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中考复习+形容词+副词

中考复习+形容词+副词
中考复习+形容词+副词

形容词、副词

复习目标

1.掌握形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的构成,并能正确使用。

2掌握各种类型的形容词、副词在句中的用法。

知识要点

一、形容词、副词的构成:

【典型考点】:

1. The old man lives (独自) but he never feels (孤独).

2. The plane arrived at the airport (安全).

3. He opened his mouth (张大地)and looked at us in surprise.

4. If we don’t protect the animals, we will be(able) to see them in the future.

5. Please take good care of the books (borrow) from the library.

6. I find it (激动)to see a football match.

【归纳总结】:

1.一般在名词后加上“”或“”构成形容词,表示“……的”;在形容词后加上“”构成副词,表示“……地/得”。例如:

luck- - ; noise- - ; health- -

peace- - ; hope-- ; success- -

正确拼写下列形容词:

慷慨的,严重的,各种各样的,紧张的,幽默的

残疾的,令人愉快的,自然的,西方的

2.考点分析:

(1)少数词虽以“ly”结尾其实是形容词,如:、、、等。

(2)有些词后加“ly”要去“e”,如:gentle- ;possible- ;

comfortable- ;terrible- ; probable- ;true- ;

其它直接加“ly”:polite- ;wide- ;safe- ;close-

(3)有些词既可用作形容词又可用作副词,有时意义不同,要注意区别,如:

straight, early, well, hard/hardly, high/highly, close/closely等。

(4)大多数形容词加前缀“un”或名词加后缀“less”可构成反义词,如:

important- popular- comfortable- usual- ;

meaning- use- hope- care- end- ;

patient- active- possible- correct- ;

honest- ;regular- .

(5) 过去分词和现在分词作形容词的区别:

spoken English; a used computer; developed countries; an article written by the girl;

English-speaking countries; developing countries; living areas; the man standing there.

过去分词作定语表示动作“”,现在分词作定语表示动作“”。

(6)以“ed”和“ing”结尾的词意义有别:一般以“-ed”结尾的词用来形容“人”的心情;以“-ing”结尾的词用来形

容“一件东西或事情”,类似的词有:

excited/ exciting, surprised/ surprising, amazed /amazing ,interested/ interesting, relaxed/relaxing, bored/boring, frightened/frightening等。

二、形容词、副词在句中的位置及作用:

【典型考点】:

( ) 1.Some people eat with their eyes. They prefer to order what nice.

A. feels

B. looks

C. smells

D. tastes

( ) 2. What he said made me very .

A. happily

B. cry

C. angrily

D. angry

( ) 3. Lucy, you are not to get back to s chool. You’d better stay home for another day or two.

A. good enough

B. well enough

C. so well

D. so good

( ) 4. Mr Smith is angry with Jack because he studies than any other student in his class.

A. less carefully

B. less careful

C. more careful

D. more carefully

( ) 5. The population of Changzhou is (少)than that of Shanghai.

A. less

B. fewer

C. smaller

D. larger

【归纳总结】:

1.形容词:

(1)在联系动词后作表语:

看上去很着急;听起来很美;尝起来很可口;

闻起来很香;感到昏昏欲睡;变得生气;

保持健康;睡着;迷路;

变暖;变绿。

(2)在名词前作定语:personal information;What bad weather!

在疑问代词、疑问副词和不定代词之后:what else; where else; something interesting

(3)作宾语补足语,补充说明宾语怎样:make me happy, keep your eyes closed.

(4)与定冠词连用表示一类人:the young, the old, the rich, the poor, the disabled等。

2.副词一般作状语:

(1)在动词前后:try to do things differently, laugh happily, easily work it out.

(2)在句首:(luck), I missed the early bus.

(3)在形容词前:feel truly sorry, seem terribly ill, much too hot, rather difficult等。但:large enough。3.注意:

(1)有些形容词只能作表语用在联系动词后而不能后跟名词,如:afraid, awake ,alive, alone, ill等。生病的孩子a sick child, 一个孤独的老人a lonely old man, 生物living things。

(2)有些词既是联系动词又可作行为动词,如:look angry, look angrily at him。

(3)固定搭配:人口多/少 a / population,以高/低价at a / price;

一场大雨a rain; 刮大风blow /hard; 声音大noise。

【实战演练】:

1. He is a (诚实)boy. That’s why he has few friends.

2. I (可能) won’t go with you.

3. This is such a (愉快的)trip that I will never forget it.

4. The teacher was very (please)with our performance in the match.

5. Of all the girls, she makes the (少)mistakes.

6. My mother spent (少)money on that suit among them.

7. There’s something wrong with my CD player. I will have it (repair).

8. We all shouted (激动)when hearing the good news.

9. How beautiful the music (听)!

10. ----You bought that computer, didn’t you? ----No, I can’t afford it. The price is a bit (贵), I think.

三、形容词或副词的比较级、最高级:

【典型考点】:

1. We hope the weather will be fine, but it is getting even (bad).

2. Who jumped (far) in the long jump in this sports meeting?

3. This ruler is short. Please give me a (long) one.

4. This apple is the (red)of the two.

5. Can you cook (taste) food than your mother?

6. My mother is the (busy) in our family.

7. If you see the doctor at once, you’ll get a little _____________(good) later on.

8. Hainan is a very large island. It’s the second ____________ (large) island in China.

【归纳总结】:

1.规则变化:(1) :abler, safer, weaker, cleverer/more clever, shyer/shier;

(2)多音节词和少数双音节词前加more或most:more tired, more friendly;

(3) :cloudier, sunnier, healthier, drier, busier;

(4) :wetter, thinner, fatter, sadder, redder等。

2.不规则变化:little ;many/much ;

well/good ;ill/bad/badly ;

far(距离上) ;(程度上) ;

old(年纪大);(年长的);

3.注意:在等程度副词后常跟比较级:much healthier, even worse;两者中“较……”

用:I’d like the bigger one of the two cakes.

【实战演练】:

()1. Daniel is a careful driver, but he drives _______ of my friends.

A. more carefully

B. the most carefully

C. less carefully

D. the least carefully

()2. Mrs King kept weighing herself to see how much________she was getting.

A. heavy

B. heavier

C. the heavier

D. the heaviest

()3. ---How are you today, Bob?---I'm even__now. I don't think the medicine is good for me.

A. better

B. worse

C. happier

D. unluckier

()4. Peter drives________Amy, so it will take Peter time to get to the hotel.

A. much faster than; less

B. more slowly than; less

C as fast as; more D. as slowly as; more

()5. I'm much than my two friends, but I jump of us three.

A. taller; higher

B. shorter; higher

C. taller; highest

D. shorter; highest

()6. I'm his best friend. I know him well probably ______ than anyone else.

A. less

B. wider

C. better

D. deeper

()7. Of the two T-shirts,I’d choose the_________one to save some money for a book.

A. cheapest

B. cheaper

C. more expensive

D. most expensive

( ) 8. ----Was Henry late for the concert yesterday?

----No. He got there even ten minutes ___________ than us two.

A. earlier

B. earliest

C. later

D. latest

四、常见的比较句型:

【典型考点】:

1. The __________ (high) you climb, the more beautiful view you will see.

2. Lily is as (tall) as Lucy.

3. Daniel is the (heavy)of us three , we aren’t so (heavy) as him.

4. Amy has (many) comic books than Sandy.

5. Lucy的外套尺寸和Lily的一样。Lucy’s coat is Lily’s.

6.北京的天气和南京的不一样。The weather in Beijing in Nanjing.

7.西蒙的故事书比我的少。Simon has .

8.大熊猫的数量正变得越来越少。The number of giant pandas .

【归纳总结】:

1.原级比较:像……一样:Art is as interesting as music.

不如……那样:English is not so/as difficult as science.

与某人的……一样:Lucy’s purse is the same colour as Lily’s.

与……不一样:The twins purses are differernt from Ann’s.

注意:我认为英语不如科学难。I don’t think English is as difficult as science.

2.不同程度比较:比……: Jim is older than Tom.

程度加深:越来越: He is growing taller and taller

越……,越……: The more he eats, the fatter he will be.

3.三者或三者以上比较:最……: Spring is the best season of the year.

注意:副词最高级前面的the 往往省略。

4.比较级与最高级的互换:

① Jim is taller than any other boy in our class.(吉姆比我们班上任何一个男孩都高)

= Jim is taller than in our class.(在我们班上吉姆其它的男孩高)

= Jim is in our class.(吉姆是我们班最高的)

② Jim is taller than in our class.(吉姆比我们班的任何一个女孩都高。)提醒:吉姆是男生

③ Tom isn’t as/so tall as Mike. = Tom is than Mike.

④ This book isn’t as/so interesting as that book. = This book is that book.

5.在进行比较时,必须是同类事物相比较。

①His ruler is longer than (我). ②The weather here is hotter than in Beijing. 【实战演练】:

( ) 1. —Mark speaks English well, but you____________ him. ---Thank you.

A. speak as badly as

B. speak worse than

C. don’t speak so badly as

D. speak much better than

( ) 2. When we speak to a stranger, we should be .

A. as polite as possible

B. as polite as possibly

C. as politely as possible

D. as politely as possibly

( ) 3. ---The classroom is clean it was yesterday. --- Sorry. I forget to clean it.

A.as; as

B. so; as

C. not so; as

D. more; than

( ) 4. Helen learns to dance three times a week. Now she dances________Anita does.

A. so good as

B. as well as

C. as good as

D. so well as

5. 他阿姨钢琴弹得没有他好。His aunt as he.

6. 我们的城市正变得越来越美丽。Our city .

7. 我认为潜水是所有活动中最危险的。I think diving the activities.

一、)根据句子意思及所给单词,用括号中所给词的正确形式填空,每空填一词。

1. To be here at christmas time is a dream that has come (真实) . (05)

2. He was still_________(wake) when I got back home. (06)

3. This is one of the_________(bad) games I've ever watched. (06)

4. Why did she crash the dishes_________(angry) onto the ground? (06)

5. As the trip was pleasant, they didn't feel_________(疲劳) at all. (06)

6. I can't hear you_________ (clear). Can you say it again? (07)

7. Mr. Li is talented and_________(energy) so that we all like him. (07)

8. The drivers had to drive slowly and carefully as it got much_________(fog) . (07)

9. It's________(friendly) of him to say such bad words to his classmates. (08)

10. We hope the weather will be fine, but it is getting even________(bad). (08)

11. It is dangerous to drive a car on________( 雪) days. (08)

12. (luck), John got back the notebook that he had lost at the cafe. (09)

13. Eat some vegetables and fruit every day because they are (health) food. (09)

14. Congratulations! You’ve answered all the questions(正确地). (09)

15. English dictionaries are very (use) to you when you study English. (11)

16. Don’t be (patient)! You should listen to what he is saying first. (11)

17. You needn’t be frightened because these insects are completely(harm). (11)

18. If you add some lemonade and sugar, the dish will be much (taste). (11)

19. How (active) they are donating money to help the sick student! (11)

20. The background music sounds (noise). Please turn it down. (12)

21. He answered few questions (correct), so he got a high grade in the final exam. (12)

22. Luckily,nobody was (严重) hurt. (05)

23. The charity event is (结束). We all think it is a great success. (11)

24. The computer is________(广泛) used in our daily life. We can do many things with it. (08)

25. After Jim answered the phone, he rushed out of the house (立即). (10)

26. Johnson has the (little) bread of us four.(13)

27. It is (possible) for humans to live on Mars at present.(13)

28. He looked (angry) at the young ma n and didn’t say a word.(13)

29. When the boy rushed across the finishing line, his mother cheered with an (兴奋的) look on her face.(13)

30. The horror film kept the little girl (wake) all night.(14)

31. It was closing time, but the (interest) tourists were still unwilling to leave.(14)

32. The cat is lying (舒适) under the tree with her eyes half closed.(14)

二、单项选择

()1. No one speaks French_______him. So he can be a TV host of a French programme.

A. as beautiful as

B. as badly as

C. worse than

D. better than (07年)

()2. Peter drives________Amy, so it will take Peter _______time to get to the hotel. (08年)

A. much faster than; less

B. more slowly than; less C as fast as; more D. as slowly as; more ()3—Mark speaks English well, but you_________him.—Thank you. (09年) .

A. speak as badly as

B. speak worse than

C. don’t speak so badly as

D. speak much better than ()4. I think Bob is the suitable person to take the job because he can do the work well with_________ money and _________ people. (10年)

A. less; less

B. less; more

C. more; fewer

D. less; fewer

()5. — Tom, what do you think of the school?

— Oh, no other school is_______in the city. It’s_______one.(12年)

A. better; a better

B. the best; the best

C. better; the best

D. the best; a better

()6. —The apple pies here taste_________than those from anywhere else. (14年)

—Yes. But it will be better if they are_________.

A. more delicious; more expensive

B. less delicious; more expensive

C. more delicious; less expensive

D. less delicious; less expensive

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形容词副词用法及位置

考点一形容词和副词的基本用法 一、形容词的用法及位置 说明人或事物的特征、性质或状态,常用来修饰名词和不定代词的词叫形容词。 1.作定语放在名词前,复合不定代词之后。如: The nice girl is my sister. I have something important to tell you. 2.做表语放在系动词之后。 She is so beautiful. He looks very happy. 3.作宾补,放在宾语之后,常与make,leave,keep等动词连用。如: You must keep the classroom cleaned. We should make our city more beautiful. 二、常见名词变形容词方法 三、副词的功能 1.作状语 He works hard. He parked car very easily. 2.作表语

做表语的副词多数是表示位置或状态的,入in, out, on, down, up, off, away, upstairs. He is in. What’s on this evening? 3.作宾语补足语 Let them in. 四、副词的分类 1. 时间副词 时间副词要有now, then, today, tomorrow, yesterday, before, soon, lately, already, just等。时间副词是确定句子时态的重要标志,所以一定要牢固掌握不同时态的时间标志。 2. 地点副词 地点副词有outside, inside, upstairs, here, there, home, near, away, in , back, off, up, anywhere等。地点副词和动词连用时,不加介词。 3. 方式副词 方式副词有quickly,happily,loudly,suddenly,badly,easily,fast等。方式副词大多由“形容词+ly”构成。 4. 程度副词 程度副词有very,quite,rather,too,much,so等。有些程度副词可以修饰形容词、副词的原级,有些能修饰形容词、副词的比较级。 5. 疑问副词 疑问副词有when,where,why,how,how long,how soon,how often等。疑问副词常用来构成特殊疑问句。 6. 关系副词 关系副词有when,where,why。关系副词常用来引导定语从句。 7. 频度副词 频度副词有often,usually,never等。 考点二形容词(副词)的比较等级 一、形容词(副词)原级的用法 1、一些副词如very,so,too,enough,quite等修饰形容词或副词的原级。如; The boy is too young. 2、表示A与B在某方面程度相同或者不同时用形容词(副词)的原级。 (1)肯定句中的结构:“A…+as+形容词(副词)的原级+ as + B” English is as interesting as Chinese. Li Lei runs as fast as Li Hua. (2)否定句中的结构:“A…+ not + as/so + 形容词(副词)原级+ as + B” This book isn’t so new as that one. I can’t type as/so fast as my brother.

(完整)小升初形容词副词

形容词和副词 一.形容词 1.修饰名词,描述其性质、品质、特征等的词。一般“…的”的词都是形容词。 如:She is a beautiful girl. (漂亮的) 2.在句中作定语、表语、宾语补足语。 如:I have an interesting book. (interesting有趣的,修饰book,在句中作定语) We are happy today. (happy快乐的,在句中作表语) Students should keep their classroom clean and tidy.(clean干净的,tidy整洁的,在句中都作宾 语补足语) 3.多个形容词同时修饰一个名词时的排列顺序 限定词+外观类+形状+年龄+颜色+国籍+材料+名词(简记:县官行令色国才) 如:a tall 17-year-old black American boy. 一个17岁的高个子黑皮肤美国男孩。 the big round red wooden table. 又大又圆的红色木质饭桌。 二.副词: 1.通常修饰动词,表示动作的程度、方式等。还可修饰形容词、副词,有时修饰整个句子,在句中 作状语。一般“…地”的词都是副词。 如:You must listen to the teacher carefully.(仔细地,认真地) 2.副词的分类 1) 时间副词: now, today等 2)频度副词:always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never 2) 地点副词:here, there, upstairs, downstairs等 3) 方式副词:carefully, fast, well, politely等 4) 程度副词: much, little, quite等 5) 疑问副词: how, when, where, why等 三.形容词转化成副词 1.一般在形容词后加ly, 如:quick-quickly 2.以辅音字母+y结尾的形容词,变y为i, 加ly, 如:happy-happily 3.以ue 结尾的形容词,去e加ly, 如:true-truly 注:有些词兼有形容词和副词的词性,如:fast, hard, high, late, far等,它们的词性只有通过具体语境来判断。另外,有些以ly结尾的词不是副词,而是形容词,如:friendly, lovely lonely, lively等。四.形容词和副词的比较级、最高级构成

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