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计算机专业英语复习

Chapter 1

1.Raw, unprocessed facts, including text, numbers, images, and sounds.

a.data

2.Perform specific tasks related to managing computer resources.

h. utilities

3.Type of application programs that are more narrowly focused on specific

disciplines and occupations.

f. specialized

4.Also known as servers. b. midrange computers

5.The most widely used handheld computers are smartphones and ___.

d. PDAs

6.Type of memory that is sometimes referred to as temporary storage

because its contents will typically be lost if the electrical power to the computer is disrupted. e. RAM

7.The most important kinds of secondary media are hard disks, solid-state

storage, and ___. c. optical disks

8.The type of solid-state drive widely used for transporting data and

information between computers and a variety of specialty devices.

g. USB

9.Type of file created by electronic spreadsheets to analyze things like

budgets and to predict sales.

i. worksheet

10.Provides a multimedia interface to the numerous resources available on

the Internet.

j. Web

Book

1. Consists of the step-by-step instructions that tell the computer how to do its work.

f. program

2. Another name for a program.

g. software

3. Enables the application software to interact with the computer hardware.

i. system software

4. Type of computer that is small enough to fit on top of or alongside a desk yet is too big to carry around.

a. desktop

5. A container that houses most of the electronic components that make up a computer system.

j. system unit

6. Devices that translate the processed information from the computer into a form that humans can understand.

d. output

7. Unlike hard disks, this type of storage does not have any moving parts, is more reliable, and requires less power.

h. solid-state

8. The most widely used communication device.

b. modem

9. A type of a file that might contain, for example, audience handouts, speaker notes, and electronic slides.

e. presentation

10. A communications system connecting two or more computers.

c. network

Multiple Choice

1. The rules or guidelines for people to follow when using software are called:

Procedures programs

Rulesutilities

2. The part of almost all of today’s computer systems that uses the Internet and allows users to greatly expand the capability and usefulness of their information systems.

Connectivity hardware

USBWeb

3. Specialized programs that are designed to allow particular input or output devices to communicate with the rest of the computer system are known as:

basic programs device drivers

hi defstablets

4. The least powerful, yet the most widely used and fastest-growing type of computer is the: Mainframe microcomputer

Midrangesupercomputer

5. The newest type of computer that is smaller and lighter than a notebook and typically does not have a keyboard but uses a touch sensitive screen for input.

Netbooknotebook

Tablet server

6. Devices of this type translate data and programs that humans can understand into a form that the computer can process.

Input output

solid statetablet

7. The type of secondary storage device that uses rigid metallic platters to store programs and very large data files.

hard disk optical disk

solid stateWeb

8. Three types of optical discs are CDs, DVDs, and:

Flash hi def

MagneticRAM

9. The revolution that will dramatically affect the way we communicate and use computer technology.

Wireless tablet PC

USBWeb

10. Type of computing that uses the Internet and the Web to shift many computer activities from

a us er’s computer to computers on the Internet.

Cloud browser

InternetWeb

Book

1. The keyboard, mouse, monitor, and system unit are:

Hardware output devices

storage devicessoftware

2. Programs that coordinate computer resources, provide an interface, and run applications are known as:

application programs

operatingsystems

storage systems

utility programs

3. A browser is an example of a:

general purpose application

specialized program

system application

utility program

4. Although not as powerful as a supercomputer, this type of computer is capable of great processing speeds and data storage.

Mainframe midrange

Notebook tablet

5. The smallest type of microcomputer:

handheld

notebook

midrange

tablet

6. RAM is a type of:

Computer memory

Networksecondary storage

7. Unlike memory, this type of storage holds data and programs even after electrical power to the computer system has been turned off.

primary

RAM

ROM

secondary

8. The type of file created by word processors to save, for example, memos, term papers, and letters.

database

document

presentation

worksheet

9. Uses the Internet and the Web to shift many computer activities from a user’s computer to computers on the Internet.

cloud computing

high definition

network

USB

10. The largest network in the world is [the]:

Facbeook

Internet

Web

USB

Chapter 2

Matching

1. This project launched the Internet.

a. ARPANET

2. Programs that provide access to Web resources.

b. browsers

3. The browser interprets the HTML instructions and displays___.

i. Web pages

4. Web based e-mail accounts do not require an e-mail program to be installed on your ___.

e. computer

5. The billions of unwanted and unsolicited e-mail.

h. spam

6. Photos, lists of personal interests, contact information, and other personal information displayed on Facebook.

g. profiles

7. Web site designed to allow visitors to fill in missing information or correct inaccuracies.

j. wiki

8. Evaluate the accuracy of information on the Web by considering authority, accuracy, objectivity and _____.

f. currency

9. Clients, the Internet, and service providers are basic components of this type of computing.

d. cloud

10. Type of electronic commerce that involves the sale of a product or service from one business to another.

c. B2B

Book

1. The most popular Internet activity.

a. communicating

2. The most common way to access the Internet is through a(n).

e. ISP

3. Transmission of electronic messages over the Internet.

c. e-mail

4. Type of instant messaging service that supports a variety of different IM services.

i. universal

5. The premier business-oriented social networking site.

f. LinkedIn

6. Another name for a blog.

j. Web log

7. Publishes short sentences that only take a few seconds to write.

g. microblog

8. Maintain huge databases relating to information provided on the Web and the Internet.

h. search services

9. Electronic commerce involving individuals selling to individuals.

b. C2C

10. The basic components of cloud computing are clients, service providers, and the___.

d. Internet

Multiple Choice

1. The Web was introduced in 1991 in Switzerland at the:

APIX CERN

InternetSpider

2. These programs use a URL to connect to Web sites.

Browsers spam

Protocolsutilities

3. A type of communication that allows two or more people to contact each other via direct, live communication.

e-mail

social networking

Webmail

4. The most widely used social networking site:

CERN

Twitter

Facebook

5. To evaluate the accuracy of information you find on the Web, you should consider the sites’ authority, accuracy, objectivity, and:

currency

objectivity

source

location

6. The type of electronic commerce in which a business sells a product to the general public.

B2B

B2C

C2C

P2B

7. This type of computing frees users from owning, maintaining, and storing software and data: network

cloud

desktop

Web

8. These programs are automatically started and operate as a part of your browser.

filters

FTP

plug-ins

spiders

9. FTP, Web-based, and BitTorrent are types of:

file transfer

protocols

spam blockers

wikis

10. This type of suite can be used to maintain your security and privacy while you are on the Web:

browser security

filter

plug-in

Internet security

Book

1. The network that connects computers all over the world.

CERN

Internet

LAN

Web

2. The rules for exchanging data between computers.

DSL

protocols

Web

WWW

3. Client-based e-mail accounts require this special program to be installed on your computer.

e-mail client

hyperlink

Java

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计算机专业毕业设计论文(C++)外文文献中英文翻译(Object)[1]

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4. ________navigation 5. ________TDM 6. ________viewer 7. ________multimedia 8. ________virtual circuit 9. ________DBMS 10. _______binding a. The authoritative act of documenting compliance with agreed requirements. b. The process of restoring encrypted information to readability. c. A technique used so that transmission can continue on an alternative path in the event of a node failure or congestion. d. A form of space-division switching in which each input line is a TDM stream. The switch configuration may change for each time slot. e. The division of a transmission facility into multiple channels by allotting the facility to different channels, one at a time. f. A method of transmitting messages through a communications network, in which long messages are subdivided into short packets. Each packet is passed from source to destination through intermediate nodes. At each node, the entire message is received, stored briefly, and then passed on to the next node. g. A facility in which the customer leases circuits and, sometimes, switching capacity for the customer ‘s exclusive use. Access may be provided to a public switched telecommunications service. h. A class that serves as the basis for inheritance. A base class is the superclass for all its derived classes. i. The match between a message received by an object and one of its methods. Can be done static, that is, at compile-time, or dynamic, that is, at run-time. j. a request to perform a method for an object. A message results in the invocation of the method. The message contains a selector that identifies the method and any parameters from the method. k. A collection of one or more files treated as a whole unit. l. Software that organizes, manipulates, and retrieves data stored in a database. m. A specialized version of a program that allows you to view documents created

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习题+答案 2.1 Write T or F to each stateme nt T6. An asynchronous device is a clocked device. T7. A latch is an asynchronous device, because it functions at arbitrary times. T8. The repetiti on of clock pulse can vary from very low rate to very high rate. T9. A synchronous device changes its state only on the arrival of a clock pulse. F10. A clock in put may occur at any time. T11. The clock pulses are used to synchronize all operations of the shift register. T13. A uni direct ional shift register is capable of shift ing in one direct ion only. F14. I n a shift-left register the serial in put determ ines what goes into the leftmost position during the shift register. F15. To provide parallel tran sfer capability some additi onal in put and output lines should be provided to the shift register. Choose the best an swer for each of the follow ing 1. How can the output of a logic gate be en ergized? C A By cha nging its in puts. B By rema ining its in puts un cha nged. C By meet ing the specific in put con diti on. D By givi ng a pulse. 3. A NAND gate con sists of D . A an OR gate followed by an in verter B an AND gate followed by an in verter C an AN D gate followed by an OR gate D an in verter followed by an AND gate 4. Un der what con diti on is the output of a two-i nput XOR gate logic-high? B A Its in puts are simulta neously at the same logic level. B Its in puts are simulta neously at opposite logic levels. C Its in puts are logic-low. D its in puts are simulta neously logic-high. 2.2 Write T or F for each stateme nt T 1. The CPU uses the in put and output un its to com muni cate with the outside world. F2. Main memory is sometimes called exter nal memory. F3. After execution the program and the related files of data and files of information will be retained in the main memory for later use. F4. Personal computers have not the features of the larger system.. T5. Large systems offer higher process ing speeds for user and retur n more data tha n PCs.

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