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中西教育制度差异(英文)

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The differences between Chinese and Western education system

论中西方教育体系的差异

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2014年5月

The differences between

Chinese and Western education system

Abstract

As is known to all,the way of thinking and cultural differences between east and west caused the two different education system, extremely bright contrast reflects in two different cultural background of the different characteristics of the children. Say western education first, from the system to the policy implementation is almost complete, the main body of education is to cultivate children's ability and quality, from the time they are small children began to exercise their ability to live independently, in the international summer camp we can clearly to find their children are stronger than our children . The quality of Chinese education too much emphasis on the cultivation of the exam-oriented education, compared with western often ignore the cultivation of ability and the ability of self improvement.

In this paper, first of all make the enlightenment education as an example to confirm this topic, and then analyze the distinction of Chinese and western education mode,At last issued the calling and the sigh of "China’s education system needs reform" .

Key Woeds

Education , Chinese and western , difference , Conservative , Innovation

1.Derivation of the topic

There is such a news in America: A kid came home the first day from kindergarten, his mother asked him the circle pattern on cookie box what it is, The boy said it was 'o'. He looked at her confidently because he just learned 26 letters in kindergarten. You guess what? The mother put the kindergarten to court. The reason is that the kindergarten killed the imagination of the boy. Before the boy went to

kindergarten, he could regard the circle pattern as the sun, cave, ballon...She demand the kindergarten to compensate.

It's absolutely unbelievable in China. The mother didn't prase the boy instead of making a lawsuit. The fact is that the kindergarten made a apology to the mother.

And there is another example:After a Chinese boy graduated from a free public high school got into Oxford University school of law，therefore the parents being very hanppy, The neighbors also tut praise around parents’ finally efforts were not in vain.And the son will be a lawyer in future with a salary of 150 000 pounds,and his parents will also fnjoy more. The neighbors put him as a vigorous to push their children’s samples.Meanwhile there is a foreign neighbor with a child of the same age. From primary school to high school spend tens of thousands of pounds a year on expensive private education. After graduating from high school, the young man had decided not to go to a college.And the following year the young man take a journey to the west Asia, east Asia, and the Himalayas, climb the snow mountain grass to eat a lot of bitter, finally to pick it back to life luckily. Then the young man notify the parents not going back home, he went to Africa, stay Angola as a international humanitarian teacher. He wrote to his parents' letter is often how he overcame various difficulties, with local indigenous communication and how to overcome with the material conditions of hard survival diary. The young man’s parents often hang on their son's letter to show to others. They think the young man doing the things he likes and become a happy person, it will not query even pay it with the golds. Two different countries of parents, they can't understand each other's idea ……

Western education without fixed pattern, not let the children from the real life to the inner world all-round free imagination, encourage the children to create from the start. But the Chinese education is to set up the model, at the begining children pursue "should be or should not be ".Thus, Chinese and western education advocates the value of direction is not consistent.

2. Analyzing the differences between the Chinese and western education system

Both Chinese traditional culture and western culture dominated by European culture are Inheriting the thousands of years, Chinese and western culture presents a huge difference. Different culture gave birth to the Chinese and western education thoughts. About the comparative study of Chinese and western education thoughts for our critically inherit traditional Chinese education in provides the basis, also to learn to absorb the essence of the western education philosophy provides the support, therefore have important theoretical meaning and practical meaning.

2.1 Educational purposes

The purpose of education is to train people，as a social practice. From the general trend, the main purpose of education is to make Chinese children, the younger generation to accept the norms of society, in order to adapt to society; But the aim of Western education is for children to get a good variety of capabilities inherent in the development.

From the basic starting point of education, China with "social standard theory" as a starting point. Emphasizes the harmonious development of society as a whole; West from "individuals based on" start. Emphasis on individual physical and mental harmony.

2.2 The status of teachers and students

Chinese teachers and students, one on one in the next, with the upper and lower natural hierarchy of the points. "Teachers as a father," is this ethical level "portrayal"; Western concept of education, regardless of the "lead" or "guide", are to respect the dominant position of students. Believe that students have a good potential for development as a precondition.

2.3 Content of education

The presence of school education, an important function is to effectively convey the experience of human knowledge. However, with the increasing amount of

knowledge and experience in the ruling class based on their own interests, knowledge of the trade-offs they have focused on the education side of things.

In the Chinese emphasis on education from a social need to operate in the long feudal society, the concept of education is narrowing as "enlightenment", the educational content is limited to the "Four Books", "Five Classics" and other Confucian classics. In contrast, Western education to individuals as a starting point. Where can increase the personal interests of the knowledge, skills, etc., have been taken into educational content. Comenius advocated "Pan intellectual education", after France's "Encyclopedia of school" and, later, scientific and technical revolution. Practical technical education was quickly recognized and accepted by the education system in Europe. All this shows a Western education more concerned about people's real life, and strive for the benefit of people's real-life characteristics.

2.4 The Methods of Education and Teaching

China's approach to education, emphasizing calling the shots, the body requires teachers to demonstrate, and always set a good example for the students; student then picked up the pace, mechanical imitation. Not have the slightest violation. The concept of education in Western educational methods there is no limit, which is also active in the Western classroom atmosphere, students and teachers get along relatively arbitrary reason. One teaching method the root causes of the differences is that the purpose of the educational side of things different orientations.

2.5 Main educational activities

Educators and educational activities during the educated are two fundamental human factor. As the Chinese concept of education for students in an attitude of distrust, do not believe that students have the conscious motivation to learn, teachers have to give full play to the leading role. The so-called "high-disciple strong teacher", "teaching lax teacher is lazy", etc., are reflected in the Chinese educational activities to focus on the entire education teachers. Western education is defined as the "lead." As Socrates 'midwifery', teachers just a "midwife", the subject of education, but the student side. In other words, China's education is often understood as he moved Phi social behavior, Western education were understood as automatic behavior. Affected

by the lack of Chinese students learning initiative. Accustomed to receiving not accustomed to thinking and skepticism. On the contrary. Western countries like the students to ask questions, teachers can encourage students to be brave enough to question authority.

2.6 Teaching effectiveness

"Conservative" and "innovation" is the task of every individual must face in real life. In contrast, the Chinese pay more attention to "Conservative", West is more focus on "innovation." China's emphasis on teaching methods is "calling the shots", mechanical imitation and more education that sense into a "training." Western education is relatively relaxed atmosphere, so that students get assertive personality and creativity to play.

2.7 Persistent transformation or innovation

Chinese agrarian society for thousands of years for the production people with temporal relationship is fixed and static. In such a social environment, it is easy to breed eternal consciousness, that the world is a long, static.

Chinese Culture "seeking for a long time", "refused to change" feature to suppress the people's independence and creativity. Reflected in education is through education and academic values of the world economic outlook used. Western education in dealing with the basic knowledge and education reform attitude showed great differences. China stressed the importance of education, especially basic knowledge. Emphasis on basic knowledge itself is not wrong, but the basics are not rigid, unchanging solidification. Rapid development and changes in the world disproportionate is our stagnant, dull breathtaking educational status quo. Over the years immutable curriculum, textbook content similar ...... which makes more than a decade makes China more than a conservative education and lack of innovation. Western culture encourages individual and unique, thoughtful, encouraging and promoting individual creativity and potential. Westerners fancy inventive, unconventional, like the novel and innovative and adventurous spirit, at any time Qijiutuxin. This hi change, change, fickle cultural psychology, so that Westerners

have a kind of independent scientific spirit of innovation, and constantly promote Western education reform, continue to move forward.

Summary :Sure. As two different education systems, there are differences between the two is natural and Western education. However. Specific educational practice are two different education systems inside, but the existence of diversity, and the development of education in different historical periods also show different characteristics. Generally speaking, the above-mentioned aspects of the East-West differences in education, after our great development based on modern industry and commerce, the rise of compulsory education brought great development. On the eastern and western education made a difference in the prevalence of cognitive reflection. Or is a logical deduction based on the original definition of education made on.

3.The calling of "China’s education system needs reform"

By comparison, we find huge differences of both concepts of education and Chinese education drawbacks. However, Western educational thought right and wrong can not simply say that they have their own characteristics, each with a short length, has a highly complementary in many ways. Therefore, we should stand on the position of self-transcendence, the other hand the drawbacks of traditional Chinese education and learn the essence of western education, changing ideas and concepts of education education, deepening educational reform, quickly adapt to new trends in the world of education, training more in line with the pillars of China's modernization needs.

Chinese education, Chinese parents are heart pain, the thorny problem of national policy. Chinese education reform is imperative. With regard to education, we have too much confusion. Because we are living in them, many of whom had experienced trouble. We probably had in mind to ask: In addition to existing models, there is no a new path to follow? China's education in the end appear?

An old saying: the orange Huainan, Huaibei becomes zareba to it. For the Chinese education reform direction, we can learn from good practices of other countries,

converted to apply to Chinese educational way, to find a suitable Chinese education reform path. Contrast countries philosophy of education, China's education reform and how to engage, it is worth people thinking about. Education reform pressure from tens of thousands of terms, how, who can really points to the correct path of China's education reform. Exploration, is the key. And when a real step towards the perfect education reform is shared by millions of people look forward to. Chinese education reform road, and the line and explore it.

References

[1]郑继海. 论中西教育思想交会[J]. 重庆三峡学院学报,2011,02:152-154.

[2]王绪琴. 钱穆的中西教育观比较[J]. 中国成人教育,2008,13:108-109.

[3]吴忠檀. 中西结合教育模式研究初探[D].辽宁师范大学,2005.

[4]Xiaohui Chen. Comparison on Police Education between Chinese and Britain[J]. Asian Social Science,2009,52:.

[5]Feng Jun. The development of Western philosophy in China and dialogue between Chinese, Western and Marxist philosophies[J]. Social Sciences in China,2009,303:. [6]Shi-sheng YANG,Yu-xian ZHANG. The Research of the Differences Between Chinese and Western Diet Cultures[J]. Cross-cultural Communication,2010,62:

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