高考英语阅读理解基础极品训练题(37)

2014高考英语阅读理解基础极品训练题（37）及答案

阅读理解------C

Yao Yunchun, a 24-year-old author who frequently shops online in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, has never been so impatient for her parcels as she is now. She has been counting every day while she waits for the products she ordered to arrive, as many deliveries have been delayed over the past month.“It took more than a week for one of my parcels to arrive from Beijing while, in the past, it took only four days,”said Yao.

She is just one of the many who like shopping on T https://www.wendangku.net/doc/d52526217.html,, the country’s largest online shopping site, which has posted apologetic announcements to customers for the delays in deliveries.“Many parcels are still at the airport and cannot be delivered on time, but I think I will do my best.”Taobao clothes retailer(零售商) IM Shop said on its website. Meanwhile, major express delivery companies in China have put up notices saying they are ready to cope with the delay in recent days.

“It was mainly caused by a big increase in online shopping orders because of discounts offered by e-commerce companies,”said Chen Shousong, an analyst with domestic research company Analysis International.

Taobao Mall, the country’s largest business-to-customer shopping site by market share, for example, rolled out a large-scale discount on November 11 in which 150 brands sold their products at half price. The discount attracted the attention of many e-shopping enthusiasts who spent 936 million yuan( $ 142 million) in just one day. The recent shortage of diesel oil, which restricts d elivery vehicles’ capacity, and bad weather conditions in North China, also added to an already overloaded express delivery market.

Bottlenecks in delivery often appear before long holidays, such as the coming Christmas and New Year holidays and the Chinese traditional Spring Festival holiday. Delivery employees often quit their jobs at that time when faced with lots of work and low pay. So some express delivery companies are applying to build their own teams, even airlines.

64. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

A. Waiting for the Postman Impatiently

B. Shopping on https://www.wendangku.net/doc/d52526217.html, Conveniently

C. Arguing with Retailers Online Heatedly

D. Suffering from Large-scale Discounts

65. Why were many deliveries delayed last month?

A. The airport didn’t perform their duty properly.

B. Some customers didn’t pay enough money.

C. Sales volume in online shopping goes up rapidly.

D. Delivery companies are short of vehicles.

【答案】C

【解析】根据第三段It was mainly caused by a big increase in online shopping orders because of discounts offered by e-commerce companies,送货慢的原因是意为商家打折，网上订单剧增造成的，可知 C为正确答案。

【考点定位】考查细节理解能力。

66.The underlined word“enthusiasts”has the same meaning with .

A. retailers

B. customers

C. providers

D. owners

67. What would be continued with the passage?

A. To attract more new delivery employees.

B. To call off the holiday for the Spring Festival.

C. To stop online shopping before holidays.

D. To build e-commerce companies’ own delivery teams.

【答案】D

【解析】由文段最后一句一些快递公司正在创建自己的团队和航线可知，接下来文章就应该讲网络商建立自己的快递团队，故D为正确答案。

【考点定位】考查作者写作思路推理的能力。

阅读理解---C

(2013·东北三省四市第二次联考，C)

Eco City Farms are becoming more popular in cities and towns around the United States.

Eco City Farms in Edmonston, Maryland, is located near shopping centers, car repair shops and homes. The neighborhood is a workingclass community. People do not have very much money, and they have limited access to fresh food in markets.

Over the past two years, the farm has attracted volunteers from the community like Marcy Clark. She schools her four children at home. On a recent day she brought them to Eco City Farms for a lesson. Her son Alston Clark thinks his experience is very valuable. “I like coming out here，”he says, “You know, you connect with the earth, where your food comes from. You appreciate the food a little bit more.”

Margaret Morgan started Eco City Farms. She thinks of it as a place where people can learn to live healthier lives. “Growing food in a community brings people together，” she continues, “Every piece of what we do here is a demonstration to show people everything about how to have an ecofriendly community.” she says. From the Eco City Farms people come to know that they are not only growing food and raising chickens and bees, but improving the soil with compost (肥料) made from food waste.

Eco City Farms is an experimental operation. The farm gets its power not from the local electricity networks, but from the sun with solar panels. In winter, the green houses use a geothermal (地热) system.

Vegetables can be grown all year. So once a week, all winter long, neighbors like Chris Moss and her three children bike to the farm to pick up a share of the harvest.

“I like eating the vegetables，” says fiveyearold Owen Moss.

文章大意：本文是一篇报道。文章介绍了美国各地日益流行的生态城市农场(Eco City Farms)。它不但可以带动生态社区，引领人们过上绿色健康的生活，更成为人们了解地球、了解食物的好去处。

8．What is mainly talked about in the passage?

A．Eco City Farms save a lot of energy.

B．Eco City Farms are gaining popularity.

C．Eco City Farms are influencing community life.

D．Eco City Farms helps the workingclass live better.

答案：B 主旨大意题。通读全文特别是文章首段可知，本文就“‘生态城市农场’在美国各地日益流行”进行了相关介绍。故答案选B。

9．According to the passage, Eco City Farms are close to the following places EXCEPT ________.

A．shopping centers

B．car repair shops

C．fastfood restaurants

D．workingclass community

答案：C 细节理解题。根据第二段第一、二句“... is located near shopping centers, car repair shops and homes. The neighborhood is a workingclass community.”可知，答案选C。

10．What is the author's attitude toward Eco City Farms?

A．Enthusiastic. B．Disappointed.

C．Surprised. D．Doubtful.

答案：A 观点态度题。根据第三、四段所使用的语言“the farm has attracted volunteers... I like coming out here...”“bring s people together... From the Eco City Farms people come to know...”可知，作者对生态城市农场持积极乐观态度，对其很感兴趣。C项文中并未提到，B、D两项不符合文义。故答案选A。

11．In which column of a newspaper can you most probably read this article?

A．People. B．Travel.

C．Environment. D．Education.

答案：C 推理判断题。根据文章的主旨大意可知，“生态城市农场”并不是一个旅游项目，其目的也并不是教育人，文章并未以人为中心进行介绍，故可排除A、B、D三项。根据第三段倒数第二句中的“connect with the earth”，第四段最后一句中的“improving the soil with compost (肥料) made from food waste”及第五段中的“from the sun with solar panels. In winter, the green houses use a geothermal (地热) system”可推知，本文

应来源自报纸的“环境”专栏。故答案选C。

阅读理解------D

(2013皖南八校第三次联考，C)

BEIJING—China's Beijing and Shanghai cities and Guangdong Province on Sunday published plans to gradually allow migrant workers'(外来务工人员) children to enter senior high schools and sit college entrance exams locally.

They are the latest in a total of 13 provinces and municipalities(市) to formulate plans to ensure that rural children who have followed their parents to cities can enjoy the same rights as their urban peers in education.

Beijing will allow migrant workers' children to attend local vocational schools in 2013 and allow them to be matriculated by universities after graduating from the vocational programs in 2014, said a statement from the city's commission of education.

Shanghai took a step further, saying it will allow migrant children in the city to enter local senior high schools, vocational schools and sit college entrance exams (commonly known as gaokao) locally starting in 2014.

Guangdong has asked its cities to start recruiting(招收)migrant workers' children in local senior high schools in 2013. The province will allow these children to sit gaokao and compete with local residents on an equal feeting in college entrance starting in 2016, Luo said the restrictions would be relaxed gradually and “step by step” as the province must solve the conflict between its gigantic migrant population and a scarcity of education resources.

Migrant workers, whose children could be benefited by the new plans of the three regions, must have residential permits, stable jobs and incomes, and meet other local requirements, according to the plans.

China's hukou, or household registration system, used to confine children to attending schools in their home provinces. A 2003 regulation amended this by allowing migrant workers' children to receive the nineyear compulsory education in cities where their parents work.

Official figures show that China has more than 250 million farmersturnedworkers living in cities. An estimated 20 million children have migrated with their parents to the cities.

文章大意：在北京、上海和广东的务工子女，能够就地入学或高考了。

12．What's the best title of this passage?

A.China's educational reform on the way

B.Migrants' dreams come true

C.Reform plans published for migrant children's education

D.Migrants ask for equal rights in education

答案：C 主旨大意题。这是一篇新闻报道，第一段就是新闻的主要内容。C项很好地概括了新闻的主要内容，并符合标题的特点。

13．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?

A.Beijing，Shanghai and Guangdong took the lead in making plans for migrant children's education.

B.There are altogether 13 provinces and municipalities that have made plans for migrant children's education.

C.Beijing will allow migrant workers' children to enter the local school in 2013.

D.Migrant workers' children began to receive senior high school education in cities where their parents work in 2003.

答案：B 细节理解题。由第二段的第一句得知B正确、A错误；由第三段得知C错误；由第七段中的A 2003 regulation ...to receive the nineyear compulsory education in cities where their parents work.得知D错误。

14．Which of the following words can the underlined word“confine” be replaced by?

A.limit B．prevent

C．protect D．resist

答案：A 词义猜测题。根据所在句子的意思：“中国的户口过去_______了孩子们只能在他们家乡省份上学。”，并结合上下文，可知是“限制”，而不是“阻止”、“保护”或是“抵制”。

15．Which of the following statements can be inferred according to the passage?

A.Guangdong will allow migrant workers' children to sit gaokao locally in 2016.

B.China's hukou is now no longer important and should be cancelled.

C.The Chinese government should continue deepening the educational reform.

D.It is likely that not all migrant workers' children can enter senior high schools or sit gaokao in Beijing, Shanghai and Guangdong with the new plans polished.

答案：D 推理判断题。由第六段得知：在北京、上海和广东，能够就地入学或高考的孩子的父母必须符合几个条件。言外之意：不符合条件的就不能享受这一政策。故D正确；A

项为事实，而非推断；B、C文中无依据。

阅读理解---------D

A food additive is any substance that is added to food. Many people are put off by the idea of“chemicals in food.”The truth is that all food is made up of chemicals. Natural substances like milk, as well as man-made ones like drinks on sale in the market, can be described by chemical formulas. Some chemical substances are indeed harmful, but a person who refused to consume any chemicals would find nothing to eat.

The things we eat can be divided into natural and man-made substances. Some people feel that only natural foods are healthy and that all man-made ingredients are to be avoided. But many natural chemicals, found in plants and animals, are harmful when eaten, and some laboratory-made substances increase the nutritional value of food. Other chemicals have natural and man-made forms that are exactly alike: vitamin C is vitamin C, whether it comes from a test tube or from an orange. Like“chemical”,“man-made”doesn’t necessarily mean“not fit to eat”.

Food additives are used for many reasons. We add sugar and salt and other things to foods we prepare at home to make them taste better. Food producers have developed a range of additives that stabilize, thicken, harden, keep wet, keep firm, or improve the appearance of their products. Additives can make food more convenient or nutritious, give it a longer shelf life, and make it more attractive to the consumer, thus increasing the sales and profits of the producers.

Food additives are presently the centre of a storm of serious argument. Food producers have been known to use additives that have not been proved safe; some substances in common use have been proved unsafe and have been taken off the market. Many people feel there’s a risk of eating food to which anything has been added. But food additives are now regulated by the FDA of the federal government, and new additives are subjected to strict testing before they can be placed on the market. For most people, the chances of developing serious side effects from the long-term

use of presently approved food additives are very slim.

68. From the passage we can learn that .

A. all foods consist of chemical substances

B. it is right to reject chemicals in food

C. food additives are harmful to our health

D. natural foods are much safer than man-made ones

【答案】A

【解析】由第一段The truth is that all food is made up of chemicals.事实上所有的食物都含有化学物质。可知A为正确答案。

【考点定位】考查细节理解题。

69. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. Foods with more additives have higher nutritional value.

B. To ensure food safety, the FDA will ban food additives.

C. Foods free of additives can keep a much longer shelf life.

D. Food additives can improve the quality of foods in many ways.

【答案】D

【解析】由第三段介绍食品添加剂可以防潮，改善品味，提高营养等可知D为正确答案。【考点定位】考查细节理解题。

70.We can infer from the regulation to the food additives by the FDA that .

A. new additives will be approved more easily than before

B. food producers won’t be allowed to use new food additives

C. food with common-used additives will be taken off the market

D. food additives will be used in a safer and more scientific way

71. According to the writer, the food additive is .

A. worrying

B. acceptable

C. poisonous

D. avoidable