动名词及现在分词专项练习
动名词及现在分词专项练习
Gerunds （动名词）
1.People call that___ two birds with one stone.
A. kill
B. killed
C. killing
A. for reading
B. on reading
C. reading
3. We never listen to Beethoven without ____.
A. being deeply impressed
C. having deeply impressed
4. ____ no persuading him to buy the car.
A. There was
B. It was
C. Here was
5. Don’t forget ____to me . Let’s keep in touch.
A. to write
B. writing
6. Unless you both stop ____, I will call in the police.
A. fighting
B. to fight
7. On ____our village , we asked him for chocolate.
A. him to reach
B. his to reach
8. An old friend of mine came near ____by the train.
A. to kill
B. killing
C. being killed
9. His room needs____, so he must have it____.
A. painting；painted
B. painted；painting
C. painting；painting
D. painted；painted
A. being asked
B. asking
C. of asking
A. saying
B. being said
C. to say
12.She is very busy ____for a journey.
A. to prepare
B. preparing
C. to be preparing
D. being prepared
13. He went ____in the river nearby.
A. to fish
B. fishing
C. to fishing
D. for fish
14.____one’s work properly may be worse than not doing it at all.
A. Not do
B. Do
C. Not doing
D. Doing 15.She didn’t seem to mind ____TV while she was trying to study.
A. their watching
B. them to watch
C. their watch
D. for them to watch
16. The bus was so crowded that he had a hard time____.
A. got off
B. getting off
C. too get off
D. get off
17. We had trouble ____the path through the forest.
A. to find
B. for finding
C. finding
D. with finding
C. and understand
D. in understanding
D. cutting
C. cheat
D. cheated
D. entering
D. to having met
D. to return
C. not to see
D. seeing not
’t you?
D. having asked
C. to rest
D. rest
--- What did he want ____to this machine?
A. doing
B. to do
C. to be done
D. being
29. I know you had many ideas, but you need not trouble ____them.
A. remember
B. remembering
C. remembered
D. to remember
30. Having learned _____skillfully, she went on learning ____.
A. to skate; swimming
B. skating; swimming
C. to skate; too swim
D. skating; to swim
Participles （现在分词）
1.The secretary worked late into the night, ______a long speech for the president.
A. to prepare
B. preparing
C. prepare
D. was preparing
2. The police caught him _____a car.
A. to steal
B. stealing
C. stolen
D. to be stolen
3. There are the facts _____by the school
A. to gather
B. gathering
4. They got their car____ at the garage.
A. to wash
B. washing
5. I had my suit ____ yesterday.
A. to press
B. pressing
C. press
6. She kept her eyes_____ all the time.
A. to close
B. closing
C. close
7. Can Mary make herself_____ in English?
A. understood
B. understand
8. The dog, _____, will make a good watch dog.
A. to train properly
B. training properly
9.I started the clock_____.
A. to go
B. going
C. gone
A. admitted
B. to admit
11.The teacher came in with many students_____.
A. following
B. to follow
12.--- How was the concert last night ?
--- It was____.
A. disappointing
B. disappointed
13. The room is crowded , but there are____.
A. a few seats to leave
B. few seats left
14. The President was sitting on the chair____ by his supporters.
A. surrounding
B. to surround
C. surrounded
D. to be surrounded
15.The concert conducted by Karajan proved very _____.
A. exciting
B. excited
C. to excite
D. being excited
16. ____ all things into consideration , his life is a happy one.
A. Taking
B. having taken
C. Take
D. To take 17.Anna was reading a piece of science fiction, _____ completely to the outside world.
A. being lost
B. having lost
C. losing
D. lost
18. The name Nebraska comes from the Indian word “nebrathka”, _____ flat water.”
A. to mean
B. meaning
C. it means
D. by meaning
19 ____ his answer, she sent a second letter. A. Receiving not
B. Not to receive
C. Not being received
D. Not having received
C. permitted
D. having permitted
D. to have seen
D. to have sent
D. stole
but never lived to see any of my works _______in
D. being exhibited
s lecture?
D. Honestly
D. as he did
D. Being that he was a good swimmer
A. give
B. gives
C. to be given
D. giving
30. Eva, _____ born in Canada, lived and practiced law in America.
A. was
B. he was
C. although
D. who he was
Gerund
Keys:
1----5 CCAAA 6----10 ADCAA 11----15 ABBCA
16---20 BCDDA 21---25 CAADB 26----30 CCBDD Participles
Keys:
1----5 BBCDD 6----10 DADBC 11----15 AACCA 16----20 DDBDA 21---25 BCBCB 26----30 DAADC
现在分词讲解及训练
现在分词 Form: ?doing ?having done（先后关系） 现在分词表示主动含义或动作正在进行。 Exercise: 划出句中的现在分词，并指出它在句中做何成分。 1. The three contestants were sitting at their desks on the stage, waiting. 2. Hearing the news, he jumped with joy. 3. Having finished his homework, he went out. 4. People living in the cities used to regard farming as boring and backward. 5. The changes in Sunqiao is very amazing. 现在分词做定语： Exercise: Combine each pair of sentences 1. The men are required to come to the headmaster’s office. They had some overseas working experience. 2. The people take part in a variety of exercise They can keep healthy. 3. The research at Sunqiao produces seeds. The seeds help farmers grow better crops. 4. People used to regard farming as boring and backward. These people live in cities. 5.Do you know the boy? He is standing under the tree. 6. The spiders store the mice for later. The mice serve as a source of food. Exercise: compare The swimming pool is clean and big. The swimming boy is his brother. The big writing desk is very expensive. The writing student is Tom’s classmate. 现在分词作状语：时间，条件，伴随方式，原因，结果 Exercise: rewrite the sentences 1. Kitty heard the news. She jumped with joy. 2. Tom put on his swim-suit. He dived into the swimming pool. 3. While she was cooking, she burned her right hand. 4. After he had finished his homework, he went out to play football. 以上改写后的三个句子中的现在分词短语做______状语。 现在分词作状语：相当于状语从句，但从句和主句的____语必须一致. 时间状语： 1. Working in the factory, he learned a lot from the workers.(分词一般式） 2. Having read the letter, she got very excited（完成式） 3. ________hearing the news, they all jumped with joy. 4. = as soon as _________________________________________. 5. Be careful when crossing the street. 条件状语： 1.If you walk hard, you will succeed. 2. = _______________________________ 伴随方式状语 1. She came _______(run) towards me. 2. The children ran out of the room, __________(laugh) and _______(talk) merrily. 3. ____________(travel) by jeep, we visited a number of cities. 4. ____________(follow) the guide, they started to climb. 5. _____________(follow) by the students, the teacher entered the office. 原因状语 1. Because I was sick, I stayed at home.
何时用不定式何时用分词和动名词
何时用不定式何时用分词和动名词 Ⅰ.动名词和不定式做主语的相同点 1.不定式短语和动名词做主语时，常常为了保持句子的平衡，用it来做形式主语，如： It is not easy to learn English well. It is no use asking him for help. 2.如果主语用了不定式,表语和宾语也要用不定式;主语用了动名词,表语和宾语也要用动名词,这在英语中称为对称性,如: To see is to believe. = Seeing is believing. (眼见为实) (85)It is better to stay home than _A__ out. A. to go B. going C. go D. gone Ⅱ.动名词和不定式做主语的不同点 1.不定式做主语常表示具体的某一动作;表示泛指或一般的抽象的概念时,多用动名词,如: (92)_B_ is a good form of exercise for both young and old. A. The walk B. Walking C. To walk D. Walk 2.在”There/It +be+ no use(good/help/need)”之后常用动名词做主语,而少用不定式,如: It /There is no use crying over the split milk. It /There is no help taking this medicine. ★但是如果该句型中用了for引出不定式的逻辑主语,就只能用不定式,如: (93) There is no good for us to do that exercise. 3.不定式可以和when, where, how, what, whether等连用,在句子中做主语,宾语和表语,而动名词则不能,如: How to solve the problem is a hot potato. Where to put the box seems hard to decide. Whether to do it hasn’t been decided. What to do next is up to you. 时态、语态及其基本用法 A. 不定式 1．不定式的时态、语态有三种形式：①一般式，如，to write / to be written ;②进行式，如，to be writing / to have been writing;③完成式，如，to have written / to have been written 。 2．基本用法 ①不定式的一般式，表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生，有时也发生在谓语动词表示的动作之后。如： He seems to know this.(=It seems that he knows this.) I hope to see you again.(=I hope that I’ll see you again.) He doesn’t like to be laughed at. (=He doesn’t like that he is being laughed at.) ②不定式的进行式，表示不定式的动作正在进行，与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。如： When the mother went into the room, the boy pretended to be sleeping. (=… , the boy pretended that he was sleeping .) I heard the English song being sung by him. (=I heard that the English song was being sung by him.) ③．不定式的完成式，表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。如： I am sorry to have kept you waiting so long. (= I am sorry that I kept you waiting so long. ) Having been well written, the book was translated into many languages. (=Because it had been well written, …) B. 分词 1.只有现在分词才有时态和语态形式的变化。现在分词的时态、语态有两种形式：①一般式，如，doing / being done;
现在分词和动名词的区别
动名词和现在分词的区别 如果你只想知道动名词和现在分词如何区分的话我给你一个例子sleeping baby reading room 这 里sleeping是现在分词，因为sleeping=baby is sleeping,sleeping显然是个分词；而reading room 不等同于room is reading,所以reading是动名词 动名词在形式上，和现在分词相同，然而现在分词具有形容词或副词的特点； 而动名词具有名词的特点。因此在句子中可用作主语、表语、宾语或介词的宾语。例如：Working with you is a pleasure. 和你一起工作是一种乐趣。（主语） Seeing is believing.眼见为实。（主语） Another goal was ending the chaos in the country. 另一个目标是结束国家的混乱状态。（表语） What he got in his mind was walking all the way to town.他心中的想的办法是一路步行进城。（表语） My job is teaching.我的工作是教学。（表语） To keep money that you have found is stealing.私藏拾到的钱等于偷窃。（表语） Her shoes wants mending. 她的鞋该修理了。（宾语） I have finished writing this book.我已经写完这本书了。(宾语) She left without saying good-bye to us.她没有向我们告别就走了。（介词宾语） My brother is fond of skating. 我弟弟喜欢滑冰。（介词宾语） Thank you for giving me some help. 谢谢你给我些帮助。(介词宾语) 由于动名词是动词的一种形式，因此动名词也具有动词的一些特征。动名词可以带直接宾语；可以被副词修饰。例如： My hobby is collecting stamps. 我的爱好是集邮。(stamps是动名词collecting的宾语) Meeting you has been a great pleasure.见到你是件很快乐的事。（you是动名词meeting的宾语）I like driving fast. 我喜欢开快车。（副词fast修饰动名词driving） 动名词还有几种形式： 主动形式
(完整word版)英语8种时态讲解及练习
英语时态八种基本时态讲解及练习 一．概念：英语中表示不同时间发生的动作或存在的状态，需用不同的动词形式表示，这种不同的动词形式称为时态。 二．种类：（基本时态） 一般现在时一般过去时 现在进行时过去进行时 一般将来时过去将来时 现在完成时过去完成时 三．用法： 1）一般现在时表示经常发生或习惯性的动作或状态及客观现实和普遍真理。 一般现在时常以动词原形表示，但当主语是第三人称单数时，动词词尾加-s或-es。2）句型结构：主语＋Ｖ.（包括be动词）＋宾语＋… She is an engineer. He has breakfast at 6:00every day. 3）注意： a)一般现在时通常与always , often , usually , every day , sometimes , once a week等时间状 语连用。 I always watch TV at 8: 00 in the evening . They go home once a week . We usually do our homework at home . b)表客观现实或普遍真理。 The sun always rises in the east . The light travels faster than the sound . c)表永远性的动作或状态。 He lives in the country .
4）第三人称单数变化形式。 a)一般情况动词在词尾加-s . come---comes speak---speaks work---works live---lives b)以o, s, x, ch, sh结尾的单词在词后加-es. do---does go---goes finish---finishes brush---brushes fix---fixes pass---passes watch---watches c)以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的单词变y为i加-es. Study---studies carry-carries cry---cries d)以“元音字母＋y”结尾的单词直接加-s. play---plays stay---stays 例句：我们每天晚上九点做作业。 我在早上七点半起床。 他每天七点去上班。 我们经常下午打篮球。 他喜欢音乐。 地球围绕太阳转。 火车六点出发。 5）否定句和疑问句。 a)-----He is an engineer. -----He isn’t an engineer. -----Is he an engineer? -----Yes, he is ./ No, he isn’t. b)----We get up at 7:30 in the morning . -----We don’t get up at 7:30 in the morning . -----Do you get up at 7:30 in the morning ?
非谓语动词之现在分词和动名词
非谓语动词之现在分词和动名词 今天我们来学习另外两种非谓语动词形式—现在分词和动名词。 现在分词和动名词的形式是一样的，都是doing，但它们的含义和用法存在很大差别，即便都可以做表语、定语，其含义也是大不相同的。 希望同学们通过今天的学习，能够真正领悟它们的用法和区别。 一.现在分词（The Present Participle）: doing 1、现在分词由动词加“ing”构成，表示主动或正在进行，主要起形容词、副词和动词的作用，可在句中作表语、定语、状语、宾补等成份。 （1）作表语。（与主语存在主动的逻辑关系） The news is exciting. 这个消息令人兴奋。
The result is amazing. 这个结果令人惊异。 （2）作定语。（与被修饰词之间存在主动的逻辑关系） Do you know the young man standing under the tree? 你认识站在树下的年轻人吗？ The woman wearing a red coat is my aunt. 穿红外套的女人是我的阿姨。 （3）作状语。（与句子主语存在主动逻辑关系，并且与谓语动作同时发生） Passing by the house, he saw a girl playing the piano .（时间状语） 经过这所房子的时候，他看到一个女孩正在弹钢琴。
A lot of land has gone with the trees, leaving only sand.(结果状语) 大量的土地已经与树木一起消失了，只留下了沙子。 They wake up their parents , calling “Merry Christmas”（伴随状语）他们弄醒了他们的父母，喊着“圣诞节快乐”。 （4）作宾补。（与宾语存在主动逻辑关系，并且与谓语动作同时发生） I hear a girl singing in the next room. 我听到一个女孩正在隔壁唱歌。 2、现在分词的否定式：not doing Not knowing where he is, she is feeling anxious. 不知道他在哪里，她感到非常焦急。
冀教版初中英语七年级上册语法动名词和现在分词的区别教案
湖南省娄底市双峰县曾国藩实验学校初中英语语法《动名词和现在 分词的区别》教案 V-ing 的非谓语动词用法: 动名词和现在分词的区别 一、V-ing作动名词时具有名词的特征,因而在句中用作主语、表语、宾语、定语,有时它可以有自己的逻辑主语,也可以有时态和语态形式。如: 1. 作主语、表语 动名词作主语和表语表示泛指。如: Tom's not having finished his homework made his teac her angry. 汤姆没有完成作业使老师很生.(主语) Her job is keeping the offices clean. 她的工作是保持办公室清洁。(表语) 2. 作宾语 动名词常跟在某些动词如enjoy, finish, mind, can't help(禁不住), suggest(建议), advise, consider(考虑), practise, admit, imagine 等以及含介词的短语动词insist on, stop...from, look forward to, pay attention to等后面作宾语。如: Do you mind my smoking here? 你介意我在这儿吸烟吗? 3. 作定语 动名词作定语时表示被修饰词的用途和作用。如: Don't forget to take a shopping basket with you. 别忘了带上购物篮子。 a sleeping baby (一个正在睡觉的baby) baby可以睡觉--动作性--现在分词 a sleeping car.（卧车）车不可以睡觉--名词性---动名词 二、V-ing作现在分词充当非谓语动词时,它主要在句中充当定语、表语、宾补、主补及状语。如: 1. 作定语 现在分词作定语时表示该动作正在进行，现在分词与所修饰的名词有逻辑上的主谓关系。单个现在分词作定语通常放在被修饰词的前面.现在分词短语作定语则放在被修饰词之后。如: The rising sun looks very beautiful. 冉冉升起的太阳看上去很美。 若被修饰词与现在分词是被动关系时,须用现在分词的被动式(being done)作定语。如: The song being broadcas t is very popular with the young students. 正在播放的 歌曲深受青年学生的欢迎。 现在分词与动名词作定语的区别: 现在分词与所修饰的名词有逻辑上的主谓关系,而动 名词作定语表示作用与用途。如: Let sleeping dogs lie. 别招惹麻烦。(现在分词。相当于定语从句 which are sleeping) I think some sleeping pills may help you. 我想安眠药可以助你入睡。(动名词.表示用途,相当于pills for sleeping) 2. 作表语 现在分词作表语表示主语的性质,这时通常可以看作形容词,可以用very, so或much等 修饰。如: The news that our team had been beaten by them in the match was very surprising. 我们队在比赛中被他们打败的消息让人感到很意外。 The sound we heard last night was so frightening. 我们昨晚听到的声音令人恐怖。
现在分词和动名词的区别
现在分词和动名词的区别 动名词和现在分词：都由动词变化而来，仍然具有动词的性质和原义，但不能做动词使用。 两者的区别主要表现在： 1. –ing在句中作定语，它可能是现在分词，也可能是动名词 动名词作定语时：说明被修饰的名词的用途（可以用“use for +动名词”这个结构代替），它和所修饰的名词在逻辑上没有主谓关系； 现在分词作定语时：表示它所修饰的名词的行为，和它所修饰的名词在逻辑上有主谓关系（可以扩展为定语从句）； 还有一种区别方法是： 如果ing形式相当于一个名词，可以与主语交换位置，它就是动名词； 如果ing形式相当于形容词，不能与主语交换位置，它就是现在分词。 a sleeping car = a car used for sleeping 一节卧车车厢（sleeping此处为动名词）； a sleeping child = a child who is sleeping 一个睡着的孩子（sleeping此处为现在分词） 2. 动名词具有名词的性质： （1）可以和名词一样有冠词或this、some等形容词 A knocking at the door was heard. （2）可以和名词一样有所有格、复数形式 He enjoys reading for reading’s sake, not for scholarship. He is so busy that I cannot keep track of all his comings and goings. （3）可以带所有格以表明动作者 Please excuse my coming late. 3. “动名词+名词”和“现在分词+名词”的读音不同 “动名词+名词”的重音在“动名词”上（a ‘sleeping suit） “现在分词+名词”的重音在“名词”上（a sleeping ‘child） 4. 动名词用法的特殊情况 ①No+动名词——用于简短的禁令或禁律 No smoking=Don’t do=Don’t smoke. ②There is no+-ing（…是不可能的）= It is impossible to= No one can (or We cannot) There is no telling when lasting peace will come. 谁也不知道永久的和平何时到来 ③Never (or not) … without + -ing （每次…都…）= whenever He never comes without bringing some present. ④It goes without saying that（…是不用说的）= It is needless to say that It goes without saying that no animal can live without breathing. ⑤Do+动名词（做需要若干时间或一再重复的事情），动名词之前都由the、所有
动词过去式、过去分词、现在分词
动词 一、五种基本形式： 英语中实义动词和系动词有五种基本形式，原形、现在式（用于第三人称单数）、过去式（用于过去时态）、过去分词（用于各种完成时态）和现在分词（用于各种进行时态）。
二、动词时态 定义：时态是谓语动词所表示的动作或情况发生时间的各种形式。 四类：一般时态、进行时态、完成时态和完成进行时态。每一类时态都对应四种时间：过去、现在、将来、过去将来。常用8种时态：一般现在时，一般过去时，一般将来时，现在进行时，过去进行时，现在完成时，过去完成时和过去将来时。 1、一般现在时 常见频度副词有：always（总是，一直）,often, usually, never, sometimes等 地球围绕着太阳转：The earth moves around the sun.表客观存在的真理或科学事实。 公交车来了：Here comes the bus.以here, there等开始的倒装句，表示动作正在进行。
2、一般过去时 有确定的时间状语，如：yesterday, two days ago, last+年/月/星期,the other day, just now, in the old days, the day before yesterday（前天），this morning/afternoon, at the age of+过去年龄段，when引导的状语从句（过去），at+过去时间点，in+过去的年份等。 3、一般将来时 常用时间副词：tomorrow, soon，(today, tonight)时间状语短语：next year/week/month, in a few days, in the future等。 构成：will/shall+动词原形，be going to+动词原形，表示打算和预测。 特殊情形： be to+动词原形，表示按计划或安排即将要发生的动作；有时也表示命令、禁止或可能性。如：She is to practice the piano tomorrow. 她明天将练习钢琴。 用现在进行时表示按计划或安排将要发生的事。 用一般现在时表示按规定或时间表预计要发生的事。 be about to+动词原形，表示即将要发生的事。 4、现在进行时 常与look, listen, now连用 5、过去进行时 the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while等标志性词语，主要表示过去某一时刻或表示过去某一阶段正在发生或进行的动作。 6、现在完成时： 常见时间状语：always, yet, just, ever, before，these days, recently, in the past/few时间段，since+时间点，for+时间段等。 构成：have/has+动词的过去分词 7、过去完成时 8、过去将来时 Would+动词原形
动名词和现在分词区别
英语中的动名词是由动词变化而来，它仍一方面保留着动词的某些特征，具有动词的某些变化形式，用以表达名词所不能表达的较为复杂的意念，另一方面动名词在句子的用法及功能类同与名词：在句子可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语。它也可以被副词修饰或者支配宾语。 例如：They run into constant discrimination in trying to find a job or friend. 在寻找工作和结交朋友方面，他们不断地遇到歧视。 Living in gigs means having one room in someone's house. 寄居的意思是在别人的家里借住一间房间。 附：动名词用法口诀： 动名词常泛指，句法作用宾/表/定与主，时态/语态之形式，一般/完成/被动式。Being done 系被动，不含任何进行意。用作主语请留意，常用it作形式主语，不指未来发生事，表达的信息系已知。用作表语请记清，作用相当一名词，检验方法很简单，主与表换位能成立。用作定语也易辩，表示名词之用途。用作宾语稍复杂，关键留意谓语动词（跟动名词作宾语的常用动词附后），时态同谓动作比较，先于谓动用完成式，其逻辑主语不固定，在句中/句外均有之。否定式其前加not，复合式其前加物主词，非句首宾格词也可用，尤其口语中更如此。 说明：1、主-----主语2、宾-----宾语3、表------表语4、定------定语5、谓动---谓语动词 形式（一般式，完成式和被动式）(1) 动名词的一般式: doing 所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生，或在谓语动词表示的动作之后。 如：We are very interested in collecting stamps. 我们对集邮很感兴趣。 His coming will be of great help to us. 他来对我们大有帮助。 但是有些明确表示时间的动词和介词after,on,upon,或for之后，常用一般式代替完成式，表示动作发生在谓语动作之前。 如：I shall never forget seeing the Great Wall for the first time. 我永远不会忘记第一次看到长城的情景。 On hearing that bad news,the mother couldn’t help crying. 一听到这个糟糕的消息，母亲就禁不住哭了起来。 Excuse me for coming late. 我来晚了，请原谅。 Thank you for giving us so much help. 谢谢你给了我们这么多帮助。 (2) 动名词的完成式: having done 所表示的动作或状态在谓语动词之前完成或结束。 He regrets not having taken part in the work. 他后悔没有参加这项工作。 We were praised for having finished the work ahead of time. 我们因提前完成了这项工作而受到了表扬。 (3) 动名词的被动式：being done 当动名词的逻辑主语是行为承受者时，用被动语态。 如：I like being given harder work. 我喜欢接受难点的工作。 She is proud of being admitted into the university. 她为被大学录取而感到自豪。 The meeting was put off without his having been consulted. 会议延期并未和他商量。 He doesn’t mind having been criticized. 他不介意过去受到的批评。
初中英语现在分词用法总结-实用必备
现在分词 一、基础知识： 现在分词（也叫动名词）：表示主动和进行。 基本形式：doing 否定式：not doing 被动式：being done 完成式：having done 二、具体用法： 1.动名词作主语和宾语： （1）把一个动词变成-ing形式可以当做名词来用，表示一种经常性、习惯性的动作，可在句中充当主语和宾语。 eg: Working with you is a pleasure. I like reading in my free time. （2）可以用it做形式主语或形式宾语放在前面，再用动名词做真正的主语或宾语放在后面，这种用法常用于以下句式： ①It is/was no use/good doing sth. 做某事是没用的/没有好处的。 eg: It’s no use begging for his mercy. It’s no good smoking too much. ②It is/was a waster of time doing sth. 做某事是浪费时间的。 eg: It is a waste of time copying others’ homework. ③It is/was worth doing sth. 做某事是值得的。 eg: It was worth making the effort. ④There is/was no sense in doing sth. 做某事是没有道理的/意义的。 eg: There is no sense in arguing with your wife. ⑤There is/was no point (in) doing sth. 做某事是没用的/无意义的。 eg: There is no point in getting angry. ⑥There is no shame in doing sth. 做某事是不丢脸的。 eg: There is no shame in saying sorry to your friends. ⑦There is no telling… 无法预言会… eg: There is no telling what will happen. ※注意：动名词作主语时，其前可用名词所有格和形容词性物主代词修饰，即one’s doing sth.作主语。 eg: Tom’s being late again made his teacher angry. My going to Beijing University is my parents’ biggest dream. （3）动名词作宾语分为两种情况：动名词后的宾语和介词后的宾语 ①有些动词后只能接动名词作宾语，常见的有： avoid, advise, allow, admit, appreciate, consider, deny, enjoy, keep, finish, suggest, dislike, delay, risk, escape, imagine, mind, miss, permit, practice, fancy, can’t help, be busy, give up, can’t stand, feel like等。 eg: You must avoid being hurt when crossing the road. ②有些动词后即可接动名词也可接不定式作宾语，常见的有： A: start, begin, intend, attempt, continue等后接doing和to do无区别。 B: like, love, prefer, hate等后接doing和to do略有区别，后接doing侧重经常习惯性的行为，后接to do侧重具体的某一次行为。 eg: I like swimming in summer but today I like to see a film at home
现在分词与动名词
V-ing 的非谓语动词用法: 动名词和现在分词的区别 V-ing 在英语中可以看作是动名词和现在分词,它们都可以用作非谓语动词,在句中可以充当一定的句子成分。现将其可以充当的句子成分 列表对照如下: 一、V-ing作动名词时具有名词的特征,因而在句中用作主语、表语、宾语、定语,有时它可以有自己的逻辑主语,也可以有时态和语态形式。如: 1. 作主语、表语 动名词作主语和表语表示泛指。如: Tom's not having finished his homework made his teacher angry. 汤姆没有完成作业使老师很生.(主语) Her job is keeping the offices clean. 她的工作是保持办公室清洁。(表语) 2. 作宾语 动名词常跟在某些动词如enjoy, finish, mind, can't help(禁不住), suggest(建议), advise, consider(考虑), practise, admit, imagine 等以及含介词的短语动词insist on, stop...from, look forward to, pay attention to等后面作宾语。如: Do you mind my smoking here? 你介意我在这儿吸烟吗? 3. 作定语 动名词作定语时表示被修饰词的用途和作用。如: Don't forget to take a shopping basket with you. 别忘了带上购物篮子。 二、V-ing作现在分词充当非谓语动词时,它主要在句中充当定语、表语、宾补、主补及状语。如: 1. 作定语 现在分词作定语时表示该动作正在进行。单个现在分词作定语通常放在被修饰词的前面.现在分词短语作定语则放在被修饰词之后。如: The rising sun looks very beautiful. 冉冉升起的太阳看上去很美。 若被修饰词与现在分词是被动关系时,须用现在分词的被动式(being done)作定语。如: The song being broadcast is very popular with the young students. 正在播放的歌曲深受青年学生的欢迎。 现在分词与动名词作定语的区别: 现在分词与所修饰的名词有逻辑上的主谓关系,而动名词作定语表示作用与用途。如: Let sleeping dogs lie. 别招惹麻烦。(现在分词。相当于定语从句which are sleeping) I think some sleeping pills may help you. 我想安眠药可以助你入睡。(动名词.表示用途,相当于pills for sleeping) 2. 作表语 现在分词作表语表示主语的性质,这时通常可以看作形容词,可以用very, so或much等修饰。如: The news that our team had been beaten by them in the match was very surprising. 我们队在比赛中被他们打败的消息让人感到很意外。
(英语语法)现在分词、过去分词和动名词的用法
现在分词和过去分词的用法 1)As Lily missed the bus, she was late for the class. Missing the bus, she was late for the class. 2)As the student was scolded by the teacher, she felt unhappy. scolded by the teacher, she felt unhappy. 一、现在分词 （一）现在分词的定义： 现在分词（Present Participle）(又称-ing形式、现在进行式) ，是分词的一种，由动词原形+ing形式组成。具有双重性，一面具有动词的特征，可以有自己的宾语和状语；另一面具有形容词和副词的特征，可以充当表语，定语，状语，补足语，可以表示主动或正在进行的动作，是非谓语动词的一种。 （二）现在分词的功能与用法： 1. 作定语 单个分词作定语时放在所修饰的名词前，分词短语作定语时放在后，并且名词与现在分词之间存有逻辑上的主谓关系。一般都可以转化为一个进行时的定语从句。 e.g. a running boy→ a boy who is running an old man standing there →an old man who is standing there 例如： The report indicated that 45% of students were in jobs not specific qualifications. A. requiring B. to be required C. being required D. to have required 2. 作补语 只有两类动词可以加现在分词作宾补: 1）感官动词：see hear watch feel notice observe find listen to look at 2）使役动词：have get make 注意：要想用现在分词来作宾补,只能是用于这些词后,但是并不代表这些动词后的宾补形式都要用现在分词（有些后面可以加不带to的不定式作宾补）。 eg. I saw Thomas playing computer games. Don’t have the students studying all day. 注意：宾语与作宾补的现在分词之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，即宾语是现在分词动作的发出者。 3. 作表语 (1) 分词作表语有两种情况，一种是现在分词作表语，一种是过去分词作表语，究竟是用现在分词还是用过去分词作表语是学生们经常困惑的地方。一般来说，表示心理状态的动词如excite，interest等都是及物动词，汉语意思不是“激动”，“高兴”，而是“使激动”、“使高兴”，因而现在分词应该是“令人激动的”、“令人高兴的”，过去分词则是“感到激动的”和“感到高兴的”。所以，凡表示“令人……的”都是－ing形式，凡是表示“感到……”都用－ed形式。这类词常见的有： interesting 使人感到高兴— interested感到高兴的 exciting令人激动的— excited感到激动的
英语动名词与现在分词的用法区别
动名词与现在分词用法的区别动词的-ing形式按功能可分为动名词和现在分词。动词的-ing形式何时为动名词，何时为现在分词。首先，我们要从概念上区分。动词的-ing形式在起名词作用时，称为动名词；用作形容词或副词时，称为现在分词。其次，我们要从用法方面区分动词的-ing形式是动名词还是现在分词。 一、动词的-ing形式用作主语时为动名词，现在分词不可以用作主语。 1．动名词用作主语. Reading French is easier than speaking it. 阅读法文比讲法语容易。 Talking to him is talking to a wall. 和他说话等于对牛弹琴。 Smoking can cause cancer. 吸烟会致癌。 Growing roses is her hobby. 种玫瑰是她的爱好。 2．有时it作形式主语，把动名词主语放在句子后面 It’s nice seeing you again. 再次见到你太好了。 It was tiring driving from morning till night. 从早到晚开车很累人。 It’s a wonder meeting you here. 在这里碰到你真是奇迹。 It was a waste of time reading that book. 看那本书是浪费时间。 3. “There is + no”后可以用动名词作主语 There was no knowing what he could do. 他能做什么很难说。 There was no arguing with her. 没法和她争论。 二、动词的-ing形式用作宾语时为动名词，现在分词不可以用作宾语。 1．有许多动词可接动名词作宾语 I suggested bringing the meeting to an end. 我建议结束会议。 So you prefer living abroad? 这样说你更愿意住在国外？ He kept complaining. 他不停地抱怨。 I finished reading the book last night. 这书我昨晚看完了。 2．有许多带介词的动词固定搭配接动名词作宾语 He has given up playing football. 他现在不踢足球了。 Prices keep on increasing. 价格不断上涨。 三、当动词的-ing形式用作状语时为现在分词，动名词不可以用作状语。 现在分词及其短语可以用作状语，表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。其动作可能发生在谓语之前或之后，也可能与谓语动词的动作同时发生。