高教版公共英语3级精讲班讲义12

公共英语3级精讲班第12讲讲义

Dialogue

Dialogue1：

Fang Hua is a tourist guide of Beijing Travel Agency. She is now talking with Jason, a British tourist who comes to Beijing for the first time, about where to shop in Beijing.

1.Wangfujing is situate d north of Chang’an boulevard East, and has been around

for over a century as a well-known shopping street.

王府井坐落于长安东大街的北部，成为著名的商业中心已经一个世纪了。

be situated坐落于

The village is situated in a valley.

Where will the school be situated?

2.I’ve been hunting for some small commodities like Chinese folk arts and crafts. 我一直想买一些中国民间艺术品和手工艺品等小商品。

3.You’d better go to Liulichang Cultural Street, where oceans of souvenirs are for

sale in stores. You will be happy to find traditional Chinese calligraphy and

painting, folk arts and crafts and second-hand books and periodicals.

你最好去琉璃场文化市场，这儿有很多的纪念品商店。你会很高兴的找到中国书法和国画、民间艺术品和手工艺品、还有旧书和旧期刊。

4.I live now in the diplomatic mission zone.

我现在住在使馆区。

diplomatic mission zone 使馆区

Dialogue 2

Zheng Dong is talking with his classmate Mary, who came to Guangzhou weeks ago, about some famous stores in Guangzhou.

1. Would you like to make some purchase?

你想卖点什么东西吗？

make some purchase

2. It has a shopping area of 5,000 square meters, selling 80,000 varieties of goods.

那儿有五万平方米的购物空间，出售八万多种商品。

1) a variety of 许多

He left for a variety of reasons.

2) variety of同类中的分类事物，种类

collect rare variety of stamps

3. Besides, it carries out a modern management system and operates with flexibility to suit the market.

另外，它有现代化的管理系统，能够灵活的适应市场的需求。

4. So it’s the only department store in Guangdong that has won the title of “Advanced Company” at the national level and many awards at the provincial and municipal level for its service and sales volume.

它是广东唯一一家赢得国家先进称号的公司，并因为服务和销售量获得省市的多项嘉奖。

1) at the national level 国家标准的

2) at the provincial level 省级标准的

3) at the municipal level 市级标准的

5. It serves as a bridge for southern goods to enter northern markets and vise versa. 它成为南方商品进入北方市场，北方商品进入南方市场的桥梁。

vice versa 反之亦然，反过来情况也一样

We gossip about them and vice versa, ie they gossip about us.

Dialogue 3

Jack is asking Joan for some advice about shopping.

Background knowledge:

Answering machine, CD-player, disk-holder, cassette, transparencies, eraser Language point:

1.I still think the CD-player I bought from them was a rip off.

我仍然认为我从他们那儿买的CD机要价过高。

rip off n.欺诈、偷窃、索价过高

80 P for a cup of coffee? What a rip-off !

2.I’ll admit some of their items are high-priced, but at least the shopper’s

guaranteed quality.

我承认许多商品要价过高，但是至少商店可以保证质量。

3.But no doubt small shops often do overcharge.

许多小商店要价过高并不奇怪。

no doubt: very probably 无疑的，很可能的

No doubt he means to help, but in fact he just gets in the way.

4.And time-consuming, too.

也浪费时间。

time-consuming浪费时间

Monologue:

Lisa, a shopping consultant, is holding a lecture on how to buy baby clothes.

1.One of the greatest joys of having a baby is to clothe and pamper them endlessly. 有孩子的最大的乐趣就是没完没了的打扮他宠爱他。

2.Most mother dream about the flowery pink frocks, smart and cute pants for their

babies long before they make their debut on earth.

大多数的妈妈在孩子出生之前都梦想着给孩子的满是鲜花的粉红色上衣与帅气的长裤。

1)long before 在---之前

2)make their debut on earth出生

debut 演员首次登台演出

He marked his debut by beating the champion.

She’s making her New York debut at the Hall.

3.This fancy of most parents does not come without a cost attached to it.

父母的想象不可能不和费用联系起来。

4.You need to sweat it out, and needless to add, loads of cash, patience and lots

more to ensure a healthy baby.

你需要坚持到底，不需要没完没了的增加花费，耐心来确保一个健康的宝宝。

1）sweat out坚持到底

2）loads of许多，大量

loads of friends/time/money

5.But that should be no constraint to having a great time raising your baby because

you’ll always find a few innovative ways to ease those hard to get finances of

yours.

但是因为你想找到一些创新的方式来节省费用，你养孩子就必须要花费很多的时间。

1) no constraint to do sth 做某事没有限制

There are no constraints to choose the subject for the essay.

no constraint on sth

There are no constraints on the choice of subject for the essay.

2) find a few innovative ways to do sth 找到创新的方式做某事

6.And to maneuver your way smartly around costly baby clothes so as to get the

best looking baby clothes at reasonable prices, all you need to do is a little bit of hunting for them.

在购买婴儿服装的时候聪明地控制你的花费，以合理的价格购买到最好看的婴儿服装，你需要做的是仔细找寻合适的服装。

7.It is solely due to the enthusiasm of those parents who love to dress their babies in

the best available baby clothes that they push the top designers to focus their

products towards the ever younger target markets.

是因为这些喜欢打扮孩子的父母亲的热情使这些顶级设计师把产品集中于这个永远

年轻的市场上。

1) It is--- that --- 强调句

2) due to/owing to因为

He was late owing to/due to the very heavy traffic.

Due to/ Owing to the heavy traffic, he was late.

Passage:

1.Beads are available as a single bead or s part of a jewelry item.

珠子可以单颗的购买，也可以作为珠宝的一部分购买。

2.The stores will purchase a large amount of each type and size of bead at a lower

price from wholesale and then pass on part of the savings to the customer.

商店可以以低价批发大量购买同一种型号的同一尺寸的珠子，再卖给顾客，这样可以替顾客省钱。

3.These items may be fashionable, off purchases or of unusual requirements.

这些产品可能非常时尚、外面买不到，或者可以满足人们特殊需要。

4.Specific outlets may be more expensive because of the brand names that are

usually attached.

专卖店可能因为产品的牌子价格可能很高。

1）specific outlet专卖店

2）be attached 与--- 相关的

Exercises:

Exercises:

Use of English

2. opportunities机会, occasions时机, gatherings聚在一起, circumstances环境

5. survey调查, document文件, test考试, campaign战役，运动

7. incredible不可相信的, critical关键的, stable稳定的, reliable可依赖的

10. executive经理，行政人员, engineer工程师, secretary秘书, designer设计师

13. changing改变, turning转变, swerving转弯, shifting改变

14. desirous希望的，渴望的, impressive印象深刻的, ambitious有野心的, aggressive攻击性强的

定语从句

定语从句

1．由who, whom, whose引导的定语从句。这类定语从句中who用作主语，whom 作宾语，whose作定语。

This is the man who helped me.

The doctor (whom) you are looking for is in the room.

Do you know the man whose name is Wang Yu?

在定语从句中，若先行词指人，其关系代词可用who, whom, 也可用that。

The girl who/that is speaking at the meeting is our monitor.

The boy (who/whom/that) you saw just now is my brother.

在下列情况下多用或须用who

①关系代词在从句中作主语时，多用who.

Do you know the man who spoke just now?

The doctor who treated me was very experienced.

②先行词为all, anyone, one, ones等时，多用who。

All who heard the news were excited.

Anyone who breaks the rule will be punished.

③先行词为those和people时多用who。

Those who want to go please sign their names here.

People who can see sometimes act just as foolishly.

④在非限制性定语从句中作主语须用who，作宾语须用whom。

Tom’s father, who is over sixty, still works hard.

Mr Green, whom you saw in the library yesterday, will teach us physics next term.

⑤在被分割的定语从句中须用who.

A new teacher will come tomorrow who will teach you German.

⑥在以there be开头的句子中多用who.

There is a stranger who wants to see our headmaster.

⑦一个句子中带有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词是that，另一个须用who。The student who was praised at the meeting is the monitor that is modest and studies very hard.

Whose引导的定语从句应注意以下几点：

①whose引导定语从句，其后应紧跟名词，构成名词短语。

That’s the child whose father is an engineer.

②whose引导定语从句，其先行词不仅可以指人，还可以指物。

Mr King, whose legs were badly hurt, was quickly hurt, was quickly taken to hospital.

It wa s a meeting whose importance I didn’t realize at the time.

I saw a tree whose leaves were black with disease.

③whose在定语从句中与它所修饰的名词一起可作介词的宾语，可以与介词放在先行词与从句之间。

The boss in whose department Mr King worked had heard about the accident.

Tom, on whose bike I went to school is a friend of mine.

④whose的先行词指物时, 可用of which代替, 但词序不同，即whose+名词=the +名

词+of which

The novel whose title ( the title of which) is Red and Black is very interesting.

He lives in the room whose window ( the window of which) faces south.

2 which引导的定语从句

which在从句中作主语或谓语动词或介词的宾语。

This is the book which you want.

The building which stands near the river is our school.

The room in which there is a machine is a workshop.

注意：whom, which作介词宾语时，介词一般可放在之前，也可放在从句原来的位置上。介词放于前面时，作宾语的关系到代词不能省略。在含有介词的动词固定词组中，介词只能放在原来的位置上。

There was no single person the street to whom she could turn for help.

This is the person whom you are looking for.

3．由that引导的定语从句

that在定语从句中可以指人或物，在从句中作主语或谓语动词的宾语。但不能放在介词后面作宾语。

The letter (that) I received was from my father.

注意：在下面几种情况下必须用that 引导定语从句：

①先行词是不定代词all, few, little, much, something, nothing, anything等。

All (that) we have to do is to practice every day.

②先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级修饰。

The first lesson (that) I learned will never be forgotten.

③先行词被all, any, every, few, little, no, some 等修饰。

I have read all the books (that) you gave me.

④先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last, just修饰时。

He is the only person ( that) I want to talk to.

⑤先行词既有人又有物时。

They talked of things and persons (that) they remembered in the school.

⑥当主语是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时，定语从句须用that，以免与先行词重复。

Who is the boy that was here just now?

Which of us that knows something about physics does not know this?

⑦当先行词在定语从句中作表语时。

The village is no longer the one that it used to be.

4.as引导的定语从句

as 用作关系代词和关系副词引导定语从句，构成, the same …as…, such…as…, so…as…等结构。

I like the same book as you have.

I shall do it again in the same way as you did.

I want to have such a dictionary as he has.

注意：此处要注意定语从句和状语从句的区别。试比较：

Mr Chen gave us such a difficult question as nobody worked out.

Mr Chen gave us such a difficult question that nobody worked it out.

注意：①关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数必须和先行词保持一致。

Those who are against the plan please sign your names here.

Anyone who breaks the law is to be punished.

Tom is one of the students who were praised by the teacher yesterday.

Tom is the one of the students who was praised by the teacher yesterday.

②关系代词whom, which, that在限定性定语从句中作动词宾语或介词宾语，而该介词又位于从句末尾时，经常省略，但as一般不省略。

同位语从句与定语从句的区别：

①从意义上：同位语从句对名词作补充说明或进行解释，而定语从句进行修饰，限定，相当于一个形容词的作用。

②从结构上：同位语从句由连接代词/副词引导，最常用的连接词一般不省略，也不在从句中担任成分，而定语从句由关系代词/副词引导，在定语从句中作主语不能省略作宾语可省略。

③从涵义上：同位语从句与所说明解释的名词无逻辑关系，而定语从句所修饰的名词是该从句逻辑上的主、宾、表、定、状语等。例如：

The news that our team lost the game disappointed all of us.

The news that you told me yesterday is so disappointing.

④同位语从句对说明解释的名词有所限制，大多是一些表示抽象概念的名词，而定语从句所修饰限定的先行词无限制，即可指人，又可指物。

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