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2013----2014学年毕业班第二次周考文综试题

2013----2014学年毕业班第二次周考文综试题
2013----2014学年毕业班第二次周考文综试题

高三地理周考参考答案

1.C

2.D

【解析】1.本题主要考查地理环境的整体性。由题意,沿海滩涂是指沿海大潮高潮位与低潮位之间的潮浸地带,盐碱化程度高,所以改造滩涂所种植的适应性植物应具有耐盐碱性特征。2.本题主要考查对沿海盐碱滩涂改造改良的主要措施及可行性。淡水是改造沿海滩涂盐碱地不可缺少的重要因素,由题意,如果缩短滩涂改造的时间,就需要投入更多的淡水淋洗土壤以降低盐度。

3.【答案】B

【解析】根据材料信息,当地1月平均气温为3℃,为我国亚热带地区,图例中还有“油菜”等明显的提示信息,故答案选B

4.【答案】A 【解析】在区位因素中,最终决定农业生产类型和规模的因素是市场。

5. A 6 C.

【解析】5.根据图中河流和铁路分布可知,a图铁路沿河流而建,b图铁路与河流多处相交,则可知甲城位于河谷地区,乙城市位于平原因上,两城市纬度位置很接近,但甲城市由于秦岭的阻挡削弱了冬季风,因而1月平均气温甲城市高于乙城市,7月份两城市气温高低不能推断。

6. 结合上题结论和根据图中经纬度,可知甲城市位于汉水谷地,乙城市位于黄淮平原因。

7.A 8.D

【解析】7. 改革开放以来,位于长三角地区的太湖平原,工业化、城市化发展速度快,水平较高,大量耕地被占用为建设用地,因而在全国商品粮食生产中的地位下降最为显著。

8. 河南省是我国产粮大省同时也是我国人口大省,黑龙江省粮食商品率高的主要原因是地广人稀,人口相对较少。

9.D 10.A 11.B

36.【答案】(1)M处附近河流源于黄土高原,夏季流量大,河流含沙量大,泥沙在此沉积,冬春枯水季节时成为沙源;该区域靠近我国北方沙源地,冬春季节风力强劲,风沙在M处沉积;M处附近岩石风化,风化物在此堆积。(2)图示区域靠近冬季风源地;冬春季节我国南北温差大,冬季风风力大;H处位于西北——东南走向的河谷中,与冬季风方向一致;H处东北、西南两侧为山地高原,仅H处为河谷,狭管效应显著。

(3)【参考答案一】支持观点A:该区域西临黄土高原、北临内蒙古高原,大风可将沙尘吹到到此处;河流持续搬运泥沙;人类活动用水量增加,导致河床裸露期增长;风出风口后,在M 地速度降低,风沙在此沉积。M处沙源持续稳定,甚至可能增加。

【参考答案二】支持观点B:位于半湿润区,降水较丰富,风沙发生季节较短(主要发生在冬春季节);河流源地及流经地区植树造林保持水土(使河流搬运的泥沙减少);沙源集中分布在河床与河边,面积较小,不足以形成面积较大的沙丘群;位于山区,附近在水库,沙丘群难以扩展。

37.(1)隋(大)运渭

(2)孟津以东河段属黄河下游,河道开阔,水流平稳,运粮船航行顺畅。但洪水期水流湍急,大旱时河道浅窄,大船难行,甚至停运。

孟津以西至潼关河段属黄河中游,落差大,水流湍急,河道狭窄,多险滩,运粮船难航行。

43、【答案】原因:区域属于亚热带季风气候,多暴雨。居民点地处谷底河边,其河流上游地区集水面积较广。暴雨时流水在谷底汇集,河水暴涨,易淹没农田和房屋。

措施:将居民点迁向合理的位置(地势较高,地形起伏和缓,既不受洪水威胁又无地质灾害隐患的地方)。或修建水库拦蓄洪水,修建沿河防洪堤。

【命题立意】本题考查洪涝灾害的形成与危害,考查学生等高线地形图的判读能力和结合所学知识分析、解决问题的能力。难度较小。

【解题思路】原因:结合材料和等高线地形图可知图中居民点位于河流下游谷地河边,江南丘陵区属亚热带季风气候可推出该居民点易遭受洪灾的原因为区域属于亚热带季风气候,多暴雨。居民点地处谷底河边,其河流上游地区集水面积较广。暴雨时流水在谷底汇集,河水暴涨,易淹没农田和房屋。由于该居民点地处河流下游谷地河边,所以要避免洪灾影响只能迁往地势较高,地形起伏和缓,既不受洪水威胁又无地质灾害隐患的地方;要不迁走只能修建水库拦蓄洪水,修建沿河防洪堤。

高三政治周考参考答案

12 A 13 A 14 C 15 D 16 A 17 C 18 B 19 D 20 A 21 B 22 B 23 A

38(1)自主创新对该企业发展的作用:①有利于开发新产品,提高产品科技含量,打造自主品牌;②有利于提高产品质量,提高企业市场竞争力,扩大产品销量;③有利于提高劳动生产率,降低生产成本,增加企业利润。(其他合理答案可酌情给分)

(2)企业经营者应该采取这些措施来增强企业的自主创新能力:①加大研究开发经费投入;②吸引优秀的技术人才;③鼓励员工参与企业创新活动;④通过奖金、股权等方式激励科技人员;

⑤与大学、科研机构进行科技合作;⑥积极申请专利,保护知识产权。(答出任意4项可得满分,其他合理答案可酌情给分。)

39.(1)经济信息:图表反映了随着原材料价格、工人工资大幅上升、人民币不断升值,加之融资难,珠三角地区的小企业出口竞争力削弱,利润下降,生产经营面临困难。

(2)措施:①根据经济发展新形势,以市场为导向,及时调整企业经营战略。②提高自主创新能力,依靠技术进步和科学管理,提高劳动生产率,努力降低生产成本,提高产品质量,形成自己的竞争优势。③拓展企业融资渠道,转变企业发展方式(其他合理答案可酌情给分。)

高三历史周考参考答案

24.C 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. D 29. D 30. A 31. C 32. B

33. B 34.D 35.D

40.(1)荷兰:创立一系列现代金融和商业制度。英国:推行自由贸易,逐步确立自由市场经济模式。美国:加强政府干预,开创国家垄断资本主义模式。

(2)变化:1929—1932年持续下降;1933—1945年总体保持增长。原因:1929年爆发经济危机;罗斯福实行“新政”。

作用:使美国经济得到复苏和发展,形成发达的国家垄断资本主义;快速完成了从战时经济向和平经济转变,美国经济进入高速发展的“黄金时代”;为美国在二战后成为两极格局中的一极奠定了基础;在一定程度上促进了社会生产力的迅速发展,但同时对社会经济发展有某种阻碍作用,如巨额税负导致需求减少,巨额财政赤字会引起通货膨胀,国有经济效率较低等。(回答任意两点,其他答案言之有理即可)

(3)列宁:新经济政策。斯大林:国家工业化和农业全盘集体化运动。

模式;斯大林模式(高度集中的计划经济体制)。斯大林实行单一的计划经济,取消市场调节,虽在短期内取得了经济建设的巨大成就,但从长期来看,束缚了社会生产力的发展,对社会主义建设产生了不利影响。(其他答案言之有理即可)

(4)各国应从国情出发,根据生产力发展的要求,充分利用市场和计划两种手段发展经济,在各个不同发展阶段创造出与之相适应的和有利于推动经济发展的经济社会管理模式。计划与市场都是经济调整的手段,不是社会主义和资本主义的根本区别。(其他答案言之有理即可)41.(1)中国实行“海禁”(或闭关锁国政策)。影响:阻碍了中国资本主义萌芽的发展以及中国与西方国家的交流,使中国落后于西方,成为近代中国被动挨打的重要原因。

西方推行重商主义和自由贸易政策。影响:促进西欧资本主义发展,有利于争夺更多的原料产地和商品市场。

(2)特点:利用市场货币关系发展工业;允许商品贸易、允许存在剥削。

(3)作用:科学合理的经济政策能促进一国的经济发展进而提高其国际竞争力;反之,则会阻碍经济的发展。

借鉴:顺应世界经济发展的潮流,科学制定经济政策;适时调整经济发展政策;借鉴成功的经济发展模式。

42. 答案:(1)集体安全;经济制裁。对维护和平有一定的进步意义;但从李顿调查团主张“满洲自治”来看,国联未能有效地制裁侵略、维护和平。

(2)一战后和平主义盛行;欧美政治需要。对侵略者并没有强大的约束力,列强各自的“保留条件”,成为以后战争发生的隐患。

(3)在联合国框架下,和平协商、共同发展、加强合作,维护世界和平。一贯坚持独立自主的和平外交方针;反对霸权主义、强权政治;开展以联合国为中心的多边外交;参加维和行动等。

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