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极低出生体重儿乳糜胸1例并文献复习

发育医学电子杂志2014年10月第2卷第4期J Development Med,Oct2014,Vol.2,No.4231

临床经验交流极低出生体重儿乳糜胸1例并文献复习

罗立倩 郭金珍 于西萍 李占魁(陕西省妇幼保健院 新生儿科,西安 710003)

【摘要】目的探讨新生儿乳糜胸的临床特点,诊疗方法,提高对本病的认识。方法整理分析本科

自开科以来收治的第一例新生儿乳糜胸的临床表现、实验室检查、影像学检查、诊疗过程等资料,

并进行相关文献学习。结果该患儿临床表现为呼吸急促、肤色发绀、心率增快,X线胸片及心脏B

超提示左侧胸腔积液,胸腔穿刺积液乳糜实验阳性,经呼吸机辅助通气、禁食、胸腔穿刺术后病情

好转,乳糜胸未再复发。结论新生儿乳糜胸若能及时发现,患儿可通过内科保守治疗治愈,预后

良好。

【关键词】乳糜胸;极低出生体重儿;婴儿,新生

Chylothorax of a ver y low birt h weight infant and literature review

LUO Li-qian,GUO Jin-zhen,YU Xi-ping,LI Zhan-kui(Department of Neonatology,Shaanxi Maternal and

Child Health Care Hospital,Xi'an710003,China)

【Abst ract】O bject ive This study w as aimed to explore the clinical characteristics and diagnosis

methods of new borns with chylothorax and raise aw areness of the disease.Method The clinical manifestations,

laboratory tests,imaging changes,and treatment process of the first case of neonatal chylothorax in our hospital

were collected and analyzed.Result The clinical manifestations were tachypnea,cyanosis and high heart

rate.The chest X‐ray and echocardiography showed a left pleural effusion.The chyle test w as positive.

By treatment of mechanical ventilation,fasting,and thoracocentesis,the baby got better and the chylothorax

did not relapse.Conclusion The majority of cases w ith neonatal chylothorax can be cured w ith medical

conservative treatments and have g ood prognosis ifthey get early diagnosis and treatment timely and effectively.

【Key words】Chylothorax;Low birth w eight infant;Newborn

新生儿乳糜胸(neonatal chylo tho rax)是新生儿呼吸窘迫鉴别诊断中极少见的疾病,但却是新生儿期胸腔积液致呼吸窘迫最常见的原因[1]。为提高对本病的认识,现将本科自开科以来发现的第1例乳糜胸临床资料整理分析报道如下。

临床资料

患儿男,因“胎龄28+5周,出生体重1360g,生后呻吟31分钟”于2014年1月3日入院。G3P2,系促排卵受孕,因双胎、子痫前期(重度)、母产前发热而剖宫产,Apgar评分1分钟8分,5分钟9分,10分钟9分。新生儿生后渐出现呻吟,伴面色青紫、吐沫。另一胎出生体重980g,生后第2天放弃治疗自动出院。入院查体:体温36.4℃,心率135次/分,呼吸50次/分,体重1360g,身长36cm,头围28cm,早产儿貌,发育差,呻吟,前囟平软,鼻翼轻煽动,双肺呼吸音低,心律齐,心音有力,未闻及杂音。腹软,肝脾不大,肠鸣音可闻及。肌张力低。入院急诊胸片提示呼吸窘迫综合征改变,予nCPAP辅助通气,气管内滴入肺表面活性物质240mg,哌拉西林他唑巴坦预防感染等支持治疗。入院第2天开始低渗奶喂养,并

通讯作者:李占魁(Email:lzk5808@https://www.wendangku.net/doc/dc4071589.html,)

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