牛津高中英语必修一Unit1基础知识

牛津高中英语必修一Unit 1单词讲解

1.attend vt. / vi. 1）出席, 参加, 2）上(大学等),就读3）照料;护理;侍候

vt: attend + noun (会议、聚会、讲座，上课)

He did not attend the meeting yesterday.(go to ; be present at参加或出席)

Dr Smith attended her in hospital. （look after）

vi: attend on/upon sb. 看护，照料（某人）

attend on a patient

2.assembly[U]集会，会议

the right of assembly 集会权assembly rooms 会议室

Morning assembly is held in the school hall. 晨会在学校礼堂举行.

3.earn vt. to get something by working 获得，赚，赚得

He earns 10,000 a year.

earn one?s living / make one?s living 谋生

She earned her living by working in a supermarket.

earn fame / praise / respect 获得名誉/赞扬/ 尊敬

The young player earned his place in the team by training hard.

4.respect v. 遵守, 尊敬; 敬重; 钦佩; n.（与of, for连用）尊敬；尊重

We? d better respect others? feelings.

I respect him for his honesty. (尊敬，钦佩)

show / have respect /to /for sb. = respect sb.

The young should show respect to those who are older. 年轻人应该尊敬长者。

gain/ win / earn respect 博得钦佩

respects (pl) 敬意；问候Give my respects / regards to your wife.

respectful adj. （主动）表示尊敬的，恭敬的

respectfully adv. 尊敬地, 谦恭地

respectable adj. （被动）值得尊敬的，体面的

The teacher is ______, so we are all ______ to him. (respectable, respectful)

5.achieve v. 取得，实现

achieve all one?s goals / aims 达到目标

achievement n. 成就, 功绩

6.average n. 一般的，普通的，平均的

The average of 4, 8, and 60 is 24. 4、8和60的平均数是24。

The average age of the boys in this class is fifteen. (平均年龄)

These marks are well above average. 这些分数远在一般水平以上.

on (an) average 通常；按平均

7.challenging adj. 具有挑战性的

challenge vt. 向...挑战challenge sb. to

He challenged me to play another football match. 他向我挑战要我跟他再进行一场足球比赛It is challenging for me to solve this problem by myself.

8.extra adj. 额外的; 外加的; 附加的adv. 超过一般地; 特别地

extra pay for extra work 额外工作的额外报酬

Can I have extra time to finish my work? (额外的)

an extra strong box 加固的箱子

Children were extra glad to see the foreign visitors. （特别地）

9.prepare v. to get ready or to make sb. / sth. ready 准备；使有备

prepare sb. /sth. for sth. prepare to do sth.

The team prepared themselves for defeat / to accept defeat.

这个队心理上做好了接受失败的准备。

prepare to meet your fate 准备面对命运

be prepared for sth. 对某事物（尤指令人不愉快者）作好准备

I knew there were problems, but I was not prepared for this!

我知道有些问题, 却未料到这一点!

preparation n. 准备, 预备

be in preparation 在准备中; 在编辑中in preparation for 作为...的准备

make preparations for 为...作准备make preparations against 为对付...作准备10.drop v. 放弃，落下, , 断绝（往来）

He seems to have dropped most of his friends. (断绝往来)

He dropped everything and helped. (半途停止)

Where shall I drop you? (让某人下车)

Drop over to our house for a visit sometime. (drop in / by /over 顺便走访)

Our car dropped behind. (落后)

n. 滴；点; 下降；落下；下跌

eye drops 眼药水 a drop in the price of wheat 小麦价格下跌

11.miss v. 思念, 想念，错过n. 小姐, 姑娘

Everybody will miss him very much.（思念）

missed the bus误公共汽车。

miss a chance 错过一次机会

Her daughter was chosen as Miss Hong Kong six years ago.（小姐，姑娘）

missing adj. 不见的, 缺少的 a missing person 一个失踪人员

12.field n. 1) 运动场，操场2) 田地，原野3）领域，专业

The World Cup was holded in this field.（运动场）

They were working in the cotton fields.(田地，原野)

He is a prominent scholar in the field of linguistics.（领域，专业）

13.experience n. 经历，阅历[C] 经验,体验[U][(+of/in)]

I had a rather odd experience the other day. （经历）

She had no experience of life at all. （经验）

Please tell us your _________ in America.

Have you had any _________ of teaching English?

14.article n. [C] 1）文章，论文2）商品，物品3）条款，条文

He has written an article for the magazine.（文章）

She had several articles of clothing in her bag.（商品一件）

Article 15 of the constitution deals with this problem.（条款）

15.introduce vt. （与to连用）介绍; 倡导；提倡；引进

He introduced his friend to me.

to introduce a new subject in a school

introduction n. 介绍, 传入, 初步, 导言

16.immediately adv. & conj. 立即；即刻

She came immediately. 她立刻就来了。

I came immediately I heard the news. 我一听到这个消息,马上就来了。

immediate adj. 立即的；即刻的in the immediate future 在不远的将来

take immediate action 立即采取行动最近的

17.former adj. 从前的，以前的

in former times 从前the former world champion 前世界冠军

the former …the latter

We used to insist on the difference between love and liking. The former seemed much more beautiful than the latter.

★former, past, old 虽然都和过去有关，但侧重点不同。former：“过去曾经是...的、前任….”, 老的、从前的”。

过去的” old“

past: “

例如: former president 前总统

past experience以往的经验

my old school我的母校

18.recently adv. 最近

It is only quite recently that I started painting. 我只是在最近才开始绘画的。

recent adj. 新近的, 近来的

19.develop v. 培养，养成，发展, 发达, 发扬, 进步

Try to develop good reading habits. 要养成良好的阅读习惯。

to develop an idea 详细地说明一个概念

Her friendship with David developed slowly. 她与戴维的友谊发展缓慢。

20.display v. 陈列, 展览, 显示n. 陈列, 展览, 显示

The cakes were displayed in the window. 糕点陈列在橱窗中。

The work was on display. 作品正在展出。

21.attention n. 注意, 关心, 关注, 注意力, (口令)立正!

Your suggestion has come to our attention. 我们已经考虑了你的建议。

to pay attention to (doing) sth.

Please pay attention to taking care of your baby. 请注意照顾好你的小孩.

to stand at attention 立正站着

22.please vt. 请, 使高兴,使喜欢,使满意, 合...的心意,是...的意愿vi. 令人高兴,讨人喜欢

What pleases you best? 你最喜欢什么?

She is always anxious to please. 她老是极力想讨好人。

23.title n. 头衔, 名称, 标题, vt. 赋予头衔, 加标题于adj. 标题的, 用作书名的

the title of a book 书名

an official title 官衔

the title page 标题页

这个称呼

A doctor has the title ,Dr? in front of his name. 医生的名字前有“Dr”

He deserves the title of poet. 他不愧为诗人。

24.cover n. 盖子, 封面, 藉口vt .覆盖, 铺, 掩饰vi. 覆盖, 涂, 代替

the cover of a pot / book / magazine

He read the book from cover to cover. 他看完了本书。(从头到尾一页不漏)

The soldiers crept forward under the cover of darkness. 士兵在黑夜的掩护下向前爬行。

(在...掩护下; 打着...的幌子)

cover the table with a cloth 把桌子铺上台布

Lies cannot cover up facts. 谎言掩盖不住事实

25.regret n. 遗憾, 悔恨, 抱歉, 歉意vt. 遗憾, 惋惜; 抱歉悔恨, 懊悔悼念, 哀悼; 怀念with regret 很抱歉地

I regret (to say) that... 我很遗憾...; 很抱歉...

It is to be regretted that ... 使人遗憾的是...; 真可惜...

I regret to tell you that my friend is ill. 遗憾地告诉你, 我的朋友病了

To this day I do not regret having made that remark. 说了这话, 我至今不后悔。

regret to have done …./ having done / doing …

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/d514425976.html,rm v. (～of/about) 通知, 告诉, 获悉, 告知

I beg to inform you that ... 谨通知...

be well informed about sth. 对某事消息灵通

be informed of 听说; 接到...的通知

keep ... informed 随时向...报告情况

inform against /on upon sb. 告发某人, 检举某人

27.run vi. 跑, 奔, 逃跑, vt. 使跑, 参赛, 追究

run the danger of 冒…风险急切的要求

run across 偶然遇到

run after 追逐，追踪追求（女性）

run out（常与of连用）用光；耗尽

28.host n. 主人vt, 作东，作为主人招待

the host city 主办城市

Beijing will host the 29th Summer Olympic Games in 2008.

北京将于2008年主办第29届奥运会。

Which country hosted the Olympic Games for the most times?

29.approve vi. 赞成, 满意（常与of连用）

I don't approve of wasting time. 我不赞成浪费时间。

My parents don't approve of me smoking cigarettes.

vt. 批准, 通过approve a plan / bill / accounts 核准帐目

30.broadcast n. 广播, 播音v. 播撒(种子), 广播, (无线电或电视)广播，播送,播放

the news broadcast 新闻广播

31.close adj. 靠近的；近的；接近的（常与to连用）n. 结束v. 关, 结束, 使靠近

close to home 接近事实

It's very close in here. Would you mind opening the window?

这里面太闷了, 把窗子打开好吗?

a close friend一位亲密的朋友 a close game (race,contest) 一个势均力敌的比赛

What she said was very close to home. 她说的情况非常接近事实。

32.continue v. 使继续;使延伸[+v-ing][+to-v]

I was allowed to continue using the library. 我获准继续使用该图书馆。

They continued to meet every week. 他们继续每周见面。

33.poem n. 诗, 象诗一样, 美丽的东西

He wrote a poem about war. 他写了一首关于战争的诗。

poetry n.诗, 作诗法, 诗意, 诗情 a book of poetry / a poetry book 诗集

34.select vt. 选择, 挑选(choose sb/sth, esp as being the best or most suitable) adj. 精选的

I was selected for the team. 我被选入这个队。

select a gift, candidate, wine 挑选礼物、候选人、葡萄酒

select peaches 优等桃子

be select in choosing one's friends 择友谨慎

selected adj. 经由选择的, 挑选的

selected works 选集selected poems诗选

selection n. 选择, 挑选, 选集, 精选品

35.require vt. 需要, 要求, 命令

We did all that was required of us. 我们做了要求我们所做的一切。

The emergency requires that it should be done. 情况紧急, 非这样做不可。do as the law requires按法律办事

require sth. of sb. 对某人有...的要求

require sb. to do sth要求某人做某事

require vt. 需要, 要求, 命令

The floor requires washing. 地板该洗了。

requirement n. 需求, 要求, 必要条件, 需要的东西, 要求必备的条件36.scary adj. 引起惊慌的

scare v. 惊吓, 受惊, 威吓n. 惊恐, 恐慌, 恐惧

scared, scaring 1)（常与of, to连用）恐吓，惊吓；使受惊；惊恐

I was scared of the big dog.我害怕这条大狗。

2)（常与away, off, up 连用）把…吓跑

The dogs scared the thief away. 那些狗把贼吓跑了。

牛津高中英语必修一Unit 1词组、句型讲解

重点词组：

1. 感到轻松feel at ease

2. 一次令人愉快，激动的经历

an enjoyable and exciting experience

3. 对…．感到满意be happy with

4. 意味着…　mean doing

5. 打算做…　mean to do

6. 参加晨会attend assembly

7. 在…旁边next to

8. 赢得某人的尊重earn respect（from）

尊重某人show respect to /for 9.做…的方法/途径the way to do/ of doing 10获得高分achieve high grades

11. 听起来像sound like

12.在过去的一年in the past year

13.正常规模the average size

14.平均on average

15.起初at first

16.首先first of all

17.进步很快improve a lot 18在午餐时间at lunchtime

19. 免费的for free

免费的free of charge

20. 每星期二晚上on Tuesday evenings

21. 放弃一些科目drop some subjects

22.一个具有挑战的任务 a challenging task

某事对某人有挑战be challenging for sb

23体验不同的生活方experience a different way of life

24.在…．开始at the beginning of

25 .准备食物prepare food

为…做准备prepare for / make preparations for

26. 向…做自我介绍introduce oneself to

27. 对…感兴趣be interested in

28. 在学校人口处at the school entrance

29. 一直往前走go straight

30. 走过…　go past

31. 从…和…之间走过go between…and…　

32. 在校园里on campus

33. 对…有用be available (for)

34. 全年all year round

35. 网络接口Internet access

36. 网上冲浪surf the Internet

37. 大量的设备lots of pieces of equipment

38. 前者…后者the former…the latter

39.从…毕业graduate…from

40.有很多机会了解have many chances to learn about

41.一位有经验的护士an experienced nurse

42.一…．就upon/on doing

43.培养对…的兴趣develop an interest in 44把…捐赠给…　donate….to..

45.向…展示display sth to

46.因…感谢某人thank sb for sth

47.劳驾thank sb to do

48客座演讲者 a guest speaker

49.发表演讲make a speech

50.错过机会miss the chance to do

51.提到/提及refer to

52.不仅仅，超过more than

53.难以取悦be hard to please

54.注意pay attention to

吸引某人的注意attract one?s attention / catch one?s eyes

55.把…和..作比较compare…with…

56.订购一册order a copy

57.在封底on the book cover

58.遗憾做…　regret to do

59.通知某人某事inform sb of sth

60.创办学校俱乐部start a school club

61.允许某人做某事allow sb to do sth

62.赞同某人的想法approve one?s idea

63.时事新闻recent news

64.亲密的朋友close friends

65朗读给…听read out to

66.挑选诗歌select poems

67.要求某人做某事require sb to do sth

68.生态平衡keep a balance of nature

69.对…负责be responsible for

70.由…组成consist of / be made up of

71.以…为基础be based on

72.一代又一代from generation to generation 73.过去常常used to do

74.在开放日at the open day

75.在学校的操场上on the school field

76.被…取代be replaced by

77.代替instead of

78.做一个决定make a decision

79.提出，想出come up with

80.轮流做.. take turns to do

重点句型：

1. Going to a British high school for one year was a very enjoyable and exciting experience for

me.

去一所英国中学读书一年对我来说是一次令人愉快和兴奋的经历。

Going to a British high school for one year动名词短语作句子的主语。动词的现在分词和过去

例分词都可以作定语，但所表达的意思不同, 现在分词作定语常表示“令人…”、“正在….”；如exciting news, sleeping dogs; 过去分词则有被动或完成的意思,常表示“感到…．的”、“被…．例如：an excited crowd of people, broken heart.

的”，

2. I was very happy with the school hours in Britain because school starts around 9 a.m. and ends about

3.30 p.m.

我对英国学校的作息时间很满意因为学校大约上午9点开始上课，下午3点半左右放学。

be happy with=be pleased with=be satisfied with, around=about。

3. This means I could get up an hour later than usual as schools in China begin before 8 a.m.

这意味着我可以晚一小时起床，因为在中国学校8点钟上课。

mean: 意味着, 后面通常加名词或宾语从句。例如：

The attack of Pear Harbor meant a declaration of war with the United States.

The raise of salary means that I can send my daughter to a better school.

mean: 打算, mean to do

had meant to do: 本打算做某事，而事实上没做成

eg: I had meant to help you, but I was busy then.

means: 方法，手段

by this means:通过这种方法

4. He also told us that the best way to earn respect from the school was to work hard and achieve high grades.

他还告诉我们赢得学校尊敬的最好方法是努力学习并取得好成绩。

结构用来表达做某事的最好方法是….., 例如:

The best way to do sth is to…..

The best way to learn English is to use it as often as possible.

5. I found the homework was not as heavy as what I used to get in my old school, but it was a bit challenging for me at first because all the homework was in English.

我发现这儿的家庭作业没有我原来学校的多，但一开始对我有些挑战性，因为所有作业都是

英语的。

中间加形容词或副词,一般要连接两个相同的句as…..as, 否定形式：not as…..as, not so…..as ,

子成分, 请比较下面两句话:

You hate him as much as I (=You hate him as much as I hate him).

You hate him as much as me(=You hate him as much as you hate me).

used to 过去常常, 隐含的意思是现在的情况已经不同。例如:

She used to study very hard. ( She does not study so hard any more).

used to 过去常常做某事，它的否定形式是usedn?t to/ didn?t use to

注意：get/be used to sth/doing 表示习惯于…．

6. Cooking was really fun as I learnt how to buy, prepare and cook food.

当我学着怎样买菜、洗菜、烧饭时，烹饪真的是一件有趣的事。

fun是不可数名词,有趣的事情

7. I do like eating desserts after meals as you mentioned in your article.

就像你在文章中提到的那样，我的确喜欢在饭后吃甜食。

do、did在陈述句中，用在动词前表示强调，可译作的确、确实。

eg: Do call me, please.

School life（分块整理）

Welcome-reading

1. 另外三天another three days\ three other days\ three more days

2. 努力工作的时代 a time of hard work

3. 低矮的建筑low-rise buildings

4.（与某人在一起）自由自在(be) at ease with

5. 理想的校园生活dream school life

6. 没有…的经验have no experience in doing/be inexperienced in

7. 对…很高兴、满意be happy with/be pleased with/ be satisfied with

8. 作息时间school hours

9. 比以往than usual

10. 参加集会、会议attend assembly/a meeting

11. 紧挨、紧靠next to

12. 校纪校规the rules of the school

13. 做…的最好方法the best way to do

14. 赢得…的尊敬earn respect from

15. 尊敬某人respect sb./show respect for sb.

16. 取得好的成绩、高分achieve high grades

17. 听起来好像sound like (a good idea)

18. 班主任class teacher

19. 平均on average

20. 不如…　not as … as

21. 过去常常（现在不这样了）used to do

22. 有点 a bit/a little /例a bit challenging

23. 一点也不not a bit

24. 非常not a little

25. 在…上花费…（时间、金钱）spend … (in) doing …/on …

26. 午餐时间at lunchtime

27. 免费的for free/free of charge

28. 每逢星期一晚上on Monday evenings

29. 开班会hold a class party

30. 放弃一些科目drop some subjects

31. 比如、例如such as …/for example/for instance

32. 正餐main meal

33. 在操场上、在…领域on school field/in the field of …

34. 不同的生活方式different way of life

35. 掌握…的大意get a general idea of …

36. 逐字逐句地word by word

From exercises:

37. 鼓励…做…　encourage … to do …

38. 想、要做…　would like(love) to do …/ should like(love) to do …

39. 首先first of all

40. 向…介绍…　introduce … to …

41. 在周末at the weekend

42. 上网surf the internet

43. 会上at assembly/at the meeting

/be prepared to do…

44. 准备做… prepare to do…　

… in preparation for/make preparations for…

45. 有机会做…have chances to do …

46. 祝一切顺利Best wishes

From Word power to Grammar

47 . 可利用的(be) available (for …）

48 . 整年all year round

49 . 远离…　far away (from …）

50 . 确信、弄清楚make sure that …/of …

51 . 校园里on campus

52 . 在休息时间during break time

53 . 毕业于…graduate from …

54 . 一…就…upon/on doing …

55 . 完成学业finish one?s studies

56 . 培养…（方面）的兴趣develop an interest in doing …

57. 把…捐赠给…donate … to …

58. 感谢…的仁慈、善良thank … for one?s kindness/ be thankful to one?s kindness

59. 做关于…的演讲make a speech a bout/on …

60. 意指/谈到/参考/涉及refer to …　

61. 在这种情况下in this case

62. 省略leave out …

63. 而不是instead of …/rather than

64. 注意pay attention to doing…

From Task to Project

65. 以简短的形式in short form

66. 节省空间、金钱save space/money

67. 做比较make comparisons

68. 比较A与B compare … with(to) …

69. 把A比作 B compare …to …

70. 越…，越…the more …, the more …

71. 完成做finish doing…

72. 在后封面上on the back cover

73. 遗憾、抱歉地(没)说、告知regret (not)to do (say/tell)…

74. 后悔(没)做...regret (not)having done/.regret (not)do ing…

75. 通知…、告知…inform … of …/that …

76. 随时告知keep… informed of

77. 开办俱乐部start a school club

78. 允许做…　allow doing…/allow sb to do…

79. 不被允许做…　be not allowed to do …/don?t allow doing…

80. 在课间during break time

81. 仅仅/和…一样不no more than

82. 不超过not more than

83. 给…些信息give messages to …

84. 密友close friends

85. 播放音乐play songs

87. 被要求做…　be required to do …

88. 要求某人做某事require sb to do sth.

89. 向…大声地读出、念出…　read … out aloud (to …）

90. 对…负责be responsible to sb for sth …

91. 做研究do research on …　

92. 提出（观点、计划等）come up with …

93. 被提出come up

94. 以…为基础base … on …/ be based on …　

95. 轮流take turns to do sth

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