大学英语四(综合教程)第一单元

大学体验英语四（综合教程）

Unit 1Men and Women's Prejudices

Listen and Talk

Lead in

In Britain, people tend to make jokes about some jobs or professions, or to S1. stereotyped views of them. For example, sailors are S2. to have a "wife" in every port, university professors are often seen as S3. or forgetful. there are a lot of dirty jokes about sales representatives and they are generally regarded as not particularly S4. . other jobs may be well-paid or very S5. , but the general public think they are funny or rather S6. . For instance, in most other European countries S7. . Funnily enough, in Britain engineers are thought of as gloomy rather than cheerful S8. .

Key:1. hold; 2. supposed; 3. absent-minded; 4. dependable; 5. responsible; 6. boring;

7. to be an engineer is to be somebody;

8. as result of people's ignorance of the importance of engineers in society

Passage A: The Unsung Heroes: What About Working Dads?

2. Answer the following questions with the information from the passage.

1. What message does the author want to convey by mentioning the omission of the father in the movie "Toy Story"?

The author wants to point out that in the U.S. there is a trend towards regarding fathers as less important or necessary.

2. What's the author's attitude towards the criticism of fathers for not helping much with the housework?

She doesn't agree. She finds the accusation dubious.

3. What does the "double standard at work" (Para. 4) refer to?

It refers to the two different standards used to evaluate the work of at-home dads on the one hand and that of at-home mothers and working dads on the other, which reflects the social and cultural prejudice against the latter.

4. Why does the author compare at-home wives to expensive cars?

Because to many, at-home wives, like expensive cars, sound like a luxury for ordinary people. Not everyone can afford to have an at-home wife just as not everyone can afford to buy an expensive car.

5. Why do many men question the value of their roles as fathers?

Because there is a social trend to devalue fatherhood and to demand that fatherhood and to demand that fathers give up their traditional roles as family supporters.

3. Choose the best answer to each question based on the information you obtain from the passage.

1. We can conclude from the passage that ________________.

A) fathers play a more important role in American families

B) fathers are generally thought of as unnecessary by media in the U.S.

C) fathers are often criticized for being irresponsible for their families

D) fathers usually earn more than mothers

2. What is the traditional image of fathers in American media?

A) abusive husbands or deadbeat dads

B) good family men

C) wage earners

D) household helpers

3. The author's purpose in writing this article is _____________.

A) to show how her husband is unfairly treated

B) to reveal how working fathers are insulted

C) to criticize American wives for looking down upon their husbands

D) to appeal to the society to recognize the value of working fathers

4. We can infer from the passage that the author seems to _________.

A) approve of at-home wives

B) disapprove of at-home dads

C) be in favor of men as the sole wage earners

D) disapprove of men as the sole wage earners

5. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?

A) There is a media trend which regards fathers as unnecessary.

B) At-home dads have received more media attention than working fathers.

C) The majority of men don't take full responsibility for supporting their families.

D) Working dads are often neglected by society at large.

Answer: 1.B, 2.A, 3.D, 4.D, 5.C

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/d66831876.html,plete the summary of the text. The first letter of the missing word has been given to you.

Nowadays there is a media trend toward diminishing the importance of fathers in the United States. On the one hand, we have easy access to 1) m stories about the struggles of working mothers. On the other, the 2) i of fathers presented in the media are always 3) a or irresponsible. Fathers are usually blamed for not helping much with the housework. Compared with working mothers and at-home dads, working fathers have received less media attention, although most are quietly yet proudly 4) f their family duties. Our society has given little cultural 5) r to those breadwinner fathers. Recently, there is another media trend of regarding at-home wives as "6) s symbols” — a luxury not many men can afford to have. In fact, men as

sole wage earners suffer many 7) s . They have to work extra hours to make more money to support their families. It would be wise for us to be 8) a of the importance of fathers to their children. It would also be advisable for us to recognize the great efforts that fathers make to support their families. They, the unsung heroes, 9) d our recognition and our thanks for what they do.

Anwser: 1.media 2.images 3.abusive 4.fulfilling 5.recognition

6.status

7.stresses

8.aware

9.deserve

5. Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary.

applaud mirror entail strive consequently

supposedly devalue flexibility obligation fulfill

1. Taxes are an ___ which may fall on everybody.

2. We ____ the authority's decision not to close the hospital.

3. The doctor's instructions must be ___ exactly; the sick man's life depends on it.

4. Do these opinion polls really ___ what people are thinking?

5. I prefer to think of memorization as a stepping-stone to ____ in use of words and phrases.

6. In her office memos she tended to ___ the work done by her staff.

7. The history of train transport has partly been a history of ___ for greater efficiency and profit.

8. He took on the new post without having the faintest idea of what it ___ .

9. He is ___ one of the greatest experts in this field.

10. Absolute secrecy is essential. ____ , the fewer who are aware of the project the better. Answer: 1.obligation, 2.applauded, 3.fulfilled, 4.mirror, 5.flexibility,

6.devalue,

7.striving,

8.entailed ,

9.supposedly , 10.Consequently

6. Complete the following sentences with phrases or expressions from the passage.

1. This period is usually ___ the post-war period.

2. It would be a setback ___ if we were denied the use of their software.

3. We make people mentally old by retiring them, and we may even ____ make them physically old.

4. I know that the public ___ aren't interested in this issue.

5. My sister was always ___ to me ___ a model child.

Answer: 1.referred to as, 2.at best, 3.by the same token , 4.at large, 5.held up...as

7. Each of the verbs and nouns in the following lists occurs in this passage. Choose the noun that you think collocates with each verb and write it in the blank. If you think more than one noun is possible, write them down.

V erbs Nouns

to suffer 1. a family

to support 2. luxury

to take on 3. recognition

to fulfill 4. attention

to deserve 5. a burden

to afford 6. responsibility

to merit 7. a commitment

to make 8. appreciation

to give 9. support

to show 10. stress

Answer: 1.stress

2.a family

3.a burden / responsibility

4.responsibility / a commitment

5.support / recognition / attention / appreciation

6.luxury

7.attention / recognition / appreciation

8.a commitment

9.recognition / support

10.appreciation / recognition

8. T ranslate the following sentences into English.

1.随着职务的提升，他担负的责任也更大了。(take on)

With his promotion, he has taken on greater responsibilities.

2. 他感到他再没有必要对约翰承担这样的责任。（make a commitment）

He felt he did not have to make such a commitment to John any more.

3. 闲暇时玛丽喜欢外出购物，与她相反，露茜却喜欢呆在家里看书。(as opposed to)

Mary likes to go shopping in her spare time, as opposed to Lucy, who prefers to stay at home reading.

4. 充其量可以说他有抱负，用最糟糕的话来说，他是一个没有良心(conscience)或没有资格的权力追求者。（at best, at worst）

At best he's ambitious, at worst a power-seeker without conscience or qualifications.

5. 我们已尽全力说服他，但是却毫无进展。（strive，make no headway）

We have striven to the full to convince him, but we have made no headway.

9. Read following sentences carefully, and then make your own sentences using the patterns in boldface type.

1. It seems that the only time fathers merit attention is when they are criticized for not helping enough with the housework ... or when they die.

It seems that the only time ___ is when ___ or when .

2. One exception to the "unnecessary father" syndrome is the glowing media attention that at-home dads have received.

One exception to ___ is ___ .

3.By the same token, sole wage earners have less flexibility when it comes to leaving unsatisfying

careers because of the loss of income such a job change entails.

___when it comes to ____ .

4. Today, there is widespread agreement among researchers that the absence of fathers from households causes serious problems for children and, consequently, for society at large.

Today, there is widespread agreement among ___ that ____ .

5. As a society, we need to realize that fathers are just as important to children as mothers are —not only for financial support, but for emotional support, education and discipline as well.

As a ___ we need to ___ not only ___ but ___ as well.

1. It seems the only time she feels very happy is when she is back home with her parent s, or when she has received their letters.

2. One exception to the rule is that parents are allowed to attend the classes.

3. Martin is not good in sports, but when it comes to mathematics, he's the best in the class.

4. Today, there is widespread agreement among university student s that computers are becoming more and more important in their studies and lives.

5. As students, we need to improve our English —not only in reading, but in writing and speaking as well.

Passage B: A Manifesto for Men.Think about it

12. Choose the best answer to each question with information from the passage.

1. In the author’s opinion, men are not sure of what they actually want because _______.

A) women are getting in men’s way in their life and work

B) there is no equality for men in the family

C) the world today is controlled mainly by women

D) this is the men’s world and they take their social status for granted

2. By saying "we subcontracted our physical, emotional and practical needs to women” (para. 3), the author implies that _______.

A) women are too dominant in family life

B) men are very dependent on women to look after them

C) men are too busy with work to cater for their own needs

D) men prefer to do public work rather than domestic labour

3. According to the passage, the author is likely to agree that ________.

A) Men’s devo tion to work does not necessarily mean a sense of accomplishment

B) men should be valued primarily by their success at work

C) men should spare no efforts to be successful at work

D) men should do as much work as they can to maintain their status

4. Th e author’s purpose in writing this article is to ________.

A) criticize women’s liberation movement

B) persuade men to give up their career

C) argue for a movement for male equality

D) call on men to take actions to control the world

5. The tone of the passage is ________.

A) sarcastic

B) serious

C) matter-of-fact

D) humorous

Answer: 1.D, 2.C, 3.A, 4.C, 5.A

13. Fill in the blanks with the information from the passage.

As a manifesto for men, this article urges men to support a movement for male equality. To start with, the notion of being a man needs to be 1 , because the stereotyped notions seem to have confined men to a limited 2 of activity and have placed too heavy a burden on men. Secondly, men’s devotion to work does not nece ssarily mean a sense of 3 . Thirdly, in view of women’s predominant status in all social activities, men should not consider themselves as the 4 of women. Fourthly, men are not just breadwinners or 5 for children, instead, they can also be close to child ren both physically and 6 . Fifthly, the starting point for men’s 7 is at home. Men should take the 8 in trying to manage every aspect of the domestic life. Finally, men should not feel conceited about their 9 and power over women. It will be beneficial for men to 10 Answer: 1.redefined 2.sphere 3.accomplishment 4.opposite 5.playmates

6.emotionally

7.equality

8.initiative

9.status 10.change

14. Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Make changes where necessary.

sack expansiveness sphere sustain sour

clue define depression division equality

1.Some people do, and some people do not, believe in ___ of opportunity.

2.He ____ a great loss from the death of his father.

3. Police have still found no ____ as to the whereabouts of the missing woman.

4. In designing a bridge, one must allow for ____ in hot weather.

5. One of the workmen ___ for his always being drunk.

6. When boundaries between countries are not clearly ____ , there is usually trouble.

7. Gardening is outside the ___ of my activities.

8. She said that the hat made me look silly, but perhaps that was ____ grapes.

9. The newspapers are full of such ____ news nowadays as crime, natural disasters, and rising prices.

10. The ____ of the world into developed and underdeveloped nations is a gross simplification. Answer: 1.equality 2.sustained 3.clue 4.expansiveness 5.was sacked

6.defined

7.sphere

8.sour

9.depressing 10.division

15. Complete the following sentences with phrases or expressions from the passage. Make changes where necessary.

1. Too much social life got ___ of her studies.

2. Ann did what she could to keep the marriage from ___ .

3. Police ___ murder but are still holding several people for questioning.

4. If you go on burning yourself out ___ , you’ll injure your health.

5. As a result of his grandfather’s influence, John ___ art while at school.

Answer: 1.in the way 2.falling apart 3.have ruled out 4.at this rate 5.took up

6. The following words occur in this passage. Find 6 pairs of near synonyms and 7 pairs of near antonyms.

intellectual active public feeling feed

physical sack emotion intelligent fire

passive private dump expansive secretly

sick bright quietly traditional ill

failure emotional weak nurture modern

strong success narrow

Synonyms

1 ________________________ is similar in meaning to ________________________.

2 ________________________ is similar in meaning to ________________________.

3 ________________________ is similar in meaning to ________________________.

4 ________________________ is similar in meaning to ________________________.

5 ________________________ is similar in meaning to ________________________.

6 ________________________ is similar in meaning to ________________________. Antonyms

1 ________________________ is nearly opposite in meaning to ________________________.

2 ________________________ is nearly opposite in meaning to ________________________.

3 ________________________ is nearly opposite in meaning to ________________________.

4 ________________________ is nearly opposite in meaning to ________________________.

5 ________________________ is nearly opposite in meaning to ________________________.

6 ________________________ is nearly opposite in meaning to ________________________.

7 ________________________ is nearly opposite in meaning to ________________________.

Synonyms Antonyms

1 intellectual; intelligent; bright 1 active; passive

2 feeling; emotion 2 public; private

3 feed; nurture 3 physical; emotional

4 sack; fire; dump 4 expansive; narrow

5 secretly; quietly 5 traditional; modern

6 sick; ill 6 failure; success

7 weak; strong

17. T ranslate the following sentences into English.

因特网的普及给人们提供了迅速、方便地获取信息的机会。(access to)

The popularity of Internet provides people with quick and convenient access to information.

既然他不同意这个计划，再考虑此事就没有多大意义。(there is not much point in)

Since he doesn’t agree to this plan, there is n ot much point in thinking about it any more.

我本人没有看过这部影片，不过它应该是一部很好的片子。(be supposed to) I haven’t seen it myself, but it is supposed to be a very good film.

如果你不努力，终将一事无成。(end up nowhere)

If you don’t work hard, you’ll end up nowhere.

美国有义务首先采取行动禁止核武器。(up to, take the initiative)

It’s up to the United States to take the initiative in banning nuclear weapons.

大学英语综合教程1课后习题答案

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新标准大学英语综合教程1单元答案

Unit One Reading and understanding p.4 – p.5 2 Check (√) the true statements. 1 It’s a description of the first few days at college. 2 It’s a personal and private story. 3 The writer uses past tenses. (The writer actually uses present tenses, but some diaries do use past tenses.) 4 It’s factual. 5 It’s written in the third person. 1, 2, 4 3 Choose the best way to complete the sentences. 1.(a ) 2. (d) 3. (d) 4. (d) 5. (a) 6. (a) 4 Match the words and expressions in the box with their definitions. 1 (swear) 2 (muscle) 3 (impress) 4 (sip) 5 (gap) 6 (check in) 5 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words and expressions in the box. 1 (barely) 2 (spill) 3 (ignorant) 4 (intelligent) 5 (sign up) 6 (assures) She assures me that she’s read the book. 7 (run out of) I need to go and buy some tea, I have run out of it. 6 Answer the questions about the words and expressions. 1 Is a warden likely to be (a) a teacher at the college, or (b) someone who looks

大学英语综合教程答案

3.Many products for sale seem to scream at us, "Buy me! Buy me!" Advertising is a big busin ess in our world with many products competing for our attention. Think of the last time you boug ht clothes. You probably noticed the variety of colors, patterns, fabrics and brands you could choo se from. Which kind of soft drink would you like to have today or what kind of computer do you want? Advertisers are skilled in the art of making their products look the best to appeal to our se nses. But products aren't always what they seem. Sometimes advertising is deceptive and as cons umers ,we must be careful about what we choose to buy. It is important to learn to compare prod ucts and identify our purpose in purchasing the things we need. But the good thing about advertising is that it helps people to make decisions and refine thei r choices. In the United States, the Ad Council creates timely public service messages to the nation. Th eir purpose is to raise awareness of public problems that citizens can respond to. Inspiring ads ca use individuals to take action and even save lives. Pollution in America, for example has been red uced over the years because of the creative Public Service advertisements that the council provid es" Please, please don't be a litter bug, 'cause every 'litter bit' hurts." Many families have taught t heir children to place litter in the trash can in response to this catchy phrase, which has affected g enerations as each succeeding generation has taught their children not to litter. 4.Nature imposes difficult conditions upon the earth from time to time . The tornado and fo rest fire destroy natural resources ,homes and other structures ,and very often harm or kill peopl e . Technological tragedies happen with little or no warning as we see trains crash and airplanes f all from the sky shortly after take-off. As tragic as calamities are , they seem to bring out the best in human nature . people trained in em ergency care arrive at the scene and begin assisting the inj ured .Others come with equipment to remove debris. Men , women ,and young people willingly c ome to the scene of an accident , hoping to be of help in some way . These selfless acts of kindne ss make our world a better place . compassion eases the wounds of calamities. American Airlines flight number 587 crashed less than three minutes after taking off from JF K Airport in New York in November,2001. Witnesses s aw an engine fire develop on the plane’s nu mber one engine located under the left wing of the aircraft .seconds later ,the airliner crashed int o eight homes ,completely destroying four of them .All 260 people aboard the airplane were kille d along with six people at the crash site ,leaving many people to mourn the loss of their loved on es .the residents (people who live in the area of the crash ) rallied together to comfort those griev ing, while others removed bodies from the wreckage and did the necessary clean-up. 工程实施困难的条件下在地上的时候。龙卷风和森林火灾破坏自然资源,房屋和其他建筑物,和经常伤害或杀死人。技术的悲剧发生在很少或没有预警,因为我们看到火车事故,飞机起飞后不久就从天空坠落。一样悲惨的灾难,他们似乎显示出人性中最好的。在急诊受训的人到达现场并开始帮助受伤的人则跟设备清除残骸。男人,女人,和年轻人自愿来到事故现场,希望能有帮助。这些无私的善举让我们的世界变得更美好。同情减轻灾害的伤口。 美国航空公司587号航班坠毁不到三分钟后从纽约肯尼迪机场起飞,11月2001。目击者看到一个引擎火灾发展在飞机上的1号引擎位于下飞机的左翼,接着后,客机坠毁八家,完全摧毁了四个260名乘客的飞机遇难连同6人在事故现场,造成许多人悼念失去的亲人,居民(住在崩溃的面积)聚集在一起,安慰那些悲伤,而另一些人则从残骸,并把尸体移走必要的清理。 5.Success can be reached in different ways by people in different careers. Bill Gates began at age to program computers,His vision for personal computing has been central to the success of M icrosoft Corporation, the company he founded with his childhood friend in 1975 . The former CEO of General Electric, Jack Welch, is a business legend. A famous quote by Mr. Welch is,” Chang before you have to. ”He believes in leading by example and encourages his empl oyees to do their best every day. Michael Jordan s aid,”I accept failure, but I can’t accept not trying.” He is one of the best athl etes to ever play team sports. His great smile, athletic achievements, and pleasant personality ha ve made him one of the most famous athletes in the world. Michael Jordan spent a lot of time pla ying basketball as a child but in senior middle school he was taken off the team . Instead of giving up , he worked through adversity and became the greatest basketball player yet .

全新版大学英语综合教程2课文原文及翻译

One way of summarizing the American position is to state that we value originality and independence more than the Chinese do. The contrast between our two cultures can also be seen in terms of the fears we both harbor. Chinese teachers are fearful that if skills are not acquired early, they may never be acquired; there is, on the other hand, no comparable hurry to promote creativity. American educators fear that unless creativity has been acquired early, it may never emerge; on the other hand, skills can be picked up later. However, I do not want to overstate my case. There is enormous creativity to be found in Chinese scientific, technological and artistic innovations past and present. And there is a danger of exaggerating creative breakthroughs in the West. When any innovation is examined closely, its reliance on previous achievements is all too apparent (the "standing on the shoulders of giants" phenomenon). But assuming that the contrast I have developed is valid, and that the fostering of skills and creativity are both worthwhile goals, the important question becomes this: Can we gather, from the Chinese and American extremes, a superior way to approach education, perhaps striking a better balance between the poles of creativity and basic skills?

大学英语综合教程1课后答案

The Answers to Unit 1 Enhance Your Language Awareness (I) Working with Words and Expressions 2. (1) obtain (2) confident (3) communicate (4) advantage (5) relevant (6) helpful (7) extreme (8) enjoyable (9) means (10) process (11) particularly (12) characters (13) astonished (14) apparently 3. (1) fond of (2) is...related to (3) according to (4) To a certain degree (5) vice versa (6) no doubt (7) rid... of (8) cleared up (9) or else (10) at all costs (11) sure enough (12) let alone (13) similar to (14) It's no use (15) in my opinion (16) was worth (II) Increasing Your Word Power 1. (1) c (2) d (3) b (4) b (5) b (6) d 2. (1) highly/very (2) quite/very (3) quite/very/increasingly (4) quite/simply/very 3. Adverbs Adjectives efficiently efficient particularly particular fluently fluent quickly

大学英语综合教程答案

Key to Exercises Opener Mary is thinking of getting a tattoo tomorrow afternoon. She asks Mel to join her, but Mel cannot because she has to work tomorrow. And then Mary invites Mel to go to a party tomorrow night. Mel hesitates at first, but finally decides to go with Mary. They will meet at eight o’clock. Abbreviation Meaning 1. TGIF Thank God it’s Friday 2. AMA Ask me anything 3. OMG Oh my God! 4. YOLO You only live once 5. FOMO Fear of missing out 6. FYI For your information 7. LOL Laugh out loud 8. TBH To be honest 9. PPL People 10. ETA Estimated time of arrival Transcript: A: Hey, Mary. B: Hey, Mel. A: TGIF.

B: TGIF. A: Mel, I need some advice on something. B: AMA A: Yeah, thanks. I’m thinking of getting a tattoo. B: OMG! Really Are you serious A: Well, YOLO. B: That’s true. A: Well. B: When are you going to do it A: I’m thinking tomorrow afternoon. Do you want to come B: Oh, I’d love to come, but I’ve got to work tomorrow. Oh, major FOMO. A: What a shame! B: Yeah, A: Well, FYI, there’s a party tomorrow night. And if you are not busy, you can come to that instead. B: I’m not busy, but TBH I really need to take it easy this weekend. A: What That’s so not like you. B: LOL, that’s true. A: Party is in Hackney Wick. It’s gonna be good, good music, good PPL. B: Oh, major FOMO again. Oh, what the hell Yes, why not I’ll go.

全新版大学英语第二版综合教程2课文

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