?

A. Must

B. Might

C. Should

D. Would

【答案揭晓】CCD

一、情态动词的定义

情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义，但要与动词原形或其被动语态一起使用，给谓语动词增添情态色彩，表示说话人对有关行为或事物的态度和看法，认为其可能.应该或必要等。情态动词后面加动词原形。

1. No driving electric motorbikes in some areas is a rule that we shall obey in Fuzhou.

必须.一定（法律.法规等）动词原形

2. Women who are exposed to second-hand smoke during their pregnancy can be at risk of abortion.能，会，可以(表示有能力或机会) 动词原形

二、常考情态动词的关键用法

(一) can

1. －Jim，it is time you went to bed．You need to get up early tomorrow.

－It’s not fair，Mary can stay up till ten hut I have to go to bed at eight.

可以(表示允许)

2.If it were not for the fact that she can't sing，I would invite her to the party.

能，会，可以(表示有能力)

3. Luckily, iron can be reworked and mistakes don't have to be thrown away

能够，可以(表示某事物的特点)

4.Peter can be really difficult to get along with at times even though he’s a nice person in general.

有可能;有时会

5. I cannot choose but to go.

不能，无法(用于否定句，表示情况不允许)

6.I cannot thank you enough,it has been a wonderful day.

再.....也不为过( 也可以用can never/hardly.....too much)

7.—Is Jack on duty today?—It can't be him.It’s his turn tomorrow.

不可能(can可用于否定句/疑问句中表猜测，此句表对现在的猜测)

8.—Can he have been chosen as captain of the football team? —Yes, he must have.

可能（can可用于否定句/疑问句中表猜测，can have done表示对过去的猜测猜测）

9. This old lady was struggling out of the train and I said, 'Oh, can I help you?'

能(通常用于疑问句，表示建议或提议帮忙)

10. Can you just lift the table for a second?

(用于疑问句时,can 表示礼貌的请求，而can't 表示强烈请求）

(二) could

1.For my return journey, I felt I could afford the extra and travel first class

能;会(表示发生在过去的能力)

2.–I feel bored with nothing interesting to do.

--You could watch TV. There will be a very good Hollywood film on this evening.

可以(表示提议或建议)

3. –Could I have a look? --Of course you can.

表许可（委婉的语气用could，回答时用can）

4. An improvement in living standards could be years away.

可能(表示某事可能属实或可能发生，对将来或者现在发生事情的肯定猜测)

5.When the ship sailed out from Thailand, the 16 sailors on board couldn't have thought_ that only half of

可能(could have done，只用于否定句和疑问句中，表示对过去发生事情的猜测)

them would return again. 高.考.资.源.网

6. He did not regret saying what he did but felt that he could have expressed it differently.

(could have done用于肯定句中，表虚拟语气，表示过去本有可能发生的事情但却并未发生，不能使用can’t have done的形式)

（三）be able to

1.Even if standardized tests like the SAT could show a stude nt’s academic proficiency（学业水平）,they will never be able to test things like confidence, efforts and willpower, and are unable to give us the full picture of a student’s potentialities（潜力）

【解析】be able to 解释为“能够”，有各种时态的形式。

注：can 和be able to 都可以表示能力.can泛指一般的能力,而且只有两种形式,即:can, could．

be able to 则主要指具体做到了某件事的能力，其形式主要是靠be 发生变化，所以形式比can 多．

可以说：I can swim. I am able to swim.

但是不能说：All the people could escape from the big fire in time.

只能说：All the people were able to escape from the fire in time.

(四) may

1.Every one of us may plant a tree in the school, or organize a thorough cleaning on the campus.

可以(表许可)

2. （1）Some people who don’t like to talk much are not necessarily shy；they may just be quiet people.

有可能，也许(may表猜测，用于肯定或否定句中，此例表示对现在某种情况的猜测）

（2）You might just as well tell the manufacturer that male customers may not like the design of the furniture.也许，可能(may表猜测，用于肯定或否定句中，may not 为“可能不”的意思)

（3）I can’t find my purse anywhere.—You may have lost it while shopping.

(may表猜测，may have done表示对过去或者现现在已经完成的动作的肯定猜测)

3.May God bless you!

祝;但愿

(五) might

1.I was wondering if I might ask you a favor?

可不可以，能否(用于礼貌地打断别人.提出问题.做出请求或引出接下来要说的话)

2.—Excuse me.Is this the right way to the Summer Palace? —Sorry，I am not sure.But it might be.

可能(表不是很有把握的猜测，语气比may 弱)

3.—Where is my dictionary? I remember I put it here yesterday.

—You might have put it in the wrong place.

(might表猜测，might have done则表示对过去或者现已完成的动作的肯定猜测=may have done)

4. I told your friend how to get to the hotel，but perhaps I might have driven her there.

（此处，might have done表虚拟语气，意为“过去原本可能/可以做到的事而未做”）

5.This holiday isn’t much fun; we might\may as well be back home.

只好(做);(做…)也无妨

(六) will

1.The low test score, they think, will make it impossible for them to get into a good college.

将（表示将来）

2.You will carry out these instructions and report back into this afternoon.

(表示将来的正式安排)

3.He will become her senior adviser--- her deputy, if you will.

愿意

4.-----Anyone, answer the phone? ------ I will.

临时的决定

5. Mary will sit for hours reading.

The window will not open, however hard he tries.

表现在经常反复的动作或者趋向

6. Man will die without air.

表必然性

(七) would

1.John promised his doctor he would not smoke，and he has never smoked ever since.

（will 的过去式，用于转述）将

2.Hurry up! It would be a shame to miss the beginning of the play.

She’d be a fool to accept it.

将，将会(表示判断或看法)

3.She wouldn’t change it even though she knew it was wrong.

不愿(表示意愿)

4.When he had a problem to solve，he would work at it until he found an answer.

常常（表示过去的习惯）

She would be always the first to offer to help.

The car wouldn’t start this morning.

老是，总是（表趋向）

(八) shall

1.We/I shall call you back this afternoon.

(表将来用于No.1人称)

2.--- Has Mr. Tom White arrived? --- Yes, already. Shall he wait outside or just come in?

(shall用在疑问句中，且主语为No.1/No.3人称，表示征求对方意见)

3.（1）—What does the sign over there read?

—“No person shall smoke or carry a lighted cigarette，cigar or pipe in this area.”

（2）“The interest s hall be divided into five parts，according to the agreement made by both sides，”declared the

judge.

（3）You shall get the answer tomorrow.

（4）They shall not be allowed in after 11 p.m.

(shall用在陈述句中，且主语为No.2/No.3人称时，表示允诺、命令、警告、决心或规定)

(九) should/ought to

1.—I think I’ll give Bob a ring.—You should. You haven’t been in touch with him for ages.

应该;应当

2. (1) —Margaret should not stay at home all day long in front of the TV.

应该，必须(表示给出指示或公布官方命令)

(2) —That' s right．She ought to go to the fitness center with us.

应该，必须

3.There should not be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practised a lot

.应该，可能(表示预期或可能性)

4.If you should be fired, your health and pension benefits will not be automatically cut off

将要，假定要(用在虚拟条件从句中表示事件发生的可能性)

5.I insisted that we should have a look at every car

应该(用在某些动词、名词之后that引导的虚拟语气从句中)

6. It’s surprising/strange that he should be a thief.

竟然（用在某些adj./n. 之后that 引导的虚拟语气中）

7.—I’ll tell Mary about her new job tomorrow.—You should have told her last week.

(should have done=ought to have done，表示本应该做的事而未做)

8.You oughtn’t to have been late for yesterday’S class meeting，as it was so important．

(ought not to have done=should not have done，表示过去本不该做的事却做了)

注：ought to与should的用法区别如下

1. 一般说来，两者可替换，只是ought to语气稍重。如：

You ought to/should go and see Mary. 你应该去看看玛丽。

2. 表示出于法令规则、行为准则、道德责任等客观情况而“应该”做某事时，一般应用ought to，若用should则强调个人意见、主观看法。

如：We ought to go and see Mary tomorrow, but I don’t think we will.

明天我们按理应该去看看玛丽，但是我认为我们去不了。(此句不宜用should)。

3. 在公告、须知或条例中，出于礼貌，常用should. 如：

You should not run alongside the swimming-pool. 不准在游泳池边奔跑

(十) must/ have to

1.—It’s the office! So you must know eating is not allowed here. — Oh, sorry.

必须，应当(通常因为规定或法律)

2. In crowded places like airports and railway stations，you must take care of your luggage.

务必，一定要(用于表示建议或邀请)

John，look at the time. Must you play the piano at such a late hour?

偏偏，非要(用于问句中表示生气)

4. Tom，you mustn't leave all your clothes on the floor like this!

一定不要

—Hi, Tom. Any idea where Jane is? —She_must be_in the classroom. I saw her there just now.

很可能是，想必是，肯定是(must表猜测，只用于肯定句中，此句是对现在的猜测)

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高二英语情态动词解析版汇编及解析 一、单项选择情态动词 1．I’m sorry, but you _____ go wrong. There’s no such man here. A．need B．can C．must D．will 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 考查情态动词。句意：很抱歉，但是你一定是弄错了。这儿没有这么个人。A. need需要； B. can能够； C. must必须； D. will将会。must指有把握的推测，“一定；必定”，结合下文There’s no such man here.可知一定是弄错了。故选C。 2．Using AI， many companies are now conducting experiments that__________ possible just a few years ago． A．would have been B．might have been C．shouldn't have been D．couldn't have been 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 考查情态动词表推测。句意：很多公司现在使用人工智能进行试验，这在几年前是不可能的。根据“a few years ago”可知，此处表示“过去不可能”，应该用couldn’t have done，故D 项正确。 3．Most of the top leaders expressed a common desire at the UN conference, ______ that different cultures ______ coexist with tolerance. A．the one ; must B．the one ; should C．one ; must D．one ; should 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 考查替代和情态动词。句意：大多数高层领导人在联合国大会上表达了一个共同的愿望，即不同的文化应该与宽容共存。大多数高层领导人在联合国大会上表达了一个共同的愿望，即不同的文化应该与宽容共存。替代表泛指的单数名词，通常用one替代。此处用one替代前面的a desire，是同位语；结合句意第二空用情态动词should“应该”。故选D。【点睛】 that ,it ,one 代指前面的名词时的用法 1.one 指代前面出现的可数名词，是泛指。可以和冠词连用，也可以有自己的定语。一般不能用做特指，但和定冠词连用时可以是特指。如： Please show me the cup, the red one on the shelf. 2.It 指代前面提到的单数名词，相当于the one。当one是泛指的时候，指的是同名异物，it是指同一物体.如： ----Do you want the cup ? ---Yes ,I want it.

初中英语语法情态动词用法大全

情态动词 有can (could), may (might), must, have to, shall (should, will (would), dare (dared), need (needed), ought to等。情态动词无人称和数的变化；不能单独使用，必须与其后的动词原形构成谓语。 情态动词 句和疑问句中表示请求，允许，意为“能够” could 是can 的过去式，意为“能、会”，表示过去的水平在疑问句中表示委婉请求 may 表示请求、许可，意为“能够”表示推测，常用于肯定句中，意为“可能、也许” might 是may的过去式,表推测，常用于肯定句中，意为“可能、也许”must 表示主观看法，意为“必须、应该”表有把握的推测，用语肯定句dare 表示敢于，主要用于否定句和疑问句中 should 意为“应该”，表示要求和命令表示劝告、建议 had better 意为“最好”，表示建议 used to意为“过去常常，表示过去的动作、行为 考点一情态动词知识清单 情态动词有具体的词义，但也同助动词一样，需要与其他词语一起构成句子的谓语，另外情态动词没哟人称和数的变化，情态动词后必须跟动词原形。 1. can 的用法 （1）表示水平、许可、可能性。表示水平时一般译为“能、会”，即有种水平，尤其是生来具备的水平，此时may 和must 均不可代替它。（2）表示可能、能够。如：I can finish it in an hour. （3）表示许可，常在口语中。如：You can use my dictionary. （4）表示推测，意为“可能”，常用于否定句和疑问句中，此时can’t 译为“不可能”。 2.could的用法 （1）can的过去式，意为“能、会”，表示过去的水平。 （2）could 在疑问句中，表示委婉的语气，此时没有过去式的意思。 3.may的用法 （1）表示请求、许可，比can 正式， （2）表示推测，谈论可能性，意为“可能，或许”，一般用于肯定句中。 （3）may的过去式为might ，表示推测时。可能性低于may 。 4. must的用法 （1）must 表示主观看法，意为“必须、一定”。 （2）其否定形式mustn’t表示“一定不要”“千万别”“禁止, 不许”.（3）对must引导的疑问句，肯定回答为must，否定回答为needn’t或don’t have to . （4）must 表示有把握的推测，用于肯定句。当must 表示肯定的判断、推测时，其反意疑问句要用实际问句的助动词来构成。 She must have finished writing, hasn’t she? 5. need的用法 （1）need 表示需要、必须，主要用于否定句和疑问句中，其否定形式为needn’t，意为“没有必要，不必”。用need 提问时，肯定回答为must，否定回答为needn’t。如：----Need I stay here any longer? ----Yes, you must .-----No. you needn’t . (2) need 还能够作实义动词，此时有人称、数和时态的变化，后边多接动词不定式。 6. dare 的用法dare意为“敢、敢于”,用法近似于need，有两种词性： （1）dare 作为情态动词，多用于否定句、疑问句或条件句中，无第三人称单数形式，只有一般现在时和一般过去时。 （2）dare 作为实义动词，此时有人称、数即时态的变化。注意：在口语中，dare 的各种形式常与不带to 的不定式连用。Do you dare tell her what I said? 7. shall 的用法 （1）shall 表示征求对方意见（多用于第一、三人称）， Shall we go out for a walk? （2）表示决心、警告、命令（多用于第二、三人称）， No one shall bring your beepers or mobile phones in the exam. 8. should的用法 （1） should 意为“应该”，可表示劝告、建议、义务、责任等。We should protect the environment. （2） should (would)like to do sth. 表示“想要、愿意做某事”，常用于口语中。Would you like to go with me? 你想和我一起去吗？ （3）Should have done 表示对过去动作的责备、批评。 You should have finished your homework. 9. will 的用法 will表示意愿、意志、打算，可用于多种人称。 I will help you if I’m free this afternoon. 10. had better 的用法 had better 意为“最好”，没有人称的变化，后面接不带to 的不定式，其否定形式为：had better not。 We had better go now. You had better not give the book to him. 考点二含有情态动词的疑问句 1. 由can、may、must构成的疑问句 （1）句式：Can/ May/ Must…+ 主语+动词原形+….？如：Can you repair the car? Could he be a good student? May I borrow your ruler?Must we clean the room now? （2）对may 引出的问句，能够有下列回答方式：Yes, of course. Yes, certainly.Sure.No, you mustn’t.No, you can’t. （3）对must引出的疑问句，回答为：Yes, …must.No,…needn’t/don’t have to. 2. will，would，shall 的用法 （1）will 在一般疑问句中表示客气的“请求、劝说”。would 是will 的过去式，语气更加客气、委婉。Would you show me your picture book? Will you please give me a call? （2）对will/ would you…的回答方式有以下几种：Yes, I will. (No, I won’t.)Sure . (I’m sorry , I can’t.)All right.Certainly. (No, thank you .) Yes, please. （3）shall引出的疑问句用于第一人称，表示征求对方意见或客气的请求。其回答方式有以下几种：Yes, please.All right. No, thank you. 考点三不同情态动词的否定意义也不同 1. （1）can’t可译为“不会”，如：I can’t play basketball. 我不会打篮球。（2）当句子表推测时，用can’t表达不可能，He can’t be ill. He is playing chess with Tom.（3）can’t还可用来回答“ May I …?”这样的问句。May I come in ?No, you mustn’t. / can’t.（4）can’t还可用于固定习语中。She can’t help crying. 2.may 的否定式为may not ，译成“可能不”，He may not be at home. 3.（1）mustn’t表示不许，不可。He mustn’t leave his room.